Gujarati Mathematical Vocabulary

Gujarati Numbers

•

Vocabulary

Compiled

by

Babu Suthar

Lecturer in Gujarati University of Pennsylvania

South Asia Regional Studies 820 William Halls 36th and Spruce

Philadelphia PA 19143 USA

2

Gujarati Numbers

Gujarati numerals are of three types: (1) cardinals, (2) ordinals, and (3) fractions. The basic

number figures are ten and each figure bears a name.

(1) Number figures and their names

0 È mI6u&

1 É Aek6o

2 Ê bg6o

3 Ë tg6o

4 Ì cog6o

5 Í pa&c6o

6 Î 2g6o

7 Ï sat6o

8 Ð Aa56o

9 Ñ nv6o

Cardinals

1 É Aek

2 Ê be

3 Ë {a8

4 Ì car

5 Í pa&c

6 Î 2

7 Ï sat

8 Ð Aa5

9 Ñ nv

10 ÉÈ ds

11 ÉÉ Aigyar

12 ÉÉ bar

13 ÉË ter

14 ÉÌ cOd

15 ÉÍ p&dr

16 ÉÎ soX

17 ÉÏ s]ar

18 ÉÐ A7ar

19 ÉÑ Aog8Is

20 ÊÈ vIs

21 ÊÉ AekvIs

22 ÊÊ bavIs

23 ÊË tevIs

24 ÊÌ covIs

3

25 ÊÍ pCcIs

26 ÊÎ 2vIs

27 ÊÏ s]aavIs

28 ÊÐ A¹avIs

29 ÊÑ Aog8{aIs

30 ËÈ {aIs

31 ËÉ Aek{aIs

32 ËÊ b{aIs

33 ËË te{aIs

34 ËÌ co{aIs

35 ËÍ pa&{aIs

36 ËÎ 2{aIs

37 ËÏ sa6{aIs

38 ËÐ Aa6{aIs

39 ËÑ Aog8calIs

40 ÌÈ calIs

41 ÌÉ AektalIs

42 ÌÊ betalIs

43 ÌË tetalIs

44 ÌÌ cu&malIs

45 ÌÍ ipStalIs

46 ÌÎ 2etalIs

47 ÌÏ su6talIs

51 ÍÉ Aekavn

52 ÍÊ bavn

51 ÍÉ Aekavn

52 ÍÊ bavn

53 ÍË tepn

54 ÍÌ copn

55 ÍÍ p&cavn

56 ÍÎ 2Ppn

57 ÍÏ s]aavn

58 ÍÐ A¹avn

59 ÍÑ Aog8sa;5

60 ÎÈ sa;5

61 ÎÉ Aeks5

62 ÎÊ bas5

63 ÎË tes5

64 ÎÌ cos5

65 ÎÍ pa&s5

66 ÎÎ 2as5

67 ÎÏ s6s5

68 ÎÐ A6s5

69 ÎÑ Ag8ois]aer

70 ÏÈ is]aer

71 ÏÉ ;kotr

72 ÏÊ boter

73 ÏË toter

76 ÏÎ 2oter

77 ÏÏ isTyotr

78 ÏÐ ;5yotr

79 ÏÑ Ag*yaAe&sI

4

80 ÐÈ Ae&sI

81 ÐÉ AekyasI

82 ÐÊ ByasI

83 ÐË TyasI

84 ÐÌ coyaRsI

85 ÐÍ p&casI

86 ÐÎ 2yasI

87 ÐÏ isTyasI

88 ÐÐ ;5yasI

89 ÐÑ neVyasI

90 ÑÈ nevu&

91 ÑÉ Aeka8u&

92 ÑÊ ba8u&

93 ÑË ta8u&

94 ÑÌ cora8u&

95 ÑÍ p&ca8u&

96 ÑÎ 2Nn&u

97 ÑÏ s]aa8u&

98 ÑÐ A¹a8u&

99 ÑÑ nVva8u&

A hundred and higher figures are as under:

100 ÉÈÈ so, Aekso

200 ÊÈÈ bso

300 ËÈÈ {a8so

400 ÌÈÈ carso

500 ÍÈÈ pa&cso

600 ÎÈÈ 2so

700 ÏÈÈ satso

800 ÐÈÈ Aa5so

900 ÑÈÈ nvso

1,000 É,ÈÈÈ hjar, Aek hjar

10,000 ÉÈ,ÈÈÈ ds hjar

100,000 ÉÈÈ,ÈÈÈ la`, Aek la`

5

1,000,000 É,ÈÈÈ,ÈÈÈ ds la`

10,000,000 ÉÈ,ÈÈÈ,ÈÈÈ kro6

100,000,000 ÉÈÈ,ÈÈÈ,ÈÈÈ ds kro6

1,000,000,000 É,ÈÈÈ,ÈÈÈ,ÈÈÈ Abj

10,000,000,000 ÉÈ,ÈÈÈ,ÈÈÈ,ÈÈÈ ds Abj

Note: There is no concept of ‘million’ in Gujarati

While reading a number of more than two digits, no ‘and’ is required as in English. Examples:

ÊÎÑ bso Ag8ois]aer

Ë,ÎÐÏ {a8 jhar 2so isTyasI

Í,ÉÐ,ÑÈÍ pa&c la`, A7ar hjar, nvso pa&c

However, while doing counting the conjunction ne may be used while reading the last two digits.

If the penultimate digit is 0 (zero) the ne may be used with the last digit. Examples:

ÊÎÑ bsone Ag8ois]aer

Ë,ÎÐÏ {a8 jhar 2sone isTyasI

Í,ÉÐ,ÑÈÍ pa&c la`, A7ar hjar, nvsone pa&c

Ordinals The ordinals behave like adjectives and agree with the nouns in gender.

