g.r.s. mead - the hymn of the robe of glory (echoes from the gnosis vol. x)

8/14/2019 G.R.S. Mead - The Hymn of the Robe of Glory (Echoes From the Gnosis Vol. X)

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THE . . .HYMN OF .THE ROBE .OF GLORY.


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WORKS BY THE SAMEAUTHOR

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ECHOES BYFROM G. R. S.THE MEADGNOSIS VOL. X.

THEHYMN OFTHE ROBEOF GLORY

THE LONDONTHEOSOPHICAL ANDPUBLISHING BENARESSOCIETY 1908


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ECHOES FROM THEGNOSIS.

Under this general title is now being publisheda series of small volumes, drawn from, or basedupon, the mystic, theosophic and gnostic writingsof the ancients, so as to make more easily audiblefor the ever-widening circle of those who love suchthings, some echoes of the mystic experiences andinitiatory lore of their spiritual ancestry. Thereare many who love the life of the spirit, and wholong for the light of gnostic illumination, but whoare not sufficiently equipped to study the writingsof the ancients at first hand, or to follow unaided the labours of scholars. These little volumesare therefore intended to serve as introductionto the study of the more difficult literature of thesubject ; and it is hoped that at the same timethey may become for some, who have as yet noteven heard of the Gnosis, stepping-stones tohigher things.

G. R. S. M.


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ECHOES FROM THEGNOSISVOL. I. THE GNOSIS OF THE MIND.VOL. II. THE HYMNS OF HERMES.VOL. III. THE VISION OF ARID/EUS.VOL. IV. THE HYMN OF JESUS.VOL. V. THE MYSTERIES OF MITHRA.VOL. VI. A MITHRIAC RITUAL.VOL. VII. THE GNOSTIC CRUCIFIXION.VOL. VIII.THE CHALDEAN ORACLES, I.VOL. IX. THE CHALDEAN ORACLES, II.VOL. X. THE HYMN OF THE ROBEOF GLORY.PROPOSED SUBJECTS FORFORTHCOMING VOLUMESTHE WEDDING-SONG OF WISDOMTHE WORDS OF HERACLITUS.


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THE HYMN OF THE ROBE OFGLORY.CONTENTS. PAGEPREAMBLE . . . . . . . . . . 9THE HYMN .... -.15

COMMENTS 3The Pearl . . . . . . 30Egypt -.33The Parable of the Prodigal 38The Dual Sonship 4The Robe of Glory . . . . . . 46A Story of the Infancy . . 57The Two Couriers 59The Allegorical Geography 61NOTES . . . . . . 67

BIBLIOGRAPHY.Wright (W.), Apocryphal Acts of the Apostles (London,

1871), ii. 238-245.Noldecke (T.), Rev. of Wright, Zeitschrift der deutschen

morgenldndischen Gesellschdft (1871), pp. 670 679.Macke (K.), "Syrische Lieder gnostischen Ursprungs.Eine Studie iiber die apocryphen syrischenThomasacten," Theologische Quartalschrift (Tubingen, 1874), pp. 24 -70.


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Lipsius (R. A.), Die apocryphen Apostelgeschichten u.Apostellegenden (Brunswick, 1883, 1884), i. pp.292 300; ii. pt. ii. p. 422.

Bevan (A. A.), The Hymn of the Soul Texts and Studies(Cambridge, 1897), vol. v., no. 3.Hilgenfeld (A.), Rev. of Bevan, Berliner philologischt

Wochenschrift (Berlin, 1898), xviii., no. 13, pp.Burkitt (F. C.), The Hymn of Bardaisan. Printed atthe Press of the Guild of Handicraft, Essex House

(London, 1899) 3 copies only printed.Bonnet (M.), Actes de Saint Thomas, Apotre. Le Poeme

de I Ame. Version grecque remaniee par Nicetasde Thessalonique. Extrait des Analecta Bollan-diana (Bruxelles, 1901), tome xx. pp. 159 164.Bonnet (M.), Acta Apostolorum Apocrypha (edd. Lipsiuset Bonnet), vol. ii., pt. ii. (Leipzig, 1903), pp. xxii.,219 ff.Hoffman (G.), " Zwei Hymnen der Thomasakten,"Zeitschrift fur die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft

(Giessen, 1903), vol. iv. pp. 273 294.Preuschen (E.), Zwei gnostische Hymnen (Giessen,

1904).Burkitt (F. C.), Rev. of Preuschen, Theologisch

Tijdschrift (Amsterdam), May, 1905, pp. 270 282.F. = Mead (G. R. S.), Fragments of a Faith Forgotten

(2nd. ed., London, 1906)H. = Mead (G. R. S.), Thrice Greatest Hermes(London, 1906).


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THE HYMN OF THEROBE OF GLORY.PREAMBLE.The original title of this beautifulGnostic Poem has been lost, and it is now

generally referred to as The Hymn of theSoul. Preuschen, however, calls it TheSong of Deliverance (Das Lied von derErlosung) ; while in my Fragments (1900)I ventured to name it The Hymn of theRobe of Glory. I here, also, prefer toretain this title, as it seems the moreappropriate.The original text of the Poem is in OldSyriac, in lines of twelve syllables with acasura, and so in couplets, for themost part of six syllables. A textof a Greek version has recently been


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discovered by Bonnet at Rome (C. Valli-ROBE cenanus B. 35) and published in his text

GLORY, of The Acts of Thomas (1903). It ispartly literal, partly paraphrastic, withoccasional doublets and omissions of wholelines. In addition there is a summary inGreek by a certain Nicetas, Archbishop ofThessalonica, who flourished prior to theXlth century (the date of the MS. in whichhis abridgment is found), but who isotherwise unknown. This seems to bebased on another Greek version.The copy of the original Syriac textis found in a single MS. only (Brit.Mus. Add. 14645), which contains a collection of Lives of Saints, and bears theprecise date 936 A.D. Our Poem is foundin the text of the Syriac translation fromthe Greek of The Acts of Judas Thomasthe Apostle ; it has, however, evidentlynothing to do with the original Greektext of these Acts, and its style andcontents are quite foreign to the rest ofthe matter. It is manifestly an independent document incorporated by the

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Syrian redactor, who introduces it in the OFusual naive fashion of such compilations. THE ROBEJudas Thomas on his travels in India OF GLORY,is cast into prison. There he offers upa prayer. On its conclusion we read :" And when he had prayed and sat

down, Judas began to chant this hymn :The Hymn of Judas Thomas the Apostlein the Country of the Indians."After the Poem comes the subscription :

" The Hymn of Judas Thomas theApostle, which he spake in prison, isended."

This literary phenomenon is preciselysimilar to that presented by The Hymnof Jesus (Vol. V.), to the introduction ofwhich the reader is referred for a briefconsideration of the nature of the GnosticActs.Our Hymn is indubitably Gnostic ; but

of what school or tradition ? Learnedopinion is preponderatingly in favour ofattributing it to the Syrian GnosticBardaisan (Gk. Bardesanes 154 122

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OF A -D )> or > *ess Precisely> to some Bardes-ROBE anist poet. (For Bardesanes, see F. pp.GLORY. 392-414).This is borne out by the text of thePoem itself, in which the mention of the

Parthians (380) as the ruling race isdecidedly in favour of its having beenwritten prior to the overthrow of theParthian dynasty in 224 A.D.There are also other indications pointing to Bardaisan as the poet ; not onlyare some of the leading doctrines peculiarly those of this distinguished teacher,as has been pointed out by Bevan andPreuschen, but also, as I have venturedto suggest, there is a certain personalnote in the Poem.

Bardaisan s parents were rich andnoble ; and their young son not only received the best education in mannersand learning procurable, but he wasbrought up at the court of Edessa with thecrown prince, who afterwards succeededto the throne as one of the Abgars. Notonly so, but Bardaisan subsequently

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converted his friend and patron to Gnostic THEChristianity, and induced him to make x IROBEit the state-religion ; so that our Gnostic OF GLORY.must have the credit indirectly of establishing the first Christian State.The description of the trade-routefrom Parthia to Egypt and of the adventures of the hero in Egypt, moreover,has led me to ask whether a real pieceof personal biography may not have beenwoven into the Poem. May there notbe in it a lost page from the occult lifeof Bardaisan himself ?

Filled with longing to penetrate themysteries of the Gnosis, he joins a caravanto Egypt, and arrives at Alexandria.There he meets with a fellow-countrymanon the same quest as himself, who giveshim some useful hints about the manycorrupt and charlatanesque schools ofpseudo-gnosis that thrived in that centreof intellectual curiosity and religiousenthusiasm. He, however, in spite ofthese warnings, seems to have fallen intothe hands of the unscrupulous, and so,

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HYMN OF *or a ^ me> f rgets his true spiritual quest,ROBE m the by-ways, perchance, of lowerF GLORY, psychism and magic. Only after thisbitter experience does he obtain theinstruction he longs for, by initiationinto the spiritual Gnosis of the innercircles of, it may have been, the Valen-tinian tradition.Of course this speculation is put forward with all hesitation ; but it is neither

impossible, nor improbable.In any case, it is the least importantelement, and need not detain us exceptas being a possible source of the localcolouring matter. The Hymn itself isa truly poetic inspiration, and dealswith far higher mysteries and experiences. But before we can venture tosuggest an interpretation, the readermust be made acquainted with the Poemitself in a version based on a minute comparison of all the existing translations.


