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Petroleum Development Oman L.L.C.

Guideline for the Use of Scaffolding

UNRESTRICTED Document Number : GU-363

August 2000

Keywords:

This document is the property of Petroleum Development Oman, LLC. Neither the

whole nor any part of this document may be disclosed to others or reproduced, storedin a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form by any means (electronic,

mechanical, reprographic recording or otherwise) without prior written consent of the

owner.

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Guideline for the Use of Scaffolding Version 1.0

Authorised For Issue 01/08/2000

Signed : ______________________________________

Ali Al Jahadhmy, OTE/3

Corporate Functional Discipline Head – Civil Engineering

The following is a brief summary of the most recent revision to this document.

Version No. Date Author Scope/ Remarks

Version 1.0 August 2000 Dr. Ben Taal First Issue.

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Contents

1. Introduction………………………………………….. 1

1.1. Background………………………………………….. 1

1.2 Purpose……………………………………………… 1

1.3 Distribution/Target Audience & Further Copies…… 1

1.4 Review & Improvement…………………………….. 11.5 Related Business Control Documents……………….. 1

1.6 Appendix 1: Glossary of Terms

1.7 Appendix 2: References

1.8 Appendix 3: Scaffold Manual

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1. Introduction

1.1 Background

Following a corporate HSE-MS audit conducted on the Permanent Accommodation for Contractors

(PAC) project in November 1999, the single “high” finding was related to scaffolding where controls

were not fully in place. It was agreed that a guideline for scaffolding would be beneficial Companywide.

1.2 Purpose

The purpose of this document is to offer guidance to contractor supervisors, company line

management and HSE advisors on the correct and safe use of scaffolding and access platforms. The guideline complements the information contained within Chapter 9 of the

HSE-SM.

1.3 Distribution/Target Audience & Further Copies

This Guideline is available on EDMS and targeted at:

Contractor supervisors

Company site supervisors

Line management

HSE Advisors

1.4Review & Improvement

The custodian of this document is the CFDH for Civil Engineering (OTE/3) to whom anycomments or improvement proposals should be sent. It will be subject to regular review.

1.5 Related Business Control Documents

Document Reference

Health and Safety Standards Manual Rev Oct 96

Civil and Building Design Criteria ERD 17-04

Civil and Building Construction Specification ERD 17-01

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1.6 Appendix 1: Glossary of Terms and Definitions

Some of the more common definitions used in connection with scaffolding are listed below:

T T y y p peess aanndd DDiimmeennssiioonnss oof f SSccaaf f f f oollddss

Bay Space between the centrelines of two adjacent standards along the

face of a scaffold.Foot lift Lift erected nearest to the ground.Free-standing scaffold A scaffold which is not attached to any other structure and is stable

against overturning on its own account, or if necessary, assisted by

guys or rakers and anchors.

Independent tied scaffold A scaffold which has two lines of standards, one line supporting

the outside of the deck and one to the inside. The transoms are not built into the wall at the structure. It is not free standing, but is tied

into the structure to prevent overturning.

Lift The assembly of ledgers and transoms forming each horizontallevel of a scaffold.

Scaffold A temporary structure which provides access, or from which

persons work, or which is used to support materials, plant or equipment.

Slung scaffold A scaffold hanging on tubes, ropes or chains from a structure

overhead. It is not capable of being moved or lowered.

Suspended scaffold A scaffold hanging on ropes which is capable of being suspended,

or raised and lowered.

TTuubbuullaarr MMeemmbbeerrss aanndd BBeeaammss

Brace A tube placed diagonally with respect to the vertical or horizontal

members of a scaffold and fixed to them to afford structuralstrength.

Bridle A horizontal tube fixed across an opening or parallel to the face of a structure to support the inner end of a putlog, transom or tie tube.

Bolted tie Assembly of nuts, bolts, anchors, rings or tubes fixed into the

surface of a structure.Butting transom Transom extended inwards to butt the structure to prevent

scaffolding moving inwards.

Face brace A brace parallel to the face of a structure.

Guard-rail A member incorporated in a structure to prevent the fall of a person

from a platform or access way.Knee brace A brace across the comer of an opening in a scaffold to stiffen the

angles or to stiffen the end support of a beam.

Ledger A longitudinal tube normally fixed parallel to the face of a structure

in the direction of the larger dimensions of scaffold. It acts as asupport for the put logs and transoms and frequently for the tie

tubes and ledger braces and is usually joined to the adjacentstandards.

Ledger brace A brace at right angles to a structure.

Lip tie An assembly of tubes forming an L- or J- shaped hook round aninside surface of a structure.

Longitudinal brace A brace generally in the plane of the longer dimension of the

scaffold, particularly in 'bird-cages'.Movable tie A tie which may be temporarily moved for the execution of work.

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OOtthheerr TTeerrmmss iinn GGeenneerraall UUssee

Brick guard A metal or other fender filling the gap between the guard-rail andtoe board and sometimes incorporating one or both of these

components.

Buttressing The fixing of additional tubes of 45' between the ground and thecorner or side of a structure to increase the stability of the structure.

Also known as stabilisingKentledge Dead weight built in or added to a structure to ensure adequate

stability.

Protection fans Devices attached to scaffolding to intercept anything which may

fall from the scaffold structure. Fans may be made of netting,canvas or plastic sheeting, corrugated iron or special purpose

panelling. There are 4 classes:

Class A - Light duty to protect pedestrians from pain or cementdroppings

Class B - Medium duty for protection against falling aggregate and

bricks from a height not exceeding 10 metresClass C - For catching objects larger and heavier than bricks or for

bricks falling from a height greater than 10 metes and

designed specifically for this applicationClass D - For arresting the fall of a person or similar weight from a height of 6 metres or the distance of 2

building stores

Stabilising Also known as buttressing

Stagings Prefabricated, longitudinal platforms made from selected timber,

reinforced with metal tie rods and wires. They are used as working

platforms.Toe board Up stand at the edge of a platform, intended to prevent materials or

operatives' feet from slipping off the platform.Working platform Deck from which building operations are carried out.

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1.7 Appendix 2: References

PDO HSE Standards Manual Chapters 4, 9, 11 & 13.PDO Colour Coding, Lifting equipment bi-annual cycle. PDO ES CS 80 01.

PDO Hazard Management in Contracts Guidelines, Appendix V, Generic Listing

BBrriittiisshh SSttaannddaarrddss IInnssttiittuuttiioonn

BBSS EENN sseerriieess

131-1 Ladders: Specification for terms, types and functional sizes

131-2 Ladders: Specification for requirements, testing methods and performancerequirements

696 Fibre ropes for general service - polyamide

697 Fibre ropes for general service - polyester

698 Fibre ropes for general service - manila and sisal

699 Fibre ropes for general service - polypropylene700 Fibre ropes for general service - polyethylene

701 Fibre ropes for general service - general specification1261 Fibre ropes for general service - hemp

BBSS sseerriieess

1139 Metal Scaffolding Parts I to 5

2482 Specification for timber scaffold boards

5973 Code of practice for access and working scaffolds and special scaffoldstructures in steel

5974 Code of practice for temporarily installed suspended scaffolds and access

equipment

5306 Part 3. Installation and Maintenance, Fire Extinguisher.

5423 Fire Extinguishers.

1692 Specification for gin blocks

2830 Specification for suspended access equipment, etc.

2037 Specification for portable timber ladders, steps, trestles and lightweight

stagings.

1129 Specification for portable aluminium ladders, steps, trestles and lightweight

stagings

6651 Protection of structures against lightning

CCoonnssttrruuccttiioonn IInndduussttrr y y T Trraaiinniinngg BBooaarrdd..

CITB Construction Site Safety Notes

NNaattiioonnaall A A ssssoocciiaattiioonn SSccaaf f f f oollddiinngg CCoonnttrraaccttoorrss..

Typical Hand-Over Certificate and SCAFFTAG

A A mmeerriiccaann W Weellddiinngg SSoocciieett y y..

Procedure qualification- AWS D10.9 Specification for qualification of welding procedures for piping and tubing

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11..88 A A p p p peennddiixx 33:: SSccaaf f f f oolldd MMaannuuaall

IInnttrroodduuccttiioonn

This Safety Standard covers various aspects of Design, Erection and Dismantling of Scaffolding,including relevant references.