English

Ordinals

Masculine Feminine Neuter

6

First

phelo

Élo

phelI

ÉlI

phelu&

Élu&

Second

2nd

bIjo

Êjo

bI@

Ê@

bIju&

Êju&

Third

3rd

{aIjo

Ëjo

{aI@

Ë@

{aIju&

Ëju&

Fourth

4th

co9o

Ì9o

co9I

Ì9I

co9u&

Ì9u&

Fifth

5th

pa&cmo

Ímo

pa&cmI

ÍmI

pa&cmu&

Ímu&

Sixth

6th

2¹o

ιo

2¹I

ιI

2¹u&

ιu&

Seventh

7th

satmo

Ïmo

satmI

ÏmI

satmu&

Ïmu&

For each of the higher ordinal use mo, mI, mu& as the case may be.

Fractions Following are the terms for Gujarati fractions:

Simple

¼ pa

½ A60u&

7

¾ po8u&

Plus

Examples

Plus ¼ sva 1 ¼ sva Aek

Plus ½ sa6a 3 ½ sa6a {a8

Plus ¾ po8u& 2 ¾ po8a {a8

Notes:

(1) The A60u& And po8u& agree with the noun in gender and number. Examples:

A60o kagX ‘half paper’

A60a kagX ‘half of the papers’

A60I kerI ‘half mango’

A60I kerIAo ‘half of the mangos

A60u& keXu& ‘half banana’

A60a& keXa& ‘half of the bananas’

(2)

For 1 ½ and 2 ½ always use A7I and do7 respectively.

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Vocabulary*

* Derived with a few modifications from "wCcgi8tnI pir-aqa" 1966. (Terminology of higher mathematics), Publisher: Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, India.

9

A

absolute inrpex absolute term Aclpd absolute value inrpex mULy absurd As&gt accuracy coksa: acute angle l3uko8 acute angled triangle l3ui{ako8 additon srvaXo, v]aakar adjacent angle s&lGn ko8 adjacent sides s&lGn bajuAo admissible solution SvIkayR wkel admissible value SvIkayR ik&mt aggregate smUh, g8 algebra bIjgi8t algebric expression bIj rai= algebric geometry yam-Uimit algebric bEijk alternate AekaNtr alternaternado AekaNtr p/ma8

alternately AekaNtre alternating function p/its&imt iv0ey alternating series p/its&imt [ae7I analysis p<(9kr8,

ive¿leq8 analytical geometry vE¿leiqk -Uimit angle `U8o angle at the center keN±S9 U8o angle at the circumferemce capS9 ko8 angle of contact Sp=R`U8o angle of depression Avse0 angle of elevation wTse0 angular ko8Iy angular diagram v<ta&= Aak<it angular measurement ve0 angular momentum ko8Iy vegman angular velocity ko8Iy veg anti-logarithm p/itl3ug8k applied mathematics p/yo@t gi8t applied statistics p/yo@t

Aa&k6a=aS{a

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approximately Aa=re, lg-g a priori pUvRSvIk<t, g<hIt apse nIcoCc ib&du apse line nIcoCc re`a arc cap area xe{afX areal xe{aIy areal co-ordinate xe{aIy yam arithmetic average sma&tr srera= arithmetic mean sma&tr m)yk arithmetic progression sma&tr [ae8I arithmetic series sma&tr [ae7I arithmetic geometric series sma&tr gu8o]ar

[ae7I arms (of angle) -Uja, re`a ascending c7to k/m association s&b&0 associate law smUhno inym assumption SvIk<it assymetrical ivqm, ivs&imt at random y±C2

average srera=, m)yk, srasrI

axis Ax axiom SvtŠis)0 sTy axis of co-ordinate Axo, yamaxo axis of reference Aa0ar Axo axis of perspective ±Q5 yx axis of X = X re`a, -Ujax axis of Y=Y re`a, ko4\yx

B backward formula p<Q5sU{a bar-diagram St&-ak<it base Aa0ar, payo base of support Aa0arpI5 basic Aa0ar-Ut,

mUX-Ut bell-shaped diagram 3&4ak<it bimodal iµbhulk binode iµtl pat binominal iµpdI bipole 0/uvyuGm biquadratic iµvgR

11

bisector iµ-ajk bivariate iµcl bounding line pirre`a bracket kO&s branch =a`a breadth phoXa: budget bje4, A&dajp{a business statistics Vyvsay ivqyk

Aa&k6a=aS{a

C calculating machine g8trIy&{a calculation g8trI calculus kln gi8t cancel w6a6I devu& canonical variation iviht cln capacity xmta cardinal g8naTmk cantesinal =ta&=k central keN±Iy central moments keiN±y p/3at characteristic (of log) pU8aR&k

circle vtuRX, v<]a circular vtUXakar, v<]aIy circular determinants ck/Iy inyamko circular diagram v<]aak<it circular function v<]aIy iv0ey circular measure v<]aIy man circular line (at a point) v<]are`a circular points v<]aib&duAo circular at infinity An&te v<]aib&duAo circular test ck/Iy pirx8 circulating decimals Aav<]a d=a&= circumcenter pirkeN± circumference piri0, pir3 circumpolar pir0/uvIy circum-radius piri{ajya circumscribed circle pirv<]a circumscribing pirgt class vgR class magnitude vgRman classification vgIRkr8