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THE HYMN.I.

When, a quite little child, I was dwellingIn the House of my Father s Kingdom,And in the wealth and the gloriesOf my Up-bringers I was delighting,From the East, our Home, my ParentsForth-sent me with journey-provision.Indeed from the wealth of our Treasure,They bound up for me a load.Large was it, yet was it so lightThat all alone I could bear it.

II.Gold from the Land of Glldn, 6Silver from Ganzak the Great,

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7 Chalcedonies of India,Iris-hued [Opals ?] from Kushdn.

8 They girt me with Adamant [also]That hath power to cut even iron.9 My Glorious Robe they took off meWhich in their love they had wrought me,

10 And my Purple Mantle [also]Which was woven to match with my stature.III.

11 And with me They [then] made a compact;In my heart wrote it, not to forget it :12 " // thou goest down into Egypt,And thence thou bring* st the one Pearl13 " [The Pearl] that lies in the Sea,

Hard by the loud-breathing Serpent,14 " [Then] shalt Thou put on thy RobeAnd thy Mantle that goeth upon it,

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" And with thy Brother, Our Second, 15Shalt thou be Heir in our Kingdom."IV.

/ left the East and went down 16With two Couriers [with me] ;

For the way was hard and dangerous, 17For I was young to tread it.I traversed the borders of Maishdn, 18The mart of the Eastern merchants,And I reached the Land of Babel, 19And entered the watts of Sarbug.Down further I went into Egypt ; 20And from me parted my escorts.

V.Straightway I went to the Serpent ; 21Near to his lodging I settled,

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22 To take away my PearlWhile he should sleep and should slumber.23 Lone was I there, yea, all lonely ;To my fellow-lodgers a stranger.24 However I saw there a noble,From out of the Dawn-land my kinsman,25 A young man fair and well favoured,26 Son of Grandees; he came and he joined me.

VI.

27/ made him my chosen companion,A comrade, for sharing my wares with.

28 He warned me against the Egyptians,Gainst mixing with the unclean ones.

29 For I had clothed me as they were,That they might not guess I had come30 From afar to take off the Pearl,And so rouse the Serpent against me.

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VII.

But from some occasion or other 31They learned I was not of their country.With their wiles they made my acquaintance; 32Yea, they gave me their victuals to eat.I forgot that I was a King s son, 33And became a slave to their king.I forgot all concerning the Pearl 34For which my Parents had sent me ;And from the weight of their victuals 35/ sank down into a deep sleep.

VIII.All this that now was befalling, 36My Parents perceived and were anxious.It was then proclaimed in our Kingdom, 37That all should speed to our Gate

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38 Kings and Chieftains of Parthia,And of the East all the Princes.39 And this is the counsel they came toI should not be left down in Egypt.40 And for me they wrote out a Letter ;And to it each Noble his Name set

IX.

41 " From Us King of Kings, thy Father,And thy Mother, Queen of the Dawn-land,42 "And from Our Second, thy BrotherTo thee, Son, down in Egypt,Our Greeting !

43 " Up and arise from thy sleep,Give ear to the words of Our Letter !

44 " Remember that thou art a King s son ;See whom thou hast served in thy slavedom.

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Bethink thyself of the Pearl 45For which thou didst journey to Egypt.

X." Remember thy Glorious Robe, 46Thy Splendid Mantle remember ,

" To put on and wear as adornment, 47When thy Name may be read inthe Book of the Heroes,

"And with Our Successor, thy Brother, 48Thou mayest be Heir in Our Kingdom"

My Letter was [surely] a Letter 49The King had sealed up with HisRight Hand,

Gainst the Children of Babel, the wicked, oThe tyrannical Daimons of Sarbug.21


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XL51 // flew in the form of the Eagle,Of all the winged tribes the king-bird ;52 It flew and alighted beside me,And turned into speech altogether.53 At its voice and the sound of its winging,I waked and arose from my deep sleep.54 Unto me I took it and kissed it ;I loosed its seal and I read it.55 E en as it stood in my heart writ,

The words of my Letter were written.XII.

56 / remembered that I was a Kings son,And my rank did long for its nature.57 / bethought me again of the Pearl,For which I was sent down to Egypt.

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And I began [then] to charm him, 58The terrible loud-breathing Serpent.I lulled him to sleep and to slumber, 59Chanting o er him the Name of my Father,The Name of our Second, [my Brother], 60And [Name] of my Mother, the East-

Queen.XIII.

And [thereon] I snatched up the Pearl, 61And turned to the House of my Father.Their filthy and unclean garments 62I stripped off and left in their country.To the way that I came I betook me, 63To the Light of our Home, to the Dawn-land.On the road I found [there] before me 64My Letter that had aroused me^4s with its voice it had roused me, 65So now with its light it did lead me

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XIV.66 On fabric of silk, in letters of red [?],With shining appearance before me [?],67 Encouraging me with its guidance,With its love it was drawing me onward.69 / went forth ; through Sarbug I passed ;

I left Babel-land on my left hand ;70 And I reached unto Maishdn the Great,The meeting-place of the merchants,71 That lieth hard by the Sea-shore.

XV,72 My Glorious Robe that Fd stripped off,

And my Mantle with which it was covered,73 Down from the Heights of Hyrcdnia,

Thither my Parents did send me,24


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By the hands of their Treasure-dispensers 74Who trustworthy were with it trusted.Without my recalling its fashion, 75In the House of my Father my childhoodhad left it,At once, as soon as I saw it, 76The Glory looked like my own self.

XVI.I saw it all in all of me, 77And saw me all in [all of] it,That we were twain in distinction, 78And yet again one in one likeness.I saw, too, the Treasurers also, 79Who unto me had down-brought it,Were twain [and yet] of one likeness ; 80For one Sign of the King was upon them

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8 1 Who through them restored me the Glory,The Pledge of my Kingship [?].

XVII.82 The Glorious Robe all-bespangledWith sparkling splendour of colours ;

83 With Gold and also with Beryls,Chalcedonies, iris-hued [Opals ?],

84 With Sards of varying colours.To match its grandeur [?], moreover,it had been completed :

85 With adamantine jewelsAll of its seams were off-fastened.86 [Moreover} the King of Kings ImageWas depicted entirely all o er it ;87 And as with Sapphires aboveWas it wrought in a motley of colour.

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XVIII./ saw that moreover all o er it 88The motions of Gnosis abounding ;I saw it further was making 89Ready as though for to speak.I heard the sound of its Music 90Which it whispered as it descended [?] :"Behold him the active in deeds I 91For whom I was reared with my Father ;"7 too have felt in myself 92How that with his works waxed my stature"

XIX.And [now] with its Kingly motions 93Was it pouring itself out towards me,And made haste in the hands of its Givers, 94That I might [take and] receive it.

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95 And me, too, my love urged forwardTo run for to meet it, to take it.96 And I stretched myself forth to receive it ;With its beauty of colour I decked me,97 And my Mantle of sparkling coloursI wrapped entirely all o"*er me.

XX.98 / clothed me therewith, and ascendedTo the Gate of Greeting and Homage.99 / bowed my head and did homageTo the Glory of Him who had sent it,100 Whose commands I [now] had accomplished,And who had, too, done what He d promised.101 [And there] at the Gate of His House-sonsI mingled myself with His Princes ;

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For He had received me with gladness, 102And I was with Him in His Kingdom ;

XXI.To whom the whole of His Servants 103With sweet-sounding voices sing praises.

He had promised that with him to the Court 104Of the King of Kings I should speed,And taking with me my Pearl 105Should with him be seen by our King.


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COMMENTS.THE PEARL.

