guided reading: amsco chapter 1 - allen independent … · · 2012-06-12guided reading: amsco...

Guided Reading: AMSCO Chapter 1 United States History: Preparing for the Advanced Placement Examination

By John J. Newman and John M. Schmalback, 2010 Revised edition

Directions: Read chapter 1 in your AMSCO book, and complete this guide along the way.

1. Pre-Read: Read the prompts/questions within this guide before you read a chapter. 2. Skim: Flip through the chapter and note titles and subtitles. Look at images and read

captions. Get a feel for the content you are about to read. 3. Read & Analyze: Read the chapter. Highlight key events and people as you read. Highlight main

ideas. Remember, the goal is not to “fish” for a specific answer(s) to reading guide questions, but to consider questions in order to critically understand what you read.

4. Write Write notes and analysis. (print guide, complete it in INK if you wish to use it on the quiz. If you do not wish to use it on the quiz you may create an electronic file to be added to your notebook.) Answers do not have to be in complete sentences. Simple lists, bulleted points, or phrases are adequate for most questions.

1. Begin reading on page 1. Describe North America before 1492.

The peoples:

The cultures:

2. List the five technological advancements mentioned on page 3, and explain the role of such technology in

enabling Christopher Columbus’ voyage and subsequent European domination of the continent.

Technological Advancements How They Enabled Columbus

3. Analyze the role of the Renaissance and Reformation in European exploration.

4. Create a chart comparing exploratory accomplishments of the key players listed below.

Key Players in Exploration Accomplishments/Significance

Prince Henry the Navigator

Vasco da Gama

Christopher Columbus

Isabella and Ferdinand

Amerigo Vespucci

Vasco Nunez de Balboa

Ferdinand Magellan

Hernan Cortes

Francisco Pizzaro

John Cabot

Elizabeth I

Sir Francis Drake

Sir Walter Raleigh

Key Players in Exploration Accomplishments/Significance

Giovanni da Verrazano

Jasques Cartier

Samuel de Champlain

Louis Jolliet

Jacques Marqueete

Robert de La Salle

Henry Hudson

5. Compare the economic, political, and social/religious motivations for European exploration.

Economic:

Political:

Social/Religious:

Of these three motivations, which one had the biggest impact on the New World? Defend your answer.

The most impactful motivation was ____________________________.

Evidence to support my assessment:

(1)

(2)

(3)

6. Assess the legacy of Christopher Columbus. Is it positive or negative? Defend your answer with specific

facts.

Positive or Negative Legacy? ______________________

Evidence to support assessment: Evidence to support the opposite assessment:

(4) (1)

(5) (2)

(6) (3)

7. What is the significance of the Treaty of Tordesillas?

8. How did the Spanish encomienda and asiento systems contribute to the development of New World slavery?

9. Why did Spain and Portugal dominate early colonization while Britain and France lagged far behind?

10. Explain how the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588 marked a turning point in British exploration and

colonization.

11. Identify two reasons British were motivated to go to the New World.

(1) (2)

12. Define and explain the significance of British joint-stock companies.

Definition of joint-stock company:

Significance to American history:

13. Create a web review of Jamestown.

14. Explain the difference between a “Non-Separatist” Puritan and a “Separatist” Puritan.

Non-Separatists… Separatists…

15. Explain the difference between “Puritan” and “Pilgrim.”

Puritan… Pilgrim…

16. Complete the sequence of events:

17. Compare Plymouth Colony to Massachusetts Bay Colony within the chart below.

Facts Plymouth Colony Massachusetts Bay Colony

Year Founded

Who made the

voyage

Motivations for

Moving

to New World

Leaders

18. Define Great Migration.

The Great Migration was…

King James I

persecutes Puritans Pilgrims move to

Holland

Establishment of

Plymouth Colony

There are other “Great Migrations” in American history. The most noteworthy is perhaps the migration of African

Americans from South to North following WWI.

The racial composition of the nation's cities underwent a decisive change during and after World War I. In

1910, three out of every four black Americans lived on farms, and nine out of ten lived in the South. World War I changed that profile. Hoping to escape tenant farming, sharecropping, and peonage, 1.5 million Southern blacks moved to cities. During the 1910s and 1920s, Chicago's black population grew by 148 percent; Cleveland's by 307 percent; Detroit's by 611 percent.

Excerpt from: http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/database/article_display.cfm?HHID=443

This migration slowed during the Great Depression and then began again during WWII.

To what extent were these two “Great Migrations” similar? Defend your answer.

These migrations were similar to a _________________ extent.