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co-effecient A&k, gu8k, shgu8k

colliner smre collinearity smre ta column kolm, St&- combination s&cy common samaNy common multiple samaNy AvyvI common system (of Log) samaNy d=a0ar commutative law k/mno inym comparision test tulna pirx8 complete differential pU8R ivkl complete the squares pU8R vgR krvo component equations 34k smIkr8 components 34ko composite im[a composite hypothesis s&yukt pirkLpna composite number -ajy pU8aR&k compound s&yukt computation Ai-g8na computer Ai-g8k

cone =&ku conical point =&kupat conical projection =&kup/xep conicoids =&kuj conjugate Anub&0 conoid =&kva-as conormal points smi-l&b ib&duAo consecutive k/imk consequent w]arpd consistency s&gtta constant Acl constituent 34k construction of index numbers Aa&krcna contavarient p/itcl covective equilibrium s&vahI s&iS9it converse Wl4u&, p/it co-ordinate yam co-ordination smNvy coplaner smtlIy correlation shs&b&0 corollary wpp/mey

13

corresponding Anu£p corresponding angle Anuko8 co-terminal angles smsIm `U8a couple blyuGm, yuGm covariance shivcr8 covarient shcl cross-multiplication SviStkgu8n ityRk gu8n cross-ration of pencil re`avilnu& ityRk p/ma8 cube 3n, sm3n cube root 3nmUX, t<tIymUl cubic contravariant i{a3at p/itcl cubic co-variant i{a3at shcl cubic curve i{a3atI vk/ cubic equation 3naTmk smIkr8 i{a3at smIkr8 cubic expression i{a3at pdavil i{a3at smIkr8 cubic measure 3nfX, 3nman cubic surd 3nIkr8 cuboid l&b3n

camulants yog3at cumulative s&cyI curve vk/re`a, vk/ curve fitting vk/ ANvayojn curve surface vk/tl curve tracing vk/ale`n curve in space i{aimt vk/ curvilinear vk/Iy cusp ini=t cuspidal locus ini=t ib&dup9 cut 2edvu& cycle ck/ cyclic ck/Iy cycle of quotients (continued fraction) -agflonu& ck/ cycle of substitution Aade=ck/ cyclic order ck/Iy k/m cyclic part (continued fraction) Aav<]a `&6 cyclic quadrilateral v<]aIy ctuQko8 cylinder nXakar

14

D damped Avm&idt damping factor Avm&dn Avyv dash 6e= data Aa&k6a, maihtI decagon d=ko8 decimal d=a&= decimal fraction d=a&= ApU8aR&k deciles d=a&=k decreasing 34tu& deduce ingmn krvu& deduction ingmn definite suini¾t definite integral inyt s&kl definition Vya~ya degree A&= degree ma{aa degree of curve vk/no 3ata&k degree of an expression of an equation pirma8 degree of freedom Svat&{yma{aa delete dUr krvu&

w6a6I devu& demand curve magvk/ denominator 2ed denote d=aRvvu& derivative ivklnfl ivkilt derivative of an arc capnu& ivkln derived function ingimt iv0ey descending wtrtu& descending node AvrohI pat descriptive statistics v8RnaTmk

Aa&k6a=aS{a determinant in¾ayk deviation ivcln diagonal ivk8R diagonal points ivk8R ib&duAo diagonal triangle ivk8R i{ako8 diagram Aak<it diameter Vyas diametral plane keN±tl difference equation A&trsmIkr8

15

difference table A&trkoQ4k differentiable ivklnIy differentiability ivkLyta differential ivkl differential calculus ivklnivd\ya differential coefficien ivklngu8 differential equation ivkl smIkr8 differential of an arc capno ivkl differentiation ivkln differentiation under the integral sign s&kl ich\nma& ivkln digit Aa&k6o dihendral angle iµtlko8 dimension pirma8 distribution iv-ajn, ivtr8 distributed ivxoi-t dividend -ajy dividendo ivyogp/ma8 divisibility inŠ=eq -ajyta division -agakar division transformation -agakr ivi0

divisor -ajk domain xe{a double bm8u&, iµgui8t double contact iµSp=R double integral iµs&kl double line iµkre`a double point iµib&du double root iµkbIj double sampling iµind=Rn double star yuGmtark double tabulation iµiv0 koQ4k doublet vIjyuGm doubly infinite (system of curves) iµAn&t equal brabr, sr`u&,

sman equal in all respect svaR&gsm, Aek£p aequality saMy, smanta equate smIkvu& equation smIkr8 equations involving reciprocals of unknowns VyitkraTmk smIkr8

16

equations involving reciprocals of center wTkeN±s&Skar equations involving reciprocals of motion gitsmIkr8 equations involving reciprocals of three moments i{a-ajk smIkr8 equations involving reciprocals of trigonometrical i{ako8mItIy smIkr8 equiangular smko8 equiangular spiral smko8avtR equiconjugate diameter smanub)0

keN±re a equi-cross smityRk\ equidistant sr e A&tre equivalent smxe{a equivalent smpirma8I equivalent sman equivalent equations smbIj equivalent equation pyaRiyk smIkr8 equivalent system sms&iht error {au4I escribed circle bihv<t estimate Anuman krvu&

estimate Aag8n krvu& estimate AnUman, Aag8k estimated Anuimit Euler's exponential values Ao:lrnu&

3ata&kIy mULy even bekI even function smiv0ey example da`lo, wdahr8 ex-center bihQkeN± expend ivStr8 krvu& expansion ivStr8 expected frequency Apeixt Aav<i]a expected value Apeixt mULy explicit SpQ4 exponent 3ata&k exponential 3ata&kIy exponential value 3ata&kIy £p express d=aRvvu& expression pdavil, rai= ex-radious bihr\i{ajya

