hand & portable powered tools. injuries caused by hand & portable powered tools v serious...

Hand & Portable Hand & Portable Powered ToolsPowered Tools

Injuries caused by hand & Injuries caused by hand & portable powered toolsportable powered tools

Serious eye injuries can result if Serious eye injuries can result if materials shatter while usingmaterials shatter while using• hammershammers• malletsmallets• powered impact powered impact

toolstools

1a


Chiseling, filing, grinding, sawing Chiseling, filing, grinding, sawing generates chips that can get in generates chips that can get in your eyesyour eyes

If you’re looking up to If you’re looking up to work overhead, any work overhead, any type of tool use could type of tool use could cause dust or debris to cause dust or debris to fall into your eyesfall into your eyes

1b


Other serious injuries can result if Other serious injuries can result if the wrong type of tool is usedthe wrong type of tool is used

Tool use in areas where there may Tool use in areas where there may be a flammable atmosphere be a flammable atmosphere requires requires the use ofthe use of• non-sparking hand toolsnon-sparking hand tools• specially rated electric specially rated electric

power toolspower tools

1c

Tool quality and designTool quality and design

Tools made from good quality, Tools made from good quality, durable materials will help avoid durable materials will help avoid injuries caused by tools breaking injuries caused by tools breaking or slippingor slipping

2a


Metal tool parts should be strong Metal tool parts should be strong enough to resist:enough to resist:• bendingbending• crackingcracking• chippingchipping• excessive wear from excessive wear from

normal usenormal use

2b


Handles should be shaped to Handles should be shaped to comfortably fit the handcomfortably fit the hand

Non-sparking hand tools are made Non-sparking hand tools are made of non-ferrous alloys to reduce the of non-ferrous alloys to reduce the likelihood likelihood that they will cause that they will cause a sparka spark

2c


Always use the appropriate blades, Always use the appropriate blades, bits, fasteners with powered toolsbits, fasteners with powered tools

Tools work best when you can Tools work best when you can easily hold, move, easily hold, move, and use the tooland use the tool

2d


Avoid using tools that are too Avoid using tools that are too heavy or large for you to controlheavy or large for you to control

2e

Job set-upJob set-up

You want to easily reach your work You want to easily reach your work without:without:• straining musclesstraining muscles• applying force in applying force in

awkward positionsawkward positions• bending, twistingbending, twisting• overextending your overextending your

reachreach

3a

Job set-upJob set-up

Use a vise, clamps, or other means Use a vise, clamps, or other means to secure the parts that you are to secure the parts that you are working onworking on

While using the tool, While using the tool, take care that any take care that any chips or debris will chips or debris will be directed away from yourself be directed away from yourself and othersand others

3b

Protective equipmentProtective equipment

Using personal protective Using personal protective equipment (PPE) should become a equipment (PPE) should become a habithabit

Wear eye protection if there is a Wear eye protection if there is a chance that chips, chance that chips, splashes, sparks, splashes, sparks, dust, or debris could dust, or debris could get into your eyesget into your eyes

4a


Some examples of jobs where eye Some examples of jobs where eye protection should be worn include protection should be worn include using:using:• hammershammers• malletsmallets• chiselschisels• punchespunches• bolt cuttersbolt cutters

4b


Some examples of jobs where eye Some examples of jobs where eye protection should be worn include protection should be worn include using:using:• staple gunsstaple guns• drillsdrills• abrasive wheelsabrasive wheels• sawssaws• any other tool that any other tool that

could create chips, could create chips, pieces, or splashespieces, or splashes

4c


Eye protection is required when Eye protection is required when using explosive actuated toolsusing explosive actuated tools

You can protect yourself from cuts You can protect yourself from cuts while handling while handling knives by wearing knives by wearing cut-resistant glovescut-resistant gloves

4d


Another type of protective glove is Another type of protective glove is made with a material that absorbs made with a material that absorbs vibration and the shock of impactsvibration and the shock of impacts

Ear protection may be Ear protection may be in order when using in order when using powered toolspowered tools