Design of Scaffolding must be based on sufficient structural integrity to ensure a safe workingenvironment, including anticipated wind force and soil bearing capacity of the location of erection.

Only Company approved conventional systems and fittings can be utilised during design and erection.Design requirements and proposed substitution, outside conventional systems and material, must be

issued for approval to Company together with associated design calculations, prior to erection.

Construction requirements for foundations shall be adequate for the load imposed on a flattened

surface.

Manufacture’s instructions are to be adhered to during design and erection of conventional and / or

specified systems. No different systems are to be combined into one structure.

Prior to erection parts of scaffold, such as tubes, fittings and foot-boards must be inspected for cleanliness and defects. Defective parts are to be rejected.

Only trained and experienced personnel can be assigned for erection and dismantling of scaffolding,

supervised by qualified staff, and aware of all safety requirements.

Scafftag Identification and Control systems are to be attached to erected scaffold structures displayingthe status of the erected structure(s).

All erected structures must have unobstructed access and egress. Safety instructions are to be

observed at all times.

11.. R R eeqquuiirreemmeennttss..

11..11 CCoonnttrraaccttoorrss

Contractors to PDO involved in work which requires scaffolding may only employ trained and

competent scaffolders to carry out scaffolding work, section 1.2.

11..22 PPeerrssoonnnneell

Training of scaffolders shall be carried out to standards approved by PDO. All personnel employed

for the purpose of erecting, modifying or dismantling scaffolding on PDO assets or others, will belongto one of the categories listed in Table 1 which details the requirements for those personnel.

Exceptions to the above requirements, e.g. the erection of proprietary system scaffold by unqualified personnel, is referred to under System Scaffold section 3.3.

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Table l

Job Category Qualifications Experience

Scaffold Inspector CITB Advanced Scaffolder or NVQ level 3"Accessing"

After qualification, 3 years workingas an Advance Scaffolder, the third

year of which must be spent

working with an inspector.Must hold certificate of

demonstrated competence in

scaffold inspection, as specified by

current employer.

Advanced

Scaffolder

CITB Advance Scaffolder or

NVQ Level 3 "Accessing"

Minimum experience 12 months

on-site experience as a Basic

Scaffolder

Basic Scaffolder CITB Basic Scaffolder Part 2 or NVQ level 2

"Accessing"

Minimum 12 months planned on-

site experience as a TraineeScaffolder.

Trainee Scaffolder CITB Basic Scaffolder Part 1 or NVQ level 1

"Accessing, continuing towards CITB Basic

Scaffolder part 2.or NVQ Level 2 “Accessing”Undertaken with an approved accredited training

institute.

Minimum 6 months continuous on

site working along side Basic

Scaffolder.

Labourer/Helper. A company Health and Safety induction certificate.

Most experienced scaffolding personnel currently working in contracting companies may be of

expatriate nationality, and therefore may not hold (CITB) Construction Industry Training Board or

(NVQ) National Vocational Qualification Levels 1, 2, or 3. Experience certificates may beaccompanied by theory based qualifications such as diplomas, degrees etc.

11..22..11 PPeerrssoonnnneell R R eeccoorrddss

Personnel records of scaffolders shall be maintained and kept up to date by the contractor and be

available for inspection by PDO. They shall show:a) full name of employee

b) date of Birth

c) job category

d) employment application or personal dated sheet (resumes)e) company service agreement

f) copy of employee papers. (with visa page, labour permits, NOC’s)

g) authorisation for the release of personal data and record informationh) records of disciplinary actions and unsatisfactory performance

i) records of exceptional performance and achievements

j) medical assessment reportsk) resignation notices

l) copy of PDO passes and driving license

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22.. R R eeqquueesstt f f oorr SSccaaf f f f oollddiinngg

Unless making part of the contractors obligations, additional requests for erection, modification or

dismantling of scaffolding shall be raised by the Company.

33.. DDeessiiggnn

33..11 DDeessiiggnn R R eeqquuiirreemmeennttss

The access and working scaffolds listed in Table 2, with their construction criteria, shall be designed

by the contractor in accordance with appropriate British Standard 1139. It is the contractors

responsibility to cater for requirements encountered at each designated place of operation. In all caseswind force, soil preparation and slope conditions are design criteria and subject to specific design

types.

All other scaffolds, and all scaffolds which are the subject of a specific user request outside the pre-specified format of Table 2, shall be designed together with all the necessary drawings by the

contractor to the requirements set out in BS 5973.

Various scaffolding systems are commercially available. However only Company approved systems,

equipment and material is to be utilised. No combination of different systems can be made unlessapproved in writing by the Company.

Table 2 – Loads and Dimensions for Tube and Fittings Scaffold.

Type of Scaffold Use of

Scaffold

Scaffold

loading

per m2

Maximum

number of

working

platforms

Maximum

spacing

between

Standards

Typical load examples per bay

Very light duty

independent

Inspection

access and

painting

75 kg 1 working

platform

2.7 m 1 man and tools. No materials

Light duty

independent

Power

cleaning, painting, light

engineering

150 kg 2 working

platforms

2.4 m 2 men and tools. No materials

General purpose

independent

Light

engineering,

e.g. welding

or electrical

200 kg 2 working

platforms

and 1 at

very lightduty

2.1 m 2 men and 175 kg of materials

Heavy duty

independent

Heavy

engineering,

e.g. large

pipework or structural

250 kg 2 working

platforms

and 1 atvery light

duty

2.0 m 2 men and 250 kg of materials

Special purpose To be stated on design drawings

33..22 DDeessiiggnn T T y y p peess

In all cases, the following scaffold types are subject to specific design by the contractor.

• access scaffolds above 50m in height

• hanging or slung scaffolds

• external free standing scaffolds

• scaffolds required to withstand anticipated wind force to safeguard personnel and equipment

• false work and support scaffolds dependant on soil / slope conditions

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• extra heavy duty scaffolds in excess of the heavy duty specification in Table 2

• loading platform for loads exceeding 2.5 kN/m2

• lifting access scaffolds

• public access scaffolds

• temporary roofs

• offshore overside scaffolds

Note: Hanging or slung scaffolds for onshore application do not normally provide the facility of

conducting a lightning strike to earth and during the design of such scaffolds, consideration

shall be given to suitable earthing arrangements. For further information and details of

earthing methods , reference BS Code 6651.

33..33 SS y ysstteemm SSccaaf f f f oolldd

System scaffolds are proprietary systems fabricated from steel or aluminium alloy and comprise acomplete set of unique components capable of assembly into a scaffold structure without the use of

any other equipment.

Using such systems, structures under 2.0 m in height and not exceeding 18 m3

in volume may be

erected by personnel unqualified, under the guidance of qualified scaffolders. reference table 1.

All structures shall be subject to a SCAFFTAG system reference 9.2. In the case of wireline

operations access, structures may be erected and inspected by Advanced Scaffolders with at least one

year experience in that category. reference table 1.

Personnel erecting system scaffold shall be able to read and fully understand the manufacturer’sinstructions and shall follow these instructions at all times. If instructions are not available, work shall

not proceed unless under the supervision of a qualified person.

When using system scaffold, particular attention is drawn to the following:

Instructions shall be obtained from the system manufacturer when deviations outside the normal

system parameters are required, or when sheeting or fans are added, or other changes made, whichwill affect the structural loading on the system. When manufacturer’s instructions are not available,

deviations shall be the subject of specific designs.

33..44 GGeenneerraall A A cccceessss SSccaaf f f f oolldd

General access, or conventional scaffolding is constructed using steel tube, fittings and boards. The

main elements of conventional scaffolding are shown in Enclosure 4 figure 1a.

Construction requirements are as follows:

Foundations shall be adequate for the load imposed at each standard and for the weight of the wholescaffold. Sole boards shall be used under steel base plates if there is a danger of the steel base plate

sinking into the ground surface or where base plates are unavoidably located over grating.

Standards are vertical or near to vertical supports, which carry the scaffolds weight and loads

imposed to the supporting structure. Each standard shall be vertical and generally pitched on steel

base plates not more than 2.7 m apart. Joints shall be staggered on adjacent standards so that they donot occur on the same lift. reference enclosure 4 figure 1a.