F

17

factor Avyv factorial k/mgui8t factorial design k/mgui8t rcna factorization Avyv p<(9kr8 factor reversal test pdivpyaRs

prIx8 factor theorem Avyv p/mey figure Aak<it finite pirimt, sIimt finite discontinuity pirimt AsatTy finite series pirimt [ae8I five parts-formula p&c34k sU{a fixed iS9r, inyt,

ini¾t fixed line iS9r re a flat surface smtl focal distance nai-A&tr focal ellipse nai-j wpvly focal hyperbola nai-j Aitvly focal perabola nai-j prvly focal redius nai-i{ajya

focus nai- foot of the perpendicular l&bpad foot of poundal fU4 pawN6l force diagram bX Aale form £p, Sv£p formula sU{a forward formula Ag/ sU{a four-part formula ctu3R4k sU{a forth power ctu3aRt forth proportional ctu9R p/ma8pd forth root ctu9R mUX fraction ApU8aR&k fractional (adj.) ApU8aR&k fractional equation ApU8aR&kvaXu&

smIkr8 frequency AavtRn s&~ya function iv0ey fl fundamental mUX-Ut fundamental operation mUX-Ut ik/yaAo fundamental plane mUXtl

G

18

geometric average smgu8o]ar srera=

geometric mean smgu8o]ar general Vyapk generally samaNy rIte generate sjRvu& generating function sjRk iv0ey generator sjRkre a geometry -Uimit geometric mean smgu8o]ar [ae8I geometric series smgu8o]ar [ae7I grade g/e6 graded data k/mb)0 Aa&k6a k/mb)0 maihtI Graco-Latin square g/IkoÝle4In cors graph Aale` graph paper Aale`np{a graphical statics Aale`Iy

iS9itiv}aan great circle guruv<]a G.C.M (greatest Common Measure) gu.sa.A (guru]am sa0ar8 Avyv) group indices smUh Aa&k

grouping of data Aa&knu& vgIRkr8 maihtInu& vgIRkr8 growth rate v<i)0dr

H harmonic (Algebra) hraTmk harmonic dynamics s&vadI, p/s&vadI harmonic series Svirt [ae8I harmonic system Svirt g8, SvrIt VyvS9a H.C.F. (Higest Common Factor)

gu.sa.A.(guru]am sa0ar8 Avyv) height w&ca: heptagon sPtko8 heterogeneous ivqma&g, ivqm

pirma8 hexagon q4\ko8 higest term wCc pd histogram St&-ale` historiogram samiyk Aale` hedograph vegale` homogeneous sma&g smpirma8 homograph vk/tale`

19

homographic smÝityRk homothetic sm£p Ane

smiS9t homothetic center sm£pta keN± horizontal smixitj horizontal line smixitj re a horizontal parallax xEitj l&bn horizontal plane smixitj tl horizontal range smixitj A&tr hypergeometric distribution Aitgu8o]ar ivtr8 hypergeometric series Aitgu8o]ar [ae7I hypotenuse k8R hypothetical pirkiLpt ahypothesis kiLpta9R, px

I ideal index number Aad=R A&k identical svaR&gsm, inTysm identity inTysmta imaginarily homothetic kLPnaiS9t sm£p imaginary kaLpink

imaginary part kaLpink A&= impact s&3at impedance Avba0 implicit gi-Rt improper Anuict improper fraction Anuict ApU8aR&k improper integral Anuict s&kl incenter A&tŠkeN± inclination nitko8 inclined plane nttl included angle A&tgRt ko8 A&tgRt `U8o incommensurable As&mey incommensurability As&meyta incomplete ApU8R inconsistent (equations) As&gt increase v0aro incrementary ration wpcy p/ma8 in defect ¢8 indefinite Aini¾t,

Ainyt indefinite integral Ainyt s&kln

20

independent inrpex indetermination Aini¾tta index 3ata&k index number 3ata&k n&br indicatrix vk/indeR= indirect prox indirect correlation VySt shs&b&0 indirect inquiry prox tpas indirect diagram indeR=k Aale inductive inference Aagimk Anuman induction method Aagmnp)0it inequality AsmIkr8 inference Anuman inferior conjunction Aa&tryuit inferior number nIc s&~ya infinite An&t infinitesimal =UNyai-cl infinitely great An&t infinitely small ATyLp infinity An&tI

ingress p/ve= intial Aad\y initial line Aad\yre`a in perspective sm±Q4 iradius A&tŠiS{ajy inscribed circle A&tv<t insertion inve=n integer pU8aR&k integral s&kilt, s&kl integral as the limit of a sum [ae7Ina lx£pe

s&kln integral calculus s&klnivd\ya integral curve s&kilt vk/ integral expression pU8aR&k pdavil integral part pU8aR&= integral solution pU8aR&k bIj integrand s&kLy integrate s&kln krvu& integrating factor s&kLykark