Evidence to support my analysis:

(1)

(2)

(3)

19. Compare the early political institutions in the English colonies in the chart below.

Facts Jamestown Plymouth Massachusetts Bay

Type of self-rule

Who could vote

20. The House of Burgesses (created in 1619, Jamestown) and the Mayflower Compact (signed in 1820

onboard the Mayflower, Plymouth) are two significant events in the development of American democracy.

Explain why.

21. Identify Spanish settlements and colonies in North America. Add additional settlements on the map below

as well as your own notes summarizing the Spanish colonies in what is today the United States.

Notes:

Image Source: Wiki Commons, Public Domain

22. What happened during the Pueblo Revolt and what does it illustrate about Spanish colonization?

23. What were the two long term effects of European colonization on the Native American population?

(1) (2)

24. Compare Spanish, French, and English treatment of Native Americans within the chart below.

Facts Spanish French English

Attitude toward

Natives

Relationships with

Natives

Impact on Native

populations

If you were a Native American in the 17th

century, which European colony would you want to live in/near?

Defend your answer with one specific fact.

I would live near the ___________________, because

25. Compare traditional historical view of Christopher Columbus to the revisionist view.

Use the Venn below to organize your notes.

Conclusion:

26. Using your knowledge of history along with the painting below, explain the significance of Christopher

Columbus’s journey and discovery.

Image Source: Public Domain, Library of Congress,

First landing of Columbus on the shores of the New World, at San Salvador, W.I., Oct. 12th 1492,

Dióscoro Teófilo Puebla Tolín

Political Significance Economic Significance Social Significance

(1)

(2)

(3)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(1)

(2)

(3)

27. Do you think having a national holiday celebrating Columbus is a good thing? Why or why not?

28. Look at the list of terms on page 13. List and define any that you do not yet know.

AMSCO Chapter 1 Terms to Know Definitions and Historical Significance

29. After you finish reading pages 1-13, flip back to page xxxi of the Introduction and read the section titled

“Answering the Multiple-Choice Questions.”

DISREGARD #2 in the list of suggestions. YOU CAN GUESS ON MULTIPLE CHOICE.

THERE IS NO GUESSING PENALTY. Mark this out in your book.

Now, turn to page 14 and answer the 10 practice questions. Record your answers in corresponding boxes below.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

30. Read pages 16-17 on thesis writing. Then, in the chart below, write a thesis and introductory paragraph for

questions 2-5 on page 18. You are only writing a thesis and introduction for each question… not an entire

essay. This portion of the reading guide must be written in complete sentences.

Question Thesis

In what ways did the

English colonies

develop differently

from the Spanish and

the French colonies?

Assess the democratic

characteristics in the

English colonies in the

context of TWO of the

following:

Massachusetts

Plymouth

Virginia

Analyze the extent to

which early European

colonists viewed the

Native Americans as

inferior people who

could be exploited for

the colonists’ benefit.

Compare and contrast

the English

relationship and the

French relationship

with the Native

Americans.

31. Now read the last section of the chapter titled “Documents and Readings” beginning on page 18. What is

the difference between a primary source and a secondary source?

Primary Sources are: Secondary Sources are:

32. Using the A.P.P.A.R.T.S. strategy of document analysis, analyze documents A, B, C, and D on pages 19-22.

Document A: Columbus’ Log

Author – Who is the speaker?

Place and Time-When was this

written/said? What else was going on?

Prior Knowledge - What else was going

on? What other historical events are

connected

to this?

Audience – Who is the intended

audience? Who is being spoken to?

Reason – What is the purpose? Why was

this said/written?

The Main Idea- Summarize the author’s

point. What is this about?

Significance-Why is this important?

What impact did it have?

Document B: A Spanish Missionary in Hispaniola






connected

to this?




this said/written?





Document C: Coronado’s Report






connected

to this?




this said/written?





Document D: One Historian’s View of Columbus






connected

to this?




this said/written?





33) David E. Stannard called Columbus “a religious fanatic obsessed with the conversion, conquest, or

liquidation of all non-Christians.” To what extent is Stannards’ view either supported or contradicted by

Columbus’ own words in Document A?

Stannards’ view is ____________________ by Columbus’ own words to a ____________ extent.

Evidence for this analysis:

(1)

(2)

34. Create a map of the world which highlights Christopher Columbus’ first voyage along with other relevant

items. You may use the map on page 8 along with other resources such as an atlas or the Internet.

Recommended items for your map:

Atlantic Ocean North America Europe South America Portugal Cape Verde Islands

Spain Britain France Caribbean Sea Canary Islands Sante Fe

Africa Jamestown Plymouth Massachusetts Bay St. Augustine Quebec

Montreal Roanoke Island Gulf of Mexico Pacific Ocean San Diego San Francisco

New Spain New France British Colonies New Amsterdam (Dutch colony) Netherlands

AND… Trace/Draw/Label the path of Christopher Columbus’ first voyage.