han, qin and tang tomb art

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Han, Qin & Tang Dynasty Tomb Art

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Han, Qin and Tang Tomb art is of different art symbols and figurines that Chinese Dynasty used for their loved ones when they were buried.

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Page 1: Han, Qin and Tang Tomb art

Han, Qin & Tang Dynasty Tomb Art

Page 2: Han, Qin and Tang Tomb art

Han Dynasty (Golden Age)  漢朝  

Han  Dynasty  which  is  apart  of  China  was  considered  to  be  the  “golden  age”,  it  was  separated  into  two  sec:on  the  Western  Han  Dynasty  (206  BC  –  9  AD)  and  the  Eastern  Han  Dynasty  (25–220  AD).    Families  throughout  China  made  ritual  sacrifices  of  animals  and  food  to  spirits  and  ancestors  at  temples.  They  believed  that  each  person  had  a  two-­‐part  soul  and  in  the  aOer-­‐life  they  felt  that  these  things  would  be  used  in  the  spiritual  realm.        

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This  Hun  ping,  or  funerary  urn,  is  a  ceramic  “soul  jar”  or  “soul  vase”,  found  in  the  tombs  of  the  Western  Dynasty.  It’s  not  your  typical  jar  that  carries  ashes  of  the  deceased,  but  a  jar  that  contains  some  sort  of  fruits,  that  is  then  buried  with  the  dead  so  that  they  may  enjoy  them  in  the  aOerlife.  The  beau:ful  house-­‐like  structure  was  designed  to  show  the  daily  life  at  this  :me  along  with  figurines  of  people.  

Hun Ping (Spirit Jar) 魂瓶  

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The  spirit  jars  did  not  have  lids  to  them,  but  had  decora:ve  trimmings  on  top  with  four  entrance  doorway  openings,  such  as  these  jars.  They  were  then  placed  next  to  the  tomb  so  that  the  

soul  of  the  dead  would  have  a  place  to  exist.  

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Chimeras Chimeras  were  imaginary  creatures  that  didn’t  exist,  but  were  on  the  outsides  of  burial  tombs.  Chinese  families  built  mounds  over  the  tombs  of  their  loved  ones  so  that  they  could  leave  them  offerings.  They  believed  that  the  deceased  had  a  major  influence  over  their  wealth  and  also  their  happiness.  There  was  a  path  called  the  spirit  path  leading  to  the  tombs  and  on  opposite  sides  of  the  path  and  facing  each  

other  were  chimeras.  

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Qin  Shi  Huang  (pronounced  “chin”)  named  himself  “The  First  Emperor”,  of  the  Chinese  State  of  Qin  from  221  BCE  –  210  BCE.  He  is  known  for  building  the  Great  Wall  of  China  by  uni:ng  other  defensive  walls  to  it.        

Qin Dynasty

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Qin  Shi  Huang  was  buried  with  over  8,000  life-­‐size  terraco]a  soldier  figures,  that  were  lined  up  and  down  aisles  guarding  his  tomb.  Each  figure  had  its  own  unique  facial  expression  and  was  lined  up  in  ranking  order.  The  soldiers  were  found  with  patches  of  brightly  colored  paint,  sugges:ng  that  their  clothing  was  painted  when  first  rendered.  Along  with  the  soldiers  were  130  chariots,  520  horses  and  150  cavalry  horses.            

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Tang Dynasty The  Tang  Dynasty  (618  –  907  CE)  was  the  most  flourishing  dynasty  out  of  the  three  dynas:es  that  I  have  spoken  about  in  China.  Chinese  ci:zens  grew  and  produced  brilliant  pieces  in  both  arts  and  works  making  this  era  succeed  financially.  The  military  was  a  big  influence  and  expanded  the  Tang  Dynasty  territory,  which  brought  more  trading  and  along  with  gaining  different  religions  and  clothing  was  interna:onal  sports.  

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   These  figurines  seen  striking  a  pose  are  of  guardian  warriors  they  would  be  seen  next  to  a  tomb.  Since  the  Chinese  believed  that  there  was  a  con:nua:on  to  life  aOer  death,  they  made  sure  that  they  had  everything  they  needed,  especially  something  that  showed    off  their  wealth.  The  army  was  a  major  part  of  the  Tang  Dynasty  and  figures,  such  as  these  army  warriors  were  apart  of  the  tomb  art.      

Guardian Warriors

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Pair of Lokapala These  pair  of  Lokapala’s  were  two  of    four  guardians  that  you  would  see  over  a  tomb.  They  watched  over  the  four  direc:ons  and  were  made  to  have  piercing  facial  expression  as  well  as  having  a  strong  body  stance;  they  stand  tall  and  well  balanced  wai:ng  to  protect  evil.  The  figure  on  the  leO  is  standing  victoriously  on  a  small  human  figure  resembling  that  he  has  conquered  their  a]empt  to  enter  the  tombs  space.  The  figurine  on  the  leO  is  also  successful  at  doing  the  same  thing  but  he  has  proudly  conquered  a  bull.  Their  headdress  are  of  a  phoenix  who  was  killed  in  a  fire,  but  then  rose  from  ashes  to  live  again.    

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References

Zhizhu. Qin Shu = Qin Dynasty. Taibei Shi: Da Qi Chu Ban She, 2011.    Man,  John.  The  Terra  Co)a  Army:  China's  First  Emperor  and  the  Birth  of  a  Na:on.  Cambridge,  MA:  Da  Capo,  2008.      "Tang-­‐dynasty  Tomb  Sculptures  Strike  A  pose."  Buddhist  Art  News.  Web.  Nov.2013.    “Spirit  Jar.”  Arts  Connected.  Web.  Nov.  2013.    “Han  Dynasty.”  Metmuseum.  Web  Nov.  2013