gs1 logistic label...2. benefits from using the gs1 system and the gs1 logistics label gs1 system...
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All contents copyright © GS1 Portugal 2016 Page 1 to 56
GS1 Logistics Label Standards and National Market Specifications
,
GS1 Logistic Label Standards and National Market Specifications
Version 1.2, Final, November 2016
The Global Language of Business
All contents copyright © GS1 Portugal 2016 Page 2 to 56
GS1 Logistics Label Standards and National Market Specifications
Document Summary
Document Valor current
Document name GS1 Logistics Label – Standards and National Market
Specifications
Date of last modification November
Current document number Version 1.2
Status Final
Document description
This document aims to provide recommendations and good
practices using the GS1 Logistics Label in the Portuguese National
Market
Contributors
Name Organization
Arnaldo Oliveira BACARDI MARTINI
Artur Andrade GS1 PORTUGAL
Carlos Cardoso INTERMARCHÉ
Cátia Gouveia GS1 PORTUGAL
Cristina Sousa JERÓNIMO MARTINS
Diogo Domingues L´OREAL
Fernando Silva NOBRE
Filipe Esteves GS1 PORTUGAL
Helena Figueira NÉSTLE
Henrique Cota LOGIC
João Simões BEIERSDORF
Joaquim Custódio SOVENA
Jorge Andrade SOVENA
Jorge Correia UNICER
José Aleixo JOHNSON & JOHNSON
José Fonseca SONAE
Luís Alves BEIERSDORF
Luís Branco DANONE
Luís Silva STEF
Marcos Carreira GS1 PORTUGAL
Marília Silva UNICER
Nuno Miranda GS1 PORTUGAL
Leonor Afonso AUCHAN
Patrícia Alonso SALVESEN LOGÍSTICA
Paulo Silva DHL
Pedro Ferreira SOCIEDADE CENTRAL DE CERVEJAS E BEBIDAS
Rui Rua JERÓNIMO MARTINS
Silvério Paixão GS1 PORTUGAL
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GS1 Logistics Label Standards and National Market Specifications
Disclaimer On the date of publication, the information provided in this document is in line with the content of the GS1
General Specifications, Version 16 of January 2016. However, in response to technological developments
and/or business/legal needs, this may be updated and the updates will be published in due course.
While every effort has been made to ensure that the GS1 Standards contained in this document are correct,
GS1 Portugal and any other partners involved are exempted from any liability, direct or indirect, for related
loss and damage due to the poor use/interpretation thereof.
Products and names of companies mentioned can be brands and/or registered trademarks of the respective
companies.
Acknowledgments The development of the present document was made by the “GS1-128 Work Group”, having as base
guideline the original English document “Standard International Logistic Label – STILL”, developed by GS1
GO and the remaining participant members as referred in the original document.
GS1 Portugal would like to thank both, the authors of the original document by providing an extraordinary starting point and to its own members involved in the GS1-128 Work Group for their valuable assistance
and collaboration in the creation of this national best practices.
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GS1 Logistics Label Standards and National Market Specifications
Contents
1. Introduction ......................................................................................................... 6
2. Benefits from using the GS1 System and the GS1 Logistics Label........................ 6
3. The difference between numbering and barcoding .............................................. 7
4. Unique identification of trade items ..................................................................... 8
4.1. GTIN (Fixed Measures)................................................................................................. 8
4.1.1. Consumer unit identification ................................................................................. 8
4.1.2. Transport box unit identification ........................................................................... 8
4.2. RCN (Variable Measures) ............................................................................................ 10
4.2.1. Consumer unit identification ............................................................................... 10
4.2.2. Transport box unit identification ......................................................................... 11
5. SSCC for unique identification of logistics units ................................................. 13
5.1. Using SSCC advantages (ISO 15459) .......................................................................... 14
5.2. Good practices for SSCC allocation .............................................................................. 14
5.2.1. SSCC management and traceability throughout the supply chain ........................... 14
6. GS1-128 Symbology (EAN/UCC 128) ................................................................. 16
6.1. GS1-128 Symbology main benefits .............................................................................. 16
6.2. Application Identifiers (AI) .......................................................................................... 17
7. GS1-128 Logistics Label ..................................................................................... 18
7.1. Legal Regulation ........................................................................................................ 19
7.2. Party responsible for the content of the Logistic Label ................................................... 19
7.3. Homogeneous Pallets ................................................................................................. 19
7.3.1. GS1 Log ........................................................... istics Label structure (Homogeneous
Pallets) 19
7.3.2. GS1 Logistics Label mandatory and optional data ................................................. 22
7.3.3. Portuguese Nacional Market good practices and examples ..................................... 24
7.3.4. Logistics label dimensions .................................................................................. 29
7.4. Heterogeneous Pallets ................................................................................................ 30
7.4.1. GS1 Logistics Label Structure (Heterogeneous Pallets) .......................................... 30
7.4.2. Recommendation for the National Market (Heterogeneous Pallets) ......................... 31
7.5. Transport Boxes ........................................................................................................ 36
7.6. Placement of the Logistics Label .................................................................................. 37
7.6.1. On Pallets......................................................................................................... 37
7.6.2. On Transport Boxes ........................................................................................... 38
7.7. Quality Test .............................................................................................................. 39
8. Appendix 1 – GS1 Technical Components ........................................................... 40
8.1. GTIN ........................................................................................................................ 40
8.2. RCN ......................................................................................................................... 41
8.3. SSCC ....................................................................................................................... 43
8.4. GS1-128 Symbology .................................................................................................. 44
9. Appendix 2 – Application Identifiers List and Relationships .............................. 46
10. Appendix 3 – Glossary of Terms ......................................................................... 53
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11. Appendix 4 – FAQ ............................................................................................... 55
List of Figures
Figure 1. SSCC vs. GS1-128 ......................................................................................... 7
Figure 2. Example of GTIN consumer unit identification ............................................. 8
Figure 3. Examples of GTIN-14 transport cases identification .................................... 9
Figure 4. Example of RCN consumer unit identification ............................................ 11
Figure 5. Example of GTIN-14 transportation box identification ............................... 12
Figure 6. Examples of SSCC logistic units identification (pallets) ............................. 13
Figure 7. Use of the SSCC in the supply chain ........................................................... 15
Figure 8. Maintaining the SSCC throughout the supply chain .................................... 15
Figure 9. Example of a SSCC encoded in GS1-128 symbology ................................... 16
Figure 10. Extract from the Application Identifiers List ............................................ 17
Figure 11. GS1 Logistics Label ................................................................................... 20
Figure 12. Table of Application Identifiers recommended by the Portuguese business
sector and by GS1 Portugal ....................................................................................... 23
Figure 13. Bacardi Martini Portugal Logistics Label example .................................... 24
Figure 14. Danone Portugal Logistics Label example ................................................ 25
Figure 15. XPTO Produção e Comercialização de Produtos Agrícolas Logistics Label example ..................................................................................................................... 26
Figure 16. Nobre Alimentação Logistics Label example ............................................ 27
Figure 17. Desmanchas Portuguesas Logistics Label example .................................. 28
Figure 18. A6 Logistics Label dimensions examples .................................................. 29
Figure 19. Heterogeneous pallet Logistics Label example ......................................... 30
Figure 20. Cross-docking heterogeneous pallet Logistics Label example (national
market) ..................................................................................................................... 31
Figure 21. Multiple Destination Heterogeneous Pallets example – Scenario 1 .......... 32
Figure 22. Multiple Destination Heterogeneous Pallets example – Scenario 2 .......... 33
Figure 23. Multiple Destination Heterogeneous Pallets example – Scenario 3 .......... 33
Figure 24. Packing list structure for the multiple destination heterogeneous pallet –
Scenario 3 .................................................................................................................. 34
Figure 25. Multiple Destination Heterogeneous Pallets example – Scenario 4 .......... 35
Figure 26. Example of a label for transport boxes ..................................................... 36
Figure 27. GS1 Logistics Label placement on pallets ................................................. 37
Figure 28. GS1 Logistics Label placement on transport boxes .................................. 38
Figure 29. Application Identifiers by numeric order .................................................. 46
Figure 30. Mandatory associations of Application Identifiers ................................... 49
Figure 31. Invalid Combinations of Application Identifiers ....................................... 52
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1. Introduction This document aims to provide guidelines on how to identify and barcoding information on logistic
units using the GS1 Logistics Label.
It is a guide of best practices for the construction and use of the GS1 Logistics Label, aimed at bringing about a common approach, and which may serve as a point of reference for the majority
of logistic processes (reception, warehousing, preparation of orders, shipment and transportation,
cross-docking, etc.).
Based on the GS1 Standards and Guidelines, this document was developed with the support of the “GS1-128 Work Group”, whose participants represent the various business partners in the
national supply chain, including Producers, Logistics Operators, Distributors and Retailers. This
Work Group’s mission is to harmonize and create the best practices for the use of the GS1
Logistics Label and for the set of EDI (Electronic Data Interchange) GS1 Standards Messages.
All the recommendations described throughout this document come from GS1 recommendations
aligned with the needs of the Portuguese market.
2. Benefits from using the GS1 System and the GS1 Logistics Label GS1 System
The use of standards for the numbering and barcoding of trade items, logistic units, locations, assets, documents, among others, provides benefits in terms of the speed, accuracy in
information management and also generates labor savings in the handling and distribution of
goods throughout the entire supply chain. Companies should consider that the implementation
and use of GS1 Standards helps them to work efficiently with their customers and business
partners and mainly to improve their own in-house management of the supply chain.
Therefore a number of benefits are common to all the parties involved in the supply chain:
More accurate information
Real-time information
Reduced manual data entry
Improved traceability (particularly in Product Recalls)
Common identification for the whole industry and supply chain
Improved stock handling
Improved stock management
Fewer errors in the orders processing (Picking)
Fewer errors in the requests shipment
GS1 Logistics Label
The GS1 Logistics Label is a global standard for all the parties involved in the supply chain. Using
it brings the following main benefits:
Single valid identification in the whole world for the logistic units
Significant reduction in time, thanks to automatic data capture and verification in
reception and shipment
Faster and more accurate and reliable information provided to the customer during
reception, thanks to the automatic reading of the label
Reduction in time and costs thanks to the elimination of the successive labels applied by
the participants in the supply chain
Reliable data thanks to the integration of the information that is contained on the label
with the GS1 international message standards for EDI
Complete and automatic traceability throughout the logistics chain
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3. The difference between numbering and barcoding
The GS1 System makes a clear distinction between numbering and barcoding. Although in most
cases they are used together, it is very important to be clear about the difference between the
two.
Numbering
The GS1 System is based on Identification Keys (the “Numbers”) for different applications. The
application will determine how the number is to be used. The data structure of GS1 Identification
Keys provides an unmistakable universal identification. In this regard, based in a GS1 Company Prefix Code there are GS1 Identification Keys that support the identification of trade items (GTIN),
logistic units (SSCC), loads and/or shipments (GSIN), consignment (GINC), locations (GLN),
documents (GDTI), services (GSRN), individual assets (GIAI) and returnable assets (GRAI)
amongst others. Each of the GS1 Identification Key guarantees the connection between items
and the information that is associated to them.
Barcoding
All GS1 Identification Keys (“Numbers”) used in the GS1 System can be represented in data carriers, among others, the barcodes are the most used. Barcodes are a means of representing
data that can be read by computers. Reading them enables the automatic capture of the
underlying data in each barcode, i.e. when an item is handled and the barcodes are decoded
through optical scanners, the information is automatically made available to the computers.
With the improvement in technology and new application requirements, new data carriers such
as the GS1 DataBar, GS1 DataMatrix and EPC/RFID have started to be used and adopted by the industry and by the supply chain. Barcodes are usually included in the production process, and
may also be applied throughout the supply chain according to the information that needs to be
barcoded, being such of those examples the Logistics Label and the traceability information.
Note: This document starts by providing the guidelines for the identification of trade items
(consumer units, cases, pallets) and then the guidelines for barcoding of further trade items
information which can be included in the GS1 Logistics Label.
(00)356098760000000129 Identification Key (“Number”): SSCC
GS1 Barcode (“Barcoding”):
GS1-128 (EAN/UCC 128)
Figure 1. SSCC vs. GS1-128
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4. Unique identification of trade items
4.1. GTIN (Fixed Measures)
4.1.1. Consumer unit identification
The Global Trade Item Number (GTIN) is the GS1 Identification Key that clearly identifies any item (product) that can be sold, ordered or invoiced at any point of the supply chain. Each trade
item that is different from another is assigned a unique GTIN. The GTIN’s main function is to offer
a single, unique distinct identification, so that it can be located in any database, for example, to
obtain a price, record a sale, confirm a delivery or identify an order, at any point of the supply
chain anywhere in the world. If the product undergoes a change in size, color, weight, description,
etc. a new GTIN is created that corresponds to a new trade item.
