H11ong Dan Dieu Tra Ngoai Nghiip Linh Truong

• •

Primate Field Guide LANGURS • MACAQUES • LORISES • GIBBONS

FAUNA & FLORA INTERNATIONAL - INDOCHINA PROGRAMME THE CANADIAN EMBASSY - HANOI

WALT DISNEY FOUNDATION - USA ENDANGERED PRIMATE RESCUE CENTER - VIETNAM

MARO - FOREST PROTECTION DEPARTMENT OF VIETNAM

Citation: Baker, L.R.; Nadler, T. & Geissmann, T. (2000): Viet Nam – Primate Field Guide. Fauna & Flora Interna-tional, Indochina Pro-gramme, Hanoi. 8 pp. (English and Vietnamese text).

Cu6n hlfong dan ngoc;ii nghi$p nay la mot tai li$u Ira c(lu nhanh khcii quat ve linh trucrng Vi$1 Nam. Hi$n nay c6 b6n loai linh trucrng duqc phcit hi$n la chi c6 a Vi$1 Nam d6 la: Cha va chan xam, Vo0c quan dui trang, Vooc dau vang va Vooc mui hech. Hau het cac loai linh trucrng a Viet Nam deu trong tinh trc;ing Nguy Cap do s(lc ep cua San ban, bu6n ban d(>ng V�I hoang da va Slf mat dan sinh canh cua chung. Tat ea cac loai linh trl!crng Vi$t Nam deu dl!crc lu�t phcip bao v$ - aieu a6 c6 nghia la kh6ng mc?t loai linh tntcmg nao c6 the b! Mn giet, mua ban ho�c nuoi giir Tat eel nhirng vi�c lam a6 aeu Ja phqm phap!

Hau het cac loai linh twang deu s6ng thanh tllng nh6m gia dinh trong moi trl!ong hoang da. Moi nh6m thuong c6 mot hai con dlfc, may con cai, cac con non va con nh6. Nhlrng con vo0c con (kh6ng ke loai Vooc va va Vooc mui hech) khi moi sinh ra long chung deu c6 mau da cam nhat va ngay trong nam dau long cua chung chuyen dan c6 mau gi6ng nhcrng con trucrng thanh. Cac loai vuqn thuong s6ng theo che d9 m(>t vq m(>t ch6ng. Trang don v! s6ng gia dinh cua chung thl!ong thay mot con dlfc, m(>t con cai trl!crng thanh va cac the he con chciu cua chllng. Cac con wqn den khi sinh ra c6 mau vang. Tl!ong phan voi rat nhieu loai linh trucrng khac, culi thuong di kiem th(lc an don le.

T rong khi cac loai vooc duoc coi la loai linh trlJcrng du6i dai, thi culi lc;ii c6 du6i rat ngan, va Vl!<Jn thi kh6ng c6 du6i.

Kev to svmbols

* Chi ra rang trong

moi trl!C1ng hoang

da, loili nay chi c6

iJ Vi�t Nam

Indicates that

in the wild, the

species occurs

only in Vietnam

This field guide is a quick-reference overview of the primates of Vietnam. There are four primate species found only in Vietnam: the Delacour's langur, Grey-shanked douc langur, Golden-headed langur, and Tonkin snub-nosed monkey (a Vietnam flag appears next to these species' photos to indicate that they occur only in Vietnam).

Most primates in Vietnam are ENDANGERED

due to heavy hunting pressure, the trade in wildlife, and habitat loss. All primates are fully protected by Vietnamese law- meaning no primate can be hunted, sold, traded, or kept as a pet. Such activity is illegal!

Nearly all primates live in family groups in the wild. These groups consist of one adult male or a few adult males, some adult females, juveniles, and infants. Infant langurs (excluding the douc and snub-nosed langurs) are born bright orange-yellow and gradually change to their adult color during their first year. Gibbons are usually found in monogamous family units consisting of an adult male, adult female, and their offspring. Infant gibbons are born yellow. In contrast to many other primates, lorises are often solitary when foraging for food.

While langurs are known for their long tails, lorises have very short tails, and gibbons do not have tails. Macaques' tails range from very short to very long.

