H1N1 Influenza

Dr. Sukumar T KFather Muller Medical College &

HospitalMangalore

A/H1N1 Virus

• Index Case – Mexico in March 2009

• By end of 2009 – PANDEMIC

• Virus – “2009 H1N1 Virus”

• SWINE FLU / HUMAN FLU

– REASSORTMENT

• Glycoproteins –

– Heamagglutinin – Binds to receptors

– Neuraminidase – Helps initiate the infection

Spread

• Swine Flu doesn’t often infect people, and in past have mainly affected people who had contact with pigs.

• Current ‘swine flu’ outbreak is different. It can spread from person to person among people who have not had any contact with pigs.

Person to Person??

• This virus can survive for hours on surfaces.

– Upto 48hrs on hard non porous surfaces like stainless steel.

– 12 hrs on cloth and tissues.

• Few min on your hand. So??

contd

• Spread primarily through respiratory droplets.

1. Coughing

2. Sneezing

3. Touching with contaminated hands.

Risk?

• Pregnant women – six times more likely than non pregnant women.

• Young children – under 2 yrs.

• Lung diseases – COPD.

• Asthma.

• Immune Suppression – HIV, Ca therapy.

• Liver, kidney, neurologic problems.

Medical Emergency - Adult

• Breathing difficulty.

• Chest pain

• Sudden dizziness

• Confusion

• Severe vomiting

• Confusion

Medical Emergency - Children

• Fast breathing

• Bluish or grey skin

• Not drinking fluids

• Not waking up

• Severe vomiting

• Fever with rash

Diagnosis

Cost??

Categories

Treatment

• Tamiflu or Relenza

• These antiviral drugs are most effective when

taken within 48 hours of the start of flu

symptoms.

• It's resistant to older flu drugs.

Not everyone needs treatment with these anti-

flu drugs. Most people who come down with

H1N1 swine flu recover fully -- without

antiviral treatment

• H1N1 Does not spread by eating pork.

Will Mask Help??

Vaccine

Clinical tests show the 2009 H1N1 vaccine worksremarkably well.

• People ages 10 and older need only one dose ofthe vaccine. Protection begins about eight daysafter vaccination.

• Kids under age 10 will need two vaccinations,given three weeks apart.

• The vaccine is highly effective -- and, accordingto early results from clinical trials, very safe -- inpregnant women