OFB th Hoffmann and Preuschen are of

ROBE opinion that the Poem is a free elaborationGLORY, of the chief element in the very brieflyrecorded Parable of the Pearl which thefirst Evangelist alone has preserved(Matt. xiii. 45, 46) :

" Again the Kingdom [or Kingship] ofthe Heavens is like unto a merchantmanseeking fine pearls ; and when he founda pearl of great price, he went and soldall he had and bought it."This seems hardly sufficient in itselfto account for the genesis of our Poem.Certainly for the Gnostics, if the Pearlmeant the Kingdom of Heaven in thesense of the Gnosis, it also meant something more definite and intimate, and in

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all probability the tradition of the mystic THEi i -L /"!_ * 4.* JtixjyiJN ur1meaning went back to pre-Christian THE ROBE

days. OF GLORYThus the pre-Christian Hellenistic initiate who was the first commentatorof the Naassene Document, quotes amystery-saying of the Phrygians ? fromthe Mysteries of the Great Mother asfollows :

"If ye have eaten dead things andmade living ones, what will ye make ifye eat living things ? "On this the Jewish commentator, whowas in high probability a contemporaryof Philo of Alexandria let us say aboutthe first quarter of the first centurywrites :

" And by living things they meanlogoi and minds and men the pearlsof the Inexpressible Man cast into theplasm below."Those

logoi,or " words " or " reasons "

that is spiritual minds or true " men "are the " angels " who perpetually

behold the Face of the Father, that is


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HYMN OF ^ve *n ^e ^^ne Presence - The Inex-THE ROBE Possible Man is the Transcendent Logos,OF GLORY, and the logoi are His sons. In brief thePearl is the " Higher Self."Later on, in the same Document, theChristian Gnostic writer, who furthercomments on the interpretation of theJewish exegete, adds :

" That is what He saith :" Cast not the holy thing to the dogsnor the pearls to the swine.And on this finally the Church Father

Hippolytus remarks :" For they say that the work of swine

is the intercourse of man with woman."(H. i. 175).It is to be noted that in the ChaldaanOracles (ii. 26 ff.) " dogs " are a technicalterm for a certain class of " daimones " ;so also " swine " may for the Gnosticshave designated another class.In any case we get the equation, pearl= logos ; that is, the " light-spark," theray of the Logos, the Christ-nature inman. And so also in The Acts of John

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we read the following, in a hymn of praiseput into the mouth of John, at the sacred THE RQBEfeast prior to his departure from the OF GLORY.body. It is addressed to the Christ, andthe sentence that concerns us runs :

" We glorify the Resurrection shownunto us through Thee ; we glorify ThySeed, Word (Logos), Grace, Faith, Salt,True Pearl ineffable." (F. p. 440).

It is thus evident that the Pearl is insome way the mystery hidden in man, and,indeed, buried in the body. For "Egypt"is the body.

EGYPT.Thus in the same invaluable Naassene

Document, the Jewish commentator,quoting from some still more ancientcommentary, writes :

"This is what is written:" I have said, Ye are Gods and all

Sons of the Highest if ye hasten toflee from Egypt and get you beyond theRed Sea into the Desert."

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THE And to this he himself adds in furtherOFF explanation :OF GLORY:

" That is, from the Intercourse Belowto the Jerusalem Above who is theMother of the Living."And then he resumes his quotationfrom presumably some old Jewish Gnosticcommentary :

"But if ye turn back into Egypt(that is, to the Intercourse Below) Yeshall die like men.And on this he again remarks :

" For all the Generation (Genesis) Belowis subject to Death, but the [Birth] begotten Above is superior to Death."3

And, speaking of the Great Ocean ofGenesis, he continues :"This is the Great Jordan, which,

flowing downwards and preventing theSons of Israel from going forth out ofEgypt, or the Intercourse Below, wasturned back by Jesus [LXX. for Joshua]and made to flow upwards."

After "Egypt" the Church FatherHippolytus interjects the gloss :

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" For Egypt is the body, according to THEthem." (tf. i. 163, 164). ?HE NROBEMe , -I r* i 11 . . 1MJ6 KUrJiiot this Gnostic allegorizing is, in OF GLORY.high probability, to be assigned to pre-Christian Chassid and allied (e.g. Thera-peut) circles, similar to those whichdeveloped the ethical teaching of TheTestaments of the Twelve Patriarchs, whichProf. Charles has, in his just publishedtext and translation, so brilliantly conjectured to have been written about 109 106B.C. This ethic, he contends, influencedvery strongly the writers of the New Testament documents, and anticipated some ofthe most characteristic Sayings of Jesus.How the symbolism of Egypt, the RedSea, the Desert, and the Promised Land,was developed by these Mystics maybe seen from what Hippolytus (Ref. vi.16) summarizes of the system of thePeratae or Transcendalists, who werecontemporaries of the Naassenes.^ The Gnostic treatise that the ChurchFather had before him, was treating of theGreat Water or Ocean of Genesis that

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THE moistens the soul and plunges it into theTHJ^ROBE Region of Death, according to the wordOF GLORY of Heraclitus :

" For to souls water becomes death."The Peratic writer continues :" This Death overtakes the Egyptians

in the Red Sea together with their chariots[set. vehicles]. Now all who are ignorant[set. are without the Gnosis] are Egyptians."

Hippolytus then summarizes as follows :" And this, they say, is the Going-forthout of Egypt out of the body. For they

consider that the body is a little Egypt,and that they cross over [or transcendhence their name Peratse] the Red Sea(that is, the Water of Destruction, whichis Kronos [that is, Time]), and reach astate beyond the Red Sea (that is, Generation), and enter the Desert (that is,reach a state free from Generation),where there are all together the Gods ofDestruction and the God of Salvation."And the Peratic writer adds :

" Now the Gods of Destruction are the36


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Stars [that is, the Fate-spheres] which THEbring upon sentient beings the necessity THEof changeable Generation [Genesis, the OF GLORY.Brahmanical and Buddhist Samsdra].

" These Moses called the Serpents ofthe Desert who bite and destroy thosewho imagine they have crossed theRed Sea." To the Sons of Israel, therefore, who

were being bitten in the Desert, Mosesrevealed the True Serpent [sci. of Wisdom],the Perfect One ; and they who believedon Him, were not bitten in the Desert(that is, by the Powers).

"No one, therefore, is thus able to saveand deliver those who come forth fromthe Land of Egypt (that is, from the bodyand from the world), save only thePerfect Serpent, Him who is full of [all]fulnesses.

" He who centres his hopes upon Him,is not destroyed by the Serpents of theDesert (that is, by the Gods of Generation)."

It is thus evident that for these mystical37


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HYMN OF auquot; eg rists Egypt stood for both theTHE ROBE body and also the hylic or gross-materialOF GLORY, realms, and that the use goes back alongthe Naassene-Ophite trace to pre-Christian

Jewish Gnostic circles. It is, therefore,unnecessary to bring forward later passages from Clement of Alexandria andOrigen in confirmation of the use.THE PARABLE OF THE PRODIGAL.That our Poem is simply an elaboration

or embellishment (Ausschmuckung Preu-schen, p. 66) of the briefly-recordedParable of the Pearl, as has been supposed,is a very insufficient hypothesis toaccount for its genesis. Even if we wereso inelastic as to imagine that it mustnecessarily have its point of departurein canonical scripture, we might moreappropriately surmise that it is ratheran elaboration of the beautiful Parableof the Prodigal, which is recorded by thethird Evangelist alone (Lk. xv. 11-32).

That, however, it is something farother than a mere embellishment even38


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of this beautiful Parable, must be evidentto the most casual reader. There is THE ROBEoriginality in it, and its resemblances OF GLORY.may, with far greater probability, bereferred to knowledge of the inner factsthat both Parable and Poem set forth,rather than to any slavish following ofthe canonical text. Still it is well toremark the resemblances :The Father and the two Sons, of whomthe younger goes forth ; the dividing

up of the substance (ova-la) or living(,8/o?) ; the far country ; the joininghimself to a citizen of that country thereverse in the Poem ; the eating thefood of swine the symbol of generation ; the calling to remembrance of theFather s household ; the return ; therunning of the Father to meet him, as hespeeds to meet the Father, and thekissing of him ; the putting on of the robe.

It is, however, evident that the wholematter is treated from another standpoint ;it is far more intimate and reveals afuller insight into the spiritual mysteries.

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OF In the Parable there is no mention ofROBE the Divine Mother, the Queen of theGLORY. East ; and this is in keeping with laterRabbinical exclusion of the Divine Femi

nine. But in the circles of the Mysticsthe Holy Spirit was regarded as feminine,the Spouse of Divinity, and in the Wisdom-literature Wisdom herself.As in the other great traditions, soalso in pre-Christian Jewish Gnostic circles,the natural Trinity was a fundamentalof their symbolism, and so also in manya system of the Christianized Gnosis.The origin of the Dual Sonship, how

ever, must, in one direction at any rate,be sought for along that very obscureline of descent that is called Ophite(Naassene), and which has its roots inthe pre-Christian Gnosis and the widespread Myth of Man (see H. i. 139-198).THE DUAL SONSHIP.A faint trace of this is preserved forus in a system which the polemicalRefutation (I. xxx) of Irenaeus associates

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with the Ophite tradition, but which THETheodoret (Hcer. Fab. I. xiv.) ascribes TH R BEto the Sethians. Unfortunately the OF GLORY.original Greek text of Irenaeus is herelost, and we have to be content with thebarbarous Old-Latin translation ; in addition the Church Father is very hostileand contemptuous, and at no great painsto understand the objects of his detestation. Such as it is, however, we willset it down :

" But others again give forth portentous utterances : that there dwellsin the Power of the Depth a certainPrimal Light, blessed, indestructible,boundless ; this is the Father of all andis called the First Man.

