Submitted by:Hardeep Singh

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

In India 65% of total power is generated by the Thermal Power Stations

G.N.D.T.P foundation stone are laid on 19, November,1969

Guru Nanak Dev Thermal Plant (G.N.D.T.P) is a project of Punjab State Power Corporation Limited (PSPCL). It is situated at outside of city Bathinda, Punjab. Its total capacity is 440 MW as at present with two units working with capacity 220MW & two unit are repairing or designed under BHEL.

Having four unit of 4 x 110 MW = 440 MW

It is a coal-based plantIt is a coal-based plant combustion of coalcombustion of coal   Heat convert Heat convert

water in pipes into steam water in pipes into steam  Steam run the turbine  Steam run the turbine  Rotates generator three phase Rotates generator three phase

electric supply is producedelectric supply is produced

INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION

Basic requirements of plantBasic requirements of plant

WaterWater Fuel (coal)Fuel (coal) BoilerBoiler Steam turbineSteam turbine GeneratorGenerator Unit auxiliaries Unit auxiliaries

RANKINE CYCLERANKINE CYCLE

Thermal power plant Thermal power plant using steam as working using steam as working fluid basically works fluid basically works upon the principle of upon the principle of Rankine cycle. Rankine cycle. Steam is Steam is generated from water generated from water in boiler Expanded in in boiler Expanded in prime mover or turbine prime mover or turbine Condensed in Condensed in condenser and again condenser and again fed into the boiler.fed into the boiler.

The general layout mainly The general layout mainly consists of three circuits:-consists of three circuits:-

steam flow circuitsteam flow circuit Water flow circuitWater flow circuit Coal flow circuitCoal flow circuit

Steam flow circuitSteam flow circuit

S.HEATER

R.H.

I.P L.PH.P

condenser

Water flow circuitWater flow circuit

ECONOMIZER

BOILER

CONDENSER

HOT WATER

COOL WATER

B.F.P

STEAM

COOLING

D.M.PLANT

CHP (Coal Handling PlantCHP (Coal Handling Plant))

Coal is unloaded from wagons Coal is unloaded from wagons using wagon tipplerusing wagon tippler

When coal reaches the plant, When coal reaches the plant, normal size normal size of coal is about 500mmof coal is about 500mm

primary crusher 120mmprimary crusher 120mm    secondary crusher25mmsecondary crusher25mm

  coal mill pulverized coalcoal mill pulverized coal feeded in boiler.feeded in boiler.

WAGON TIPPLER

Coal Flow Circuit

STEAM TURBINESSTEAM TURBINES

Turbine used at G.N.D.T.P:Turbine used at G.N.D.T.P:

S.noS.no Types of turbineTypes of turbine Turbine at Turbine at G.N.D.P.TG.N.D.P.T

1.1. Horizontal/VerticalHorizontal/Vertical HorizontalHorizontal

2.2. Single/Multi CylinderSingle/Multi Cylinder Multi CylinderMulti Cylinder

3.3. Condensing/non Condensing/non CondensingCondensing

CondensingCondensing

4.4. Reheat/non-ReheatReheat/non-Reheat Reheat Reheat

5.5. Regenerative/ non Regenerative/ non regenerativeregenerative

RegenerativeRegenerative

ManufacturersManufacturers B.H.E.LB.H.E.L

Rated speedRated speed 3000 3000 r.p.mr.p.m

Number of Number of cylindercylinder

ThreeThree

Rated Rated pressurepressure

130 130 kg/cm²kg/cm²

Rated Rated temperature temperature

535535CC

Condenser Condenser vacuum vacuum

0.9 kg/cm²0.9 kg/cm²

Main Technical Data:

Turbine AccessoriesTurbine Accessories

Surface condenserSurface condenser Steam jet air ejectorSteam jet air ejector Low pressure heaterLow pressure heater High pressure heaterHigh pressure heater Chimney steam condenserChimney steam condenser Gland steam condenser Gland steam condenser DeaeratorDeaerator Condensate extraction pumpCondensate extraction pump

CondenserCondenser

1.1. surface type surface type condensercondenser

is usedis used

2.2. The coolant for The coolant for condensing the steam condensing the steam is circulating water, is circulating water, which is inside the which is inside the condenser brass condenser brass tubes, and steam is tubes, and steam is outside.outside.

Surface condensersSurface condensers

No. of condenserNo. of condenser Two Two

Cooling areaCooling area 3330 m23330 m2

No. of brass tubesNo. of brass tubes 60006000

Circulating water required for Circulating water required for each condensereach condenser

15000T/Hr.15000T/Hr.

Allowable difference between Allowable difference between inlet & outlet C.W. water inlet & outlet C.W. water

10°C Temp10°C Temp

Vacuum in the condenserVacuum in the condenser 0.90 Kg/cm20.90 Kg/cm2

Technical data of condenser

Cooling TowerCooling Tower

NumbersNumbers fourfour

Water Water cooledcooled

18000T/18000T/hr.hr.

Cooling Cooling rangerange

1010CC

Height Height 120 to 120 to 122 122 metersmeters

These are massive Ferro-concrete structure having hyperbolic profile creating natural draught of air responsible for achieving the cooling effect.

LP and HP Heaters:LP and HP Heaters:

The both are surface type i.e., The both are surface type i.e., condensate or feed water inside condensate or feed water inside heater tubes in the heater shell.heater tubes in the heater shell.

There are five LP heaters and two HP There are five LP heaters and two HP heatersheaters

CHIMNEY STEAM AND GLAND STEAM CODENSER:

There are additional two heating There are additional two heating stages provided in the regeneration stages provided in the regeneration system of the turbine for heating the system of the turbine for heating the condense flowing through it steam condense flowing through it steam leaks off from the turbine glands is leaks off from the turbine glands is used for heating the condensate in used for heating the condensate in these heaters.these heaters.

DEAERATORDEAERATOR

The function of the deaerator is to remove dissolved non-condensable gases and to heat boiler feed water.

METHOD OF INCRESING EFFICIENCY:

1. REHEATING:

2.REGENRATIVE FEED HEATING:

STEAM CIRCUIT AT STEAM CIRCUIT AT G.N.D.P.TG.N.D.P.T