guiding science experiences chapter 23. what is science? study of natural processes and their...
TRANSCRIPT
Guiding Science Experiences
Chapter 23
What is Science?
Study of natural processes and their products.
Children must explore to understand world.
Children explore they activity learn. Experiences should be a hands-on
approach.
Science involves… Observing Exploring Measuring Comparing Classifying Predicting Discovering
Why Study Science?
Enhance the curiosity of children Build skills in picking out
similarities and differences. Language and general knowledge
improve. Fine-motor and hand-eye
coordination improve
Planning Science Activities Some are planned and unplanned Planned experiences are bested
when focused on a theme. Science activities are best meshed
with other daily activities. Example: snacks
Give children time to play with, examine, and try science materials and equipment
Science activities should… Observe and explore Note differences and likenesses Make predictions and solve problems Collect samples Develop new interests and skills Listen to sounds View videos Look at books Collect pictures
Science Area Science area
usually set apart from other classroom activities
Best located near kitchen
Outdoor area can also be used. Example: weather tests garden, raising animals.
Equipment and Materials
Consider the safety of items Consider the cost of items (many
no cost items can be used) Science table can be used to
display science related items. Change material often so children
explore
Role of Teacher Offer space,
materials, and activities that encourage discovery
Constant supervision because of safety
Offer suggestions to frustrated children
Effective Questioning To encourage children to
explore, use effective questioning
Open-ended questions promote discussions
Example: How could you classify these?
Close –ended questions demand few decision-making skills (yes or no questions)
Example: what color is it?
The Five Senses to teach Science Children learn by exploring with their
senses. Below are examples to use in classroom Feelings – a feely box can be used Smelling – use items in classroom that have
an odor (play dough) Seeing – a game to play is “I Spy” Hearing – tape sounds and voices for the
class to guess what the sound is. Tasting – tasting party with food
Using Color to Teach Science Children observe color daily Color serves as a basis for groupings
Example: have children match blue toys Some teachers have special color days
Example: Monday is orange day Teach color concepts by mixing colors
Mix primary colors to make secondary colors
Using Water to Teach Science Water delights almost all children If there is no water table use sink or
plastic swimming pools Fill the water based on children's
experience and age Example: young children need 2 or 3 inches
of water Water can teach children about
materials absorb water, floating, what materials dissolve in water, painting with water.
Using Food to Teach Science By watching foods cook, children learn
how solid materials change (texture and color change)
Baking bread involves both process (reading recipe, collecting ingredients) and product
Cooking projects can be tied to a theme or unit
Children learn food varies in size, shape, and color.
Using Child’s Body to Teach Science
Children can understand how their own body is changing through science
One science concept is that people can be recognized by the way they look.
Another science concept is measurements: Growth or weight charts can be used
Using Gardening to Teach Science Learning about gardening and seeds
helps children build an interest in growing things.
Science experiments using seeds can be introduced during snack or lunchtime.
Observe seeds with a nature or seed walk
Planting seeds indoor and outdoors teachers children growth
Using Air to Teach Science Teaching about air
Example: inflate some balloons to help children understand air takes up space
Teaching about wind Use thin strips of newsprint streamers to
teach the concept that wind makes things move.
Using weather When creating activities relating to weather
(snow, wind, rain) make it appealing to young children.
Using Magnets to Teach Science Magnet concepts are best learned
through a combination of teacher guidance and hands-on activates.
Buy magnets in a variety of shapes As children play with magnets they will
observe things about them. Activity: have children pick up various
objects with magnets. Children will learn magnets pull some
things, but not others
Using Wheels to Teach Science
Children see wheels every day Example: car, truck, bus
Expose children to many times of wheels. Example: lawnmower & vacuum
cleaner Example activity: cut out and hang
pictures of wheels from magazine
Using Field Trips and Walks They promote curiosity, supply
opportunities for discovery, and encourage interaction with the environment
Children can observe how machines make work more precise, easy and orderly. Example, trip to fire station, point out
fire alarm, ladder, and hose.
Using Animals to Teach Science
Children can learn: Care of animal (all animals must
receive humane care & treatment) Value of animal (there are many
values animals have for children) Animals as classroom pets (hamsters,
snakes, toads & frogs, fish, rabbits, and guinea pigs)
Care of the Earth Children should
learn to preserve earth by keeping it clean
Set the stage for recycling in classroom Label bins paper,
glass, metal, and plastic