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Ledgers shall be horizontal, placed inside the standards and clamped to them with right angle

couplers. Joints shall be staggered so that in adjacent ledgers they do not occur in the same bay.Ledgers (including Transoms) are available in bay lengths i.e. 2.50 m. 1.80m and 1.3m.Transom bay

sizes required in between the stated dimensions can be formed utilising cut scaffold tubes with specialend insert system connectors and purpose cut timber boards (when under 2.5m in length). This forms

an adjustable bay length when scaffold runs are required to fixed dimensions and cannot be attained

with standard equipment. reference enclosure 4 figure 1a.

Transoms are tubes spanning across a ledger to form the support for boards of the work platformshall be spaced at no more than 1.5 m. They should be extended inwards and outwards as necessary to

create the necessary support. reference enclosure 4 figure 1a.

Ties shall be provided on all scaffolds to prevent inward and outward movement. Frequency of ties

shall be fitted at a minimum ratio of one tie for every 40m sq. of scaffold area and shall be evenly

distributed throughout the scaffold. reference BS 5973. The type of tie will depend on the tyingrequirements and the nature of the structure. reference enclosure 4 figure 1b.

Bracing shall be installed on all scaffolds to ensure rigidity. The following minimum requirements

apply:

• bracing shall be fixed as near as possible to node points

• bracing shall be erected, minimum one every six standards

• bracing must be at an angle of 45o, or as near to that angle as possible

• all bracing shall start from base plate level

• only load bearing fittings shall be usedreference enclosure 4 figure 1a.

Boards shall be securely fastened and be supported to meet the requirements set out in Table 3.

Table 3. Maximum span of Scaffold Boards

Nominal Thickness of

Board

Maximum Span

between Supports

Minimum Overhang Maximum

Overhang

mm m mm mm

38 1.5 50 150

50 2.6 50 200

63 3.25 50 250

Guard-rails and Toeboards shall be fitted to all platforms of 2m or higher. The upper guard-rail

shall be positioned at a level between 0.9 m and 1.15 m above the platform. Toeboards shall be atleast 150 mm height and the space between the toeboard and the guard-rail shall not exceed 0.75 m.

reference enclosure 4 figures 1a.

Tube end caps are mandatory for all tubes on erected scaffolds where personnel may come intocontact with tube ends and risk injury.

33..55 MMaatteerriiaallss

In all cases access equipment, whether tube and fittings, proprietary systems or special equipment

shall be suitable in all respects for its intended application. For the majority of applications this willentail

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the use of steel tube, fittings and boards in accordance with (Table 4). However, there are certain

circumstances where the use of proprietary systems manufactured from steel or aluminium or the use

of special equipment is indicated.

Typical indications for the use of such systems and equipment are general access purposes for inspection or cleaning of street lights, high ceilings, guttering, etc. where the access is required for a

short period only or is required to be easily moveable and there is a firm footing. In these

circumstances, the use of proprietary systems or special equipment may show substantial cost savings

with conventional steel tubing.

Before a decision is made on the type of access equipment, the nature of the intended task must be

fully examined and the compatibility of the intended task and its location with the equipment

application must be assessed.

Table 4 – Scaffold Material Standards

Material Standard Additional Requirements

Steel tube BS 1139

Parts 1 and 2

Only galvanised tube to be used. Used

tubes to be regularly inspected and cleaned.

All tubes to be checked before use for

corrosion and general condition. Defectivetubes to be discarded. Butt welded tubes

may be used on condition that the welding

has been carried out to an approved

procedure; reference. enclosure 4 figure 11, AR-1

Welding Procedure Qualification.

Fittings BS 1139Parts 1 and 2

All fittings to be examined before use for damage and wear. Damaged or worn

fittings to be discarded. No heat to beapplied to fittings. Moving parts to be

lubricated.

Boards BS 2482 Where any hot work is to be carried out,

boards shall be protected with a non-

combustible covering which shall be laidand tied in such a way that it shall not

constitute a hazard. reference HSE. SM Chapter

9 revision 1.

When scaffolding is erected in areas where high levels of radiated heat are unavoidably encountered,e.g. where high temperature pipework is in close proximity, timber scaffold boards may be exposed to

the risk of burning or charring. Alternatively, the use of pressed steel staging boards is acceptable.reference enclosure 4 figure 2.

Note: Aluminium tubes, fittings, components and proprietary system frames are vulnerable in the

case of fire and are potentially spark producing, and not to be used in hydro carbon

environment.

If they are to be used where flammable atmospheres could be present during normal operations, their use shall be controlled under the work permit system reference enclosure 4 figure 9 and precautions

specified to ensure a safe atmosphere is provided. If a safe atmosphere cannot be reliably provided, it

will be the sole responsibility of the contractor to ensure equipment manufactured from steel shall beused.

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4 A A nncciillllaarr y y EEqquuii p pmmeenntt 44..11 GGiinn BBlloocck k ss

Gin blocks shall be used to lift materials only when the load to be lifted does not exceed 50kg. Gin

blocks shall never be used for personnel transfer.

A gin block shall be mounted on a cantilever tube projecting outwards from the scaffold at a

maximum distance, which shall not exceed 750mm. This supporting tube shall be attached to twostandards.

Ring type gin blocks should be used when possible. If a hook type gin block is used it should be wire

lashed to the supporting tube and not hooked into a tube or into a fitting, and the mouth of the hook is

to be securely lashed. A coupler should be placed on either side of the ring or lashing to preventmovement. reference enclosure 4 figure 3.

Ropes shall be of a size compatible with the gin block in use, and shall comply with appropriate

British Standards. enclosure 3 references.

55.. T Too w w eerr SSccaaf f f f oollddss

Tower scaffolds are 4-legged structures which may be tied to a building or be free-standing. Free-standing towers may have vertically adjustable legs and may be mounted on castors to make them

mobile.

The various types of tower scaffold are grouped as follows:

• prefabricated from aluminium alloy

• prefabricated from steel

• system scaffolds made from steel

• tube and fittings made from steel or aluminium

Note: The use of aluminium alloy in the construction of any type of tower is not permitted at PDO.reference hazardous area Zone 0 Zone 1 PDO HSE SM. Chapter 9 revision 1.

The different types of prefabricated tower available are erected in different ways. End user shallensure that adequate manufacturer's instruction manuals or guides are available before construction of a tower commences. Regardless of the type of tower to be erected, care shall be taken not to impede

access and egress routes in the vicinity of the tower.

Simple tower scaffolds of the prefabricated or system type may be erected, and altered by persons notqualified as scaffolders having undergone training as in table 1. However, any tower structure more

extensive and sophisticated than a simple 4-legged layout, or a tower constructed from tube and

fittings shall only be erected by qualified scaffolders and shall be subject to the SCAFFTAG system.

55..11 LLooaaddiinngg

For prefabricated and system towers the manufacturer's instructions will specify the maximum permitted loads on the structure and these load restrictions shall be taken into account when selecting

the type to be used. For towers constructed from tube and fittings, the maximum loading is 75kg/m2.

55..22 FFoouunnddaattiioonnss

The tower foundation shall be capable of sustaining the total load at all times during its erection and

use so that a stable condition is maintained. Towers shall not be erected directly on recently made up

ground or on lightweight manhole covers and timber spanning excavations. The legs of static towers

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shall always rest on metal base plates or castors and the load spread by timber soleplates at least 225

mm wide by 40 mm deep and long enough to ensure no undue ground settlement.

Castors on mobile towers shall be at least 125 mm in diameter and shall be stamped with their

maximum permissible loading. They shall be capable of being locked in position so the tower cannotmove while in use. Castors shall be used on hard level surfaces.

Adjustable legs may be needed to ensure that the tower is vertical. These legs shall not be used to

extend the height of the tower and the maximum extension specified by the manufacturer shall not beexceeded.

Adjustable legs and castors shall be prevented from falling out of the vertical tubes and if locking

devices are used, they shall be correctly engaged.

55..33 V V eerrttiiccaall aanndd HHoorriizzoonnttaall MMeemmbbeerrss

The vertical members on system towers are normally joined by socket and spigot connections. Theseshall be properly seated and any locking pins correctly engaged. Vertical members shall be

maintained upright to prevent critical effects on stability and structural stresses.