" They declare further that His Thoughtproceeding from Him, is the Son of Himwho sends forth [His Thought] ; andthat this Thought is Son of Man, theSecond Man.

" That below these again is the HolySpirit ; and below this Highest Spirit,the [Primal] Elements were separated


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THE forth Water, Darkness, Abyss, Chaos ;THE^OBE and on these was borne the Spirit, whomOF GLORY, they call the First Woman.

" Subsequently, they assert, the FirstMan together with His Son, delighting inthe Beauty of the Spirit, that is theWoman, and filling Her with Light,begat from Her Incorruptible Light, theThird Man, whom they call the Christ,Son of the First and the Second Manand of the Holy Spirit, the FirstWoman."

Here we have clearly set forth the ideaof the Dual Sonship though from adifferent point of view from that of ourPoem and of Man, Son of Man, a termthat occurs frequently in the Gospels,and which so far scholarship refuses toexplain gnostically, preferring to loseitself in the philological labyrinth of aquite unsatisfactory Aramaic Bar-Nasha.That the ruling idea of the DualSonship was widespread in Gnostic circles,both non-Christian and Christianized, may

be seen from the following parallels,42


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though where we are to seek the proto- ^ OFtype of it whether along some single THE ROBEline of Babylonian, Chaldaean, Magian, OF GLORY.Syrian or Egyptian mystagogy, or as acommon possession of Chaldaea and Egypt

is hard to say.i. In the Mago-Chaldaean system under

lying the early Simonian documentThe Great Announcement (see TheGnostic Crucifixion, pp. 40 ff.) :

f f The Great Power,The Power ofJ incomprehensiblethe Depth :_ _.The First

Man Son ofManThe FirstWoman,HolySpirit orBreath

The Christ =

( The Father, Mind ofthe Universals.

~ , , , ,Great Thou ht -^u TV/T-JJI T^-The Middle Distance,

Incomprehensible

He who has stood,stands, and willstand.

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OFROBEGLORY.

2. In the system underlying the ChaldaeanOracles, a Greek mystery-poem of thefirst century in which Mago-Chal-daean material is " philosophized ":The Power of f God-nurturingthe Depth = = ( Silence.

The First Man = f The Father > Mind >Man Son of)Man, The!- =Second Man]The First )Woman J

Fire.

Mind of Mind,The Second Mind.= The Great Mother.

The Christ = The JEon (as Monad,Atom, Light-spark, Symbol).

3 Again in the system underlying theoldest extant treatise of the Trisme-gistic literature, " The Pcemandres "or " Man-Shepherd " (H. ii. 3 ff.) :

The Power of f The Silence beforethe Depth = | the Voice.44


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The First Man = All-Father Mind. HYMN OFMan Son of f Formative Mind, THE ROBEMan : I The Second Mind. OF GLORY -The First ) XT ,Woman = } Nature "~, ~. . , f Man, Brother of the

;

1 Formative Mind.

There is thus little doubt that inGnostic circles, both pre-Christian andChristian, there was a clear tradition ofTwo Sons, one who remained, and onewho went forth ; and the one who wentforth or returned was the Christ. OurPoem is therefore a Song of the Christ-Mystery.

" Thy Brother, Our Second," or Next-in-rank, is the Supernal Man, Son ofMan ; and the Christ, because of HisDescent, and His winning of the Pearlof Self-consciousness in manifestation,is exalted to equality with the SupernalSon, or even to still higher rank ; yetare they both one.

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THE ROBE OF GLORY.ROBE ^ is to be noted that there are twoGLORY. Vestures : the Robe of Glory and thePurple Mantle.Now in the canonical scriptures John

xix. 24 (cf. Matth. xxvii. 35, Mk. xv. 24,Lk. xxiii. 24, all of which look back toPsalm xx. 18) reads :

"

They parted my Garments amongthem ;" And for my Vesture they cast lots."The fourth Gospel (xix. 23) distinguishesthe "Garments" and the "Vesture,"

adding that the " Coat " (chiton) " waswithout seam, woven from the topthroughout."Now the chiton, or tunica, was anunder-garment, and was generally wornunder a woollen cloak, or mantle (chlamys,or toga) during the day.The writer of the fourth Gospel was aMystic, and doubtless meant to conveyan under-meaning to those who had"ears to hear."

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As the "Garments" were dividedinto four among the " four soldiers," can THE RQBEit be that he intended to convey the idea OF GLORY,of a Cloak of the four elements, and aVesture of the one element, or quintessence, the complement of the four ?At any rate this would be in keepingwith the mystery-teaching concerningthe " perfect body " or " body of resurrection," as may be seen from theMithriac Ritual.Whether or not he had any such

intention, and whether or not he hadfurther the same ground-ideas in mindas those set forth by the Gnostic poet inour beautiful Hymn, must be left to theopinion of the reader according to hisknowledge or ignorance.The difference between the undergarment and mantle may be seen inmany a Mithriac monument ; while inthe Mithriac Ritual we read (p. 27) :

4 Thou shalt behold a God. . . ina White Tunic and a Scarlet Mantle."And again (p. 32) :47


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" Thou shalt see ... a God ...NROBE clad in a Robe of Brightness."GLORY. The

"

Scarlet Mantle"

is an exactparallel with the "Purple Mantle" ofour Poem.The nature of the Divine Robe, or,

Glory, as a Heavenly Dwelling, wasunderstood by Paul when he writes(/. Cor. v. i ff.) :

" For know that if our house on earthof the [fleshly] tabernacle be dissolved,we have a God-made Building, a Housenot made with hands, eternal [lit. aeonian]in the Heavens.

" For, indeed, we are groaning in this[habitation on earth], longing to beclothed with our Heaven-made Habitation."

Paul was well versed in Gnostic nomenclature ; and the extended meaning ofthe Robe of Glory, as it was understoodby the Mystics, may be grasped bythe present-day Mystic who reads thefollowing passages from one of the inspired outbursts of the beautiful Untitled

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Apocalypse of the Coptic Gnostic Codex THEBrucianus : ?HE NROBE" In this City it is that they move OF GLORY,and live ; it is the House of the Father,and the Vesture of the Son, and thePower of the Mother, and the Image ofthe Fulness [Pleroma]." (F. p. 547).And again :" And they praised the One and Only

One, and Conception [or Thought, theMother], and the Mind-born Logos, praising the Three who are One, for throughHim they became supersubstantial.

" And the Father took their wholeLikeness and made it into a City or intoa Man. He limned the Universe in His[sci. the Man s] Likeness that is allthese Powers.

" Each one of them knew Him in thisCity ; all began to sing myriads of songsof praise to the Man or the City of theFather of the universe.^

" And the Father hath taken HisGlory and made it into a Vesture withoutfor the Man. He created HisD 49


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Body in the type of the Holy Pleroma."HYMN OF ,77 : _,AA vHE ROBE (? P- 5W-OF GLORY. And yet again the Ineffable Vesture issung of as follows :

" The First Monad hath sent Him anIneffable Vesture, which is all Light andall Life, and all Resurrection, and allLove, and all Hope, and all Faith, and allWisdom, and all Gnosis, and all Truth,and all Peace. . . .

" And in it is the universe, and theuniverse hath found itself in it, andknows itself therein.

" And it [sci. the Vesture] gave themall light in its Ineffable Light ; myriadsof myriads of powers were given it, inorder that it should raise up the universeonce for all.

" It gathered its vestures to itself,and made them after the fashion of aVeil which surrounds it on all sides, andpoured itself over them,

and raised upall, and separated them all according toorder and law and forethought." (F.P- 557-)

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And yet once more from the same THEhigh document of deep mystic lore : THE^OBE

"He is the Man begotten of Mind, OF GLORY,to whom Reflection gave form." Thou hast given all things to theMan. He weareth them like these garments, and putteth them on like these

vestures, and wrappeth Himself withcreation as with a mantle." (F. p. 562.)If we were to set down all the passagesin Gnostic and allied literature connected

with the mystery of the Robe of Glory,the Wedding Garment, and the rest ofthe Light-Vestures of the Soul, we shouldspeedily exhaust the space of this littlevolume and of several other volumes.We must, however, find room for abrief notice of the magnificent descriptionof the Descent of the Vesture of Lighton the Master, the Gnostic Transfiguration, in the Pistis Sophia (PS. 5 ff. ;F. pp. 259 ff.). The whole subject istreated more fully in my essay on " TheSoul-Vestures," in The World-Mystery(2nd ed., pp. 117 ff.) :


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OF" ^Ut ^6 -Disciples saw n t JeSUS

ROBE because of the Great Light in which HeGLORY, was, or which shone on Him ; for theireyes were darkened because of the Great

Light in which He was. They saw theLight only, sending forth a host of light-rays.

" And the light-rays were not like toone another. The Light was of variouskinds, and it was of various types,from below above, each ray being moreadmirable than its fellow . . . in aGreat Glory of immeasurable Light ; itstretched from below the Earth right upunto Heaven. . . .