Generally, GTIN-13 is composed by a country flag number followed by a company number, a
product reference and ending with a check digit.
The GTIN is used to identify consumer units and EAN-13 is the symbology to barcode GTIN-13
itself, as can be seen in the following figure:
Notes:
For further information on the format and structure of the GTIN-13 please consult
appendix 1 For further information on the dimensions and rules of EAN-13 barcoding, please consult
the document “GS1 General Specifications”
4.1.2. Transport box unit identification
A trade item can take the form of a single unit or a group of various equal single units put together
inside a corrugated cardboard box or a tray wrapped in plastic film, for packaging and transport.
For this purpose, a GTIN-14 clearly identifies a number of equal units grouped together in a transportation unit. There is the possibility of identifying different numbers of packed products
contained in different boxes through the use of a logistic variable.
The Logistic Variable is the digit that helps to differentiate the different levels of packaging of the
same product and is only used in the identification of the GTIN-14:
Digits 1 to 8 are used to identify 8 levels of homogeneous trade items groupings with
fixed measures
Digit 9 is used for trade items of variable measures (e.g. weight)
5 6 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 0 1 5
GS1 Identification Key GTIN-13: 05601234560015
In GS1 Barcode: EAN-13
Figure 2. Example of GTIN consumer unit identification
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To group together different sets of equal units in different transport cases, new GTIN’s should be created.
GTIN-14 is used to identify the transport cases of consumer units and ITF-14 or GS1-128 are two
possible symbologies for the barcoding of GTIN-14 itself, as it can be seen in the following figure:
Figure 3. Examples of GTIN-14 transport cases identification
Box with 4 units of 5601234560015
GS1 Identification Key GTIN-13: 05601234560015
GS1 Identification Key
GTIN-14: 15601234560012
GS1 Identification Key
GTIN-14: 25601234560019
Box with 6 units of 5601234560015
In GS1 Barcode: ITF-14
Box with 12 units of 5601234560015
GS1 Identification Key
GTIN-14: 35601234560016
(01)35601234560016In GS1 Barcode: GS1-128
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The GTIN is the corner stone of GS1 Identification which allows to identify items and cases inside
pallets and must be managed in the databases, following the hierarchical relationship between the different trade items of the same consumer unit.
Notes:
For further information on GTIN-14 format and structure please consult appendix 1 For further information on the dimensions and rules for barcoding ITF-14 and GS1-128,
please consult the document ““GS1 General Specifications”
4.2. RCN (Variable Measures)
4.2.1. Consumer unit identification
Consumer units with variable measures are characterized by having attributes that normally vary in two ways: products with variable weight and products of variable quantity. Restricted
Circulation Numbers (RCN’s) can be applied to identify and barcode products sold, ordered or
produced in quantities or weights that are not systematic equal.
So, a product of variable weight is one which, according to its production process or its nature,
does not have a fixed weight. Certain presentations of products like fish, meat, cheese, fruit and
vegetables, etc., can be consumer units with variable measures.
GS1 Portugal is responsible for identifying (allocate a number) to products of variable weight or
quantity that are managed by producers/manufactures.
Then, following the GS1 Standard for national (Portugal) barcoding on products of variable weight
or quantity, producers will be responsible for encoding (marking with a barcode) their products
individually, according to the numbers given by GS1 Portugal.
For retailers that wish to tell to producers/manufactures the code numbers (retailer internal reference) to use within their premises or who have own brands, the processes of identification
(numbering) and marking (barcoding), becomes of their entirely responsibility.
Portuguese legislation requires, in the retail trade, that each unit of products of variable weight
displayed for sale to be clearly marked with the price per kilo, weight and the amount to be paid
by the end consumer.
Based on the previous assumptions barcoding products of variable weight does not follow the same structure used for barcoding products of fixed measures (GTIN). Nevertheless, for variable
weight products two components will have to be necessarily considered: the weight and the price
per kilo. These data allow to determine the value of each variable weight consumer units
To encode the consumer unit public sale price:
The Producer/Supplier - use the 27 prefix followed by the 5-digits product
identification provided by GS1 Portugal-CODIPOR, plus 5-digits which represent the price with two implicit decimal places for the amount in Euros and, lastly, the check digit
calculated automatically according to the standard algorithm.
The Retailer - uses the 26 prefix 26 followed by the 5-digits product identification assigned by the retailer himself, plus 5-digits which represent the price with two implicit
decimal places for the amount in Euros and, lastly, the check digit calculated
automatically according to the standard algorithm.
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To encode the consumer unit weight:
The Producer/Supplier - uses the 29 prefix followed by the 5-digits product
identification provided by GS1 Portugal-CODIPOR, plus 5 digits which represent the
weight with three implicit decimal places for the weight in grams and, lastly, the check
digit calculated automatically according to the standard algorithm.
The Retailer - uses the 28 prefix followed by the 5-digits product identification assigned by the retailer himself, plus 5-digits which represent the weight with three
implicit decimal places for the weight in grams and, lastly, the check digit calculated
automatically according to the standard algorithm.
Note: For further information on the format and structure of the RCN please consult
appendix 1.
The RCN is used to identify variable measure consumer units and EAN-13 barcode is used to
encode the RCN in the consumer unit.
Figure 4. Example of RCN consumer unit identification
4.2.2. Transport box unit identification
To identify a transportation box that contains variable measures products, being these variable
weight, the use of the GTIN-14 identification number using the logistic variable 9 and the GS1
Company Prefix are required.
There are two ways for barcoding this type of information:
Encoding the GTIN-14 in a ITF-14 barcode
Encoding the GTIN-14 in a GS1-128 barcode, where is recommended the use of the
Application Identifiers (AI’s) to complement the information about weight and measures
The GTIN-14 is used to identify consumer units transport boxes and ITF-14 or GS1-128 are two
possible symbologies for the barcoding of GTIN-14 itself, as it can be seen in the following figure:
Identification Key RCN in the database:
02912345050009 e.g.: 5 Kilograms
In GS1 Barcode: EAN-13
2 9 1 2 3 4 5 0 5 0 0 0 9
5 Digits for representation of the weight
3 Virtual decimal places for the weight in grams
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Figure 5. Example of GTIN-14 transportation box identification
Notes:
For the alternative of barcoding the GTIN-14 in a ITF-14 the information should be
mentioned or printed on the transportation box
The GS1-128 allows to encode information about the weight of the box
For further information on the format and structure of the GTIN-14 please consult
appendix 1
For further information on the dimensions and rules for barcoding ITF-14 and GS1-128 symbologies, please consult the document “GS1 General Specifications”
Identification Key RCN in the database:
02912345050009 e.g. 5 kilograms
Box with 4 units of 2912345050009 (4 x 5 kilograms, 20 kilograms)
GS1 Identification Key GTIN-14: 95601234123459
In GS1 Barcode: ITF-14
Box with 8 units of 2912345050009 (8 x 5 kilograms, 40 kilograms)
GS1 Identification Key GTIN-14: 95601234123459
In GS1 Barcode: GS1-128
In GS1 Barcode: ITF-14
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5. SSCC for unique identification of logistics units Logistic units are items made up for transport and distribution purposes, and pallets are one of
the examples focused on throughout this section.
The Serial Shipping Container Code (SSCC) is the GS1 Identification Key used to ident ify individual logistic units. The logistic unit can be any combination of units placed together in a
box, pallet or truck, which this specific load unit needs to be handled through the supply chain.
The SSCC enables a logistic unit to be located individually, providing the benefit of tracking and
control of the order, through its delivery and automatic reception.
The only obligatory requisite is that each logistic unit is identified with a single/unique serial number, the SSCC. Scanning the SSCC barcoded in a GS1-128 symbol in each logistic unit allows
the physical movement of units to be matched with the electronic flow of information (EDI
messages) that refer to them.
The use of the SSCC for the identification of individual logistic units enables the implementation
of a variety of applications, like cross-docking, shipment and automatic reception.
Extra information, such as the data of expiry dates, batches, shipment numbers, and locations
(GLN’s), among others, can also be shown and barcode in the GS1 Logistics Label.
The SSCC acts as a single, global identifier and provides access to the information stored in the
information systems, and may be transferred through EDI.
Figure 6. Examples of SSCC logistic units identification (pallets)
Note: The SSCC’s serial reference component provides a very extensive numeric capac ity,
also guaranteeing a unique global identification.
SSCC 1
356012345600000016
SSCC 2
356012345600000023
SSCC 3
356012345600000030
(00)356012345600000016
In GS1 Barcode: GS1-128
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5.1. Using SSCC advantages (ISO 15459)
A SSCC acts as a « License Plate » from the ISO standards. In fact, ISO defined this standard to
give to each transport unit a unique identification worldwide. This standard allows every party in
the supply chain to work with multiple sectors by ensuring that each transport unit has an
unambiguous identification.
As logistic units are handled by several parties - the sender, the receiver, one or more carriers, customs authorities, etc., there is a need to identify the unit so that reference can be made to
associated information such as address, order number, contents of the unit, weight, sender, etc.
The information is often held on computer systems, and may be exchanged between parties
involved via EDI (Electronic Data Interchange).
There are considerable benefits if the identity of the unit is represented in barcode format, or
other RFID tag, and is attached to the unit so that:
It can be read electronically, thus minimizing errors One identity can be used by all parties
Each party can use the identity to look up its computer files to find the data associated
with the unit and the identify code is unique and cannot appear on any other item during
the lifetime of the unit
5.2. Good practices for SSCC allocation
As already stated the SSCC is the only compulsory data on the logistic label, and normally it will
be created by the company that is constructing the logistic unit. The best practice is that the
creator of logistic unit should use its own GS1 Company Prefix.
If the logistic unit is not marked/identified with a SSCC when it is received, the subsequent party
in the supply chain may and should allocate the SSCC. This party can be:
Shipper
Carrier or Freight Forwarder
Logistics Services Provider
Distribution Centre
…
This way logistic units have to be identified in a standardized way using a SSCC so that it can be
the key to logistical traceability.
If logistic unit is not broken or merged, it is recommended to maintain the initial SSCC throughout
the supply chain. If logistic unit is broken and then reconstituted or merged, it is a new logistic
unit. In that case, the party who create the new logistic unit has to create a new SSCC and has
to record and manage link between the initial SSCCs and the new one(s).
5.2.1. SSCC management and traceability throughout the supply chain
The important point to note is that the SSCC should remain the same for the whole lifetime of a
logistic unit. In practical life, the SSCC is allocated when the logistic unit is built.
For example: Products are manufactured, assembled and stored on pallets in the production plant. Normally the pallet label included the SSCC is applied to the pallet at the end of the
production line. The SSCC remains on the pallet unit until the pallet is split e.g. in a warehouse
or at the retailer.
The logistic unit may contain one or more labels with the same SSCC. But under no circumstances there must be different SSCC on the same logistic units simultaneously. From a traceability point
of view, keeping the same SSCC on the logistic unit through the whole supply chain, gives all
parties a common and unique reference back to the origin of the logistic unit who is responsible
for the products.
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This solution is cost efficient since the same label may be used without any cost of relabeling of the logistic units. Of course, the customer and carrier information may change through the supply
chain, and some additional labelling must be done related to this information. Furthermore, using
the same SSCC enables transparent EDI messages through the supply chain e.g. by use of
dispatch advice.
Figure 7. Use of the SSCC in the supply chain
In the above figure, the importer (Customer or the Logistics Service Provider) receives the logistic unit from the supplier with the original label and SSCC, and receives also a dispatch advice
containing the same SSCC and a specification of the products within the logistic unit. When
shipping the logistic unit to the retailer (Distribution Centre or directly to a Shop), the importer
(Customer or the Logistics Service Provider) can use the same supplier section of the logistic label (if no items were added to or removed from the logistic unit), but have to add new customer
and carrier information. He may also redirect the dispatch advice related to the information of
the logistic unit.
Reverse logistic needs also occur in the supply chain, e.g. food crises where recalls or withdraws
are to be made. For these situations it is easier to ensure the logistic unit traceability when it
keeps the same SSCC.
The SSCC is the basic identification system for the logistic units. ERP-systems should be
constructed in a way that must prevent duplicates of the SSCC’s.
Note: Under no circumstances two different logistic units can have the same SSCC
simultaneously.
Figure 8. Maintaining the SSCC throughout the supply chain
Importer
(Customer or the Logistics Service
Provider)
Retailer
(Distribution Center
Or Shop)
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6. GS1-128 Symbology (EAN/UCC 128) The GS1-128 barcode symbol has been carefully designed through joint co-operation between
GS1 and the Association for Automatic Identification and Mobility, Inc. (AIM Global).