Connections shall be properly tightened, latching hooks correctly seated and fittings correctly applied.

All components shall be examined before use for damage which might adversely affect their load

capacity. Prefabricated components shall be checked for broken welds, cracks, looseness of fit or

other damage, and where members are connected by latching hooks, these shall be examined toensure that the spring and release trigger are operating correctly. Non-compatible components shall

not be used.

All towers, regardless of the type of component used, shall be adequately braced in all threedimensions. For prefabricated towers, this bracing may be provided by the interlocking arrangements

of the frames but as each type may have different bracing arrangements, reference to manufacturer's

instructions shall always be made. Towers constructed from tube and fittings need facade bracing onall four sides and plan bracing, and a similar approach shall be adopted for system towers unless the

manufacturer specifies otherwise.

66.. SSttrruuccttuurreess aanndd SSttaabbiilliitt y y

66..11 A A lluummiinniiuumm A A ll lloo y y PPrreef f aabbrriiccaatteedd T Too w w eerrss

Alloy towers are very light in weight and their centre of gravity is near the top platform level. Care

shall therefore be taken to ensure their stability and that they cannot overturn during use or be blown

over when left unattended.

Manufacturer's instructions normally specify either the maximum height to which the tower should beerected or the maximum height to smallest base ratio for free-standing towers. These limitations shallalways be followed and in the absence of such information, the ratios shown in enclosure 4 figure 4

shall apply.

Adjustable stabilisers or outriggers may be used to increase the effective base dimension as large as possible so that more section may be added to increase the tower height. Stabilisers (which have pad

feet) and outriggers (which have castors) shall be rigidly fitted to the tower and shall be in firm

contact with the ground or base.

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Stabilisers shall normally only be used on static towers; if they are used on a mobile tower, they need

to be raised slightly before moving the tower or alternatively, the tower reduced to its free-standingheight. Outriggers need plan braces, as specified by the manufacturer.

Where scaffold tubes are used as rakers, the foot of each raker shall be tied back to the tower to

ensure that the raker cannot slip. reference enclosure 4 figure 1b.

Wherever possible, alloy towers shall be securely tied to the structure they serve. Ties shall beconnected at, or adjacent to, positions where standards join horizontal members and care shall betaken to ensure that the ties restrain the tower from moving in any direction. Where the tower cannot

be tied to a structure, the use of guy ropes, ground anchors and ballast weights shall be considered.

Before a mobile tower is moved, its path shall be checked for ground obstructions, overhead power

lines, holes and soft areas. No personnel, tools or materials shall be on the tower during movement

and when the movement is complete, the tower shall be checked for verticality and the castors locked.

66..22 SStteeeell T Too w w eerrss

For prefabricated steel towers use of manufacturer's instructions shall be followed whereas for tube

and fittings using standard tube, the free-standing height to smallest base ratios shown in Table 5 shall

be applied.

Table 5 - Height to smallest Base Ratios for free-standing Steel Towers.

Tower Type Internal External

Static 4:1 3.5:1

Mobile 3.5:1 3.1

reference: enclosure 4 figure 4.

66..33 W Woorrk k PPllaattf f oorrmmss

Platforms shall be at least 600 mm wide; full details of minimum widths for various types of use areshown in Table 6. Working platforms may be made from various materials such as platform boards,

scaffold boards or staging. Where 38 mm or 63 mm timber scaffold boards are used, they shall be

supported at least every 1.5m or 3.2m respectively. Loads shall be evenly distributed on platforms and

be examined before use in accordance with SCAFFTAG systems.

Note: Loose laid plywood sheet are not permitted for use as scaffold boards, staging or platform

boards.

Table 6 - Working Platform Widths.

Purpose Minimum Width Practical width using 225 mm

nominal width boards

Working platform only (nodeposit of materials)

600mm 3 boards

Passage of materials 600 mm 3 boards

Deposit of materials

(a 430 mm passageway must

be maintained)

800 mm 4 boards

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66..44.. GGuuaarrdd R R aaiillss

Tower platforms from which a person could fall more than 2.0m shall be fitted with guard rails

between 1.0m and 1.2m above the platform level. reference PDO HSE SM Chapter 9 revision 1.

66..55 T Tooee BBooaarrddss

Toe boards are required on all working platforms, gangways or runs from which a person or materialscould fall more than 2 m. Toe boards shall normally be placed inside the standards, shall be fixed to

prevent movement and shall be at least 150 mm high. The gap between toe board and guard rail shallnot exceed 750 mm.

66..66.. A A cccceessss The platform shall have a safe means of access and egress.

Vertical ladders should be externally attached. reference Enclosure 4 Figure 8 Tower Access. Clear hand and

foot holds shall be provided. Where vertical heights greater than 9 m, which have to be climbed an

intermediate landing shall be provided. reference PDO HSE Chapter 9 revision 1.

All personnel should be physically suited to the access and egress of towers and platforms, and be

capable of working at heights in all aspects.

Ascending and descending the tower by using the horizontal members is not permitted.

66..77 LLaaddddeerrss,, CCoonnttrraaccttoorrss R R eess p poonnssiibbiill iitt iieess

All ladders shall have a means of individual identification and owners of ladders shall keep and

maintain a register of their ladders.

Contractors responsibilities should include :

• know how and where ladders are being used on the premises

• consider whether any safer system of work or access can be provided

• install permanently fixed ladders wherever possible

• provide adequate storage for ladders

• institute a system for identification of ladders, periodic inspections and maintenance of records.

• ensure ladders are of sound design and manufacture and kept in good condition

• ensure that all users have been briefed and are competent in ladder safety

66..88 IInnss p peeccttiioonn aanndd CCoolloouurr CCooddiinngg

All types of ladders shall be inspected before being put into service and only ladders which have acurrent colour code marking shall be used. reference enclosure 4 figure 7e.

Ladders shall be treated carefully and not dropped or jarred. Timber ladders receiving a heavy blow

may suffer compression damage, distortion, loosened rungs or cracked stiles. Rungs shall be no more

than 300 mm apart and the stiles no more than 500 mm apart.

Ladders shall be stored in easily accessible areas and preferably on purpose-built racks which will

prevent sagging. Ladders may be hung on their stiles with sufficient support points provided to prevent sagging; they shall not be hung from the rungs. Storage areas should give weather protection

and be well ventilated.

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77.. PPoo w w eerr OO p peerraatteedd MMoobbiillee W Woorrk k PPllaattf f oorrmmss

Power operated mobile work platforms (WP's) are designed for lifting and or carrying materials or

personnel and their equipment, and are known by a variety of names which include: extending work

platforms, powered access platforms, aerial work platforms, mobile access platforms, cherry pickers,tower wagons, hydraulic platforms and scissor lift work platforms. All contractors power operated

mobile work platforms are subject to Company’s approval for inspection.

77..11 OO p peerraattoorrss

Only persons who have been trained to the level of skills necessary and authorised to do so shall work

from and prepare a W.P.

Training of power operated mobile work platform operators should be carried out, at an approved

accredited, Training Institute and followed by a R.O.P Heavy Equipment test. All operators andsupervisors should possess the necessary underpinning knowledge and capabilities of the particular

unit to be operated.

Special precautions shall be taken when WP's are used in the vicinity of live electrical conductors.

Normally, these precautions will entail the isolation of the electrical supplies through a Permit To

Work, but where this is not possible or practicable, a comprehensive job safety plan shall be prepared by the contractor and agreed with all persons involved. A clearance certificate must be obtained from

the asset custodian department authorised area electrical supervisor for any movement of high loadsand large equipment passing under or working in close proximity to live high voltage overhead lines.

reference PDO HSE SM Chapter 11, reference enclosure 4 figure 10.

If a work area is traversed by other vehicles, arrangements shall be made to divert traffic if possible or

alternatively erect temporary barriers, warning cones, lights or signs and arrange for traffic to bediverted around them. When necessary, other adjacent operations or activities shall be stopped and if

the worksite is accessible by the public, temporary barriers shall be erected.

Where the operating area is close to fixed obstructions such as buildings, stanchions or roof trusses,

the operator shall check that clearances are adequate and that there is no danger of any part of the WP

colliding with an obstruction. Alternative arrangements shall be made to ensure stability of the WP

when full use of the outriggers cannot be made.