4e


Tool use may require the use of a Tool use may require the use of a respiratorrespirator

4f

Tool inspectionTool inspection

Tools should be inspected before Tools should be inspected before and after each useand after each use

5a


Some signs of damage and wear to Some signs of damage and wear to look for include:look for include:

Cracked or loose handles, casings, Cracked or loose handles, casings, or guardsor guards

Bent shafts or Bent shafts or spindlesspindles

Worn, cut, brittle, Worn, cut, brittle, or frayed cords and hosesor frayed cords and hoses

5b


Loose or leaking fittingsLoose or leaking fittings

Dull, rounded, or Dull, rounded, or chipped cutting chipped cutting surfacessurfaces

5c


Gouges or scrapes on gripping Gouges or scrapes on gripping surfacessurfaces

Mushroomed Mushroomed striking surfacesstriking surfaces

5d

Tool maintenance and Tool maintenance and repairrepair

Portable tools should be kept cleanPortable tools should be kept clean

Maintain and repair tools before Maintain and repair tools before it’s too lateit’s too late

Sharpen cutting edges regularlySharpen cutting edges regularly

6a


Follow a schedule to make sure Follow a schedule to make sure tools get lubricatedtools get lubricated

To prevent rust, lightly oil tools To prevent rust, lightly oil tools before putting them awaybefore putting them away

Take damaged tools out of service Take damaged tools out of service immediatelyimmediately

6b


Only authorized employees should Only authorized employees should be allowed to repair toolsbe allowed to repair tools

Some types of tools must meet the Some types of tools must meet the manufacturer’s specifications after manufacturer’s specifications after they’ve been repairedthey’ve been repaired

6c


All repaired tools should be All repaired tools should be thoroughly inspected before they thoroughly inspected before they are put back into useare put back into use

Discard damaged tools that cannot Discard damaged tools that cannot be repairedbe repaired

Use tool boxes or tool chests to Use tool boxes or tool chests to keep tools organizedkeep tools organized

6d

Using different types of Using different types of hand toolshand tools

Hand tools are non-poweredHand tools are non-powered

7a


The greatest hazards posed by hand The greatest hazards posed by hand tools result from misuse and tools result from misuse and improper maintenance:improper maintenance:

Using a screwdriver as a chisel Using a screwdriver as a chisel may cause the tip of the may cause the tip of the screwdriver to break and fly, screwdriver to break and fly, hitting the user or other employeeshitting the user or other employees

7b


If a wooden handle on a tool is If a wooden handle on a tool is loose, splintered, or cracked, the loose, splintered, or cracked, the head of the tool may fly off and head of the tool may fly off and strike the user or another workerstrike the user or another worker

A wrench might slip if its jaws are A wrench might slip if its jaws are sprungsprung

7c


Impact tools such as chisels, Impact tools such as chisels, wedges, or drift pins are unsafe if wedges, or drift pins are unsafe if they have mushroomed headsthey have mushroomed heads

7d


Types of hand tools include the Types of hand tools include the following:following:• Hammers and Hammers and

MalletsMallets• PliersPliers• CuttersCutters• WrenchesWrenches

7e

• Wood sawsWood saws• Hack sawsHack saws• KnivesKnives• ScrewdriversScrewdrivers

Precautions for power tool Precautions for power tool useuse

Power tools can be hazardous Power tools can be hazardous when improperly usedwhen improperly used

8a


There are several types of power There are several types of power tools, based on the power source tools, based on the power source they use:they use:• electricelectric• pneumaticpneumatic• liquid fuelliquid fuel• hydraulichydraulic• explosive-actuatedexplosive-actuated

8b


Never carry a tool by the cord or Never carry a tool by the cord or hosehose

Never yank the cord or the hose to Never yank the cord or the hose to disconnect it from the receptacledisconnect it from the receptacle

Keep cords and hoses away from Keep cords and hoses away from heat, oil, and sharp edgesheat, oil, and sharp edges

8c


Disconnect tools when not in use, Disconnect tools when not in use, before servicing, and when before servicing, and when changing accessorieschanging accessories