Use of GS1-128 barcode symbols provides a high degree of security and distinguishes GS1
System Element Strings (data fields) from extraneous non-standard barcode symbols.
The GS1-128 symbology is used for GS1 Logistics Labels. This symbology, which is used exclusively for GS1 System defined data structures, is a highly refined, secure, and space efficient
alphanumeric symbology. The data carried by GS1-128 symbols must be structured using GS1
Application Identifiers (AIs). This symbology is the only one to encode the Serial Shipping
Container Code (SSCC).
Through GS1-128 it is possible to encode and capture additional data, for example referring to products. With this symbology is possible to integrate data such as expiry dates, production
batches numbers, quantities, weights, amongst other relevant data for the daily operations of
organizations. However, the data encoded in GS1-128 symbology varies according to the type of
product.
Note: The technical structure of GS1-128 symbology is detailed in Appendix 1.
6.1. GS1-128 Symbology main benefits
The main benefits associated to GS1-128 symbology came out from the use of the same barcode
by all parties involved in the supply chain, greatly facilitating communication and collaboration
between partners, given that, they all use the same language.
So, this symbology enables the requests follow-up through the SSCC leading to traceability, to
the introduction of complementary product information and also enables the concatenation of the
data in the various companies’ management systems.
In short, if GS1-128 symbology is correctly applied will provide gains through reduction of the
order cycle, which, ultimately, leads to an increase in productivity.
Figure 9. Example of a SSCC encoded in GS1-128 symbology
SSCC:
356098760000000129
(00)356098760000000129
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6.2. Application Identifiers (AI)
So that the system can recognize data that is encoded in GS1-128 barcodes, Application
Identifiers (AI’s) are used. AI’s are small, pre-defined elements that are inserted in the sequence
data of the barcode lines and which provide information on the meaning and format of the data
that follow them.
AI’s work as a list of generic codes of data fields for multiple sectors and applications in national and international supply chains. Each GS1 AI is comprised from two to four digits and provides
the definition, format and structure of the data fields encoded in a GS1-128 barcode.
Each information encoded in GS1-128 has to have an Application Identifier that determines the
data, its format and structure. Concatenation is an effective means to include various Application Identifiers in a single barcode and should be used to save space on the label and optimize the
operation of scanning/reading. GS1 Identification Keys are complemented by the GS1 Application
Identifiers.
For example:
There is a GS1 AI for each GS1 Identification Key, allowing these to be encoded in GS1-128 (e.g. GTIN, SSCC, etc.)
Additional data are always associated to a GS1 Identification Key
GS1 AI’s allow complementary data (e.g. batch, expiry date, etc.) associated to the GS1
Identification Keys
According to the type of data to be encoded there is a specific structure for the use of the different Application Identifiers. Each AI can be formed by two, three or four digits, followed by the
corresponding data field.
For example:
AI (00) – SSCC, Format n2 + n18 (00)356012345600000012
AI (10) – Batch, Format n2 + an..20 (10)abcd10x
AI (17) – Expiration Date, Format n2 + n6 (17)150201
Figure 10. Extract from the Application Identifiers List
Note: There are currently more than 150 Application Identifiers developed according business partners’ needs (appendix 2).
Furthermore, the AI’s list recommended by the Portuguese business sector can be referred
in the chapter “7.3.2. GS1 Logistics Label mandatory and optional data”, page 21.
AI’s FULL TITLE FORMAT
00 SSCC - Serial Shipping Container Code n2 + n18
01 GTIN of the Consumer Unit / GTIN of the Dispatch Unit n2 +n14
02 GTIN of Products Contained in other units (mandatory with AI 37) n2 + n14
10 Batch Code n2 + an..20
11 Production Date (YY/MM/DD) n2 + n6
13 Packaging Date (YY/MM/DD) n2 + n6
15 Best Before Date (YY/MM/DD) (best by)
n2 + n6
17 Expiration Date (YY/MM/DD) (use by) n2 + n6
37 Quantity of the trade item contained in other units (mandatory with AI 02)
n2 + n..8
400 Customer’s Purchase Order Number n3 + an..30
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GS1 Logistics Label
Standards and National Market Specifications
7. GS1-128 Logistics Label Based upon and fully compliant with the GS1 General Specifications, the GS1 Logistics Label is a
Global Standard for all parties in the supply chain. This standard enables the automatic
traceability of the logistic units, whether they are pallets or cases.
This label avoids the successive relabeling of logistic units as they move through the supply chain
and gives the advantage and benefit to use only one logistic label. The GS1 Logistic Label has to substitute the proprietary label existing with numerous (nonstandard) proprietary formats. The
GS1 logistic label contains all information necessaries for usage during reception, warehousing,
shipment and transport of goods from the picking location to the delivery point.
GS1 Logistics Label implementation addresses various needs expressed by the parties involved
in the supply chain. It ensures the link, the synchronization and the consistency between the
physical flow of goods and the information flow through the exchange of Standardized EDI messages (enhanced by GS1 eCom Standards for the exchange of electronic messages between
trade partners).
The Logistics Label is designed to accommodate the information needs of all types of good.
Below are l isted the main Benefits with the GS1 Logistic Label:
Unique worldwide identification for the logistic unit
Significant saving of time thanks to the automatic data capture and checking of the
shipment
Faster information more precise and reliable sent to the logistic service client during the
receipt thanks to the scanning of the label
Saving of time and cost thanks to the elimination of labels successively applied by each
actors in the supply chain
Enhanced information reliability thanks to the removal of multiple retranscriptions and
data capture for the same information
Linkage with the standard and international EDI messages thanks to the information
which is contained in the message
Full traceability all along the logistic chain, notably thanks to the full compatibility with
the standard ISO/IEC 15459 often referred to as the ‘ISO License Plate”.
In short, the advantages obtained from using the GS1 Logistics Label are observed in full when
the same Logistics Label is used from the point of manufacture until the dismantling of the pallet.
This simple procedure eliminates unnecessary manual operating processes, such as the print and apply labels to pallets. It leads to cost reductions, increased productivity and also the
maximization of information accuracy and quality up to its arrival to the recipient’s warehouse.
It allows automatic accounting of information that the supplier sends in the receptors information
system. This last process is only possible through standardized electronic communication.
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GS1 Logistics Label
Standards and National Market Specifications
7.1. Legal Regulation
According to many legal regulations the one who offers the product on the market is responsible
for its quality and safety. To offer on the market means to store and present goods to be sold to
clients, to deliver them as well as any other way to introduce these goods to the market, with
only exception of direct sale.
The creator of the label has to put information on the logistic label of goods subject to legal
regulations.
The GS1 Logistic Label produced by the manufacturer or on his behalf should be considered as a part of the logistic unit. It should not be damaged or destroyed in any stage in the supply chain
as long as the logistic unit remains.
7.2. Party responsible for the content of the Logistic Label
In this document, the description assumes that it is the consignor of the goods that produces the
logistic label and also applies it to the package. This may be the manufacturer or Logistics Service
Provider. Responsibility for the correctness of all the information contained on the label is
assumed to rest with the consignor.
7.3. Homogeneous Pallets
A homogeneous pallet is comprised of products of the same type, i.e. the items which make up
the pallet have the same GTIN, the same expiry date and the same batch number.
In this situation, besides the identification code of the pallet (SSCC), already explained, it is possible to encode additional data in a barcode. Data like the GTIN, and if there is an expiry date
or a batch number, etc. can be applied directly after the consolidation of a logistic unit (usually
a pallet).
Each logistic unit should have its own SSCC as a unique identification code. Bear in mind that a
logistic unit may carry one or more labels, but only one SSCC according to the GS1 System
Standard.
Note: A SSCC can be reused one year after it was created if this will not cause any problems. Some specific regulatory, industry organization specific or traceability
requirements may extend this period.
7.3.1. GS1 Logistics Label structure (Homogeneous Pallets)
The GS1 Logistics Label is made up from three blocks:
The lowest block contains the barcode information
The middle block contains human readable information reflecting barcoded data (as a
safeguard if the barcode cannot be decoded)
The top block is a free format “text box” usually used for addresses, logos, etc.
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Standards and National Market Specifications
Figure 11. GS1 Logistics Label
Note: As seen in the GS1 Logistics Label above, it is divided in three blocks. Having all the
information organized into a standard format and into three separate sections make it easier to interpret the information and process the associated units, either automatically
or manually.
(01)15601234567899(10)1061
(00)356067890000000154
SSCC
356067890000000154 GTIN
15601234567899 Batch
1061
GS1-128
Barcode
Human Readable Interpretation
Free text
Data title
Estrada do Paço do
Lumiar, Campus do Lumiar
Edifício K3 1649-038 Lisboa
To
p B
loc
k
Mid
dle
Bo
ck
L
ow
es
t Blo
ck
Human Readable
Interpretation
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GS1 Logistics Label
Standards and National Market Specifications
7.3.1.1. Top Block
The top block contains free format information (Plain/Free Text) that has no barcode symbol
equivalent and is entirely at the discretion of the labeler. This may include company specific codes
or any other type of information. Companies often put their company name in this block.
7.3.1.2. Middle Block
O The middle block is comprised by human readable interpretation equivalent to data elements
represented in barcode symbols. The information is text designed to support manual operations
and to facilitate key entry in menu driven systems, if necessary.
Regarding data content:
The entire barcoded data must be given in Human Readable Interpretation
The data content should be at least 7 mm in height
Application Identifiers (AIs) are not included in Human Readable Interpretation and are
replaced by the data titles
Example:
(00) 356067890000000154
by:
SSCC
356067890000000154
Regarding data title, it is important to understand the following aspects:
Data titles are the standard abbreviated descriptions of data fields used to denote the
Human Readable Interpretation of encoded data
They are prefixes of the Human Readable Interpretation to support manual interpretation of data fields. They can also be used adjacent to other text or barcode symbols to clarify
content, such as the word “from” adjacent to a sender’s address
Data titles should be used in English as specified in the ‘GS1 General Specifications’. In addition, data titles can be provided in the local language of the creator of the logistic unit
if necessary
Other text information may be added that refers directly to the logistic unit
Note: The data titles can be consulted in the AI’s List (appendix 2).
7.3.1.3. Lowest Block
The lower block contains the GS1-128 barcodes that represent the data shown in the middle
block.
However, it should also have human readable interpretation essentially for the following points:
As a backup key entry and diagnostic aid, a Human Readable Interpretation of each
barcode symbol shall be provided. It includes Application Identifiers and data content
To facilitate key entry, Application Identifiers (AIs) should be set apart from the data by
parentheses
The Human Readable Interpretation characters shall be no less than 3 mm high and clearly
legible below the symbol
Note: The brackets should not be encoded in the GS1-128 barcodes. A verification process
should be carried out to ensure the quality of symbol decodification.
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GS1 Logistics Label
Standards and National Market Specifications
7.3.2. GS1 Logistics Label mandatory and optional data
The SSCC is applied in the Logistics Label as the unique identifier of the logistic unit, being the
only obligatory data regardless of the product category.
It should also always be encoded in GS1-128 barcode and shown in numeric format. Thanks to
the automatic capture of the SSCC code, the parties involved in the supply chain can ensure the
logistic units traceability.
Other data can be used depending on the market needs, such as identification of the product
(GTIN), batches, best before date, order number, etc.
The list of Application Identifiers (AI) below illustrates the identifiers recommended by the
Portuguese business sector and GS1 to encode data related with products of 7 different
categories:
Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG)
Fruit and vegetables
Cured meat products
Fish
Meat
Electronic
Parapharmacy
Notes: Regarding table shown in figure 12 below, it is important to take into consideration that:
a) Only one Application Identifier AI (01) or AI (02) can be use in the same barcode.
When AI (02) is applied, AI (37) and AI (00) are mandatory.
b) Only one Application Identifier AI (15) or AI (17) should be used. To indicate only Year
and Month, the Day (DD) should be filled in with "00".
c) The fourth digit of this AI indicates the position of the decimal place
d) Applied only together with AI (02)
e) The country identification defined in the Standard ISO 3166 is applied
f) (s) Indicates the sequence of the processor in the supply chain
There are currently more than 140 Application Identifiers developed according business
partners’ needs (appendix 2).
