h1 week 5 1701
TRANSCRIPT
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Intervals
Week 5
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Learning Outcomes
• Know the basic rules for determining major, minor, perfect, augmented, diminished, double augmented and double diminished intervals
• Understand and recognize compound intervals• Be able to invert intervals and analyze interval
inversions
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Harmony Worksheets
• 9• 10• 11a• 11b
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Intervals
• We need a method of identifying the relationship between any two notes
• We can show the distance or interval from one note to another
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• Count each possible staff degree between the two notes to find the number the top pitch represents
• See Ex. 1 p. 16
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Intervals in a Major Scale
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• The perfect intervals are unison, 4th, 5th, octave
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• If a major interval is made smaller by a half step the major interval becomes minor
• The major/minor intervals are 2nds, 3rds, 6ths, and 7ths.
• Intervals may occur as harmonic or melodic intervals
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• When a minor or perfect interval is made smaller by a half step, it becomes diminished
• Major and perfect intervals made larger by a half step are called augmented intervals
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• Diminished intervals made smaller than an additional half step become double diminished.
• Augmented intervals made larger by additional half step become double augmented
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Summary
• 2nds, 3rds, 6ths and 7ths are major intervals• Unisons, 4ths, 5ths and octaves are perfect
intervals• Major intervals made smaller by a half step
become minor• Major intervals made smaller by 2 half steps
become diminished
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• Perfect intervals made smaller by a half step become diminished
• Perfect intervals made smaller by 2 half steps become double diminished
• Major or perfect intervals made larger by a half step are augmented
• Major or perfect intervals made larger by 2 half steps are double augmented
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Worksheet Time!
• Complete Exercise 2 and 3 on Worksheet 9• Complete Exercise 9a on Worksheet 9• Complete Exercise 10a on Worksheet 9
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Compound Intervals
• Intervals greater than an octave are compound intervals
• All compound intervals are a combination of a perfect octave plus an additional intervals
• They are often analyzed as the actual number of steps or as a simple interval.
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Compound Intervals
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Worksheet Time
• Complete the first part of Exercise 1a on Worksheet 10
• Complete Exercise 2a on Worksheet 10
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Inversion of Intervals
• Intervals describe the distance between two notes.
• The notes involved can appear to sound two ways:
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• When an interval is inverted, the note names involved are still the same
• The intervallic relationship follows a pattern• Here are some simple rules for inversion:
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• 9 minus the number of the interval equals the inversion interval
• EG 9 – 2(nd) = 7(th) • 9 – 7(th) = 2(nd)
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• Major intervals inverted become minor• See Ex.3 p.20
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• Minor intervals inverted become major• See Ex. 4 p. 20
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• Perfect intervals remain perfect• See Ex1 p.21
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• Augmented intervals become diminished• See Ex 2 p.21
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• Diminished intervals become augmented• See Ex. 3 p.21
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• Double diminished intervals become double augmented
• See Ex. 4 p. 21
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• Double augmented intervals become double diminished
• See Ex.5 p.21
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• In order to produced an inversion of an intervals, the bottom pitch must be raised one octave or the top pitch must be lowered one octave
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The Tritone interval
• The tritone interval is an interval of an augmented 4th (3 whole steps)
• Unlike any other interval, when a tritone is inverted, it becomes a diminished 5th, but remains a tritone (3 whole steps)
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Compound Interval Inversion
• We can invert compound intervals in two ways:
• 1) move the lowest pitch up and octave, or the higher pitch down an octave
• 2) reverse the position of the high/low notes
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Worksheet Time!
• Complete Exercise 1-4 on Worksheet 11