" It was of three degrees. The firstwas more admirable than the rest [? ofthe rays] ; the second, which was in themidst, was more admirable than the firstwhich was below it ; and the third,which was above them all, was moreadmirable than the two below it."The Master explains this mystery toHis Disciples as follows :

Lo, I have now put on my Vesture,52

"


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and all authority hath been given me bythe First Mystery. . . . ?HE NRoLquot; It came to pass, when thefSun had OF GLORY.risen in the East, that a Great Light-power

descended, in which was my Vesture,which I had left behind in the Four-and-twentieth Mystery. . . .

"And I found a Mystery in my Vesture,written in Five Words of those from theHeight ... of which the interpretation is this :

"O Mystery that is Without, in theWorld, because of which All hath comeinto existence ! This is the whole Outgoing and the whole Up-going, whichhath emanated all Emanations and allthat is therein, because of which all Mysteries exist and all their Regions.

" Come -unto us ! For we are ThyFellow-Members [or Limbs] ; we are allone with Thee ; we are one and thesame. Thou art the First Mystery whichhath existed from the beginning in theIneffable before it came forth, and theName thereof is all of us.53


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OF" ^OWj "therefore, we all together draw

ROBE nigh unto Thee at the Last Limit (that is,GLORY, at the Last Mystery from Within) ; it isitself a portion of us.

" Now, therefore, we have sent TheeThy Vesture, which indeed hath belongedto Thee from the beginning, which Thoudidst leave behind in the Last Limit,which is the Last Mystery from Within,until its time should be fulfilled, according to the Command of the First Mystery.

" Lo, its time is fulfilled ; clotheThyself therewith !

" Come unto us ! For we all drawnigh unto Thee to clothe Thee with theFirst Mystery and all His Glory, byCommandment of the same ; in that theFirst Mystery hath given us it, consistingof two Vestures, besides the one that wehave sent Thee, for Thou art worthy ofthem ; for in sooth Thou art prior to usand came into being before us. Wherefore now hath the First Mystery sentThee through us the Mystery of all HisGlory, two Vestures."

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The text then goes on to enumerate THE ^ ^the Hierarchies of ^Eons, Powers, and THE ROBEGods, which compose these Heavenly OF GLORY.Garments corresponding detail for detailwith the whole emanative potencies of theUniverse whereby the Garment of Deityis woven, and then continues its magnificent exposition ; the Living Powerswhich form the Vesture speaking asfollows on the Great Day " Be with us "the moment of Supreme Perfection :

" Lo, therefore, have we sent TheeThy Vesture, which no one from the FirstLaw [or Precept] downwards hath known ;for the Glory of its Light was hidden in it[sci. the Law], and all Regions from theFirst Law downwards have not known it.

" Make haste, therefore, clothe Thyselfwith this Vesture, and come unto us !For we draw nigh unto Thee, in orderto clothe Thee with thy Two Vestures,which have been for Thee from thebeginning with the First Mystery, untilthe time appointed by the Ineffableshould be fulfilled.

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OF" Come therefore, to us quickly, that

ROBE we may clothe Thee with them, untilGLORY. Thou hast fulfilled the whole Ministry ofthe Perfection of the First Mystery, the

Ministry appointed by the Ineffable !" Come, therefore, to us quickly thatwe may clothe Thee with them according

to the Commandment of the First Mystery !For yet a little while, a very little while,and Thou shalt come to us and leavethe world.

" Come, therefore, quickly, that Thoumayest receive Thy whole Glory, theGlory of the First Mystery ! "This gives us all the light we need tothrow on the inner meaning of our Poem ;it is the inner tradition intended for theinitiated, whereas our Poem was intendedto be circulated among the people.Which was prior ? If the former, thenwe have found a terminus for the dating,if not of the Pistis Sophia as a whole, thenof one of its " sources," and the datemust be pushed back into the secondcentury.

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A STORY OF THE INFANCY,But before we leave the Pistis Sophia THE

there is another instructive passage that THEis reminiscent of the same ideas which OF GLORY.underlie the words : " Unto me I took itand kissed it " (50) ; and also : " Thatwe were twain in distinction, And yetagain one in one likeness" (78). It isan otherwise unknown Story of the Infancy and runs as follows (P.S. pp.120 ff.) :

" And Mary [the Mother] answeredand said :" My Master, concerning the wordwhich Thy Power prophesied through

David, to wit : Grace and Truth mettogether, Righteousness and Peace kissedeach other ; Truth sprouted out of theEarth, and Righteousness looked downfrom Heaven Thy Power prophesiedthis word of old concerning Thee.

" When Thou wert a child, before theSpirit had descended upon Thee, whilstthou wert in a vineyard with Joseph,the Spirit came from the Height, and

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OF came to me m my house, like unto Thee ;ROBE and I knew Him not, and thought thatGLORY. He was Thou." And the Spirit said unto me : Where

is Jesus my Brother, that I may go tomeet Him ?" And when He had said this unto

me, I was in perplexity and thought itwas a phantom [come] to tempt me."So I took Him and bound Him tothe foot of the bed that was in my house,

until I had gone unto you to Thee andJoseph, in the field and found you inthe vineyard Joseph propping up thevines.

"

It came to pass, therefore, whenThou didst hear me speaking the wordunto Joseph, that Thou didst understand the word, and wert joyful andsaidest : Where is He that I may seeHim ? Otherwise I await Him in thisplace.

" It came to pass when Joseph heardThee saying these words, that he wastroubled, and we went together, we entered

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the house, and found the Spirit bound to N QFthe bed. And we gazed on Thee and THE ROBEHim, and found Thee like unto Him. OF GLORY." And He that was bound to the bed

was loosed ; He embraced Thee andkissed Thee, and Thou also didst kissHim ; and ye become one."

I am somewhat persuaded that underthe apparently naive

details of thisinfancy story there is a concealed meaning. Once I gave a lecture in which Iendeavoured to suggest what the natureof its under-meaning may have been,but it is too long to set down here.

It is apparently from another " source "of the P. S. document, and not dueto the compiler.THE TWO COURIERS.The Two Couriers also pertain to the

mystery hidden under the symbolismof the Twins which meets us everywherein the ancient myths and legends ofinitiation ; in reversed reflection they

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would be the Two Thieves crucified withOF TJ-ROBE nimGLORY. In the Transfiguration - scene in thecanonical Gospels, when the Master isclothed with Light, the Two are takenby the unknowing Disciples for Mosesand Elias.

In The Gospel of Peter, in the story ofthe Mystery of the Resurrection, they areseen as Two Men, of the appearance ofLight, whose heads reach unto heaven.This mystic tradition may be comparedwith the more prosaic " two men in shining garments " of the third Gospel ; whileits Gnostic analogue may be seen in theTwo Great Beings reaching unto heaven,of whom the precise mystic dimensionsare given, in the Nazoraean, or Galilean,scripture, The Book of Elxai, that isThe Book of the Hidden Power (see DidJesus live 100 B.C. ? pp. 365 ff.).In the Pistis

Sophia, as Receivers ofLight, they are called Gabriel and Michael,who led "the Light-stream over PistisSophia " the repentant faithful soul

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(PS. 130 ff.), and who elsewhere in the THEsame document take back the souls to THEthe Light. They lead " the Light-stream OF GLORY.into Chaos and bring it forth again "(P.S. 133).

In the Book of Enoch (Ixxi. 3) it isMichael who brings Enoch before themost High, and Abraham to the Throneof God.The Two Angels of opposite sex

allegorizing or substantializing the man sgood and evil deeds who lead the soulthrough the Middle Distance are nativeto the Magian and presumably Old Iraniantraditions.

In Hellenic mythology and Hellenisticmystagogy it is Hermes who is the psych-agogue and psychopomp, and he bearsin his hand a Rod twined about with theSerpent Twins.

THE ALLEGORICAL GEOGRAPHY.The geography of the way down fromHyrcania to Egypt, and back again, is

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o consistent with itself (18-20, 69-71), butROBE puzzling in some of its details.GLORY. Hyrcania was the mountainous regionon the southern shores of the CaspianSea.The territory of Maishan lay between

Mesopotamia and the sea ; Maishan thecity (Forat Maishan = ? Messene) wasin all probability the chief emporium ofthe sea-borne commerce of Babyloniaand the West with India, and layslightly to the south of the present-dayBasra.

Babylonia was the Tigris-Euphratesvalley.Sarbug is a puzzle,. The best solutionseems to be that it stands for the City

of Babylon itself. Now, strangelyenough, the Greek, in both traditions,renders Sarbug by the " Labyrinth."This may possibly refer to the labyrinthof the streets of the great city. But itmay also preserve for us a hint of howthe geography was allegorized by theGnostic exegetes ; for " The Labyrinth "

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was a technical term of the Gnosis, as N QFmay be seen from a fine Naassene Hymn, THE RQBEtwo lines of which, referring to the soul, OF GLORY,run as follows :

" Now is born, with no way out for her ;in misery

She enters in her wandering theLabyrinth of ills." (H. i. 191).