Considerations for data encoding in GS1 Logistics Label:
Maximum of 48 characters, per barcode line up to a maximum width limit
of 165mm
Fixed data fields should be placed to the left of the barcode (e.g. GTIN,
Experition date)
The SSCC should be placed in the lowest barcode line
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Standards and National Market Specifications
Figure 12. Table of Application Identifiers recommended by the Portuguese business sector and by GS1 Portugal
AI’s Notes FULL TITLE FORMAT FMCG
Fruit and
vegetables
Cured meat
products Fish Meat Electronics Parapharmacy
00 SSCC - Serial Shipping Container Code n2 + n18 ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
01 (a) GTIN of the Consumer Unit / GTIN of the Dispatch Unit n2 +n14 ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
02 (a) GTIN of the Products Contained in other units
(mandatory with AI 37) n2 + n14 ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
10 Batch Code n2 + an..20 ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
11 (b) Production Date (YY/MM/DD) n2 + n6 ● ● ●
13 (b) Packaging Date (YY/MM/DD) n2 + n6 ● ● ●
15 (b) Best Before Date (YY/MM/DD)
(best by) n2 + n6 ● ● ● ● ● ●
17 (b) Expiration Date (YY/MM/DD) (use by) n2 + n6 ● ● ● ● ● ●
21 Serial Number n2 + an..20 ● ●
251 Reference to Source Entity n3 + an..30 ●
30 Variable Count n2 + n..8 ● ● ● ●
310(n) (c) Net Weight (Kilograms) n4 + n6 ● ● ● ●
330(n) (c) Gross Weight (Kilograms) n4 + n6 ● ● ●
37 (d) Quantity of the trade item contained in other units
(mandatory with AI 02) n2 + n..8 ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
400 Customer’s Purchase Order Number n3 + an..30 ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
422 Country of Origin of the Trade Item (ISO-3166) n3 + n3 ● ● ● ● ● ●
423 Country of Initial Processing n3 + n..15 ●
425 Country of Disassembly n3+n3 ●
426 Country covering full process chain n3 + n3 ●
7005 Catch Area (FAO) n4 + an…12 ●
7006 First Freeze Date n4 + n6 ● ●
7007 Harvest Date (start date and end date) (YY/MM/DD) n4 + n12 ● ●
7008 FAO Code of Fish Species n4 + an..3 ●
7009 Fishing Gear Type n4 + an..10 ●
7010 Production method n4 + an..2 ●
703(s) (e); (f)
Processor Approval Number with ISO Country Code n4 + n3 + an..27
●
8002 Electronic Serial Number for Cellular Mobile Telephones n4 + an..20 ●
Key:
n – Numeric Characters n.. – Numeric Characters to an.. - Alphanumeric up to
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GS1 Logistics Label
Standards and National Market Specifications
7.3.3. Portuguese Nacional Market good practices and examples
Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG)
Figure 13. Bacardi Martini Portugal Logistics Label example
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GS1 Logistics Label
Standards and National Market Specifications
Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG)
Figure 14. Danone Portugal Logistics Label example
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GS1 Logistics Label
Standards and National Market Specifications
Fruit and vegetables
Figure 15. XPTO Produção e Comercialização de Produtos Agrícolas Logistics Label example
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GS1 Logistics Label
Standards and National Market Specifications
Cured meat products
Figure 16. Nobre Alimentação Logistics Label example
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GS1 Logistics Label
Standards and National Market Specifications
Meat
Figure 17. Desmanchas Portuguesas Logistics Label example
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GS1 Logistics Label
Standards and National Market Specifications
7.3.4. Logistics label dimensions
The business requirements for most users of GS1 Logistic Labels are met by using one of
following:
1) A6 (105 mm x 148 mm) – 4 x 6 inch, which is particularly suitable when only the SSCC,
or the SSCC and limited additional data, is encoded
or
2) A5 (148 mm x 210 mm) – 6 x 8 inch
However, the label can be any size that suits the labeler’s requirements, but it must be large
enough to carry all the information required together with the GS1-128 barcodes. Factors
influencing label sizes include the amount and a type of data required the content and X-
dimensions of the barcode symbols used, and the dimensions of the logistic unit to be labelled.
Observe the following figure which illustrates the correct dimensions to be adopted:
Figure 18. A6 Logistics Label dimensions examples
Rua Dr. Renato
Paes de Barros, 14º andar
04530-001 S. Paulo
Estrada do Paço do Lumiar,
Campus do Lumiar 1649-038 Lisboa
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GS1 Logistics Label
Standards and National Market Specifications
7.4. Heterogeneous Pallets
Heterogeneous or mixed pallets are logistic units comprising items with different specifications,
meaning that is a pallet that includes different products and references which have different
GTIN’s, expiry dates, batch numbers, etc.
Each logistic unit should have its own SSCC, as a unique identification code. Bear in mind that a logistic unit may carry one or more labels, but only one SSCC. The GS1 Standard recommends
that independently of being homogeneous or heterogeneous a specific logistic unit should only
have one SSCC.
Note: A pallet with the same item reference but with different batch numbers should be
considered as a heterogeneous pallet.
7.4.1. GS1 Logistics Label Structure (Heterogeneous Pallets)
A heterogeneous pallet should contain only a label with the SSCC encoded in GS1-128 barcode.
Information regarding the composition of the logistic unit should be sent beforehand via EDI through a shipment advice message (DESADV in GS1 EANCOM® or Dispatch Advice in GS1 XML®)
at the time of shipment.
After physical reception procedure logistic unit reception confirmation should be made through
the Receiving Advice message (RECADV in GS1 EANCOM® or Receiving Advice in GS1 XML®).
SSCC:356098760000000129
(00)356098760000000129
Supplier Code: 56892100
XPT Distribuition Center National Road 123 Km 4,7 Free text
Humanamente Readable
Interpretation
GS1-128
Barcode
Figure 19. Heterogeneous pallet Logistics Label example
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GS1 Logistics Label Standards and National Market Specifications
7.4.2. Recommendation for the National Market (Heterogeneous
Pallets)
All the recommendations described throughout this chapter come from the System of GS1
Standards aligned with the needs of the Portuguese market and in accordance with the work
undertaken by the “GS1-128 Work Group”.
Some of the solutions defined in this chapter may not fully meet the GS1 Standard. However,
they were developed by the national Work Group based on the local needs and defined as a
recommendation and national good business practice.
The Work Group participants represent the national supply chain different business partners from
Producers, to Retailers, accounting also for Logistics Operators and Distributors.
The Work Group’s mission is to standardize and create the best business practices for the use of
the GS1 Logistics Label, as well as the GS1 standardized of EDI messages.
7.4.2.1. Indivisible Heterogeneous Pallets
When a heterogeneous pallet undergoes cross-docking, it is recommends the usage of one unique
SSCC encoded in GS1-128 barcode.
Further information regarding identification of the products (GTIN’s), batches and expiry dates
should be sent beforehand through EDI (GS1 EANCOM® or GS1 XML®) shipment advice note.
7.4.2.2. Multiple Destination Heterogeneous Pallets
When a heterogeneous pallet received in the distribution center has products with different final
destinations (e.g. different shops), it is called a multiple destination pallet.
In this physical flow (multiple destination pallets) the products are received, checked and
separated by different destinations, and in this case there is no storage for the them.
In this situation and accordance with the needs of the national market different scenarios and
recommendations for the use of the Logistics Labels can be found:
Scenario 1: GS1 Logistics Label – Unique SSCC on pallet
Scenario 2: Several GS1 Logistics Labels – SSCC per columns of products
Scenario 3: Packing list
Scenario 4: Individual case identification and GS1 barcoding
Free text
GS1-128 Barcode
GS1-128 Barcode
Figure 20. Cross-docking heterogeneous pallet Logistics Label example (national market)
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GS1 Logistics Label Standards and National Market Specifications
Figure 21. Multiple Destination Heterogeneous Pallets example – Scenario 1
7.4.2.2.1. Scenario 1: GS1 Logistics Label – Unique SSCC on pallet
1) For this scenario is recommended the appliance of GS1 Logistics Label for – Heterogeneous
Pallets.
2) The label should contain the SSCC encoded in GS1-128 barcode.
3) In the pallet should be separated by reference and conditioning in columns. In this scenario
each product reference is restricted to the use of a single batch number.
4) Information related to products identification, e.g. GTIN’s, batch numbers and expiry dates
shall be provided and sent through EDI (GS1 EANCOM® or GS1 XML®) shipment advice note.
Note: Restriction to a single batch number per reference on the pallet helps to guarantee
products traceability.
7.4.2.2.2. Scenario 2: Several GS1 Logistics Labels – SSCC per columns of products
1) For this scenario is recommended the appliance of GS1 Logistics Label for – Homogeneous
Pallets.
2) Products in the pallet should be separated by reference and conditioning in columns. If there
are different batches of the same product (in the same pallet), they should also be separated
by batch and conditioning in columns.
3) Each product column should carry a GS1 Logistics Label with the proposed structure for
Homogeneous Pallets.
4) The information regarding products identification, e.g. GTIN’s, batch numbers, expiry dates
and SSCC’s shall be encoded in GS1-128 barcodes.
5) Information related to products identification, e.g. GTIN’s, batch numbers and expiry dates
can be provided and sent through EDI (GS1 EANCOM® or GS1 XML®) shipment advice note.
Note: In the case of use of an EDI shipment advice, the SSCC has to be strictly encoded
in an autonomous barcode line.
GS1 Logistics Label (Heterogeneous Pallets)
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GS1 Logistics Label Standards and National Market Specifications
Figure 22. Multiple Destination Heterogeneous Pallets example – Scenario 2
7.4.2.2.3. Scenario 3: Packing list
1) For this scenario is recommended the appliance of a packing list to accompany the
multiple destination heterogeneous pallet (see Figure 24. Scenario 3: Packing list structure
for the multiple destination heterogeneous pallet, page 34).
2) Products in the pallet should be separated by reference and conditioning in columns. If there
are different batches of the same product (in the same pallet), they should also be separated
by batch and packed in columns.
3) The packing list should contain the SSCC and the product information encoded in GS1-128 barcodes. Each product reference, separated and conditioning in columns, should correspond
to each section identified in the packing list (see Figure 24. Scenario 3: Packing list structure
for the multiple destination heterogeneous pallet, page 34).
4) The packing list can comprise one or more A4 sheets, according to the products/columns
quantity present in the multiple destination heterogeneous pallet.
5) It is recommended that packing list have a maximum 8 product references per sheet
6) The sections identified in the packing list should match the columns arrangement in the pallet.
7) Information related to products identification, e.g. GTIN’s, batch numbers and expiry dates
can be provided and sent through EDI (GS1 EANCOM® or GS1 XML®) shipment advice note.
GS1 Logistics Label
(Homogeneous Pallets)
Packing list
(Heterogeneous Pallets)
Figure 23. Multiple Destination Heterogeneous Pallets example – Scenario 3
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GS1 Logistics Label Standards and National Market Specifications
Top
Blo
ck
(Title
)
Low
est B
lock
Free
Text
Title of Data
Human Readable Interpre.
GS1-128
Barcode
(00)356097610034774088
(02)0560112368642(15)151218(37)10(10)ABC
(02)15601055008540(15)161020(37)5(10)ADZ
(00)356097610034774095
(02)15601055008540(15)161020(37)9(10)AXX
(00)35609761003474149
(02)15601055091047(15)151222(37)25(10)1305
(00)356097610034774101
Product B: Product Descriptiom
GTIN: 0560112368642
Expiration Date: 18/12/2015
Batch: ABC
QTY: 10 Cases
SSCC: 356097610034774088
Product A: Product Description
GTIN: 15601055091047
Expiration Date: 22/12/2015
Batch: 1305
QTY: 25 Cases
SSCC: 35609761003474149
GS1 Portugal – Estrada do Paço do Lumiar,
Campus do Lumiar, Edifício K3 1649-038 Lisboa
Destionation Adress: Estrada Nacional 123 Km 4,7 Customer Name: Centro de Distribuição ABC
Product C: Product Description
GTIN: 15601055008540
Expiration Date: 20/10/2016
Batch: AXX
QTY: 9 Cases
SSCC: 356097610034774095
Product D: Product Description
GTIN: 15601055008540
Expiration Date: 20/10/2016
Batch: ADZ
QTY: 5 Cases
SSCC: 356097610034774101
Figure 24. Packing list structure for the multiple destination heterogeneous pallet – Scenario 3
Note:
Minimum height of GS1-128 barcode lines should be 12mm.
1st S
ectio
n (
Co
lum
n)
2n
d Sectio
n
3rd S
ectio
n
4th S
ectio
n
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GS1 Logistics Label Standards and National Market Specifications
7.4.2.2.4. Scenario 4: Individual case identification and barcoding
1) For this scenario is recommended the appliance of GS1 Logistic Label with the proposed
structure for Heterogeneous Pallets.
2) The (pallet) label should contain only the SSCC encoded in GS1-128 barcode.
3) The structure of the GS1 Logistics Label for transport cases should be used on all the cases
(refer to chapter “7.5 Transport Cases”, page 35).
4) Information related to products identification, e.g. GTIN’s, batch numbers and expiry dates
should be encoded in GS1-128 barcode and attached to each product case.