77..22 MMoobbiillee W Woorrk k PPllaattf f oorrmmss

A WP consists of four distinct parts, namely:

• the platform capable of supporting persons, tools and equipment

• the platform structure which supports the platform• a powered mechanism which manoeuvres the platform relative to the chassis

• a mobile chassis on wheels which may be self-propelled

There are two types of WP. One type allows the platform to be manoeuvred universally relative to the

chassis and incorporates telescoping or articulating jibs or booms. The other type usually has only

vertical movement of the platform although the facility to rotate the platform or extend it horizontallyis sometimes provided.

Before being put into service for the first time or following any major repair or alteration, a WP shall be tested over its range of duties with a proof load at least 1.5 times the safe working load. During

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such testing, the machine shall be operated from ground level and no person shall be permitted to be

on the platform of the machine.

A certificate of test and thorough examination giving details of the results of the safe working load

and range of duties of the WP shall be issued, by a specialist servicing company under the auspices of the Company.

Periodic examination and certification of WP's shall generally be carried out in accordance to

manufactures recommendations.

The following information shall be conspicuously displayed on the platform of a WP:

• the safe working load and the maximum number of persons allowed on the platform

• the maximum gradient on which the WP may operate

Inclinometers, spirit levels or other suitable devices with scales, bands or other markings shall be provided so that the operator can easily see the tilt of the machine and whether it is within specified

limits.

The floor of the platform shall be slip-resistant and designed to prevent the accumulation of water.

Safety devices shall be fitted to prevent the unwarranted movement of any part of the WP, for example through failure of the powered mechanism which manoeuvres it and of mechanisms

controlling travel, steering or outriggers.

A safe means of access and egress to the platform when at ground level shall be provided. This may

be a short fixed ladder, or control arrangements which allows the platform to be brought down toground level.

If structural members are made from special steels or other alloys, the specification of the materials

shall be marked on the platform to ensure that any repairs, especially welding or the replacement of amember, are compatible with the materials.

77..33 MMaaiinntteennaannccee

Only qualified and authorised persons shall carry out adjustments and repairs to WP's. If an appliance

is hired, the contractual arrangements shall include proper inspection, maintenance and servicing in

accordance with manufacturer's instructions. The scope of periodic checks is given below.

At the beginning of each work period, the operator shall check:

• pneumatic tyres are inflated to the correct pressure and tyres are free from cuts and damage

• the operation of the brakes

• the operation of any lights, which include safety warning lights/ audibles

• lubricant, coolant and fuel levels

• the integrity of the supporting structure• for leaks in hydraulic/pneumatic systems

• correct functioning of powered mechanisms, e.g. raising, slewing, etc.

• correct functioning of communications systems between platform and ground

At weekly intervals (or every 50 operational hours/manufacturer's recommended intervals) an

authorised maintenance person shall carry out:

• all checks made at the beginning of each work period and a full operational check of the appliance

• a check of the condition of the chassis, support structure, platform and powered mechanisms

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A written report shall be made on the condition of the appliance and any faults rectified immediately

or the appliance withdrawn from service. Copies of the report shall be retained, by the contractor.

Six monthly intervals (or 1000 operational hours/manufacturer's recommended interval) a thorough

examination shall be carried out by an authorised person. This type of examination shall also becarried out after an accident, major repair or modification. A certificate shall be issued by the

authorised person stating that the WP is safe to continue, and it should state the date of the next

thorough examination. Copies of the certificate shall be retained by the contractor.

88.. A A p p p prroo v v aallss 88..11 A A p p p prroo v v aall oof f DDeessiiggnn

Contractors, at all time, shall assure a safe design of their proposed scaffold system appropriate to

British standards. The Company has the option to audit the design.

88..22 A A p p p prroo v v aall f f oorr IInnssttaallllaattiioonn

Approval for installation will be the sole responsibility of the contractor.

99.. A A ccttii v v iitt y y CCoonnttrroollss..

99..11 IInnss p peeccttiioonn

It shall be the responsibility of the contractor to inspect, record and maintain records of scaffolding

and related equipment. Retaining the right to audit scaffold and equipment inspection reports, will besubject to Company audit.

Inspections shall be carried out by scaffold inspectors, who will either accept the scaffold or reject it

and detail deficiencies to be corrected. In either case, the SCAFFTAG system will be used to visuallyindicate the result of inspection.

Inspections of scaffolds in regular service shall take place every 7 days, e.g. a scaffold approved for

use on a Saturday must be re-inspected and re-certified each subsequent Saturday, or immediatelyafter severe or adverse weather. Actual SCAFFTAG inserts shall be signed and dated after each

inspection.

99..22.. SSCC A A FFFF T T A A GG SS y ysstteemm

Contractors may have an existing SCAFFTAG system in place which allows an immediate visual

indication of the condition of a scaffold structure reference enclosure 4 figure 6 . The system comprises:

• a holder which fits over a scaffold tube and displays "DO NOT USE SCAFFOLD” in red on awhite background.

• insert for the holder, one side white on green to indicate, when showing, that the scaffold is

certified for use and giving details, the other side black on yellow to indicate, when showing, thatthe scaffold is under inspection and must not be used. An exact duplicate of the insert is retained in

a SCAFFTAG rack in an appropriate location, accessible to authorised persons.

The only person authorised to fix or change a SCAFFTAG is a qualified person appointed by the

contractor.

Note: in an emergency situation, a SCAFFTAG may be removed by any person, if he is of the opinion

that the scaffold is unsuitable for its intended application. He should remove the SCAFFTAGG,remove the people from the scaffold and display the “ DO NOT USE SCAFFOLD “ message. The

Supervisor may or may not for practical purposes rectify / re-certify the scaffold.

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99..33 HHaanndd--oo v v eerr PPrroocceedduurree aanndd CCeerrttiif f iiccaattee

Contractors may have in place existing hand over procedures. For reference an example of a

Hand-over Procedure flowchart is enclosed. reference enclosures 4 figure 5a,5b shows graphically the

responsibility of the contractor and scaffold inspector.

99..44 MMooddiif f iiccaattiioonnss

Modifications to SCAFFTAG certified scaffolds shall be undertaken only by an approved scaffoldinginspector. After a modification has been made, inspection and re-certification shall be carried out, as

per company audit.

If unauthorised modifications are observed, they shall be reported to the supervisor and the insert

removed from the SCAFFTAG holder to reveal the "DO NOT USE SCAFFOLD" warning.

1100.. MMeeaannss oof f A A cccceessss aanndd EEggrreessss ttoo HHeeiigghhtt aanndd CCoonnttrrooll R R eeqquuiirreemmeennttss

The means of access and egress to a point, which is out of the reach of a worker, may range from the

design scaffold through to the propriety system . The means of access shall be of sound construction,

have two access and egress points positioned at 90º of wind direction, suitable for the purpose andshall be approved by the contractor.

1111.. PPrrootteeccttiioonn f f rroomm FFaallllss

There are many activities which requires scaffolders to work in positions where it is reasonably

foreseeable that they may fall. In all such cases, suitable fall arrest or prevention devices must beworn.

Harnesses of the full body type parachute type equipped with a single tail type harness and used withan inertia reel are recommended to be worn. The use of single belt type harness is not permitted.

Safety lines on the structure and safety fall fans should also be considered as safety contingencies. reference enclosure 2 Glossary of terms.

It is the sole responsibility of the contractor to ensure all safety measures are adhered to. reference P.D.O

H.S.E SM Chapter 4.

1122.. DDiissmmaannttlliinngg

No person other than trained, experienced scaffolders shall be involved in the dismantling of

scaffolding and staging. reference PDO H.S.E SM Chapter 9 revision 1.

1122..11 HHaanndd LLoo w w eerriinngg

No items shall be thrown to a lower level. It is preferable to lower items by line, but lowering by hand

is permissible if sufficient scaffolders are available.

1122..22 R R eemmoo v v aall oof f BBooaarrddss

Relative to the reducing height of the scaffold / staging, boards shall be transferred down level by level

to form adequate work platforms for the scaffolders involved in dismantling.

1133 PPeerrssoonnaall PPrrootteeccttii v v ee EEqquuii p pmmeenntt

Contractors shall provide all personnel working above ground level, appropriate personal safety

protection. reference PDO HSE SM Chapter 4.