Whatever the precise situation of theotherwise unknown Sarbug may havebeen, it must be very patent to theMystic that the Gnostic poet intendedit for a certain stage of the descent ofthe soul, or spiritual mind, into theregions of manifestation.Hoffmann (pp. 289 ff.) has attemptedan interpretation on these lines. TheWay of the Soul, he says, leads from (i)

Heaven as the God-realm, through (2)the Firmament, to (3) the Earthcorresponding with the three natures ofman : spirit, soul, and body.

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He further sets forth a diagrammaticHE OFROBE representation as follows :GLORY.

N=The Region of the Ineffable, theMountain of the Gods, Hyrcania.This is the Over-world or Pleroma.E =The Heaven of the Fixed Stars,

.Ether, the Midst, the Virgin ofLight (of P.S.).Between this and the Earth comesthe Boundary of the Over-worldand the World ( =S), or Maishan.

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Next comes the Earth-heaven or THEFirmament, Babel. ? NROBE

W =Egypt, the Earth and the Under- OF GLORY.world.This seems to me a somewhat too

elaborate scheme ; but if it can stand, itstrengthens the case for priority of thescheme underlying the Pistis Sophia toour Poem.Maishan is the Mart of the Merchantsof the East, and therefore should represent the borders or limit of the materialworld, or hylic cosmos, its uttermostregion upwards.

Babel-land and Sarbug would thusstand for the state or states lying betweenthe region of direct commerce with theEast (or Light-world) that is, theregion of the Heaven-world or Elysiumand the Earth-state.These are presumably the states ofthe Middle Distance that is, Hades;

for in 1. 50 we are told that the Letteris sealed :


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THE " Gainst the Children of Babel, theHYMN OF vi^/1THE ROBE wicked,OF GLORY. The tyrannical Daimons of Sarbug."

These are presumably under the rule ofthe Prince of the Powers of the (Lower)Air.

The rest of our space may now bedevoted to a few notes of detail, and toan endeavour to suggest some considerations of a mystical nature that may be ofinterest to those who delight in suchstudies, on the ground that the wholePoem is concerned with the mystery of theLight-spark, or Spiritual Man, or Son-ship, or Christ-nature.

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NOTES.The opening words seem to suggest,from the human point of view, the Birth

of the Christ-nature and its state beforeit descends into manifestation, or dropsinto personality.The "little child" may be taken todenote the Light-spark (or Atmic ray),as it was symbolically termed by theGnostics ; in itself it is no " spark," butthe potentiality of the Fulness (Pleroma)itself. To aid our dim intuition it maybe regarded as " born " onto the planeof the spirit from the ever-divine statesof the Fatherhood and Motherhood, ofDivine Light and Life.

" Little child," or " little one," meansalso a certain stage in initiation, whenthe man below, the personal man, isbringing to birth, that is to consciousness,the spiritual or Christ nature in himself.

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It is characterized by purity, innocenceOT?ROBE (harmlessness), spiritual

instinct (not mindGLORY, in its ratiocinative mode), childlikeness.In our Poem, however, it is not the manwho is speaking, but the Spark or Son-

ship.The " Father s Kingdom " is the stateof Atman, and the " House " is spiritualPersonality or Individuality, the Homeof the Higher Self.

2 It is a state of Bliss, the activities ofthe Child are of the nature of Bliss ; andthe " Upringers," or Nurturers, are theArms of the Divine Life in which theChild is cradled. "Wealth" and "Glories"are characteristics of the Kingdom. TheNurturers, as Nurses of the Divine Infant,might be perhaps more appropriatelycharacterized by " fulness " and " rich-

" From the East." " East " often doesnot so much refer to a particular stateor a definite plane ; it indicates rather a

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direction, which connotes as it were thepower of cutting directly through planes. THE ROBEBirth from the East is not so much a OF GLORY.birth via planes, that is a stirring ofmatter, as an inner way of immediatearrival. But in the text it does not seemto be used in such a precise sense.The " Treasure " seems to denote the 4

Jewels, that is, the sensesor instincts, of

the Spiritual Mind. There was a certain" binding up " of it ; this suggests thefirst defining of space or limitation ofthe Spirit.

It was " large " and " light," spaciousbut as yet not heavy or possessed ofgravity, that is tension or relation topersonal environment.The Treasure was carried in the "heart " 5

of the man ; that is, in the innermost sub-ftance of his nature.

" Land of Gilan." The Geli (ol TjXoi) 6were a people who inhabited the district

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OF now ca^ec^ Gflan, on the south-westROBE shore of the Caspian. Bevan, however,GLORY, prefers " land of the upper ones," andthe Greek has it also.

Ganzak, or Gazzak, was a district inAtropatene (Adharbaijan).The Greek has: " Gold of the greattreasures uncoined."

7 Kushan is perhaps Kashan in Persia,north of Ispahan.8 It may be that a precise symbolism,connected with the nature of the perfected " formal mind," may be hiddenunder the names of the precious stones,some of which are of uncertain trans

lation. They would thus suggest a purevesture of a formal nature, corresponding with the mineral kingdom, with whichthe soul or self is equipped or furnished.The Greek glosses the Robe as "ofgold tissue with jewels incrusted."It is of " Gold " and " Silver "; thatis, has " Sun " and " Moon " powers.

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" Chalcedonies," or " Agates," are a THE ^ ^puzzle ; but the " iris-hued," or iridescent, THE ROBEcolouring well represents the shimmer of OF GLORY,all colours of the pure " glory," or purified" aura."

The Greek has " pearls " for "iris-hued[stones]."

All this is " bound " to the spiritualman by the power of the hardest of allthe precious stones.He is " armed " with it, according tothe Greek. Compare " Armour ofSounding Light " of The ChaldceanOracles, ii. 45.Whether or not there is in the term

" Adamant " (Diamond) a play on theAdamas (Adam, the Primal Man) of theMysteries, must be left to the decisionof the reader. It is of interest, however, inthis connection to set down a passagefrom the Naassene Document. Referringto the allegorical " Rock " to which thesouls cling in the Odyssey, the Jewishcommentator writes :


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OF " ThC R Ck meanS Adamas ThisROBE is : * The Corner stone which I insertGLORY, in the Foundation of Zion." By this [Foundation] he [Isaiah]means the plasm of man." (H. i. 161.)

10 " Purple Mantle." Purple is a sign ofroyalty ; for our Poet is singing of a RoyalSoul. (See The Chaldcean Oracles, ii. 74.)Hoffmann makes the Mantle or Toga =anima naturaliter divina. Compare 1. 26 :" And my rank did long for its nature."" Stature " is in its root-sense a " stand

ing upright," and may be compared withthe idea of Him " who has stood, stands,and shall stand " of The Great Announcement. (See The Gnostic Crucifixion, p.41.) It is the Spiritual Mind of man, hisinner steadfastness and stability, and hisown measurement and monument.

11 The " Compact," or Covenant or Ordinance, may be compared with the words

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of one of the Hymns of the Sophia (P.5.64) : THE ROBEOF GLORY.

"Thy Commandment [or Statute], (OLight,) hath brought me Below, andI am descended like a Power of Chaos ; myPower hath grown cold in me."

It was written " in the heart " (cf.1. 55). This means, mystically, writtenin the spiritual " blood " of the man, inthe life-substance of him, in the veryatoms of his substance. It was notengraved on the mind, but written deepdown in the heart, so that it should notbe forgotten.Memory is connected with past, present,and future ; but this record could not bereally wiped out even when time shouldbe no more.The " Pearl " is the Living Gnosis, or 12

again the self-realization of the Logos inman, or again the " Kingdom of Heaven,"or rather the " Kingship of the Heavens."

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OF ^ut wky S^OU^ these living ideas beROBE symbolized by a " pearl " a preciousGLORY, thing, yet the product of disease ?If we may be permitted to speculateon the further meaning of a physical

fact not known to the ancient Gnostics,we might suggest that Living Gnosis cannot be gained without the help of theOpposing Powers, the mystical Adversary.

Gnosis from one point of view is theunion of the spiritual and personal man.When the spiritual self would attain toDivine consummation, there must be adescent into the spheres of personality,where people and things live, so to speak,within " shells." The spiritual man hasto " steal " from within the Great Shell,or from within the shell side of things,that most precious gem which is theproduct of self-will or " disease " thatis of the " Opposer."This mystery may also be called a" pearl " because, on the substance sideof things, the man in whom Gnosis isborn, or who is born in Gnosis, is for ever

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after wrapped in a pearly Glory, or his THEsubstance becomes pearl-like to the THE^OBEopened eye of the seer. OF GLORY.The oyster, or " jelly fish " or plasm,is the " shell " of personality, is the manof " flesh," or unevolved buddhic substance. The Impersonal Spirit, or Atman,at an earlier stage of evolution, descendsand stirs this substance to create, broodsover it, and it creates a " pearl," whichfrom the personal and selfish point ofview is not at first advantageous to the

jelly fish."This " pearl " again, later on, is a puresubstance or ichor which the buddhicnature creates or secretes when Atmanbegins to energize in the man.The " loud-breathing Serpent " is 13

Typhon, the Opposer ; the Lord of thepassions or opposing forces of the planesof form.The Greek has " the Serpent the

Swallower," and Hoffmann has " poison-breathed."