Avyv integration s&kln integration, approximate S9UX s&kln

21

integration in series [ae7I£p s&kln interior angle A&tŠko8 interior opposite angle A&tŠs&mu ko8 interminable division An&t -agakr in terms of arch capIy, cayp/clI internal A&tirt internal bisector A&tiµR-ajk inverse ivprIt inverse interpolation ivpirt A&tveR=n interpolation with equal intervals

sma&tr A&tveR=n interpolation with unequal intervals

Asma&tr A&tveR=n interpretation A9R34n interquartile range ctu9Rk A&tr intersect 2edvu& intersect prthogonally l&b2ed 9vo l&b2ed krvo interclass correlation vgaR&t shs&b&0 intrinsic Svay]a ainvariable in¾l inverse VySt, WL4u&

inverse (circle) p/tIp inverse circular function v<]aIy p/itiv0ey inverse curves p/tIp vk/o inverse function p/itiv0ey ainverse hyperbolic functions AitvlyI

p/itiv0ey inverse line. etc. p/i{ajya vgere inverse operations Wl4I ik/yaAo inverse operator p/itkark inverse order Wl4o k/m inverse point p/tIp ib&du inverse probability ivprIt s&-avna inverse proportion VySt p/ma8 inverse ration VySt gu8o]ar inverse variation VySt cln inversely similar p/itÝsm£p inversion p/tIpn invertendo VyStp/ma8 investigation ANve=n investigator ANveqk

22

involute p/itkeN±j involution 3atik/ya involution smuTk/m8 involution pencil smuTk/m8 re avil involution range smuTk/m8

ib&dup&ikt irrational As&mey isogonal smnt isolated point Aeka&kI ib&du isoperimetric smpirimitk isosceles tetrahedron iµsm ctuQflk isosceles triangle iµsm i{ako8

J Jacobians jekoibyn joint frequency distributions

s&yuky Aav<i]a ivtr8 joint probability s&yukt s&-avna joint variation s&yukt cln

K kind p/kar

L Latin square le4In cors latus-rectum nai-l&b law of inverse square VySt vgRno inym

law of Indices 3ata&kno inym law of larage numbers mhas&~yaAono

inym law of Statistical regularity Aa&k6aAonI

inyimttaAono is)0a&t

leading term Ag/pd leading constituent Ag/34k leading diagonal Ag/ivk8R least l3u]am least square Nyuntm vgR left hand vam left hand side 6abI baju, pUvRpx lemma pUvRp/mey lemniscate iµpa=I length l&ba: level smtl, smixitj level of significance sa9RktanI kxa like (terms) sjatIy likelyhood function ivs&-avna iv0ey

23

likelyhod ration test ivs&-avna gu8o]ar prIx8

like parallel forces sjatIy sma&tr

bXo like (signs) smich\n limit lx limited sImIt limiting sImaNt limiting points lxib&du limiting value lx limitless inŠsIm line re`a line at infinity An&t re`a linear re`Iy, sure` line integral re`as&kl line of centers keN±re a line of curvature vk/tare`a line of force blre a line of greatest slope mh]am 7aXnI

re`a line of regression inyt s&b&0 re`a literal equation v8R smIkr8

literal coeffecient v8Rgu8k locus ib&dup9 logarithm l3ug8k logarithmic series l3ug8kIy [ae8I logical tkRs&gt lower quartile p/9m ctu9Rk

M major arc gurucap manifold classification bhuiv0 vgIRkr8 manifold tabulation bhuiv0

koQ4krcna mantissa A&=k marginal sImavtIR mathematical analysis gi8tIy iv¿leq8 mathematical inducation gi8tIy Anuman matrix [aei8k maximum Ai0ktm maximum likelihood Ai0ktm

s&-avna

mean srera=, m)yk, m)ym

mean anomaly m)ym ko8

24

mean derivation srera= ivcln mean parallax m)yman S9an-ed mean proportional m)ym p/ma8pd mean value m)ykman mean theoram m)ykmannu& p/mey measure map, man measure of association s&b&0man measurement of angles ko8mapn ko8map medial section m)ymey 2ed median m)yga method of detached coefficient

p<9k gu8a&konI rIt

metod of differences A&trivi0 method of divisors -ajkivi0 method of expansion ivStr8ivi0 method of substitution Aade=nI rIt method of undermined multipliers

Aini8Rt gu8konI rIt

middle term m)ypd mid-point m)yib&du& minimum NyUntm

minimum value NyUntm mULy minor wpin¾ayk minor arc l3ucap minus bad, Ao2a, ¢8 mixed fraction im[a ApU8aR&k monotonic AeksU{aI multinominal bhupdI multinominal distribution bhupdI ivtr8 multinominal expression bhupdI pdavil multiple gui8t multiple angles gui8t `U8aAo multiple correlation bhuclIy

shs&b&0 multiple integral bhus&kl multiple point bhul ib&du multiple regression bhuclIy inyt

s&b&0 multiple root bhugui8t bIj multiplicand gu*y multiplication gu8akar multiplication rule gu8akarno inym

25

multiplier gu8k multivariate bhucl multiple analysis bhucl p<(9kr8 multivariate distribution bhucl ivtr8 mutual prSpr, parSpirk

N nadir p/itm)y natural logarithm p/ak<itk l3ug8k samaNy l3ug8k natural number samaNy s&~ya negative ¢8, ¢8aTmk, Ao2a negative association ¢8aTmk s&b&0 negative correlation ¢8aTmk

shs&b0 normal p/ma*y, samaNy normal curve p/ma*y ivtr8 normal distribution p/ma*y ivtr8 normal equations p/ma*y smIkr8o normal plane Aivl&b tl normal regression p/ma*y inyt

s&b&0 normal section l&b2ed

norm of angles ko8ad=R norm of sides -ujad=R notation p/tIkVyvS9a,

s&ketn nucleus nai- null hypothesis inrakr8Iy

pikLpna null line =UNy -/amk re`a null plane =UNy -/amk tl null point =UNy -/amk ib&du null sequence =UNy [ae8I number s&~ya number scale s&~yale numerator A&= numerical s&~yaTmk numerical coefficient A&kgu8k numerical factor A&kavyv numerically sadI s&~yanI rIte