5) Information related to products identification, e.g. GTIN’s, batch numbers and expiry dates
shall be provided and sent through EDI (GS1 EANCOM® or GS1 XML®) shipment advice note.
Figure 25. Multiple Destination Heterogeneous Pallets example – Scenario 4
GS1 Logistics Label (Transport Cases)
GS1 Logistics Label (Heterogeneous Pallets)
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GS1 Logistics Label
Standards and National Market Specifications
7.5. Transport Boxes
A “Logistics Label” can be placed on transport cases whenever there is the need to capture
product additional data, e.g. a batch number, an expiry date, the weight, or country of origin.
The set of data to be encoded and which information is necessary for the traceability purpose
may vary from sector to sector (e.g. in the meat, fish and fresh vegetables sectors). These are products that can accounted in fixed measures (GTIN use) or weight variable measures (RCN
usage).
All the information’s contained in the Logistics Label of the case should be encoded in GS1-128
barcode, and the use of Application Identifiers (AI’s) is recommended.
Notes:
For further information on dimensions and encoding rules for both ITF-14 and GS1-128
barcodes, please consult the latest GS1 General Specifications.
There are currently more than 150 Application Identifiers developed by GS1 in
accordance with the needs of the market and general regulations (appendix 2).
The AI’s list recommended by the Portuguese business sector is available in the chapter
“7.3.2. GS1 Logistics Label mandatory and optional data”, page 23.
Free text & Human Readable
Interpretation
GS1-128
Barcode
Name: Batata Branca Nova Net Weight: 7,500Kg
GTIN: 95608951007840 Batch: AE505
Order Number: 2562305 Origin: Portugal
(01)95608951007840(3103)007500(10)AE505
(422)620(400)2562305
Figure 26. Example of a label for transport boxes
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Standards and National Market Specifications
7.6. Placement of the Logistics Label
The recommendations that follow apply to all logistic units, such as pallets, parcels or boxes. As
a general rule, for correct transportation and storage, the logistic label with barcode should be
placed on at least one of the sides of the logistic unit. However, it is recommended that two
logistic labels, with the same information and data content, should be placed on two contiguous
sides, in the following situations:
The printing process make it cost effective (e.g. pre-printed corrugated cartons)
The supply chain requirement is that one symbol is always visible (e.g. the pallets that
are stored either longer or short edge facing
7.6.1. On Pallets
For all types of pallets, including full pallets containing individual trade items and single trade
items, (such as a fridge or a dishwashing machine), the recommended height for the placement
of the bottom of barcode is between 400 mm and 800 mm from the base of the pallet. For pallets
that are less than 400 mm high, the barcode should be placed as high as possible.
The symbol, including its quite zones, should be at least 50 mm from any vertical edge, so as to
avoid damage to it.
Below is an example of placement of the logistic label on the pallet:
Note: There is no regulation that specify where the labels should be placed – on the left,
in the middle or to the right of the logistic unit – but, as most forklift operators are right-
handed, it is more correct from an ergonomic point of view, that the scanning/reading is done when the labels are placed to the right of each side.
Figure 27. GS1 Logistics Label placement on pallets
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Standards and National Market Specifications
7.6.2. On Transport Boxes
On boxes (shipment units), symbol placement may vary slightly. However, the ideal placement
for the base of the barcode is 32 mm from the natural base of the item. The symbol, including
its quiet zones, should be at least 19 mm from any vertical edge, so as to avoid damage to it.
For smaller packages, which can be sorted automatically in a conveyor, the label should be placed
on the largest surface.
In the following image you can see an example of label placement on the transport box:
Figure 28. GS1 Logistics Label placement on transport boxes
Note: For the labelling of shipping units of a single type of product, the corresponding
GTIN is the primary key for the identification and SSCC is not contemplated. The SSCC
should be applied only to mixed products boxes.
Minimum 19 mm
32 mm Recommended
SSCC
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Standards and National Market Specifications
7.7. Quality Test
To verify whether a symbol meets the specifications of the GS1 System, it shall be tested using
the specification defined in Standard ISO/IEC 15416, which details the conditions under which measurements shall be made. The specification defines methods of determining an overall quality
grade based on the attributes of the barcode and determining its conformity with the system.
The stages of the test including all the verifications are:
1 - Check that the barcode has been correctly assembled
2 - Barcode symbol test to examine the X-dimension, ratio and symbol height
3 - Label quality test inspection after a subject to a transport simulation
4 - Visual control of the layout and information content against the specifications
In some cases, it is recommended to perform the tests for different goods handling environments.
In this context it should be stated that the data and the good printing quality are extremely important. Any faulty data, label or data that cannot be scanned/read is as good as no label and
may lead to considerable business problems. There is no relevant legislation on this issue but
usually this type of negligence is penalized by the market.
Note: GS1 Portugal performs quality tests and provides technical assistance services.
Contact GS1 Portugal directly by calling +351 217 520 740 or consult www.gs1pt.org.
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Standards and National Market Specifications
8. Appendix 1 – GS1 Technical Components
8.1. GTIN
The Global Trade Item Number (GTIN) clearly identifies any item (products or services) that can be sold, ordered or invoiced at any point of the supply chain. The GTIN’s main function is to offer
a single, unique distinct identification, so that it can be located in any database, for example, to
obtain a price, record a sale, confirm delivery or identify an order, at any point of the supply
chain, anywhere in the world. If the product undergoes a change in size, color, weight,
description, etc. a new GTIN is created that corresponds to a new trade item.
Each trade item that is different from another is assigned a unique GTIN.
The format of the GTIN-13 is as follows:
The format of the GTIN-14 is as follows:
Logistic Variable – The Logistic Variable is only used in GTIN-14 (identify transport cases/boxes) to differentiate the different levels of packaging of the same product, with values 1
to 8 for fixed measure trade items and 9 for variable measure trade items. It is allocated by the
company.
GS1 Company Prefix – The GS1 Company Prefix is unique for each company. It consists of the Local Member Organization (MO) Prefix (560 for GS1 Portugal) and the Company Number (in
Portugal 4 to 8 digits variable, depending on the number of references to encode), which is
assigned to each system user, by GS1 MO.
Item Reference – The Item Reference usually holds 1 to 5 digits depending on the size of GS1 Company Prefix. The Item Reference is a non-significant number, meaning, that the individual
digits should not relate with any kind of classification and by themselves convey no information.
GS1 recommends the assignment to be done sequential, e.g. 000, 001, 002, 003 etc.
Check Digit – The Check Digit is used to verify that the full identification number – GTIN in this case – is correctly composed. It is calculated based upon the preceding 12 digits for GTIN-13 or
upon the preceding 13 digits for GTIN-14, using a GS1 algorithm. Check Digit can be calculated
in GS1 Portugal website: www.gs1pt.org
GS1 Company Prefix Item Reference Check Digit
N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N8 N9 N10 N11 N12 N13
Logistic Variable
GS1 Company Prefix Item Reference Check Digit
N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N8 N9 N10 N11 N12 N13 N14
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Database and GS1-128 barcode GTIN representation
GTIN is a unique identification number for trade item. Such exclusivity is achieved regardless of
the number structure and the barcode symbology where is encoded. The GTIN that is stored in
databases or encoded in GS1-128 barcodes should always be represented by a fixed data field of
14 digits.
In 14 positions field, the digits should be right justified and for GTIN-13 a leading zero should be
used for the remaining position. The GTIN is the access key to all data related to a trade item
that is stored in a database or encoded in GS1-128.
It is necessary to create hierarchical links between trade items, i.e. between consumer unit and
all trade items containing that specific consumer unit – family items.
8.2. RCN
The RCN identifies consumer units of variable measures which are characterized by having
attributes that normally may vary in two ways: products with variable weight and products of
variable quantity.
So, a product of variable weight is one which, according to its production process or its nature,
does not have a fixed weight. Certain presentations of products like fish, meat, cheese, fruit and
vegetables, etc., can be consumer units with variable measures.
The format of the RCN from a producer/manufacture responsibility is as follows:
GTIN – Global Trade Item Number
GTIN Data Structure hold on a Database
GTIN-13 0 N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N8 N9 N10 N11 N12 N13
GTIN-14 N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N8 N9 N10 N11 N12 N13 N14
GTIN Data Structure conveyed on GS1-128 barcode
IA (01) GTIN-13 0 N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N8 N9 N10 N11 N12 N13
IA (01) or
IA (02) GTIN-14 N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N8 N9 N10 N11 N12 N13 N14
Price Exclusiv Prefix Item Reference
(by GS1 Portugal)
Item Price
(Euros)
Check
Digit
2 7 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 € € €, € € N13
Weight Exclusiv Prefix Item Reference (by GS1 Portugal)
Item Net Weight (Kilograms)
Check Digit
2 9 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 P P, P P P N13
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The format of the RCN from a retailer responsibility is as follows:
GS1 Portugal is responsible for identifying (attributing a number) to products of variable weight
or quantity that are managed by producers/manufactures.
Then, following the GS1 Standard for national barcoding (Portugal) products of variable weight or quantity, producers will be responsible for encoding (marking with a barcode) their products
individually, according to the numbers given by GS1 Portugal.
For retailers that wish to tell to producers/manufactures the code numbers (retailer internal reference) to use within their premises or who have own brands, the processes of identification
(numbering) and marking (barcoding), becomes of their entirely responsibility.
Portuguese legislation requires, in the retail trade, that each unit of products of variable weight displayed for sale to be clearly marked with the price per kilo, weight and the amount to be paid
by the end consumer.
The encoding solutions for variable measure products (weight or quantity) are national
solutions and should not be used when the products are intended for export (for other
country rather than Portugal).
Companies that wish to export their products should take in consideration the proposed solutions in the destination countries. To do so, GS1 Portugal-CODIPOR provides support to help implement
the solutions in each country.
Price Exclusiv Prefix Item Reference (by Retailer)
Item Price (Euros)
Check Digit
2 6 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 € € €, € € N13
Weight Exclusiv Prefix Item Reference (by Retailer)
Item Net Weight (Kilograms)
Check Digit
2 8 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 P P, P P P N13
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8.3. SSCC
The SSCC is the GS1 unique identification number specifically developed for the logistic units
identification – items of any composition such as pallets, containers or cases – going through the
supply chain. SSCC is a subset of ISO/IEC 15459 standard.
The SSCC is a worldwide unique number for the logistic unit identification. The complete numeric
structure of the SSCC improves the safety and precision of data.
The format of the SSCC is as follows:
Extension Digit
GS1 Company Prefix
Serial Reference
Check Digit
N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N8 N9 N10 N11 N12 N13 N14 N15 N16 N17 N18
Extension Digit – The Extension Digit is used to increase the capacity of the SSCC. It has the
values 0 to 9 and has no meaning. It is allocated by the company.
GS1 Company Prefix – The GS1 Company Prefix is unique for each company. It consists of the
Local Member Organization (MO) Prefix (560 for GS1 Portugal) and the Company Number, which
is assigned to each system user, by GS1 MO.
Serial Reference – The Unique Serial Reference Number is allocated by the company to identify
its shipments (logistic units). The structure and content of the Serial Reference is at the discretion
of the system user, company, responsible for its assignment. The easiest way to assign the serial number is make it sequential, e.g. (for GS1 Company Prefix with 7 digits) 000000000,
000000001, 000000002, etc.
Check Digit – The Check Digit is used to verify that the full identification number – SSCC in this
case – is correctly composed. It is calculated based upon the preceding 17 digits, using a GS1
algorithm. Check Digit can be calculated in GS1 Portugal website: www.gs1pt.org
Reuse of the SSCC
The GS1 General Specifications explains:
“The SSCC element string AI (00) is used for the identification of logistic units (see section 3). Each individual logistic unit is allocated a unique number, which remains the same for the life of
the logistic unit. When assigning an SSCC, the rule is that an individual SSCC number must not
be reallocated within one year of the shipment date from the SSCC assignor to a trading partner.
However, prevailing regulatory or industry organization specific requirements may extend this
period”.
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Standards and National Market Specifications
8.4. GS1-128 Symbology
The GS1-128 Symbology is a subset of the more general Code 128 Symbology. As defined by
ISO/IEC 15417, the use of the Function 1 symbol character (FNC1) in Code 128 Symbols in the first symbol character position following the Start Character has been reserved exclusively for
the GS1 System.
General structure of the GS1-128 is as follows:
Where:
S – Start Character
F1 – Function 1 Symbol Character (FNC1)
IA – Aplication Identifier
C – Symbol Check Character
E – Stop Character
Start Chartacter
Start characters A, B and C define the corresponding code set to be used initially in the symbol.
The Stop character is common in all code sets.