1144 GGeenneerraall W Woorrk k iinngg PPrraaccttiicceess..

• the integrity of high structures shall be such that the required operation can be performed safely.

This includes, but is not limited to the loading of the structure, men, equipment and materials. The

environmental conditions; the forces imposed upon it by any means of access which is connected

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to it; and the forces imposed upon it by any lifting or winching operations in which the high

structure serves as an anchor point, counter weight or tie point

• no part of any operational line or pressurised piping shall be used as a support, or tie-point for scaffolds or staging. Access or general purpose scaffolding, or any part thereof, shall not be used

as support for any part of process plant

• the general perception that working at heights commences at 2000mm requires the protection of

guard rails or leading edge protection. The space to ground level therefore is open for professional judgement. Hence, each location and task must be accessed on its own merit. Tasks carried out inthe range of 500mm to 900mm above ground level, can often be referred to as the danger zone

• risk levels in these ranges (500mm to 2000mm) and possible protection to reduce risks should be

determined by the contractors engineer and/or scaffolding inspector. The engineer or thescaffolding inspector by means of SCAFFTAG indicates the status of scaffolding

• the operations above ground level shall be carried out in such a way that non-involved personnel,in the vicinity of the activity, are not at risk

• where practicable, personnel shall not be assigned to work directly below the overhead work

positions or other persons. Where this is unavoidable, suitable precautions shall be taken. Safety

nets must be installed

• where the means of access to a mobile or portable tower, it shall not be moved either

mechanically or manually while personnel are upon it, unless it is specifically designed and

approved, in the carriage of persons

• during the possibility of a thunderstorm, no work shall be executed at a height where a person can

be exposed to lightning. reference P.D.O H.S.E S.M Chapter 9 revision 1.

• tools and heavy loads shall not be carried with the confines of the tower, the only exception being

tools carried in a waist belt designed specifically for the purpose. All loads should be hauled up,

or lowered down by a person on the platform, using a suitable container which shall be of sound

construction, suitable for the purpose and shall be approved by the Company prior to use. reference

PDO HSE SM Chapter 9 revision1.

• tools, equipment etc. shall be kept in such a location that they do not represent a tripping hazard

and cannot fall or be knocked from the structure. Where no catchment means are located belowthe workplace, safety lines shall be attached to tools and similar equipment

• electrical, pneumatic and hydraulic tools shall not be hauled up or lowered by their power lines

• all overhead work shall cease when wind speed reaches 40 Km/h. The only exception being such

work which is intended to render the high structure or its means of access safe. reference PDO HSE

SM Chapter 9 revision 1.

• when overhead work is required on wet structures or their means of access, the facilities shall be

inspected by the contractors engineer and the Company. Where such facilities become wet during

the operation, work may continue only in order to make the structure safe. Work shall then ceaseuntil inspection by the above named confirms that it is safe to continue

• upon completion of the day's work, all ropes and tackles shall be securely tied back to a

permanent structure. The means of access shall be blocked off and any crane jibs shall be tied

down to their resting brackets

• where there is a risk to third parties, high visibility warning tape, notice boards and warning lights

shall be sited

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• any overhead work, which must be carried out during the hours of darkness, shall be subject towritten authorisation from the Company. Such authorisation shall be inclusive of the required

standard of illumination

• erection and / or dismantling of scaffolding during the hours of darkness is only permitted incases of extreme urgency and when no other practicable alternative can be identified. In this

context, financial expediency is not considered sufficient justification

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EEnncclloossuurree 11

Safety check list examples of

- Scaffold

- Towers- Check list notes

- Examination of laders

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G u i d e l i n e f o r t h e U s e o f S c a f f o l d i n

g

V e r s i o n 1 . 0

S S C C A A F F F F O O L L D D I I N N S S P P E E C C T T I I O O N N S S R R E E P P O O R R T T . .

R e p o r t o f r e s u l t s o f I n s p e c t i o n s m a d e i n

p u r s u a n c e o f R e g u l a t i o n s 2 9 & 3 0 .

N N a a m m e e a a n n d d A A d d d d r r e e s s s s o o f f c c l l i i e e n n t t f f o o r r w w h h o o m m t t h h

e e

i i n n s s p p e e c c t t i i o o n n w w a a s s c c a a r r r r i i e e d d o o u u t t . .

C C u u s s t t o o m m e e r r s s A A d d

d d r r e e s s s s . .

S S i i t t e e a a d d d d r r e e s s s s ( ( i i f f d d i i f f f f e e r r e e n n t t f f r r o o m m a a

b b o o v v e e a a d d d d r r

e e s s s s ) ) : :

C C o o n n t t r r a a c c t t T T i i t t l l e e . .

D a t e a n d

T i m e

i n s p e c t e d .

L o c a t i o n a n d D e s c r i p t i o n o f w o

r k p l a c e ( I n c l u d i n g a n y p l a n t ,

m a t e r i a l s o r e q u i p m e n t ) i n s p e c

t e d .

M a t t e r s w h i c h g i v e r i s e t o

a n y h e a l t h a n d s a f e t y r i s k s

C a n w o r k b e c a r r i e d o u t

s a f e l y ( Y E S / N O )

I f n o t

n a m e o f p e r s o n i n

f o r m e d .

D e t a i l s o f a n y f u r t h e r

a c t i o n c o n s i d e r e d

n e c e s s a r y

N a m

e a n d p o s i t i o n

o f p e r s o n m a k i n g

r e p o

r t .

D a t e r e p o r t

h a n d e d o v e r

B a s e s o u n d n e s s , a d e q u a

t e s p r e a d o f l o a d

L i n e o f s t a n d a r d s , L e d g e r s , V e r t i c a l l y o f s t a n d a r d s

L e d g e r s h o r i z o n t a l , j o i n t s s t a g g e r e d .

S p a c i n g o f T r a n s o m s .

S w a y b r a c i n g c o m p l e t e t o t o p e v e r y 3 0 m .

G u a r d r a i l s & T o e b o a r d s

f a s t e n e d , s t o p a n d b o a r d s i n

p l a c e

L o n g i t u d i n a l a n d L e d g e r b

r a c i n g .

M e a n s o f A c c e s s a n d E g r e s s .

T i e s : n u m b e r , p o s i t i o n s , s e

c u r i t y .

S e c u r i t y a n d c o r r e c t u s e o f f i t t i n g s ( c o u p l e r s ) , p a r t i c u l a r l y

o n t r a n s o m s a n d b r a c i n g .

C o n d i t i o n s o f t u b e s a n d f i t

t i n g s .

D a m a g e b y L o a d s s w i n g i n g f r o m c r a n e s o r f a l l i n g

m a t e r i a l s

O v e r l o a d i n g .

S e c u r i t y o f s t a c k e d m a t e r i a l s .

W a l k w a y s c l e a r o f s t o r e d m a t e r i a l a n d w a s t e .

H o l e s a n d o p e n i n g s f e n c e d

o f f .

L i g h t i n g a d e q u a t e .

W h e e l s l o c k e d c o r r e c t l y w h e n a m o b i l e t o w e r i s i n u s e .

E x a m p l e o f S c a f f o l d s I n s p e c t i o n s R

e p o r t F o r m .

N o t e : C o n t r a c t o r s m a y h a v e i n p l a c

e t h e i r o w n e x i s t i n g

I n s p e c t i o n

r e p o r t f o r m s .

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g

V e r s i o n 1 . 0

S S C C A A F F F F O O L L D D I I N N S S P P E E C C T T I I O O N N

S S R R E E P P O O R R T T . .

T T O O W W E E R R S S . .

R e p o r t o f r e s u l t s o f I n s p e c t i o n s m a d e i n p

u r s u a n c e o f R e g u l a t i o n s 2 9 & 3 0 .

N N a a m m e e a a n n d d A A d d d d r r e e s s s s o o f f c c l l i i e e n n t t f f o o r r w w h h o o m m t t h h

e e

i i n n s s p p e e c c t t i i o o n n w w a a s s c c a a r r r r i i e e d d o o u u t t . .

C C u u s s t t o o m m e e r r s s A A d d d d r r e e s s s s . .