Keep observers a safe distance Keep observers a safe distance away from the work areaaway from the work area

Avoid accidental startingAvoid accidental starting

8d


Tools should be maintained with Tools should be maintained with carecare

Be sure to keep good footing and Be sure to keep good footing and maintain good balancemaintain good balance

8e


Wear proper apparel - loose Wear proper apparel - loose clothing or jewelry can get caught clothing or jewelry can get caught in moving partsin moving parts

All portable electric tools that are All portable electric tools that are damaged are to be removed from damaged are to be removed from use and tagged “Do Not Use.”use and tagged “Do Not Use.”

8f

GuardsGuards

Hazardous moving parts of a Hazardous moving parts of a power tool need to be safeguardedpower tool need to be safeguarded

9a

GuardsGuards

Guards protect the operator and Guards protect the operator and others from the following:others from the following:• Point of operationPoint of operation• In-running nip pointsIn-running nip points• Rotating partsRotating parts• Flying chips and Flying chips and

sparkssparks

9b

GuardsGuards

Safety guards must never be Safety guards must never be removed when a tool is being usedremoved when a tool is being used

9c

Safety switchesSafety switches

The following hand-held powered The following hand-held powered tools must be equipped with a tools must be equipped with a constant-pressure switch or constant-pressure switch or control. They may also be control. They may also be equipped with a “lock-on” control:equipped with a “lock-on” control:

10a


drillstappersdrillstappers fastener driversfastener drivers horizontal, vertical and angle horizontal, vertical and angle

grinders with wheels larger than 2 grinders with wheels larger than 2 inches in diameterinches in diameter

disc sanders with discs larger than disc sanders with discs larger than 2 inches2 inches

10b


belt sandersbelt sanders reciprocating sawsreciprocating saws saber sawssaber saws scroll sawsscroll saws jigsaws with blade shanks greater jigsaws with blade shanks greater

than 1/4 inch widethan 1/4 inch wide

10c

General precautions for General precautions for electric power toolselectric power tools

Operate electric tools within their Operate electric tools within their design limitationsdesign limitations

Use gloves and appropriate safety Use gloves and appropriate safety footwear when using electric toolsfootwear when using electric tools

Store electric tools in a dry place Store electric tools in a dry place when not in usewhen not in use

11a


Do not use electric tools in damp Do not use electric tools in damp or wet locations unless they are or wet locations unless they are approved for that purposeapproved for that purpose

Keep work areas well-lit when Keep work areas well-lit when operating electric toolsoperating electric tools

11b


Ensure that power cords do not Ensure that power cords do not present a tripping hazardpresent a tripping hazard

11c

Electrocution and shockElectrocution and shock

Electric-powered tools can cause Electric-powered tools can cause burns and slight shocks which can burns and slight shocks which can lead to injuries or even heart lead to injuries or even heart failurefailure

Even a small amount of current Even a small amount of current can result in fibrillation of the heart can result in fibrillation of the heart and deathand death

12a

Electrocution and shockElectrocution and shock

To protect the user from shock, To protect the user from shock, tools must either:tools must either:• have a three-wire cord with ground have a three-wire cord with ground

and be plugged into a grounded and be plugged into a grounded receptaclereceptacle

• be double insulatedbe double insulated• be powered by a low-voltage isolation be powered by a low-voltage isolation

transformertransformer

12b

Powered abrasive wheel Powered abrasive wheel toolstools

Powered abrasive wheels create Powered abrasive wheels create special safety problems because special safety problems because they may throw off flying they may throw off flying fragmentsfragments

13a


Before an abrasive wheel is Before an abrasive wheel is mounted, it should be:mounted, it should be:• inspected closelyinspected closely• sound- or ring-testedsound- or ring-tested

13b


To test, wheels should be tapped To test, wheels should be tapped gently with a light non-metallic gently with a light non-metallic instrumentinstrument

If they sound If they sound cracked or dead, cracked or dead, they could fly apart they could fly apart in operationin operation