The decoder shall not transmit Start or Stop characters
Function 1 Symbol Character (FNC1)
GS1-128 Symbology uses the Function 1 symbol character (FNC1) in the position following the Start Character. This double start pattern is reserved for GS1 System applications worldwide.
This makes it possible to distinguish GS1-128 Barcode Symbols from other non-standard barcode
symbols.
This special Start Character differentiates GS1-128 Barcode Symbols from the more generalized
Code 128 Symbols.
The Function 1 Symbol Character (FNC1) is a symbology element used to form the double start pattern of a GS1-128 barcode symbol. It is also used to separate certain concatenated data fields
(Element Strings), dependent on their positioning in the barcode symbol (e.g. identifying the end
of variable length fields).
Placed following the Start Character: this double start pattern (start character + FNC1)
is reserved for GS1 System applications worldwide. This makes it possible to distinguish
GS1-128 barcode symbols from other non-standard barcodes symbols. This FNC1
character is encoded in the barcode.
As a separator: all variable length data fields must be followed by a FNC1 separator
when followed by another data field in a single barcode symbol. An FNC1 is not required
at the end of the last element string represented in a GS1-128 barcode symbol. This
FNC1 corresponds to the character 29 (<GS>) of the ASCII table.
S F1 IA 1 Data (F1) IA 2 Data C E
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Standards and National Market Specifications
Size of the GS1-128 symbol in Logistics Labels
The X-dimension is the specified width of the narrowest element in a barcode symbol. The GS1 General Specifications allow for GS1-128 barcodes to be printed with an x-dimension range of
0.495 mm to 0.94 mm when they are used on logistics labels. This upper limit ensures that a
GS1-128 barcode encoding an SSCC is no wider than 165 mm, the maximum allowed. For
companies using A5 sized labels with a width of 148 mm, the practical maximum x-dimension for
this barcode is 0.84 mm.
The target x-dimension for symbols used on the logistics label is 0.495 mm (0.0195 in.), and users may choose larger x-dimensions subject to the limits mentioned above. Scanning systems
work more effectively if all the barcodes have similar X-dimensions.
The target symbol height is 32 mm (1.25 in.) and does not include the Human Readable
Interpretation.
Careful consideration should be given to the expected scanning environment where reading takes
place, given that dirty environments hamper barcode performance.
Attention: For further information on the quality of printing, consult the latest GS1
General Specifications.
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Standards and National Market Specifications
9. Appendix 2 – Application Identifiers List and Relationships
Figure 29. Application Identifiers by numeric order
AI’s Notes FULL TITLE FORMAT FNC1 DATA TITLE
00 SSCC - Serial Shipping Container Code n2+n18 SSCC
01 GTIN of the Consumer Unit/GTIN of the Dispatch Unit n2+n14 GTIN
02 (a) GTIN of the Products contained in other units n2+n14 CONTENT
10 Batch Code n2+an..20 FNC1 BATCH/LOT
11 (b) Production Date (YY/MM/DD) n2+n6 PROD DATE
12 (b) Due Date of the Invoice (YY/MM/DD) n2+n6 DUE DATE
13 (b) Packaging Date (YY/MM/DD) n2+n6 PACK DATE
15 (b) Best Before Date (YY/MM/DD) (best by) n2+n6 BEST BEFORE OR
BEST BY
16 (b) Sell by (YY/MM/DD) n2+n6 SELL BY
17 (b) Expiration Date (YY/MM/DD) (use by) n2+n6 USE BY OR EXPIRY
20 Variant Number n2+n2 VARIANT
21 Serial Number n2+an..20 FNC1 SERIAL
240 Additional Product Identification Assigned by the Manufacturer n3+an..30 FNC1 ADDICIONAL ID
241 Customer Reference Number n3+an..30 FNC1 CUST. PART. NO.
242 Made-to-Order Variation Number n3+n..6 FNC1 MTO VARIANT
243 Package Component Number (PCN) n3+an..20 FNC1 PCN
250 Secondary Serial Number n3+an..30 FNC1 SECONDARY SERIAL
251 Reference to Source Entity n3+an..30 FNC1 REF. TO SOURCE
253 Global Document Type Identifier (GDTI) n3+n13+an..17
FNC1 GDTI
254 Global Location Number Extension Component (GLN) n3+an..20 FNC1 GLN EXTENSION
255 Global Coupon Number (GCN) n3+n13+n..12
FNC1 GCN
30 Variable Quantity Count n2 + n..8 FNC1 VAR. COUNT
310(n) Net Weight (Kilograms) n4+n6 NET WEIGHT (kg)
311(n) Length or 1st Dimension, Trade (Metres) n4+n6 LENGTH (m)
312(n) Width or 2nd Dimension, Trade (Metres) n4+n6 WIDTH (m)
313(n) Depth, Thickness, Height or 3rd Dimension, Trade (Metres) n4+n6 HEIGHT (m)
314(n) Area, Trade (Square Metres) n4+n6 AREA (m2)
315(n) Net Volume (Litres) n4+n6 NET VOLUME (l)
316(n) Net Volume (Cubic Metres) n4+n6 NET VOLUME (m3)
320(n) Net Weight (Pounds) n4+n6 NET WEIGHT (lb.)
321(n) Length or 1st Dimension, Trade (Inches) n4+n6 LENGTH (i)
322(n) Length or 1st Dimension, Trade (Feet) n4+n6 LENGTH (f)
323(n) Length or 1st Dimension, Trade (Yards) n4+n6 LENGTH (y)
324(n) Width, Diameter or 2nd Dimension, Trade (Inches) n4+n6 WIDTH (i)
325(n) Width, Diameter or 2nd Dimension, Trade (Feet) n4+n6 WIDTH (f)
326(n) Width, Diameter or 2nd Dimension, Trade (Yards) n4+n6 WIDTH (y)
327(n) Depth, Thickness, Height or 3rd Dimension, Trade (Inches) n4+n6 HEIGHT (i)
328(n) Depth, Thickness, Height or 3rd Dimension, Trade (Feet) n4+n6 HEIGHT (f)
329(n) Depth, Thickness, Height or 3rd Dimension, Trade (Yards) n4+n6 HEIGHT (y)
330(n) Gross Weight (Kilograms) n4+n6 GROSS WEIGHT (kg)
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AI’s Notes FULL TITLE FORMAT FNC1 DATA TITLE
331(n) Length or 1st Dimension, Logistics (Metres) n4+n6 LENGTH (m) log
332(n) Width or 2nd Dimension, Logistics (Metres) n4+n6 WIDTH (m) log
333(n) Depth, Thickness, Height or 3rd Dimension, Logistics (Metres) n4+n6 HEIGHT (m) log
334(n) Area, Logistics (Square Metres) n4+n6 AREA (m3) log
335(n) Gross Volume (Litres) n4+n6 VOLUME (l) log
336(n) Gross Volume (Cubic Metres) n4+n6 VOLUME (m3) log
337(n) (c) Kilos per Square Metre n4+n6 KG PER M2
340(n) Gross Weight (Pounds) n4+n6 GROSS WEIGHT (1b)
341(n) Length or 1st Dimension, Logistics (Inches) n4+n6 LENGTH (i) log
342(n) Length or 1st Dimension, Logistics (Feet) n4+n6 LENGTH (f) log
343(n) Length or 1st Dimension, Logistics (Yards) n4+n6 LENGTH (y) log
344(n) Width, Diameter or 2nd Dimension, Logistics (Inches) n4+n6 WIDTH (i) log
345(n) Width, Diameter or 2nd Dimension, Logistics (Feet) n4+n6 WIDTH (f) log
346(n) Width, Diameter or 2nd Dimension, Logistics (Yards) n4+n6 WIDTH (y) log
347(n) Depth, Thickness, Height or 3rd Dimension, Logistics (Inches) n4+n6 HEIGHT (i) log
348(n) Depth, Thickness, Height or 3rd Dimension, Logistics (Feet) n4+n6 HEIGHT (f) log
349(n) Depth, Thickness, Height or 3rd Dimension, Logistics (Yards) n4+n6 HEIGHT (y) log
350(n) Area, Trade (Square Inches) n4+n6 AREA (i2)
351(n) Area, Trade (Square Feet) n4+n6 AREA (f2)
352(n) Area, Trade (Square Yards) n4+n6 AREA (y2)
353(n) Area, Logistics (Square Inches) n4+n6 AREA (i2) log
354(n) Area, Logistics (Square Feet) n4+n6 AREA (f2) log
355(n) Area, Logistics (Square Yards) n4+n6 AREA (y2) log
356(n) Net Weight (Troy Ounces) n4+n6 NET WEIGHT (t)
357(n) Net Volume (Ounces) (USA) n4+n6 NET VOLUME (oz)
360(n) Net Volume (Quarts) n4+n6 NET VOLUME (lb.)
361(n) Net Volume (Gallons) (USA) n4+n6 NET VOLUME (g)
362(n) Gross Volume (Quarts) n4+n6 VOLUME (q) log
363(n) Gross Volume (Gallons) (USA) n4+n6 VOLUME (g) log
364(n) Net Volume (Cubic Inches) n4+n6 NET VOLUME (i3)
365(n) Net Volume (Cubic Feet) n4+n6 NET VOLUME (f3)
366(n) Net Volume (Cubic Yards) n4+n6 NET VOLUME (y3)
367(n) Gross Volume (Cubic Inches) n4+n6 VOLUME (i3) log
368(n) Gross Volume (Cubic Feet) n4+n6 VOLUME (f3) log
369(n) Gross Volume (Cubic Yards) n4+n6 VOLUME (y3) log
37 (d) Quantity of GTIN's (contained in the Logistic Unit) n2+n..8 FNC1 COUNT
390(n) (c) Amount Payable – Single Monetary Area n4+n..15 FNC1 AMOUNT
391(n) (c) Amount Payable – with ISO Monetary Code n4+n3+n..18 FNC1 AMOUNT
392(n) (c) Amount Payable per Variable Measure Trade Item - Single Monetary Area
n4+n..15 FNC1 PRICE
393(n) (c) Amount Payable per Variable Measure Trade Item - with ISO Monetary Code
n4+n3+n..18 FNC1 PRICE
400 Customer’s Purchase Order Number n3+an..30 FNC1 ORDER NUMBER
401 Consignment Number (GINC) n3+an..30 FNC1 GINC
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AI’s Notes FULL TITLE FORMAT FNC1 DATA TITLE
402 Global Shipment Identification Number (GSIN) n3+n17 FNC1 GSIN
403 Routing Code n3+an..30 FNC1 ROUTE
410 Global Location Number (GLN) Ship to Location n3+n13 SHIP TO LOC
411 Global Location Number (GLN) Bill to Location n3+n13 BILL TO
412 Global Location Number (GLN) Purchased From Location n3+n13 PURCHASE FROM
413 Deliver for / Ship for - (EAN Location Code) n3+n13 SHIP FOR LOC
414 EAN Location Code for the Physical Identification of a Location n3+n13 LOC No
415 EAN Location Code for the Invoicing Partner n3+n13 PAY TO
420 Deliver to – (Post Code) n3+an..20 FNC1 SHIP TO POST
421 (e) Deliver to – (ISO 3166 of Country with the Post Code) n3+n3+an..9 FNC1 SHIP TO POST
422 (e) Country of Origin of the Trade Item n3+n3 FNC1 ORIGIN
423 (e) Country of Initial Processing n3+n..15 FNC1 COUNTRY-INITIAL
PROCESS.
424 (e) Country of Processing n3+n3 FNC1 COUNTRY-PROCESS.
425 (e) Country of Disassembly n3+n3 FNC1 COUNTRY-
DISASSEMBLY
426 (e) Country covering full process chain n3+n3 FNC1 COUNTRY-FULL
PROCESS.