S S i i t t e e a a d d d d r r e e s s s s ( ( i i f f d d i i f f f f e e r r e e n n t t f f r r o o m m a a

b b o o v v e e a a d d d d r r

e e s s s s ) ) : :

C C o o n n t t r r a a c c t t T T i i t t l l e e . .

D a t e a n d

T i m e

i n s p e c t e d .


r k p l a c e ( I n c l u d i n g a n y p l a n t ,

m a t e r i a l s o r e q u i p m e n t ) i n s p e c

t e d .

M a t t e r s w h i c h g i v e r i s e t o

a n y h e a l t h a n d s a f e t y r i s k s

C a n w o r k b e c a r r i e d o u t

s a f e l y ( Y E S / N O )

I f n o t

n a m e o f p e r s o n

i n f o r m e d .



n e c e s s a r y

N a m e

a n d p o s i t i o n

o f p e r s o n m a k i n g

r e p o r t .

D a t e r e p o r t

h a n d e d o v e r

M a n u f a c t u r e r ’ s i n s t r u c t i o n

s f o l l o w e d f o r P r o p r i e t a r y

s y s t e m s .

W o r k i n g p l a t f o r m : s i z e w i t h i n b a s e d i m e n s i o n .

W o r k p l a t f o r m : c l o s e b o a r d e d a n d e v e n l y s u p p o r t e d .

W o r k i n g p l a t f o r m : g u a r d

r a i l s & t o e b o a r d s i f a b o v e 2 . 0 m

C o r r e c t f i t t i n g s u s e d .

L a d d e r a c c e s s p r o p e r l y s e c u r e d a n d c l e a r o f g r o u n d i f o n

m o b i l e t o w e r

O v e r l o a d i n g

S e c u r i t y o f s t a c k e d m a t e r i a l

N o r i d i n g o n t o w e r w h e n b

e i n g m o v e d .

W h e e l s l o c k e d o r r a i s e d w h e n a m o b i l e t o w e r i s i n u s e .

E x a m p l e o f S c a f f o l d s I n s p e c t i o n s R e p

o r t F o r m f o r T o w e r s .

N o t e : C o n t r a c t o r s m a y h a v e i n p l a c e

t h e i r o w n e x i s t i n g

I n s p e c t i o n


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g

V e r s i o n 1 . 0

S S C C A A F F F F O O L L D D I I N N S S P P E E C C T T I I O O N N

S S R R E E P P O O R R T T . .

L L A A D D D D E E R R S S . .

R e p o r t o f r e s u l t s o f I n s p e c t i o n s m a d e i n p

u r s u a n c e o f R e g u l a t i o n s 2 9 & 3 0 .

D a t e a n d

T i m e

i n s p e c t e d .


r k p l a c e ( I n c l u d i n g a n y p l a n t , m a t e r i a l s o r e q u i p m e n t ) i n s p e c t e d .

C h e c k l i s t .

M a t t e r s w h i c h g i v

e

r i s e t o a n y h e a l t h

a n d s a f e t y r i s k s



n e c e s s a r y

N a m e a n d p o s

i t i o n o f

p e r s o n m a k i n g

r e p o r t .

D a t e r e p o r t h a n d e d

o v e r

I d e n t i t y M a r k i n g s

I d e n t i f i c a t i o n m a r k i n g l e g i b l e a n d c o n t a i n i n g a s a m

i n i m u m : a

u n i q u e

r e g i s t r a t i o n n u m b e r ( a s e n t e r e d i n l a d d e r r e g

i s t r a t i o n )

C u r r e n

t P L I c o l o u r c o d e . O t h e r m a r k i n g s m u s t i n c l u d e :

N a m e

o f m a n u f a c t u r e r

T y p e o

f l a d d e r

Y e a r a

n d m o n t h o f m a n u f a c t u r e

M a x i m

u m p e r m i s s i b l e l o a d

S u r f a c e F i n i s h

E d g e s , c o r n e r s a n d p r o t r u d i n g p a r t s c h a m f e r e d o r r o u n d e d a n d f r e e o f b u r r s

a n d s p

l i n t e r s

R u n g s , S t e p s a n d

c r o s s b a r s

N o v i s

i b l e c r a c k s o r b r e a k s

S e c u r e

w i t h n o t w i s t i n g o r s i d e w a y s m o v e m e n t b e t w e e n r u n g s a n d s t i l e s

R e i n f o

r c e m e n t i n t a c t

N o n - s l i p c o a t e d s u r f a c e s i n t a c t a n d a d h e r i n g f i r m l y

N o m o

r e t h a n o n e r u n g a b o v e a r e p a i r e d o r r e i n f o r c

e d r u n g a t e i t h e r e n d

( t h i s c h e c k o n l y a p p l i e s t o w o o d e n l a d d e r s )

S t i l e s

N o c r a

c k s o r b r e a k s , o r v i s i b l e c o m p r e s s i o n c r e a s e s

i n w o o d e n s t i l e s

R e i n f o

r c e m e n t u n d a m a g e d a n d s e c u r e w i t h n o s t r a n

d s o r p r o t r u s i o n s

A n t i - s k i d p l u g s f o r m e t a l l a d d e r s s e c u r e i n s t i l e e n d

s

N o p r o

t r u d i n g r u n g e n d s e c u r i t y f a s t e n e r s , e . g . s c r e w s , n a i l s

T i e r o d s s e c u r e w i t h a l l f a s t e n e r s t i g h t

R i v e t s

o n m e t a l l a d d e r s s h o u l d b e t i g h t w i t h n o f r e e

m o v e m e n t

F i t t i n g s

R o p e s

i n g o o d c o n d i t i o n w i t h n o f r a y i n g

H i n g e

p i n s s e c u r e a n d f r e e - o p e n i n g

O p e n i n g r e s t r a i n t s ( r o p e , c h a i n ) i n p l a c e a n d s e c u r e

l y a t t a c h e d

R o p e - o p e r a t e d e x t e n d i n g l a d d e r l o c k i n g d e v i c e s o p e r a b l e

R o l l e r s , w h e e l s a n d p u l l e y s f r e e l y r o t a t e

E x a m p l e o f S c a f f o l d s I n s p e c t i o n R e p

o r t F o r m .

L A D D E R S .

N o t e : C o n t r a c t o r s m a y h a v e i n p l a c e t h e i r o w n e x i s t i n g

I n s p e c t i o n


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EEnncclloossuurree 22 FFiigguurreess..

1 a Typical Independent Tied Scaffold.

b Example of Ties.

2 Pressed Steel Staging Boards.

3 Gin Block Fixings

4 Height to Smallest Base Ratios

5 a Hand-over Procedure

b Hand over Certificate

SCAFFTAG System

7 Laddersa Positioning and Security of ladders

b Bottom Tie

c Footing

d Lashinge Colour codes of ladders & Lifting Equipment

8 Tower Access.

9 PERMIT To Work

10 Clearance Certificate.

11 Example of Typical Welding Procedure..

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FFiigguurree 22.. PPrreesssseedd SStteeeell SSttaaggiinngg BBooaarrddss..

Steel stage is a long life pressed steel batten with a non-skid durable surface. They are 9” (0.229m)wide and 2 ½ “ (63mm) thick.

Steelstage 8’ nominal (2.438m) Actual length 7’ 11¼ “ (2.419m). Weight 38 ¼ lb. (17.3 kg)Steelstage 6’ nominal (1.829m) Actual length 5’ 11¼ “ (1.810m). Weight 29 ¼ lb. (13.3 kg)

Steelstage 4’ nominal (1.219m) Actual length 4’ 1¼ “ (1.251m). Weight 20lb. (9.1 kg)

Battens are also available and generally conform to quality standards equal to BS 2482 / 1963 and are available

as follows.