Mo ta phan bo

cua cac loil i d

Vi�t Nam

Shows the

distribution

of the species

in Vietnam

Scientific advisors: Tito Nadler (EPRC), Thomas Geissmann: Design & text: Lynne R. Baker Cover photos: Tilo Nadler (5), Noel Rowe (4). Thomas Geissmann (1). Map design: Mai Ky Vinh References: The Pictonal Gulde to Uvtng Prima1es {Rowe. 1996): Primate Conservation Status Aevlew of the Langu1s & Gibbons ol Vielnam (FFI. 2000): Asian Prima1e Conseiva1ion: The Species & lhe IUCN/SSC Primate Spooahst Group Nelw01k (Eudey. 1996/: 01s1ributioo and Slatus of Vielnamese Primales: Paperori the W0tkshop on a Conservation Action Plan for the Primates of Vietnam (Pham Nhatet al .. 1998). Pnmate Field Guide is published by FFI and funded by the Canadian Embassy-Hanoi. with additional financial suppon from the Walt Oisney Foundation

Vo9c va la loai khi Ion an la cay dl!c;lC tim thay a E>Ong Dvang (Vi�t Nam, Lao va Cam pu chia). Chung ho<;it d�ng vao ban ngay, Vo9c va chu y�u an la cay va n�u chUng bu�c phai an cac lo<;ii thuc an khac nhlf h<;it va qua chung s� bi 6m rat n�ng.

Chung chu y�u s6ng va sinh ho<;it a tn�n cay.

Douc langurs are large leaf-eating monkeys found only in Indochina (Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia). Active during the day, douc langurs eat predominantly leaves and can become extremely ill if they ingest other types of food, such as nuts and fruits. Douc langurs spend most of their time in the trees.

Cha Va Chin Den Black-Shanked Douc Langur Pygathrix n;gripes

fJ�c d16m nhan b1lt Lung c6 mAu sAm. phAn than phia truO<: va tay co mAu xam bac, chan c6 mAu den, mat c6 mAu xanh va xung quanh mAt c6 v16n tron mAu kem,

tran co mAu xflm den, du01 trAng Key features· Dark back and white-grey underparts and arms: black legs; blue face with cream around eyes: forehead 1s black: white tail

Sich Oo IUCN/IUCN Red List: Ng,y Cap ENDANGERED Tlnh t�ng iJ Vitt NamNletn1m Status: Nguy �pi ENOMGERED

Chil va Chin xam Grey-Shanked Douc Langur a Pygathrix cinerea

fJ�c d1im nMn bill Lung. tay va chan mAu xam, phAn than ph1a truClc c6 mAu xam nhat. mat c6 mAu kem xung quanh m6m c6 vi6n mAu trAng, c6 ·rau·

cam ngAn mAu trAng, tran c6 mAu xam. du01 trAng Key features Grey back. arms, and legs, white-grey underparts. cream face with white around mouth; short white ·whiskers·. forehead 1s grey; white la1I

Sich 00 IUCN/IUCN Red list: KhOng CO S6 L�u!None Tlnh trfng iJ Vl+t NamNletnam Status:

Th16u $6 L1eu1Data Deficient

Cha Va Chin Niu Red-Shanked Douc Langur Pygathnx nemaeus

Dae diem nh�n b1lt. Lung va phia truoc mAu xam, phAn tren cua chan c6 mAu den, phAn duOI cua chan mAu do phAn duOi cua tay mAu trAng, mat c6 mAu kem xung quanh m6m c6 v16n mAu trAng c6 ·rau· cam dtu mAu trAng, triln c6 mAu xam den du01 trAng Key features Grey back and underparts black upper leg red lower leg, white lower arms, cream face with white around mouth, long while ·whiskers· forehead 1s grey-black. white tail

Sich 00 IUCNllUCN Red list: Nguy Cap ENDANGERED Tlnh trfng iJ Vitt NamNletnam Status: Nguy C§pl ENDANGERED

C6 nhi�u loai khl an la - gqi la vo9c -dllqc lim thay a Vi�t Nam. Cu�c s6ng

Several different leaf-eating monkeys -called langurs - can be found in Vietnam.

hoang da Cua chUng d�U b! de d9a va Chung d�u dll<:JC COi la nh(lng loai nguy cap ho�c bi de d9a. ChUng ho�t d�ng vao ban ngay, cac loai vo9c chu y�u an la cay va n�u chung bu�c phai an cac lo�i thuc an khac nhll h�t va qua chung se bi 6m rat n�ng. Vo9c la loai linh trl!ong tru ng\I a tren cay va rat hi�m khi Chung xu6ng dl!Cri m�t dat.