13c


A sound and undamaged wheel will A sound and undamaged wheel will give a clear metallic tone or “ring”give a clear metallic tone or “ring”

13d


Portable grinding tools need to be Portable grinding tools need to be equipped with safety guards to equipped with safety guards to protect workers from:protect workers from:• the moving wheel surfacethe moving wheel surface• flying fragments in flying fragments in

case of breakagecase of breakage

13e


When using a powered grinder:When using a powered grinder:• always use eye protectionalways use eye protection• turn off the power when not in useturn off the power when not in use

• never clamp a hand-held never clamp a hand-held grinder in a visegrinder in a vise

13f

Pneumatic toolsPneumatic tools

Pneumatic tools are powered by Pneumatic tools are powered by compressed air and include:compressed air and include:• chipperschippers• drillsdrills• hammershammers• sanderssanders

14a


The main danger in using The main danger in using pneumatic tools is the hazard of pneumatic tools is the hazard of getting hit by:getting hit by:• one of the tool’s one of the tool’s

attachments; or attachments; or • a fastener being used a fastener being used

with the toolwith the tool

14b


Eye protection is required and face Eye protection is required and face protection is recommendedprotection is recommended

Check to see that the Check to see that the tool is fastened tool is fastened securely to the hose – securely to the hose – use a locking deviceuse a locking device

14c


Set up screens to protect nearby Set up screens to protect nearby workers from being struck by flying workers from being struck by flying

fragments around:fragments around:• chipperschippers• riveting gunsriveting guns• staplersstaplers• air drillsair drills

14d


Use hearing protection when Use hearing protection when working with noisy tools such as working with noisy tools such as jackhammersjackhammers

14e

Compressed airCompressed air

Compressed air cannot be used for Compressed air cannot be used for cleaning purposes unless:cleaning purposes unless:• the pressure is reduced to less than the pressure is reduced to less than

30 p.s.i.30 p.s.i.• effective chip guarding is usedeffective chip guarding is used• personal protective equipment is personal protective equipment is

usedused

15a


Methods for pressure reduction Methods for pressure reduction include:include:• Reducing the air compressor pressure Reducing the air compressor pressure

levellevel• Fitting the air source with a relief Fitting the air source with a relief

device to release the air when the device to release the air when the nozzle is dead-endednozzle is dead-ended

15b


Methods for pressure reduction Methods for pressure reduction include:include:• Installing an air nozzle with holes that Installing an air nozzle with holes that

will reduce the air pressure to less will reduce the air pressure to less than 30 p.s.i. when the nozzle is than 30 p.s.i. when the nozzle is dead-endeddead-ended

15c


Never point compressed air guns Never point compressed air guns toward anyonetoward anyone

Never “dead-end” an air gun Never “dead-end” an air gun against yourselfagainst yourself

15d


Compressed air typically contains Compressed air typically contains chips, oil particles, and other chips, oil particles, and other debris that can cause serious debris that can cause serious injuries to eyes, ears, and even injuries to eyes, ears, and even intact skinintact skin

Use a brush to remove dust and Use a brush to remove dust and debris from clothingdebris from clothing

15e


Wearing disposable coveralls will Wearing disposable coveralls will also help keep employees’ clothing also help keep employees’ clothing clean during dusty jobsclean during dusty jobs

15f

Explosive-actuated toolsExplosive-actuated tools

Explosive- or powder-actuated Explosive- or powder-actuated tools operate like a loaded guntools operate like a loaded gun

Tools should not be used in an Tools should not be used in an explosive or explosive or flammable flammable atmosphereatmosphere

16a


Suitable eye and face protection Suitable eye and face protection for the operator and assistants is for the operator and assistants is essentialessential

16b


Before using the tool, the worker Before using the tool, the worker should inspect it to determine:should inspect it to determine:• that it is cleanthat it is clean• all moving parts operate freelyall moving parts operate freely• the barrel is free from obstructionsthe barrel is free from obstructions• the manufacturer recommended the manufacturer recommended

shield, guard, or attachments are in shield, guard, or attachments are in placeplace