Batten 8’ nominal (2.438m) Actual length 7’ 11¼ “ (2.419m). Weight 40 lb. (18.15 kg)Batten 6’ nominal (1.829m) Actual length 5’ 11¼ “ (1.810m). Weight 30 lb. (13.62 kg)Batten 4’ nominal (1.219m) Actual length 4’ 1¼ “ (1.251m). Weight 20lb. (9.1 kg)

Size tolerances are as follows

Nominal length

Actual Dimension

8’0” (2.438m) 7’ 11 ¼ “ (2.419m) plus nil/minus ¼”(6.35mm)

6’0” (1.829m) 5’ 11 ¼ “ (1.810m) plus nil/minus ¼”(6.35mm)

4’0” (1.219m) 4’ 1 ¼ “ (1.249m) plus nil/minus ¼”

(6.35mm)

Thickness and width – plus and minus 1/8” (3.175mm)

Types of timber used,

a) Douglas fir. b) Western White Spruce

c) European White SpruceHemlock is not recommended

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FFiigguurree 33 – – GGiinn BBlloocck k FFiixxiinnggss

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FFiigguurree 44 – – HHeeiigghhtt ttoo SSmmaalllleesstt BBaassee R R aattiiooss

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FFiigguurree 55aa HHaanndd oo v v eerr PPrroocceedduurree

2

Fit SCAFFTAG holders to scaffold at access

points showing

“DO NOT USE”

Complete green side of two SCAFFTAGS for

each holder

and file in Control Room/Site Office with

yellow side out.

Inform authorised requester of scaffold

completion

Rectification work

Inspect Scaffold

Scaffold

accepted

NO

YES

SCAFFTAG yellow sides and dated

SCAFFTAG remains inControl Room/Site Office

(green side out)

SCAFFTAG placed inholder on scaffold (green

side out)

WEEKLY INSPECTION

Scaffold

accepted NO YES

CONTRACTOR SCAFFOLD INSPECTOR

Complete scaffold

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FFiigguurree 55bb HHaanndd oo v v eerr CCeerrttiif f iiccaattee

FFiigguurree 66 – – SSCC A A FFFF T T A A GG SS y ysstteemm

Example of SCAFFTAG Identification & Control System

SCAFFTAG Insert – This is the reverse side of Insert (Of above)

Used to record Ins ections

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Additional SCAFFTAG Prohibition signs that may be used

SCAFFTAG Holder (Attached to Scaffold) Displaying Prohibition Status.Inserts as above are slotted into holder when scaffold is commissioned for use.

S C A F F T A G

R e f N o :

D O N O T

U S E

S C A F F O L D

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FFiigguurree 77LLaaddddeerrss

FFiigguurree 77aa – – PPoossiittiioonniinngg aanndd FFiigguurree 77bb – – BBoottttoomm T Tiiee SSeeccuurriitt y y oof f aa LLaaddddeerr

FFiigguurree 77cc -- FFoooottiinngg FFiigguurree 77dd -- LLaasshhiinngg

FFiigguurree 77ee – – CCoolloouurr CCooddeess oof f LLaaddddeerrss,, LLiif f ttiinngg EEqquuii p pmmeenntt,, BBii--aannnnuuaall CC y yccllee

75º

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PPDDOO EESS CCSS 8800 0011..

FFiigguurree 88 T Too w w eerr A A cccceessss..

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FFiigguurree 1100 CClleeaarraannccee CCeerrttiif f iiccaattee..

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FFiigguurree 1111 EExxaamm p pllee oof f T T y y p piiccaall W Weellddiinngg PPrroocceedduurree..

a) The pipe sizes in the table may not be appropriate for the job size pipe to be welded. In such

instances, actual job size pipe may be substituted.

b) For pipe having a wall thickness less than 0.063 in., individual qualification is required for each thickness by visual, penetrent, X-ray, and tensile tests.

c) The maximum thickness qualified using the oxyacetylene process is the wall thickness of the

base metal of the sample weld plus 20%. (This note is not applicable to arc welding.)d) Procedures qualified prior to issuance of AWS D10.9 may be updated by performing any

additional tests required by the standard.

e) For pipe used at low temperature, impact tests may be required. The purchaser and fabricator should agree in advance on the type and number of test specimens, areas from which the

specimens are to be taken., testing temperature, and the acceptance requirements.

f) Visual inspection before welding shall include determining that the proper filler metal is used

and inspection for cracks, undercut, porosity, incomplete fusion, and proper cleaning between

passes.g) Each sample weld shall be examined by liquid penetrent. Dry powder magnetic – particle

inspection may be used in lieu of liquid penetrent inspection.

h) For specific techniques Radiographic is required for all welds of the AR-1 level.i) For ½, ¾, 1 and 1-1/2-in pipe and all thin wall pipe, the entire joint is tested in tension.

j) From 2” sample welds, four bend specimens are cut from one sample weld and are prepared.Bend specimens are tested in a guided-bend jig or a wrap around jig.

k) For more ductile materials, a higher sensitivity to bending may be required. Any changes in

the bend test should be agreed upon in advance between the purchaser and the fabricator.

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A A p p p peennddiixx 11 :: SSaaf f eett y y PPrreeccaauuttiioonnss f f oorr W Woorrk k iinngg OOf f f f sshhoorree..

11..11 W Woorrk k iinngg oo v v eerr W Waatteerr

When scaffolding personnel are exposed to the possibility of falling into the water, they areconsidered to be "working over water". This is obvious when their work location is offshore,either underneath or over the side of a structure.

11..22 LLiif f eelliinneess aanndd FFllooaattaattiioonn DDee v v iicceess

All personnel engaged in the erection, modification or dismantling of scaffolding, which involves

working over water must wear a flotation device and a fall arrest or prevention device.

The harness is to be a full body parachute type equipped with a single tail type harness and used with

an inertia reel. The use of single belt type harness is not permitted. At least one member of the

scaffold team must at all times be in radio contact with the central command center.

11..33 SSttaanndd--bb y y BBooaattss

In all cases of over side scaffolding a standby boat shall be nominated to be the first responsevessel. The standby boat shall remain in general attendance and not engage in any duty interfering with its ability to respond immediately and be capable of performing rescue duties.

A minimum of two able crew are to man the stand-by boat.

11..44 W Woorrk k iinngg dduurriinngg HHoouurrss oof f DDaarrk k nneessss

The work site and the area of water below must be properly illuminated and offshore a standby boat

must be nominated and able to render immediate assistance.

Over side work during the hours of darkness which is carried out from properly erected and certified

scaffold, and where the workplace and the area of water below is properly illuminated, is notrestricted.

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A A p p p peennddiixx 22 :: FFiirree HHaazzaarrdd aanndd EEssccaa p pee..

Conditions of Fire

Three factors are necessary for fire to burn:

• Fuel or Combustible material- any material or substance, liquid, solid or gas which will burn

given oxygen and sufficient heat or ignition source. Every fuel has an ignition temperature. All

solids and liquids give off vapour when heated.

Many liquids ignite at normal room temperature 15ºC. Some gases can be ignited at any temperature

above freezing. Oxygen - present in air and always there to sustain fire given the other factors. For details refer to HSE Management of Contracts Procedures. HSE/97/05, Appendix V, Generic Hazard Listing.

Fire can be spread in four ways:

• Conduction is where heat is transmitted from one place to another along a metal pipe or other

material and starts a fire well away from the original point. Convection is where heat rises

carrying particles of burning materials into the air, then as the air cools deposits the burningmaterials in another place causing another fire. Radiation is where material close to a fire isignited by the direct transfer of heat from the source of a fire to another nearby material. Direct

burning is where the fire reaches other combustible material and ignites them, thereby adding to

the fire. reference CITB GE 700 / 7 Construction Safety Note.

Classes of fire:

• carbonaceous materials

• flammable liquids or liquefiable solids

• flammable gasses of liquefiable solids

• combustible metals

• electrical fires. Any fire involving electrical apparatus or equipment

Fire Response Capability.

All personnel shall be familiar with the fire emergency procedures, alarms and equipment available,

personnel responsibilities and evacuation procedures in the event of fire. Regular fire drills shall be

performed to ensure this. All potential users of fire extinguishers shall be instructed in the operation of such equipment. All fire extinguishers shall be manufactured, tested and certified to conform to BS

5423. Fire extinguishers shall be selected, installed and maintained in accordance with BS 5306 Part3. reference HSE Standard Manual Chapter13. Fire extinguishers suitable for the use at the location should be

placed at access points of the scaffolding structure. Fight the fire with the extinguishers provided but

do not put yourself in danger. Keep between the fire and the way out.

For H² S scenarios refer to PDO HSE SM Chapter 4. 4.0 .

If the controlled burning cannot be properly supervised, it must be prohibited. No fire should be leftsmouldering or burning after work is finished.