All species are at risk in the wild and are considered endangered or threatened. Active during the day, langurs eat predominantly leaves and can become extremely ill if they ingest other types of food, such as certain types of fruit. Langurs are tree-dwellers and rarely come down to the ground.

a Voc;>c O'u Ying Golden-Headed Langur Trachypithecus poliocephalus

D�c d1'm nh'n b1lt· LOng cO mAu den, dAu va ha1 va1 cO mAu vang­trAng ha1 Mn hOng nhOng con trvang thanh IOng cO !Mu bac, <luOi da1 Key features Black body with golden­yellow head and shoulders adults have silver hips, long tail

Sich Oo IUCN/ IUCN Red List: Nguy Cap ENDANGERED Tinh tr,ng iJ Vl+t NamNletnam Status: Cui " N ;Jy , ap CRITICALLY ENDANGERED

All pholos lhis page: Tllo Nadler

a Voc;>c M6ng Tring Delacour's Langur Trachypithecus delacouri

E>6c d1'm nh'n bill LOng dAy mAu den cO mOng va phAn du1 trAn cO mAu trAng va phAn du1 duOI cO mAu <len: du01 da1 Key features· Thick black hair with white hips and lower back. long tall

Sich oo IUCNnUCN Red List: Cur K Nguy Capi CRITICALLY ENDANGERED Tinh tr,ng o Vl+t NamNletnam Status: C Jc K NQY) C Jp CR T'CALLY ENDANGERED

Voc;>c Mlii Hech Tonkin Snub-Nosed Monkey .... Rhinop1thecus avuncu/us .. E>llc d1lm nMn bill LOng cO mAu slm trAn lung ha1 lay va duOi, pMn IOng bung va ch6m <!Au cO !Mu nhat han; Mat cO mAu xanh, m6m do h6ng <lu01 da1 Key features Dark-colored back, arms, and tail, whitish underparts and top of head. blue face: pink mouth; long tail

Sich Oo IUCN/IUCN Red List: Cuc K1 Nguy CapiCRITICALL y ENDANGERED Tinh tr,ng o Vl•t NamNletnam Status: Cuc K1 Nguy C�� CRIT1Cf\L, Y ENDANGERED

V09c Mao Silvered Langur Trachypilhecus cnstatus

EJ�c diem nh�n bi6t LOng mau xam-hung o cac llau nh9n cua sm IOng co mau bac: mill c6 mau xanh­xam, chiim dau c6 mao; duOi da1, con non co mau vang da cam Key features. Brown.grey hair w11h silver tips; blue.grey face; crest on head;

long tail; infants are orange

Sach Oo IUCN/IUCN Red list: 11 Nguy ciptLower Risk Tinh tr�ng iJ Vi+t Nam/ Vietnam Status: Se Nguy CapNulnerable

V09t Xam

VoQc Den Ma Trang Francois' Langur Trachypithecus francoisi

EJqc diem nMn Mt. Long c6 mau den; c6 mang IOng trang kilo da1 tu khoe m1eng sang ha1 ben ta1, chiim dAu c6 mao, duOt da1. con non c6 mau vang da cam Key features.· Black hair w11h while from comer of moulh to ear. crest on head: long tail, infants are orange

Sich Do IUCNnUCN Red list: Se Nguy CapNulnerable Tinh �ng iJ Vi+t Nam/Vietnam Status: Nguy Gao/ENDANGERED

Phayre's Langur Trachypithecus phayrei

EJ�c d16m nMn Mt LOng mau xam-bac-hung; quanh mat va m6m co quang da. chiim dau c6 mao: duOt da1 con non c6 mau vang Key features. Grey-silver-brown hair; white patch around eyes and mouth, crest on head; long tail infants are yellow

Dlslrlbutlon In Vietnam

Voqr. Mao• Silvered Langur

Voqr. Den Ma Tr6ng • Francois' Langur Vooc xam

Phayre's Langur •

Voqr. Ha Tinh Sach Oo IUCN/IUCN Red List: Hatinh Langur •

Thu�u S6 Lieu/Data Deficient Tinh tr�ng iJ Vi+t Nam/ Vietnam Status:

Voqr. Oen Tuy6n Black Langur

Se Nguy CapNulnerable

V09c Ha Tinh (VOQC Gay Tr!ng) Hatinh Langur T rachyptthecus /aotum ha/inhensis

EJ�c dilm nh�n b1et. LOng co mau den; c6 ha1 dai IOng trang keo da1 tu khoe m1&ng 1en quanh ha1 ta1 xu6ng phan gay; ch6m dau co mao; du01 dai: con non c6 mAu vang da cam Key features· Black hair with while from corner of mouth, around ear, to base or neck; crest on head; long tail. infants are orange

Sach Do IUCN/lUCN Red List: Thufo S6 Lieu/Data Deficient Tinh tr�ng iJ Vi•t NamNletnam Status: Nguy Cap/ENDANGERED