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HYMN OF ê " êa " * s> * course ê Ocean ofHE ROBE Genesis, the manifested planes, or statesF GLORY, of manifestation ; it is the Ocean oflife-and-death, or repeated birth, theEver-becoming, the Samsara of theBrahmans and Buddhists. The " poison,"if " poison-breathed " is the correcttranslation, reveals Typhon (Apepi) ; itis the cause of the " disease " operatedby the Opposer.

14 The Pearl is thus again perfectedroot-form, or the " permanent atom "of experience, so to speak, to which theRobe of Glory and Mantle of Royaltycan be attached, and so union be achievedbetween the upper and lower.The Robe is the Cosmic Texture ofLight and Life, and is stamped and sealedby the Great Name of the SpiritualIndividuality.

15 " Thy Brother," as we have seen in thecomments (p. 45), means from one pointof view the Demiurgic or Architectural or

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Building Power, in an inner mystical sense THEthe Obedient Opposer of Life, own Twin THE ROBEto Atman. In a still more mysterious OF GLORY.sense that is not brought out in our Poem,Atman, the Christ, may be said to go toseek His lost Brother (in the ChristianizedGnosis this was generally His lost Sisteror Spouse, the Sophia or Wisdom) ;they unite in the Mystery of the SacredMarriage or At-one-ment, and becomeHeir of Infinity and Eternity.The Christ descends and carries offor saves the Pearl, thus attaching Himselfto the Pure Essence, purified by suffering,born of the energy of the Opposer withinform, and so wins the way back to theKingdom. The Opposer is Next-in-rankto God.

It has been suggested that because ofthis " twin " idea our Poem has been veryappropriately inserted into the Acts ofJudas Thomas, that is, of Judas the Twinof Jesus ; and certainly this hiddenmysticism of Judas the Twin and Judasthe Betrayer was highly elaborated by

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THE the Gnostics, so that we even find traces?HE NROBE of a Gospel of Judas.OF GLORY.16 The " Couriers," or Messengers (lit.

Letter-carriers, Per. Parwankin), are, inone sense, a Twin-Ray from the Mind ofthe Master of all masterhood, BoundlessLight, the true Father-Mother of theSoul that is striving to bring itself tobirth.

17 The " Way " from the " East," in itsmore immediate mystical meaning, denotes a direct path through matter bymeans of a Ray of the True Sun, of thenature of a " lightning-flash," as set forthso graphically in the mystery-poem knownas The Chaldcean Oracles (II. 19) ; it" blazes " directly through matter, anddoes not meander through the labyrinthof the planes. In our Poem, however,there is a descent through planes orstates.Maishan perhaps connotes the plane

of the Quintessence or One Element78


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(Buddhi), the complement and source of THEHYMN OFTHE ROBEThe Land of Babel suggests presumably OF GLORY.the confused sounds (the confusion oftongues) of the personal " astral " oremotional state ; and the walls of Sarbugmay stand for the city of the personalformal mind, the labyrinth of personal-mind-made planes.Thereon comes the plunge into the

physical body (Egypt), when the directguidance of the Twin-Ray ceases for atime.

In mystical physiology this Serpent 21may signify something within the "blood,"or perhaps the " elemental essence,"which must sleep, or be quieted, beforethe heavenly ichor can be born, or the"

pearl," the real root-purity within form,be detached from the downward current,and attached again to Atman. CompareA Mithriac Ritual (p. 28) :"For that a man/, N.N., Son of

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r N -N - (fem ) born of tne mortal wombrlYMN Ur ^ AT AT /? \ -ir ,_ROBE / *V- (/^w.) and of spermatic ichor,OF GLORY, yea of this ichor, which at Thy Hands today hath undergone the transmutation of

re-birth [or birth from Above] one,from so many tens of thousands, transformed to immortality in this same hour,by God s good pleasure, of God transcendent Good , [a man, I say] presumesto worship Thee, and supplicates withwhatsoever power a mortal hath."Compare this with the ancient readingof the Great Utterance at the Mystical

Baptism Rite :" Thou art my Beloved Son ; this dayhave I begotten thee I "The " lodging " is, literally, a " lodging-

place for travellers"

that is to say, aninn, or caravanserai. The Greek hassimply "den " or "hole." And here wemay call to mind the following paragraph

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from Hippolytus* summary of Valentinianj , HYMN OFdoctrine : THE ROBEOF GLORY.

" And this material man is, accordingto them, as it were, an inn, or dwelling-place, at one time of the soul alone, atanother time of the soul and daimonianexistences [elemental essences], at anotherof the soul and words [logoi, or angelsor reasonable essences] which are wordssown from Above from the CommonFruit of the Pleroma [the Christ] andWisdom [the Divine Mother] into thisworld, dwelling in the body of claytogether with the soul, when daimonsceased to cohabit with her." (F. p. 352).

This is the body in Egypt, or thehylic world or cosmos of gross matter.As the original Jewish writer of thecanonical Apocalypse tells us (Rev. xi. 7, 8):

" * The Beast that ascendeth out of theAbyss shall make war with them, * andovercome them, and slay them.

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And their carcase [shall lie] in theNROBE Street f the Great City which is sPiritu-GLORY, ally called Sodom and Egypt."

To which the Christian over-writeradds :

" Where also our Lord was crucified."Who this noble youth from the East24 may be mystically, I am unable precisely

to conjecture, unless it refers to the" voice of conscience," the spiritual tendencies in the natural man. The reader,however, may be reminded of the supposition in the Preamble (p. 13), thathistorically it may be autobiographical.Preuschen interprets it in terms of theGospel-story ; the Son being the Christ,and the noble youth Jesus. But thisdoes not work out.

28 I have adopted the reading of Nicetas;the Syriac " I warned him " seemshopelessly confusing.

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Before the true reunion can take place, 32not only must the " evil one " be " saved,"but the " saviour " must be " lost," anddealt with " treacherously "; the Christmust be "betrayed." Without this therewould not be perfect balance. It is theformal mind that betrays.The "food" is the "food of theworld

" of P.S. 346 ; compare also thepassage (ibid. 282) :" And the Babe eateth of the Delights

[or Food-stuffs] of the World of theRulers ; and the Power absorbeth fromthe portion of the Power which is in theDelights ; and the Soul absorbeth fromthe portion of the Soul that is inthe Delights ; and the Counterfeit Spiritabsorbeth from the portion of the Evilwhich is in the Delights and in its desires ;whilst the Body absorbeth from theunperceptive Matter (Hyle) which is inthe Delights."With the forgetfulness, or oblivion,

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induced by the Victuals, or Delights,ROBE compare a passage from one of the Hymns

GLORY, of Repentance of the Sophia (P.S. 63) :" They have taken away my Light,and my Power is dried up." I have forgotten my Mystery which

I performed from the beginning."

Because of the din [or confusion] ofthe Fear and Power of Arrogant [theOpposer, the Serpent of self-interest],my Power hath failed me."The " draught of oblivion," or forget-

fulness, is also described at length in thePistis Sophia (see, for instance, pp. 281,385).

35 The "weight of their victuals" is paralleled in P.S. (281) by the " very heavyweight of forgetfulness."

In a wider and more mystical sensethe food that Atman now eats has todo with the formal mind in the mode ofsubject and object ; thus is its simplicity

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differentiated, and it becomes food andj.N opfood-eater, and so is brought down into THE ROBEtime and objects ; and then the curse of OF GLORY.memory and forgetfulness begins, and thetrue natural instinctual awareness of the

Spirit sleeps.The spiritual germ has now becomeembedded in man and is fast asleep insubstance ; and a great impulse, anearthquake, is required to arouse it andawake it from the dead.For " And this is the counsel they came 39

to," Bevan gives : " So they wove a planon my behalf."If

"

plan"

is the key-word, then,taking it in conjunction with the ideaof the Letter to which every Prince, orNoble, set his Name, we may hazardthe conjecture that, in one sense, it maybe taken as referring to the mystery ofre-incarnation ; it suggests the weaving,out of all previous lives, some sort of aplan or destiny, stamped with the Nameof every Prince.


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The Princes may be thought of asROBE "facets" of the King; they representGLORY, the " faces " or " personae

" of theSpiritual Mind, or Highest Self. Theywould thus stand for not all the priorexistences of the man, but rather suchlives as had been able to manifest someportion of that Spiritual Mind.The Letter might thus be said to bewoven out of the " substance" of previouslives, to which each proper person or facetof the spiritual Wholeness supplies its dueshare. This immediately attracts thesoul in its last incarnation, for it isitself.