427 Region Code of the Country of Origin of the Trade Item n3+an..3 FNC1 ORIGIN
SUBDIVISION
7001 NATO Stock Number (NSN) n4+n13 FNC1 NSN
7002 (e) UN Meat Carcasses and Cuts Classification n4+an..30 FNC1 MEAT CUT
7003 Date and Time of Validity (YY/MM/DD/HH/MM) n4+n10 FNC1 EXPIRY TIME
7004 Active Potency n4+n..4 FNC1 ACTIVE POTENCY
7005 Catch Area n4+an..12 FNC1 CATCH AREA
7006 First Freeze Date n4+n6 FIRST FREEZE DATE
7007 Harvest Date (start date and end date) (YY/MM/DD) n4+n6..12 FNC1 HARVEST DATE
7008 FAO Code of Fish Species n4+an..3 FNC1 AQUATIC SPECIES
7009 Fishing Gear Type n4+n..10 FNC1 FISHING GEAR TYPE
7010 Production method n4+an..2 FNC1 PROD METHOD
703(s) (e);(f) Processor Approval Number with ISO Country Code n4+n3+an..27
FNC1 PROCESSOR # s
710 National Healthcare Reimbursement Number - Germany PZN n3+an..20 FNC1 NHRN PZN
711 National Healthcare Reimbursement Number - France CIP n3+an..20 FNC1 NHRN CIP
712 National Healthcare Reimbursement Number - Spain CN n3+an..20 FNC1 NHRN CN
713 National Healthcare Reimbursement Number - Brazil DRN n3+an..20 FNC1 NHRN DRN
8001 Roll Products - Width, Length, Diameter, Direction and Splices n4+n14 FNC1 DIMENSIONS
8002 Electronic Serial Number for Cellular Mobile Telephones n4+an..20 FNC1 CMT No
8003 Global Returnable Asset Identifier (GRAI) n4+n14+an..16
FNC1 GRAI
8004 Global Individual Asset Identifier (GIAI) n4+an..30 FNC1 GIAI
8005 Price per Unit of Measure n4+n6 FNC1 PRICE PER UNIT
8006 Identification of the Component(s) of an Article n4+n14+n2+n2
FNC1 GCTIN
8007 International Bank Account Number (IBAN) n4+an..30 FNC1 IBAN
8008 Date and Time of Production (YY/MM/DD/HH)+ (MM/SS) n4+n8+n..4 FNC1 PROD TIME
8010 Component/Part Identification (CPID) n4+an..30 FNC1 CPID
8011 Component/Part Identification Serial Number (CPID Serial) n4+n..12 FNC1 CPID SERIAL
8017 Global Service Relation Number (GSRN) Supplier n4+n18 FNC1 GSRN - PROVIDER
8018 Global Service Relation Number (GSRN) Recipient n4+n18 FNC1 GSRN - RECIPIENT
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AI’s Notes FULL TITLE FORMAT FNC1 DATA TITLE
8019 Service Relation Instance Number (SRIN) n4+n..10 FNC1 SRIN
8020 Payment Slip Reference Number n4+an..25 FNC1 REF No
8110 Coupon Code Identification for use in North America n4+an..70 FNC1 -
8200 Extended Packaging URL n4+an..70 FNC1 INTERNAL
90 Internal Use and/or Mutually Agreed n2+an..30 FNC1 INTERNAL
91-99 Internal Applications n2+an..30 FNC1 INTERNAL
Notes: (a) When AI (02) is applied AI (37) must be used (b) To indicate only Year and Month, the Day (DD) should be filled in with "00"
(c) (n) Indicates the position of the decimal point (d) Applied only together with AI (02) (e) The country identification defined in the Standard ISO 3166 is applied
(f) (s) Indicates the sequence of the processor in the supply chain
References: (n) Indicates the position of the decimal point. E.g. (3103)020388 = 20,388 Kilograms or (3106)020388 = 0.020388 Kilograms (s) Indicates the sequence of the processors:
0 - Indicates the abattoir 1 - Indicates the first cutting room
2 to 9 - Indicates from the second to the ninth processing/cutting location In relation to the FORMAT of the AI’s, the following is considered:
a = alphabetical characters
n = numeric characters an = alphanumeric characters
a3 = 3 alphabetical characters, fixed length data field n3 = 3 numeric characters, fixed length data field an3 = 3 alphanumeric characters, fixed length data field
a..3 = up to 3 alphabetical characters, variable length data field n..3 = up to 3 numeric characters, variable length data field
an..3 = up to 3 alphanumeric characters, variable length data field
Figure 30. Mandatory associations of Application Identifiers
AI DESIGNATION
COMBINATION OF AI’s AND MANDATORY
DATA
COMMENTS
(01) with N1=0
Identification of Variable Measure Trade Item scanned at POS
(30) or (3nnn)*
or (3nnn)**
Mandatory association with a variable count or trade measure information scanned at POS identified with GTIN-12 or GTIN-13
(01) or
(02) with N1=9
Identification of Variable Measure Trade Item not scanned at POS
(30) or (3nnn)*
or (3nnn)**
or
(8001)
Mandatory association with information of variable measures not scanned at POS and identified with GTIN-14 with logistic variable 9 (see note below). GS1-128 Symbology and ITF-14 may codify a GTIN with Logistic variable 9
(02) Identification of Content in the Logistic unit
(00) Mandatory association with a SSCC
(02) Identification of Content in the Logistic unit
(37) Obligatory count of the Trade Items contained
(10) Batch Code (01) or (02) Mandatory association with a GTIN or with the identification of the content in the Logistic unit
(11), (13), (15), (16)
Datas (01) or (02) Mandatory association with a GTIN or with the identification of the content in the Logistic unit
(12) Due Date (8020) and (415) Mandatory association with the payment slip reference number and the GLN of the invoicing party
(17) Date of Validity (01) or (02) or
(255) Mandatory association with a GTIN or with the identification of the content in the Logistic unit or with the GCN
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AI DESIGNATION
COMBINATION OF AI’s AND MANDATORY
DATA
COMMENTS
(20) Product Variant (01) or (02) Mandatory association with a GTIN or with the identification of the content in the Logistic unit
(21) Serial Number (01) Mandatory association with the GTIN of a single trade item
(240) Additional Product Identification
(01) or (02) Mandatory association with a GTIN or with the identification of the content in the Logistic unit
(241) Customer Reference Number (01) or (02) Mandatory association with a GTIN or with the identification of the content in the Logistic unit
(242) Made-to-Order Variation Number
(01) or (02) with Logistic variable
N=9
Mandatory association with GTIN-14 with Logistic variable 9 represents a personalised industrial supply item
(243) Package Component Number (01) Mandatory association with the GTIN
(250) Secondary Serial Number (01) and (21) Mandatory association with the GTIN (the Secondary Serial Number cannot be applied to a group of items) and with the serial number of the Trade Item AI(21)
(251) Reference to Source Entity (01) Mandatory association with the GTIN
(254) Extension Component of the GLN
(414) Mandatory association with the AI(414)
Used with the GLN and not with the GTIN
(30) Variable Count (01) or (02)
Mandatory association with a GTIN for variable measure trade items (e.g. GTIN-12 or GTIN-13 for trade items scanned at POS, GTIN-14 with Logistic variable 9 for items not scanned at POS) or the identification of variable measure contained in the Logistic unit
(3nnn)*
Trade measures which cannot be summed
(01) Mandatory association with a GTIN for variable measure trade items (e.g. GTIN-12 or GTIN-13 for trade items scanned at POS, GTIN-14 with Logistic variable 9 for items not scanned at POS)
(3nnn)*
Trade measures which can be summed
(01) or (02)
Mandatory association with a GTIN for variable measure trade items (e.g. GTIN-12 or GTIN-13 for trade items scanned at POS, GTIN-14 with Logistic variable 9 para items not scanned at POS) or the identification of variable measure contained in the Logistic unit
(3nnn)*
Logistic Measures (00) or (01)
Mandatory association with a GTIN for variable measure trade items (e.g. GTIN-12 or GTIN-13 for trade items scanned at POS, GTIN-14 with Logistic variable 9 para items not scanned at POS) or the identification of variable measure contained in the Logistic unit
(337n) Kilograms per Square Metre (01) Mandatory association with the GTIN
(37) Quantity of units contained (02) Mandatory association with the identification of the content of the Logistic unit
(390n) Amount Payable or Coupon Value – Single Monetary Area
(8020) and (415) or (255)
Mandatory association with the payment slip reference number and GLN of the invoicing party or with the GCN
(391n) Amount Payable – ISO Monetary Code
(8020) and (415) Mandatory association with the payment slip reference number and the GLN of the invoicing party
(392n) Amount Payable - when scanned by POS - Single Monetary Unit
(01) Mandatory association with a variable count or a trade measure verified at POS when identified with GTIN-12 or GTIN-13
(392n) Amount Payable - when scanned by POS - Single Monetary Unit
(01) Mandatory association with variable measure information with GTIN-14
(393n) Amount Payable - when scanned by POS - with ISO Country Code
(01) Mandatory association with a variable count or variable measure when scanned at POS and identified with GTIN-12 or GTIN-13
(393n) Amount Payable - when scanned by POS - with ISO Country Code
(01) Mandatory association with a variable measure information with GTIN-14
(403) Routing Code (00) Mandatory association with the SSCC
(415) GLN of the Invoicing party (8020) Mandatory association with the payment slip reference number
(422) Country of Origin of the Trade Item
(01) or (02) Mandatory association with the GTIN
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AI DESIGNATION
COMBINATION OF AI’s AND MANDATORY
DATA
COMMENTS
(423) Country of Initial Processing (01) or (02) Mandatory association with the GTIN or with the identification of the content of the Logistic unit
(424) Country of Processing (01) or (02) Mandatory association with the GTIN or with the identification of the content of the Logistic unit
(425) Country of Disassembly (01) or (02) Mandatory association with the GTIN or with the identification of the content of the Logistic unit
(426) Country Covering Full Process Chain
(01) or (02) Mandatory association with the GTIN or with the identification of the content of the Logistic unit
(427) Region Code of the Country of Origin of the Trade Item
(01) or (02) and (422)
Mandatory association with the GTIN and with the ISO Country Code
(7001) NATO Number Stock (01) or (02) Mandatory association with the GTIN or with the identification of the content of the Logistic unit
(7002) UN Meat Carcasses and Cuts Classification
(01) or (02) Mandatory association with the GTIN or with the identification of the content of the Logistic unit
(7003) Date and Time of Validity (01) or (02) Mandatory association with the GTIN or with the identification of the content of the Logistic unit
(7004) Active Potency (01) or (10) Mandatory association with the GTIN and with the Batch Code
(7005) Catch Area (01) or (02) Mandatory association with the GTIN or with the identification of the content of the Logistic unit
(7006) First Freeze Date (01) or (02) Mandatory association with the GTIN or with the identification of the content of the Logistic unit
(7007) Harvest Date (01) or (02) Mandatory association with the GTIN or with the identification of the content of the Logistic unit
(7008) FAO Code of Fish Species (01) or (02) Mandatory association with the GTIN or with the identification of the content of the Logistic unit
(7009) Fishing Gear Type (01) or (02) Mandatory association with the GTIN or with the identification of the content of the Logistic unit
(7010) Production method (01) or (02) Mandatory association with the GTIN or with the identification of the content of the Logistic unit
(703s) Processor Number (01) or (02) Mandatory association with the GTIN or with the identification of the content of the Logistic unit
(710) National Healthcare Reimbursement Number
(01) Mandatory association with the GTIN of the Trade Item
(711) National Healthcare Reimbursement Number
(01) Mandatory association with the GTIN of the Trade Item
(712) National Healthcare Reimbursement Number
(01) Mandatory association with the GTIN of the Trade Item
(713) National Healthcare Reimbursement Number
(01) Mandatory association with the GTIN of the Trade Item
(8001) Roll Products (01) Mandatory association with variable measure GTIN (e.g. a GTIN with logistic variable 9)
(8005) Price per Unit of Measure (01) or (02)
Mandatory association with a GTIN for variable measure trade items (e.g. GTIN-12 or GTIN-13 for trade items scanned at POS, GTIN-14 with Logistic variable 9 for items not scanned at POS) or the identification of variable measures contained in the Logistic unit
(8007) International Bank Account Number (IBAN)
(8020) and (415) Mandatory association with the Payment slip reference number and of the GLN of the invoicing party
(8008) Date and Time of Production (01) or (02) Mandatory association with the GTIN or with the identification of the content of the Logistic unit
(8011) Component/Part Identification Serial Number
(8010) Mandatory association with the part/component identifier
(8019) Service Relation Instance Number
(8018) Mandatory association with a GSRN Identification Key
(8020) Payment Slip Reference Number
(415) Mandatory association with the GLN of the invoicing party
(8200) Extended Packaging URL (01) Mandatory association with the GTIN
N – Digit number in the GTIN structure (e.g. N=1 is the first digit of the GTIN)
*(3nnn) the first three digits are 312, 313, 324, 325, 326, 327, 328 and 329
**(3nnn) the first three digits are 310, 311, 314, 315, 316, 320, 321, 322, 323, 350, 351, 352, 356, 360, 361, 364, 365 and 366
***(3nnn) where the first three digits are 330, 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 346, 347, 348, 349, 353, 354, 355, 362, 363, 368 and 369
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Figure 31. Invalid Combinations of Application Identifiers
AI DESIGNATION AI DESIGNATION COMMENTS
(01) Identification of the Trade Item
(01) Identification of the Trade Item
Duplication of GTINs with different values
(01) Identification of the Trade Item
(02) Identification of the content of the Logistic unit
AI(02) cannot be used for the identification of trade items contained in a trade item
(01) Identification of the Trade Item
(37) Count of Units Contained The count of Units contained would duplicate the master data of the GTIN
(242) Variation Number of the Request under Order
(01) or (02) with Variable
Logistics other than 9
Identification of Variable Measure Trade Item
Variation Under-Order only can be used the GTIN-14, with logistic variable 9
(420) Ship to Post Code, single postal authority
(421) Ship to Post Code with ISO Country Codes List
Only one ship to postal code may be
applied on an item
(422) Country of Origin of a Trade Item
(426) Country of full processing Duplication of the Country of Origin of the Trade Item (covered by country of full processing)
(423) Country of Initial Processing
(426) Country of full processing Duplication of the Country of Initial Processing (covered by country of full processing)
(424) Country of Processing
(426) Country of full processing Duplication of the Country of Processing (covered by country of full processing)
(425) Country of Disassembly
(426) Country of full processing Duplication of the Country of Disassembly (covered by country of full processing)
(390n)
Amount Payable or Coupon Value - Single monetary zone
(391n) Amount Payable - with ISO currency code
Only one amount payable, Data Element can be applied to a payment slip or coupon
(392n)
Amount Payable for a Variable measure trade item - Single monetary zone
(393n)
Amount Payable for a Variable measure trade item and the ISO currency code
Only one amount payable, Data Element can be applied to a variable measure trade item
(710), (711, 712, 713
(nnn)
National Healthcare Reimbursement Number
Any AI (01) with allowable attributes
Any GTIN with allowable attributes
When the NHRN(s) are applied to a physical trade item with the mandatory association to the GTIN, any attribute of IAs must only be processed with the GTIN and not with the NHRN(s) alone (IAs 710, 711, 712, 713…)
8006 Identification of Component
01 Identification of the Trade Item
Other GTINs cannot be used with AI(8006). The Trade Item is identified by a GTIN contained in the AI(8006)
8018 Global Service Relation Number for the Recipient
8017 Global Service Relation Number for the Provider
Only one Global Service Relation Number (recipient or provider) can be applied at one time for identification of an individual in a given service relationship
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10. Appendix 3 – Glossary of Terms
CONCEPT DEFINITION
An - Alphanumeric Describes a set of characters that contain alphabetical characters (letters), numeric characters (numbers) and other characters such as punctuation marks.