VoQC Den Tuyen Black Langur Trachypithecus laotum ebenus

EJ�c d16m nh�n b1et. LOng c6 mau den; vung ea quan sinh due c:Ua con cai cO mAu trang, ch0m dAu co mao. duo1 da1. con non c6 mAu vang da cam Key features Black. females have white gem ta I area: crest on head. long tail infants are Ofange

Sach Do IUCN/IUCN Red List: KhOng CO S6 L1eu1None Tinh tr�ng iJ Vi+t Nam/ Vietnam Status: Th1eu S6 L1�u/Data Defic ient

Alt photos th/S page: Tito Nadlet. U1116ss noted othelWisa

Khi la loai linh tn1<'mg co m�t ph6 bien nhat a Vi$t Nam. Khi ho�t d�ng vao ban ngay. Chung ho�t d�ng ea a tr�n cay Ian tr�n m�t dat. Thuc an cua khi rat phong phu da d�ng v� Chung lo�i. Chung an ea con trung, sau b9, ea trai cay, cac h�t. qua, VO than cay

Macaques are the most common and widespread primates found in Vietnam and all of Southeast Asia. Macaques are active during the day. They spend time both in the trees and on the ground. Macaques feed on a wide of variety of foods, such as insects, fruits, nuts, seeds, bark, and leaves. va la cay.

Khi M6c Assamese Macaque Macaca assamensis

EJ�c d1im nh�n Mt E>u01 da1 =140-460mm, !Ong cO mau vang. xam hoac nau vang, cO th� cO bO IOng �m g16ng nhll ·rau'; cO vAng sAm va

d6m bao quanh mat Key features. Tail length = 140-460mm: yellow. grey, or brown hair, may have a facial •beard'; eyes may have dark circles and spots around them

SKh 00 IUCN/IUCN Red List: � Nguy CAp/Vulnerable Tinh tr,ng iJ Vitt NamNietnam Status: SA Nguy CApNulnerable

EJ�c 1Mm nh�n biet E>uOi da1 = 189· 305mm; IOng mau vang, xam hoac nau

vang, mat thllang cO mAu do, hOng va mOng cO mau hung do

Key features· Tail length= 189-305mm; yellow, grey or brown hair; face 1s often red; reddish hip and rump

Sach Oo IUCN/IUCN Red List: it Nguy C5pllower Risk

Tinh tr,ng a Vl+t NamNietnam Status: ft Nguy C5p/Lower Risk

KhiM�t Oo Stump-Tailed Macaque Macaca arctoides

f)�c d1ein nhiln b1et. E>u01 da1 = 4-69mm; IOng mau nau xAm. mat do xAm con non mm de cO rong mau trang Key features. Tat! length = 4-69mm;

=:.-==;,,-- dark brown hair; red-black face, infants are born white

Sich 06 IUCN/IUCN Red List: SA Nguy C5p/ Vulnerable

�� ;;.._\ .. · .. � �� . Tinh tr,ng iJ Vitt NamNietnam Status: SA Nguy CApNulnerable

All pholos lhis page: Noel Rowe. vnless noted otherwise

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Culi c6 tarn v6c be nho, la loai linh tru6ng di chuy�n ch�m ch�p. tru ng� a tn!!n cay va thuc an chu y�u la cac loai con !rung, va hoa qua. Culi ho�t dQng vao ban d�m. ban ngay thl cu(in mlnh tron nhu qua b6ng d� ngu. Vi�t Nam c6 hai loai culi d6 la: Culi Lan va Culi Nho.

Cull Nho Pygmy Loris Nyct1cebus pygrnaeus

Lorises are small, slow-moving, and tree­dwelling primates that feed on mainly insects and fruit. Lorises are active at night and sleep rolled up in a ball during the day. Two species of loris are found in Vietnam: the Slow loris and the Pygmy loris.