O oblique {aa&sI, ityRk observed frequency Avlokn Aav<i]a observer Avloknkar

26

obtuse angle guruko8 obtuse angled triangle gurui{ako8 octagon AQ4ko8 octahedron AQ4flk odd AekI s&~ya, Asm odd functions Asm iv0ey ogive curve s&ymI Aav<i]a vk/ orthogonality l&bC2edkta,

l&b]v. open (curve) ivv<]a open (interval) ivv<]a operational factor ik/yasUck Avyv operator kark opposite Wl4u& opposite angle s&mu ko8 opposite edges s&mu 0ar opposite sides samsamI bajuAo, s&mu bajuAo opposition p/ityuit order k/m order of differentials equations

kxa, k/m

order of figurate numbers s£p s&~ya [ae8I order of powers 3atk/m order of surds kr8I3at ordinal k/maTmk ordinal numbers k/maTmk s&~yaAo ordinary (differential equations)

samaNy ordinate koi4 origin Wgmib&du, Wgm ortho-center l&bkeN± orthocentric tetrahedron l&bctuQflk orthogonal l&b2edI orthogonal involution l&bko8Iy

smuTk/m8 orthogonal pencil l&bko8Iy

re`avlI orthogonal polynomial l&b2edI bhupdI orthogonal projection l&bp/xep orthogonal trajectory l&b2edI vk/ orthogonal transformation l&b2edI pirvtRn

P pair jo6, yuGm pair of straight line re`ayuGm

27

partisan ivyojn partisan of numbers pU8aR&konu& ivyojn parent population mUX smiQ4 parabola prvly parabolic prvlyI parabolic point prvlyib&du parabloid prvlyj parallactic angle l&bnko8 parallactic ellipse l&bn wpvly parallax l&bn, S9an-ed parallel smaNtr parallel curves smaNtr vk/o parallelopiped smaNtr flk parallelogram smaNtr -Uj, smaNtr baju, ctuQko8 parallelogram law smaNtr-Ujno

inym parameter p/cl parametric p/clIy part A&=, -ag, &6,

34k

partial association Aa&i=k s&b&0 partial correlation Aa&i=k shs&b&0 partial differential equiation Aa&i=k ivkl

smIkr8 partial differentiation AekclIy ivkln Aa&i=k ivkln partial fraction ApU8aR&k &6, Aa&i=k &6 partial product iv-agIy gu8akar partial regression Aa&i=k inyt

s&b&0 particular ivi=Q4 particular integral ivi=Q4 s&kl particular values ivyojn mULyo partly A&=tŠ pedal equuation paidk smIkr8 pedal (Simpson) line paidk re`a pedal triangles (Ortho-centric)

paidk i{ako8 pencil re`avlI pencil in involution smuTk/m8 re avlI pentaggon p&cko8 pentahedron p&cflk per cent p/it =tk

28

percentage 4ka percentiles =ta&=k perfect cube pU8R 3n perimeter pirimit permutation k/mcy permutation with repetition AavtIR k/mcy permutation with restriction =rtI k/mcy perpendicular l&b perpendicular bisector l&b iµ-ajk perpendicular line l&bre a perturbations ivxo- plane smtl plane angle smtl ko8 plane circuit smtl sikR4 plane of floation Plvntl plane of section smtlC2ed plumb line AoX&banI re`a planimeters xe{amapk plot (the points) Aale vu& point ib&du

point equation ib&dusmIkr8 point estimation ib&duAag8n point of application p/yogib&du, kayRib&du point of bisection m)yib&du points of concurrence s&gmib&du points of contact Sp=Rib&du points of intersection 2ednib&du points of suspension Avl&bn ib&du points of symmetry simitkeN± points of trisection i{a-agib&du polygon bhuko8 apolygonal numbers bhukoi8k

s&~yaAo polyhedron bhuflk polynominal bhupdI polynominal regression bhupidk inyt

s&b&0 position iS9it positive 0n, 0naTmk positive correlation 0n shs&b&0 power 0at

29

power function sam(yR iv0ey power series 3at [ae7I power of a test prIx8 sam(yR preceding pUvRgamI prediction p/ak\k9n prime (mutually) sapex Aiv-ajy prime function Aiv-ajy

pdavil prime meridian Aar&i-k yamo]ar prime modulus mUl mana&k prime number Aiv-ajy pU8aR&k prime vertical pUvaRpr wd\v<]a primitive pUvRg primitive root mU~y bIj principle inym, is)0aNt principle axes mu~y Axo principle directions p/id=a principle normal p/ai-l&b principle plane p/flk principle radius p/i{ajya

principle section p/C2ed principle solution p/bIj principle value of logarithm p/mULy prinicple of superimposition A)yaropno inym principle part p/0an A&=, mu~y A&= prism ip/zm probable s&-ivt probable error s&-ivt {au4I probability s&-avna problem smSya, kU4p/½ product gu8akar product formula gu8akarsU{a progression [ae8I projectile p/ixPt projective p/xepI projective geometry p/xep -Uimit projective property p/xep]v proof saibtI, isi)0 proper fraction wict ApU8aR&k property gu80mR

30

proporation p/ma8 proporational p/ma8 proporational mean m)ym p/ma8pd propositionally p/ma8sr proposition p/mey, sa)y aprotracter ko8mapk prove saibt krvu&, is)0 krvu& pure geometry =u)0 -Uimit pure mathematics =u)0 gi8t purposive sampling shetuk ind=Rn