Application Identifier
(AI)
The field of two or more characters at the beginning of an Element String that uniquely defines its format and meaning.
Automatic Identification and Data Capture
(AIDC)
Abbreviation for Automatic Identification and Data Capture.
A technology used to automatically capture data. AIDC technologies include barcode symbols, smart cards, biometrics and RFID.
Batch / Lot The batch or lot number associates an item with information the manufacturer considers relevant for traceability of the trade item. The data may refer to the trade item itself or to items contained.
Carrier
Party undertaking the transportation of goods from one point to another.
The party that provides freight transportation services or a physical or electronic mechanism that carries data.
Carrier/ Forwarder
The carrier is the entity undertaking the transportation of goods from one point to another. The freight forwarder is the party arranging the carriage of goods including connected services and/or associated formalities on behalf of a shipper or consignee/recipient.
Check Digit A digit calculated from the other digits of an Element String, used to check that the data has been correctly composed (see GS1 Check Digit Calculation).
Company Number
A component of the GS1 Company Prefix. GS1 Local Member Organisations assign GS1 Company Prefixes to entities that administer the allocation of GS1 System identification numbers. These entities may be, for example, commercial companies, not for profit organisations, governmental agencies, and business units within organisations. Criteria to qualify for the assignment of a GS1 Company Prefix are set by the GS1 Local Member Organisations.
Concatenation The representation of several data in one barcode symbol/line (in the GS1 System through the usage of several Application Identifiers)
Consignee / Recipient
The party by whom the goods, cargo or containers are meant to be received. The actual physical receipt can take place by another party.
Consignor / Shipper
The party by whom the goods, cargo or containers are sent. The physical dispatch can be done by another party.
Consolidation The grouping together of individual consignments of goods into a combined consignment for carriage.
Consumer Unit Any item (product or service) presented in a package size agreed by trading partners as the size sold to end costumers at the retail point of sale.
Cross – Docking
Cross docking (Quay to Quay or Flow Through Distribution) is a distribution system, which does not store but prepares the received goods in a distribution centre or in a hub for the immediate reshipment to shops. The preparations per store are done by the supplier and/or retailer.
Cross docking can be applied in different ways:
Pre-packed cross docking or allotment performed by the manufacturer: the preparation of logistic units
(cases, pallets…) for shops is made by the supplier upfront. Afterwards, these logistic units are received
and stored on the quay of the distribution centre or the hub. Then they are regrouped with other logistic
units arriving from another manufacturer in order to be routed without any further manipulation
towards their final shipment point.
In this particular case, it is the supplier who places the logistic labels (including, among others, the final consignee’s location information) on the logistic unit.
Intermediate handling cross docking: the preparation for shops is performed in the distribution centre.
The logistic units (cases, pallets...) are received, split up and re-packed in another logistic units,
despatch by the distribution center and delivered to the final recipient. These new logistic units are
regrouped by destination point with those of other manufacturers.
In this case, it is the distribution centre that places the logistics labels on the newly regrouped logistic units.
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CONCEPT DEFINITION
Data title Data titles are the abbreviated descriptions of data fields, which are used to support manual interpretation of barcodes.
Despatch advice Document by means of which the seller or shipper/consignor informs the recipiente/consignee or buyer about the dispatch of goods.
Distribution Centre
A place specially designed for receipt, storage, material handling, reconditioning and shipping of products, on a short period of time as orders are fulfilled, commonly on a daily basis.
Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG)
Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG), also known as Consumer Packaged Goods (CPG), are products that have a quick turnover, and relatively low cost. Consumers generally put less thought into the purchase of FMCG than they do for other products. Though the absolute profit made on FMCG products is relatively small, they generally sell in large numbers and so the cumulative profit on such products can be large.
Examples of FMCG generally includes a wide range of frequently purchased consumer products such as toiletries, soap, cosmetics, teeth cleaning products, shaving products and detergents, as well as other non-durables such as glassware, bulbs, batteries, paper products and plastic goods. FMCG may also include pharmaceuticals, consumer electronics, packaged food products and drinks, although these are often categorised separately.
FMCG products can be thought of in contrast with consumer durables, which are generally replaced less than once a year (e.g. kitchen appliances).
Function 1 Symbol Character
(FNC 1)
A symbology element used to form the double start pattern of a GS1-128 Barcode Symbol. It is also used to separate certain concatenated data fields (Element Strings), dependent on their positioning in the barcode symbol.
Global Location Number
(GLN)
The GS1 Identification Key used to identify physical locations or legal entities. The key is comprised of a GS1 Company Prefix, Location Reference and Check Digit.
Global Trade Item Number
(GTIN)
Identification of a trade item, which is defined as any item (product or service) upon, which there is a need to retrieve pre-defined information and that may be priced or ordered or invoiced at any point in any supply chain.
A Global Trade Item Number® may use the GTIN-8, GTIN-12, GTIN-13, or GTIN-14 Data Structure.
GS1 Check Digit Calculation
A GS1 System algorithm for the calculation of a Check Digit to verify accuracy of data. (e.g.:
Modulo 10 check digit).
GS1 Company Prefix
Part of the GS1 System identification number consisting of a GS1 Prefix (in Portugal “560”) and a Company
Number, both of which are allocated by GS1 Member Organisations.
GS1 General Specifications
Defines the GS1 System data and application standards related to the marking and automatic identification of trade items, locations, logistic units, assets, and more using barcodes, RFID, and GS1 Identification Keys.
GS1 Logistics Label
Standardised format of the label, which has been defined by GS1. This label is appropriate for all logistic units.
GS1-128 barcode symbology
A subset of the Code 128 that is utilised exclusively for GS1 System data structures.
ISO/IEC 1541
ISO/IEC 15459-1
Barcode symbology, Specification, Code 128.
Unique Identifier for transport unit. Also known as “ISO Licence Plate”.
Logistic unit An item of any composition established for transport and/or storage that needs to be managed through the supply chain. It is identified with SSCC.
Multi-modal transport
The carriage of goods and/or equipments at least through two different means of transport.
Quiet Zone A clear space containing no machine-readable marks ((whatever may be the type of printing), which precedes the Start Character of a barcode symbol and follows the Stop Character. Formerly referred to as “Clear Area” or “Light Margin”.
Receiving Advice Document by means of which the recipiente/consignee or buyer informs the seller or shipper/consignor about the reception of goods.
Restricted Circulation Numbers
(RCN)
Signifies a GS1 identification number used for special applications in restricted environments, defined by the local GS1 Member Organisation (e.g., restricted within a country, company, industry). They are allocated by GS1 for either internal use by companies or to GS1 Member Organisations for assignment based on business needs in their country (e.g., variable measure product identification).
SSCC Term used for the Serial Shipping Container Code. This GS1 Identification Key is used to identify logistic units. The key uses an 18 digit data structure comprising the Extension Digit, the GS1 Company Prefix, Serial Reference and Check Digit.
Ultimate Consignee / Last Recipient
Party who is the final recipient of a consignment.
Warehouse A place specially designed for receipt, storage, material handling, reconditioning and shipping of products
X – dimension The specified width of the narrowest element in a barcode symbol.
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11. Appendix 4 – FAQ
1. Who decides the content of the SSCC?
It is the creator of the logistic unit who allocates the SSCC. The recipient may not impose the
structure of the SSCC on the supplier. The SSCC and the GTIN are separate numbering systems,
with their own rules for number allocation.
2. Is the extension digit in SSCC always ‘3’?
No. The extension digit may vary from 0 to 9, and its use is left at the discretion of the company
generating logistic labels – does not always have to be ‘3’.
3. Are the brackets present in the GS1-128 barcode?
No, the brackets containing AI’s are not present in GS1-128 barcode. The brackets are only used
in the human readable text under the barcode to differentiate separate data elements. GS1-128
software recognizes different information on the basis of the standardized AI format.
4. What is an FNC1? What is it used for?
The Function 1 Symbol Character (FNC1) is a symbology element used to form the double start pattern of GS1-128 barcode symbol. It is also used to separate certain concatenated data fields
(Element Strings), dependent on their positioning in the barcode symbol.
Following the Start Character: this double start pattern (start character + FNC1) is
reserved for GS1 System applications worldwide. This makes it possible to distinguish
GS1-128 barcode symbols from other non-standard symbols. This FNC1 is encoded in
the barcode.
As a separator: all data fields (element strings) that do not have a pre-defined (fixed)
length must be followed by an FNC1 separator when followed by another data field
(element string) in a single barcode symbol. An FNC1 character is not required at the
end of the last data field (element string) represented in a GS1-128 barcode symbol.
This FNC1 corresponds to ASCII character 29 (<GS>)
5. Which subset must preferably be used in GS1-128
barcode? A, B or C?
The Start Character of set C should always be used when the data inclusive of the AI begins with
four or more numeric characters. Character set C is preferred as it encodes data with double density. This way, the length of the barcode is optimized. Sets A and B do not have this double
density characteristic. Characters sets A and B should only be used when alphanumeric characters
are encoded or when at the end of the barcode odd-numbered positions occur. For example,
when using character set C and further on in the barcode an alphanumeric character appears,
then a change must be made from character set C to A or B. Whether to use of A or B depends
on the type of data that follows.
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6. Where extra human readable information (non
barcode encoded) should be placed?
Where human readable information is legally required (e.g., dangerous goods, maximum
temperature for frozen goods) in some countries the law requires food “NOT FOR HUMAN
CONSUMPTION” to be clearly marked as such must follow the local legal requirements. These
legal requirements may include font size, the location of the information, the exact wording, etc.
Such information is perhaps best suited to a separate informational label. However, if the labeler
so wishes, e.g. to avoid the costs of an additional label) and it is in line with legal requirements,
the content of the top block is free and the content is provide at their discretion.
7. Which recommendations regarding affixing the pallet
label should be taken into consideration in order to
obtain a maximum readability?
For film-wrapped pallets, affix the label above the film, not under the film, otherwise
reflection will disturb the scanning.
On pallets containing fresh/frozen products, apply labels that are resistant to humidity.
On pallets that are stored outside / exposed to bad weather circumstances, apply labels
that are resistant to these environments.
Use a label sticker. If you are obliged to use a label card or a loose paper (e.g. when the
pallet is not film wrapped), make sure that it is well affixed to the pallet content.
Different types of adhesives exist according to the type of surface (cartons, plastic,
film…). Before affixing labels, contact your label supplier to receive the appropriate
information.
8. What factors influence the choice of A6 or A5 format?
The factors influences are:
The amount of data
Availability of the data
Scanning/reading environment
Business requirements
Unit dimensions
Processing situation