16c


The tool must never be pointed at The tool must never be pointed at anybodyanybody

The tool should not be loaded The tool should not be loaded unless it its to unless it its to be used be used immediatelyimmediately

16d


A loaded tool should not be left A loaded tool should not be left unattendedunattended

Tools must not be available to Tools must not be available to unauthorized personsunauthorized persons

Hands should be kept clear of the Hands should be kept clear of the barrel endbarrel end

16e

MisfiresMisfires

If an explosive-actuated tool If an explosive-actuated tool misfires:misfires:• wait at least 30 secondswait at least 30 seconds• then try firing it againthen try firing it again

17a

MisfiresMisfires

If it still will not fire:If it still will not fire:• wait another 30 seconds so that the wait another 30 seconds so that the

faulty cartridge is less likely to faulty cartridge is less likely to explodeexplode

• carefully remove the load according carefully remove the load according to the tool manufacturer’s to the tool manufacturer’s instructionsinstructions

• place the bad cartridge in waterplace the bad cartridge in water

17b

MisfiresMisfires

If the tool develops a defect during If the tool develops a defect during use, tag it and take it out of use, tag it and take it out of service until repairedservice until repaired

Repairs must meet the tool Repairs must meet the tool manufacturer’s specificationsmanufacturer’s specifications

17c

FastenersFasteners

Don’t fire fasteners must into Don’t fire fasteners must into material that would let them pass material that would let them pass through to the other sidethrough to the other side

Don’t drive fasteners into very Don’t drive fasteners into very hard or brittle materialshard or brittle materials

18a

FastenersFasteners

Don’t use high-velocity tools to Don’t use high-velocity tools to drive fasteners into materials drive fasteners into materials (brick or concrete) any closer than (brick or concrete) any closer than 3 inches to an unsupported edge 3 inches to an unsupported edge or corneror corner

18b

FastenersFasteners

Don’t use high-velocity tools to Don’t use high-velocity tools to place fasteners in steel any closer place fasteners in steel any closer than 1/2 inch from an unsupported than 1/2 inch from an unsupported corner edge unless a special corner edge unless a special guard, fixture, or jig is usedguard, fixture, or jig is used

18c

FastenersFasteners

Use an alignment guide when Use an alignment guide when shooting a fastener into an existing shooting a fastener into an existing holehole

Don’t drive a fastener into a Don’t drive a fastener into a spalled area caused by an spalled area caused by an unsatisfactory fasteningunsatisfactory fastening

18d

Hydraulic power tool Hydraulic power tool precautionsprecautions

The fluid used in hydraulic power The fluid used in hydraulic power tools must:tools must:• be an approved fire-resistant fluidbe an approved fire-resistant fluid• retain its operating characteristics at retain its operating characteristics at

the most extreme temperatures to the most extreme temperatures to which it will be exposedwhich it will be exposed

19a

Hydraulic power tool Hydraulic power tool precautionsprecautions

The manufacturer’s recommended The manufacturer’s recommended safe operating pressure for hoses, safe operating pressure for hoses, valves, pipes, filters, and other valves, pipes, filters, and other fittings must not be exceededfittings must not be exceeded

19b

Safe use of jacksSafe use of jacks

All jacks must have a device that All jacks must have a device that stops them from jacking up too stops them from jacking up too highhigh

A jack should A jack should never be used to never be used to support a lifted support a lifted loadload

20a


Use wooden blocking under the Use wooden blocking under the base if necessary to make the jack base if necessary to make the jack level and securelevel and secure

20b


To set up a jack, make certain of To set up a jack, make certain of the following:the following:• The base rests on a firm, level surfaceThe base rests on a firm, level surface• The jack is correctly centeredThe jack is correctly centered• The jack head bears against a level The jack head bears against a level

surfacesurface

• The lift force is applied evenlyThe lift force is applied evenly

20c

hand & portable powered tools. injuries caused by hand & portable powered tools v serious...

Documents

design v tools

v tool use

b slide

explosive actuated tools

hand v nonsparking hand

design v handles

c slide

tool quality