Culi Ldn

Die diim nh'n Die dilm b16t DAu & than nhln b16t da1 = 210-290mm, DAu & than long muat. mAu dai = 265-nau-da cam: c0 380mm. !Ong

da1 !Ong mAu nhat dAy, mAu hoac sAm trtm nau-xam-�c: c6 da1 !Ong mAu sAm ci tn�n hmg

lung (Cu/1 Nh6 kh1 cht/8 tlllcing thtinh Key features· Head & body length = 265-380mm: kh6ng co d81 m6u tr�n /ting) thick, brown-grey-while hair dark dorsal stnpe Key features Head & body length = 210-290nm fine. brown-orange hair, Sich Oo IUCN/IUCN Red List: fa nt 0< dark dorsal stnpe (Young P)'gmy looses have no dorsal stnpe)

Se Nguy C�pNulnerable Tlnh tr.ng ii Vitt NamNietnam Status: Sich Oo IUCN/lUCN Red List: Se Nguy C�pNulnerable

Tinh tr,ng ii Vi•t NamNietnam Status: Se Nguy C�pNulnerable Se Nguy C�pNulnerable

-

leon<•a

Khi Ouoi Lqn Northern Pig-Tailed Macaque Macaca leonina

Die d1lm nhln Mt Du01 da1 = 130-253mm; du01 thon da1 va c61t hoac khOng c6 I Ong, dinh dAu det. !Ong mAu vang nhat-nau Key features Tai length= 130-253mm, tai IS slender with httle

Sich Oo IUCN/ IUCN Red List: Se Nguy C�pNulnerable Tinh tr,ng a Vitt Nam/ Vietnam Status: Se Nguy C�pNulnerable

Khi Ouoi Dai Long-Tailed Macaque Macaca fascicularis

DIC 1Jilm nhln Wt M da1 =

400-655mm: IOog c6 tM c6 mAu xam � nau oo, µMn nlia phia tMX cUa than c6 mAu nhal tim. mat c0 rau quat n6n. c6 na

ooac c6 rau c6m Key features· Tail length =

400-655mm, hair 1s grey to reddish brown; light underparts; whiskers. moustache. or beard on face: infants are born black

Sich Oo IUCN/lUCN Red List: ii Nguy C�p/Lower Risk Tlnh tr.ng a Vitt Nim/ Vietnam Status: II Nguy C�p/ Lower Risk

Vllqn ho<;it d�ng vao ban ngay, chung la loai Active during the day, gibbons are very vocal apes. They are known for their "singing," which can usually be heard in the early mornings. Gibbons have very long arms and move by swinging under branches. They rarely come down to the ground, preferring life in the trees. Gibbons feed mainly on fruit, leaves, flowers, and shoots.

c6 am thanh rat t6t. Chung dllqc phat hi�n qua nhOng am thanh gqi bay va ea hat cua chung, d�c bi�t la vao nhOng bu6i sang som. Vl!qn c6 canh lay rat dai va di chuy�n dung dl!a giOa cac canh cay. Chung rat hiem khi xu6ng m�t dat va rat l!a thich s6ng tn�n cay. ThUc an chU yeu Cua Vllqn la la, hoa, lrai cay Va mang Ire nlta.

VlfC111 Oen Black Crested Gibbon Nomascus conco/or

Dile d1im nh�n b16t Toan than mAu den con ca1 tnt<ing thanh c6 th� CO mAu IOng hi xam. vang hoac nau vang, con non co mAu vang khOng c6 du01 tay rlit dc\1 Key features. Al black adlit females Wl'f from ye/Im! to

beige to orange-yellow and usualy have dark ha1' on the chest or belly (inset shows pelage ol a<Ut female). 11fants are yet/!oN no ta4 long arms

5ach 00 IUCN/IUCN Red list; N�"f Cap/ENDANGERED Tinh trang o Vitt NamNletnam Status: Cl/CK Ng., Ca: CRITICAll > EN::iAtdERED

VlfC111 Oen Ma Ving Yellow-Cheeked Crested Gibbon Nomascus gabnellae

D�c d1im nh�n b1et Than co mAu den vOi hat ma CO mAu d6-vang, con cai In.rang thanh va con non co long mAu vang

khOng c6 du01, ha1 lay rlit da1 Key features Black with reddish-yellow cheeks, adult females and infants are yellow (inset shows pelage of adult female) no tail long arms

Sich Oo IUCN/IUCN Red list: Th1�u S6 L1&ulData Deficient Tinh trfng o Vitt NamNietnam Status: Nguy ClipfENDANGERED

'--�-=�����

VlfC111 Oen Ma Trang White-Cheeked Crested Gibbon Nomascus Jeucogenys

Dile d1im nh�n b16t Ma c6 IOng mAu <Jen hoilc trang, con ca1 In.rang lhanh va con non c6 IOng mAu vang, khOng c6 du01 tay r�t d.'11 Key features Black with white cheeks. adult females and infants are yellow (inset shows pelage of adult

female). no tail. long arms

Sich 06 IUCN/IUCN Red List: Th16u S6 L1&ulData Deficient Tlnh trfng o Vitt NamNietnam Status: Nguy Clip/ ENDANGERED