O Q.E.D. :it is)0m\ C.E.F. :it k<tm quadrangle ctuQko8, cors quadrantal triangle l&bi{a-Uj quadratic vgaRTmk quadratic equlation vgaRTmk

smIkr8, iµ3at smIkr8 quadratic expression vgaRTmk pdavil quadratic function vgaRTmk fl, vgaRTmk iv0ey

quadratic surd vgRkr8I, vgaRTmk kr8I quadrature xe{akln quadrilateral gu8aTmk Aa&k6a quantiles ivyojko quantitative data manaTmk Aa&k6a quantity rai= quantum index mana&k quartic curve ctu4aRtI vk/ quartile deviation ctu9Rk ivcln questionnaire p/½avil quotient -agakar quotient (continued fraction) -agfl

R radian i{ajyako8 radical mUl radical axis mUlax radical center mUl keN± radical palne mUl tl radical sign mUl ich\n radicand Aa0ar

31

radius i{ajya radius of convergence Ai-sar i{ajya radius of curvature vk/ta i{ajya radius of gyration -/m i{ajya radius of inversion p/tIpn i{ajya radius of torsion kui4lta i{ajya radius of vector i{ajya sid^= radix A&kna&k radix fraction A&knp)0itma&

ApU8aR&k random ydC2k range ib&dup&ikt range of convergence Ai-sar myaRda range of involution smuTk/m8

ib&dup&ikt range of projective points p/xepI ib&dup&ikt rank k/m rank correlation k/ma&k shs&b&0 rate dr ratio gu8o]ar, p/ma8 ration chart p/ma8 ic{a

ratio estimate p/ma8 Aag8k ratio test gu8o]ar prIx8 ratio of equality smgu8o]ar ratio of greater inequality Ai0gu8o]ar ratio of lesser inequality hIngu8o]ar ratio of variation cln p/ma8 rational s&mey rational integral function pU8R3atbhupdI rational integral function pU8aR&k pdavlI rational number s&mey s&~ya rationalize s&mey krvu& rationalization s&meyIkr8 rationalising factor s&meykark real vaStivk real number vaStivk s&~ya real part vaStivk A&= reciprocal Vyitkr, VySt reciprocal determinant VySt in¾ayk reciprocal equation VySt smIkr8 reciprocal figures p/ityog Aak<itAo

32

reciprocal relation p/ityog s&b&0 reciprocal root VySt bIj reciprocal theorem p/ityog p/mey reciprocally proportional VySt p/ma8ma& reciprocation VyStIkr8 rectangle l&bcors rectangular array Aaytsr8I rectangular axis l&ba=o rectangular distribution Aayat ivtr8 rectangular hyperbola l&baitvly rectification capkln rectifying plane Sp=aRi-l&b tl rectiliner figure sure Aak<it rectiliner motion sure git recurring decimal Aav<]a d=a&= recurrence formula Aav<i]asU{a relativity of co-ordinates yamonI sapexta relativity sapexta reminder =eq reminder after n-terms pda&te =eq

reminder theorem =eq p/mey represent d=aRvvu&, in£p8 krvu&, s&ketn krvu& representation s&ketna, in£p8 representative sample p/itini0 ind=Rn residual error Avi=Q4 doq residues Av=eq, v¥I residues of powers of numbers pU8aR&k3atav=eq resolve into factors Avyv p<(9kr8 respectively Anuk/me result pir8am resultant pir8amI reversed order Wl4o k/m reversibility ivpyaRsta rhomboid sm0ar, smaNtr

flk rhombus smctu-uRj right angle ka4`U8o, l&bko8 right angled triangle l&bi{ako8 right circulation cone sm=&ku, =&ku

33

right cylinder smisilN6r, isilN6r right prism l&bip/zm right section l&bC2ed root mUl, mUX root of an equation bIj row har rule inym Rule (additional) yoginym rule of cross multiplication SviStk gu8n inym rule, zigzag spaRkar inym ruled surface rei`t p<Q5 ruler fU4p$\4I

S sample ind=R sampling ind=Rn sampling distribution ind=Rn ivtr8 sampling method ind=Rn rIit sampling of attribute gu8aTmk ind=Rn sampling technique ind=Rn p)0it

sampling of variables manaTmk ind=Rn scalar function Ai±= iv0ey scalar product Ai±= gu8akar scale of notation A&knp)0it scale of relation s&b&0sU{a scalene triangle ivqm i{ako8 scattered diagram ivkI8aRk<it, ivkI8R ic{a score p/aPta&k secant 2edk re a sector of circle v<ta&= sectorial area iµi{ajy xe{a segment sure a `&6, `&6 segment of circle v<]a`&6 segment of a stright line sure a`&6, pd self-conjugate triangle Svanub)0 i{ako8 self evident SvtŠis)0 self induction AaTmp/er8 self-polar Svanub)0 semi-axies A0aRx semi circle A0Rv<t