This Letter or Plan, woven out of thepermanencies of a man s previous_ incarnations, is sealed by the Father of Atman,so that it shall not be torn to pieces asit descends through the regions or planes.It would naturally have a tendency tobe scattered ; its substance would naturally remain on the plane of substance,its mind-tendencies on the plane ofmind ; but that would be to be no more

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permanencies from all the planes, the THEfruitage of experience. THE*ROBEThese are now gathered together into OF GLORY,one Plan which is sealed by the Father

of universals, or wholenesses or monadsor aeons, and so it continues to be wholeeven until it reaches the man, " rightdown " on the physical plane or in hisnatural body ; and that is how wholenessin consciousness is born. It is a sort ofgerm of wholeness.

" King of kings." Compare Rev. xix. 4116 :" And He hath in His Vesture and onHis Thigh a Name written : King of

kings and Lord of lords."* Remember thy glorious Robe," and 46

" The Book of the Heroes." CompareRev. iii. 5 :" He who thus conquereth [by not

defiling his garments] shall be clothed in87


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THE White Robes, and I will not blot hisTHE ROBE Name out of the Book of Life "OF GLORY.

Every man has his " book " and thereis a Great Book. See Rev. xx. 12 :

" And I saw the Dead, the great andthe little, standing in the Presence ofthe Throne, and [their] books wereopened [Dan. vii., 10]. And anotherBook was opened, which is [The Book]of Life [Dan. xii., i]."

5i The Eagle, or Hawk, was the name ofthe highest grade of the Mithriaca theFathers. See A Miihriac Ritual (p. 18),where the Father s prayer ends :

" So that I, Eagle as I am, by my ownself may soar to Heaven, and contemplateall things."

The Eagle-letter which may beparalleled with the Descent of the Dovein the Baptism-Mystery flew in the air

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the Bright ^Ether of the Supernal_Realms, MN OFor the state of Divine Breath (Atman) ; THE ROBEas it contacted the inmost or spiritual OF GLORY*plasm of the man, his Buddhic nature,or the nature of his Depth, the Depth ofhis substance, it became " all sound " or"all speech."The Buddhic nature is the Quintessence or One Element, the Aither or^Ether, the Shining One ; just as inSanskrit A-kasha is par excellence theVery Shining One, and its root-characteristic is " sound."

It was a true Bath-Kol, or Voice fromHeaven, as the mystical Rabbis calledit. Lit. Bath-Kol = Daughter of theVoice ; that is to say, Echo of the Wordor Name.

This Voice is the Inner Voice, the Voice 53Within, the Voice of the Silence. The" sound of its winging," or

" the soundof its rustling," suggest another greatsymbol : the rustling or the activities ofthe "leaves" (powers and permanencies)

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THE on the man s true "Tree of Life," asROBE the wind or Divine Breath stirs them,

OF GLORY, thus awaking them to true activityand life.54 " I took it and kissed it," etc. Therebythe two united ; the " seal " which held

it together as a wholeness was " loosed,"and there was union. The Plan andHeart united, atom matched atom in" Mind " and " Blood." The Intelligiblemarried the Sensible, and the Christ wasborn, the Eternal Memory.

55 " E en as it stood in my heart writ."It is written by the Scribe of the Gods,Thoth the Divine, the Tongue andHeart of the Eternal. Compare //. Cor.iii., 2 :

" Ye are our Letter written in ourhearts."

62 " Filthy and unclean garments " thatis, the man s unrhythmic " bodies " or

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rather " vehicles." He leaves his per- THEsonal-plane garments or vehicles behind THE^OBEon each plane, like a butterfly leaving his OF GLORY.grub-case ; only these do not die, or gointo trance, they go on with their " filthy "or " daily " duties. They are the bodiesof " dross." (See The Chaldcean Oracles,ii. 38).

His Great Plan, or Spiritual Mind-and- 64Substance, goes on before, precedesand proceeds. Its Voice or Life is itsfeminine power that awakens and bringsto birth ; its Light is its masculinepotency that guides, controls, ordersthe mode that happens after the awakening or resurrection.The " fabric of silk " and " letters of 66red " suggest Buddhic substance andAtmic radiance.Burkitt translates :" For it began to make its silken foldsto glow."

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69 And so the " Spark " passes " up " or" in " through the planes, though indeedit does not move ; the Spark becomes aFlame. It is the life and journey of aSpark and not of any man-neophyte ;though of course the life and journey ofany initiate would have many thingsin common.

70 " The meeting-place of the merchants."This and the next line seem to be adoublet.

72 Father-Mother, the Supreme Mystery,give the Glory-Robe of Spiritual Lifeand Light to the Twin-Powers of SpiritualMind, to bestow it on the returningVictor (or Prodigal) ascending the SacredWay in Triumph.The Robe is sent down from Hyrcania,which for the Parthians was the Mountof the Gods, the Height of Heaven, theirMeru.

76 " The Glory looked like my own self."92


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This is the same idea as that which E nni r T i j.1^ HYMN Urunderlies the mirror-play of lacchos, the THE ROBEYoung Bacchus of the Mysteries. Com- OF

GLORY.pare also //. Cor. iii. 18 :

" With unveiled face mirroring theGlory of the Lord, we are transformedinto the same Likeness [or Image] fromGlory to Glory as by the Breath of theLord."

Burkitt translates :" Myself I saw as in a glass before my

face."

When the illuminated neophyte first 77sees the Self in all things, he sees it ashimself reflected in all things. This isa great danger for many.

" The King of Kings Image " suggests 86that originally the Embroidered Robehad been woven by the Mother only;93


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HYMN OF kut now i* is stamped all over with theTHE ROBE Ima e or Likeness of the Father.OF GLORY.87 " With Sapphires." Compare Ezekiel

i. 26 :" And above the Firmament that was

over their heads was the likeness of aThrone as the appearance of a sapphirestone : and upon the likeness of theThrone was the likeness as the appearance of a Man upon it."And also Exodus xxiv. 10 :" And they saw the God of Israel :and there was under His Feet as it were a

paved work of sapphire stone, as it werethe Body pf Heaven in his clearness."88 " The Motions of Gnosis." There is a

suggestion here of a certain dramaticstate of consciousness where, by theman s own activities, he talks to himself.The Robe is as it were the one uniting

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substance, or quintessence, which holds jN Qpall things in its embrace, and with it THE ROBEcomes the idea of reflection from oneself OF GLORY,onto it ; so that when the illuminedseer contemplates it all the activities ormotions of any object become knowledges,or everything seems to stir as if to speak,or become vocal, so that by these activities vital knowledge or gnosis is increased.It is the self talking to the self by meansof action.

I follow Burkitt s emended version in Qihis review of Preuschen.

" The Glory of Him who had sent it." 99Compare Rev. xxi. 23 :" For the Glory of God did lighten it

[the Heavenly City], and the Lamb isthe Lamp thereof."The Greek " sweet-sounding " is 103rendered by Hoffmann as "water-organs,"and he refers to Rev. i. 15 :

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" And His Voice as the sound of manyROBB waters."OF GLORY.And also Rev. xix. 6 :" And I heard as it were the Voice of a

great multitude, and as the Voice ofmany waters, and as the Voice of mightythunderings, saying, Alleluia !

"

And again Jeremiah li. 16, 55 :" When He uttereth His Voice there is

a multitude of waters."" Because the Lord hath spoiled

Babylon, and destroyed out of her theGreat Voice ; when her waves do roarlike great waters, a noise of their voiceis uttered."

104 Professor Burkitt writes :" The remains of yet another stanza


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of the Hymn appear in Syriac. Only THE N opthree lines are preserved ; one is untrans- THE ROBElateable, the second is utterly unmetrical, OF GLORY.and the third which appears to be theconcluding line of the Poem containsa very doubtful word. Probably thecopy used by the editor who inserted theHymn in The Acts of Thomas was badlydamaged at the end. The fragments,thus completed, seem to be genuine,for we almost require some mention ofthe Pearl at the end of the Poem. Icannot attempt to venture the two missing lines, but the general sense appearsto be as follows : "

Now, while with acclamation all Hiscourts resound,

I wait until His gracious Promise befulfilled :

That with Him to the Royal Council Ishould go,And with my Pearl appear before themat His side.

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HYMN OF Whatever may be its precise inter-THE ROBE pretation and the Mystic at any rateOF GLORY, knows that in vita, things there cannotpossibly be one formal interpretationonly there will be few who will notadmit that this ancient Poem of theGnosis is beautiful. For ourselves, weend with the hope that, when it is betterknown, no few may find it inspiring andilluminating also.

Note. Journal of Theological Studies(London, April, 1908), vol. ix. No. 35,p. 473, in a review by C. H. W. Johnsof Emil Behren s Assyrisch-babylonischeBriefe Kultischen Inhalts aus Sargoniden-zeit (Leipzig, 1906) :

"The mention of Nabu s writing theCredit on account of the King and hissons in the * Book of life to last for everis noteworthy. Deeply interesting are thepilgrimages of the King s double andthe royal cloak (or pallium ?)."


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