34

semi-cubical parabola saim0nIy prvly

semi-continuity 6A0RsatTy semi-diameter A0RVyas,

A0RkeN±re`a semi-inter quartile range A0Rctu9Rk A&tr semi-vertical angle A0R i=rŠko8 seperation of roots kark iv-ajn, bIj ivyojn semi-perimeter A0Rpirimit sequence [ae8I serial Anuk/m serial correlation [ae7Igt shs&b&0 series [ae7I series (of family) of curves vk/s&hit series finite saNt [ae7I series of images p/itib&b [ae8I series, recurring Aav<]a [ae7I series, reversion of [e7I ivpyaRs sequential analysis AaynÝk/imk

p<(9kr8 set g8

set square ka4 Ui8yu&, l&bpamk side (f an equiatio) px, baju sign ich\n, s&ket,

s&}aa significance sa9Rkta significant sa9R significant figure sa9R A&k signless number ivich\n s&~ya, sadI s&~ya similar sm£p similar and directly homothetic

smiS9t sm£p

similar and inversely homothetic p/itiS9t sm£p

similitude Anu£pta simple equation sadu& smIkr8 simple sampling srl ind=Rn simplification sadu& £p simplify sadu& £p Aapvu& simultaneous equation yugpt\ smIkr8 single tabulation Aekiv0

koQ4krcna

35

singular point AsamaNy ib&du size kd sketch Aak<it, Aale`n skew ivqmtlIy skew quadrilateral ivqmtl ctuQko8 skewness ivqmta slant hight {aa&sI w&ca: slope 7aX small circle l3uv<]a smooth curve suvk/ solid 3nak<it, 3n solid angle 3nko8 solution wkel solve (the ewuation) smIkr8 2o6vu& solved example g8elo da`lo sorter y9avgRk sorting y9avgRn source of error doqnu& mUX specification indeR=n spherical cap i=rob&0

spherical polygon golIy bhuko8 spherical radius golIy i{ajya spherical segment golIy `&6 spherical triangle golIy i{ako8 spherical trigonometry golIy i{ako8imit square (verb) vgR krvo square (noun) vgR square (noun) cors squared paper Aale`p{a square root vgRmUl square term vgRpd standard p/mai8t standard angles ivi=Q4 `U8aAo standardization p/ma8Ikr8 statement k9n, iv0an statistic Aag8k statistica; Aa&k6aiv`yk, sa&i~ykIy statistician Aa&k6a=aS{aI, s&~yavE}aaink statistics (data) Aa&k6a

36

statistics (as a science) Aa&k6a=aS{a, s&~yaiv}aan, sa&i~ykI step pd straight angle sure ko8 straight line sure a stratum Str sub-duplicate ration vgRmUl gu8o]ar subject of formula sU{ano ktaR sub-multiple wpgui8t sub-multiple angles wpgui8t `U8aAo subordinate root gO8 bIj substitution Aade= substraction badbakI subtriplicate ration 3nmUl gu8o]ar successsive reduction k/imk l3ukr8, k/imk s&xepn successive terms k/imk pdo sufficient pyaRPt sufficient statistic pyaRPt Aag8k sufficiency pyaRiPt sum srvaXo, yog

sum formula yogsU{a sum of a series [ae7Ifl summation srvaXo, yogik/ya summation formula [ae7I flsU{a,

yogsU{a supplementary angle pUrk ko8 surd kr8I surd index kr8I 3ata&k survey sveR, moj8I symbol p/tIk, s&ket,

ich\n, s&}aa smmetric smimt symmetric determinant smimt

in¾yaTmk symmetrical smimt symmetric equation smimt smIkr8 asymmetric expression smimt pdavil, smimt rai= symmetry smimt synthetic division s&ixPt -agakar

T table koQ4k

37

tabular logarithm koQ4kIy l3ug8k tabulation koQ4krcna term pd test (verb) cksavu&, meXvI jovu& test (noun) prIx8, kso4I theoretical =aS{aIy,

sE)0aiNtk theorem p/mey theorem of the equivalent layer tULy p<Q5tanu& p/mey theorem of parallel axes smaNtr Axono

inym theory of equation smIkr8 p/kr8 theory of probability s&-avnano

is)0aNt thickness ja6a: third proportional t<tIy p/ma8pd third quartile t<tIy ctu9Rk total derivation pU8R ivkln total differential pU8R ivkl trace dorvu&, Aale vu& trajectory 2edk vk/

transformation (of equation) £paNtr transit circle yoMyotr v<]a translation S9anetr transversal 2edk re a trapezium sml&bk triangle i{ako8 triangle of forces bli{ako8 triangle of reference Aa0ar i{ako8 triangular prism i{apa¼R ip/zm trigonometry i{ako8 imit trigonomometrical i{ako8imtIy trihedral angle i{atlko8 trilinear i{are`Iy trilinear quadric surd i{apdI vgIRkr8 triple i{agui8t triple tabulation i{aiv0 koQ4k

rcna triply orthogonal (system) i{a0a l&b2edI trirectangular triangle i{al&b, i{al&b

i{apuj trisect (verb) i{a-ajn krvu&

38

true SpQ4, sTy, sacu& two dimensional iµimt two dimensional field iµimt xe{a the lower bound pra0Š sIma the upper bound pro)vRsIma

U unequal Asm unit Aekm universal savRi{ak univariate Aekcl unlimited inŠsIm, Apirimt unlike (signs) Asm unlike term ivjatIy

V valid p/ma8 validity p/ma8ta, p/ama*y value ik&mt, mULy variable cl variable (adjective) cilt variable rate ivcilt dr

variance ivcr8, ivcln variate cl variate difference method claNtr rIit variation cln, v034 variation constant clngu8k vector si±= vector field si±= xe{a vector product si±= gu8akar vectorial angle si±= ko8 verification taXo, `atrI vertex i=roib&du vertical w)vR, l&bk vertical angle i=rŠko8 vertical plane W)vR smtl vertical circle W)vRv<]a vertical line W)vR re a, le a&k

re`a vertically opposite angle Ai-ko8 vinculum re`akO&s volume 3nfX

W

39

w.r.t (with respect to) na ivqe without reminder inŠ=eq

whole number pU8R=&k s&~ya

Y No word

Z zero =UNy zero produce =UNy gu8akar