HandcuffingHandcuffing

Law Enforcement 1Law Enforcement 1

Apprehension and ArrestApprehension and Arrest

When to apprehend?When to apprehend? When do you need to make an When do you need to make an

arrest or take someone into arrest or take someone into custody?custody?

Discuss as a class. Discuss as a class.

Apprehension and ArrestApprehension and Arrest

You need to have what in order to You need to have what in order to make an arrest?make an arrest?

Need to have PCNeed to have PC PC to arrest: a set of facts and PC to arrest: a set of facts and

circumstances which would leave a circumstances which would leave a reasonable and prudent person to reasonable and prudent person to believe that a crime has been believe that a crime has been committed.committed.

Apprehension and Arrest Apprehension and Arrest Contd. Contd.

What type of force can be used to What type of force can be used to apprehend a person/suspect?apprehend a person/suspect? The minimum amount of the force The minimum amount of the force

necessary to apprehend or arrest a necessary to apprehend or arrest a subject.subject.

All subjects that have been taken All subjects that have been taken into custody MUST be handcuffed.into custody MUST be handcuffed.

- This is for officer safety.- This is for officer safety.

Apprehension and ArrestApprehension and ArrestContinuedContinued

Frisk and pat down after Frisk and pat down after handcuffing.handcuffing. What is the difference between a pat What is the difference between a pat

down/Frisk and a search?down/Frisk and a search? Pat Down is a pat down of the outer Pat Down is a pat down of the outer

clothing and feeling for weapons. clothing and feeling for weapons.

- Search is limited to those areas - Search is limited to those areas where a weapon could be concealed where a weapon could be concealed and later retrieved by the person in and later retrieved by the person in custody for the use against the custody for the use against the officer.officer.

Initiating the Initiating the ApprehensionApprehension

Wait for a back up unit, if possible.Wait for a back up unit, if possible. When making the approach, remain alert and When making the approach, remain alert and

evaluate the suspect’s demeanor and physical evaluate the suspect’s demeanor and physical conditioning.conditioning.

Maintain a safe distance during the initial Maintain a safe distance during the initial contact.contact.

Advise the subject of the offense after they Advise the subject of the offense after they are handcuffed.are handcuffed.

Take actions quickly and remove the subject Take actions quickly and remove the subject to a safe place to avoid bystander to a safe place to avoid bystander interference.interference.

Low Risk HandcuffingLow Risk HandcuffingProcedure/High RiskProcedure/High Risk

Handcuffing ProcedureHandcuffing Procedure

Searching ApprehendedSearching ApprehendedSubjectsSubjects

PREPARING FORPREPARING FORHANDCUFFINGHANDCUFFING

Hands up at chest level.Hands up at chest level. Load handcuffs – make them ready Load handcuffs – make them ready Make sure they are unlocked/not doubled Make sure they are unlocked/not doubled

lockedlocked Check your stance (Bladed Position)Check your stance (Bladed Position)

Hands in interview positionHands in interview position

Risk Factors inRisk Factors inHandcuffingHandcuffing

Know the Know the suspects mental suspects mental attitude/ attitude/ behavioral behavioral disorders.disorders.

Time and Time and locationlocation

If the subject is If the subject is intoxicatedintoxicated

Officer’s attitude.Officer’s attitude.

STANDING STANDING HANDCUFFINGHANDCUFFING

STANCE:STANCE: Bladed positionBladed position At the 2 ½ positionAt the 2 ½ position

VERBAL COMMANDS:VERBAL COMMANDS: Get your hands out of your pockets.Get your hands out of your pockets. Turn around.Turn around. Spread your feet apart.Spread your feet apart. Bend over at the waistBend over at the waist Put your hands behind your backPut your hands behind your back Palms towards the skyPalms towards the sky Look to the left/rightLook to the left/right

Slowly move in to handcuff the subject.Slowly move in to handcuff the subject. Grab the subjects right thumb on the right hand.Grab the subjects right thumb on the right hand.

Place the bottom handcuff on the subjects right wrist.Place the bottom handcuff on the subjects right wrist. Shake the left/right hand (grab the fingers not thumb) and Shake the left/right hand (grab the fingers not thumb) and

place the top handcuff on the left wrist. place the top handcuff on the left wrist. DOUBLE LOCK THE HANDCUFFSDOUBLE LOCK THE HANDCUFFS

KNEELING POSITIONKNEELING POSITION Hands out of pocketsHands out of pockets Turn around Turn around Drop to your kneesDrop to your knees Put your hands behind your backPut your hands behind your back Palms towards the skyPalms towards the sky Bend over at the waistBend over at the waist Cross your feetCross your feet Look away from me Look away from me Slowly move in to handcuff the subject.Slowly move in to handcuff the subject. Grab the subjects right/left thumb on the right/left Grab the subjects right/left thumb on the right/left

hand while placing your foot on the subjects hand while placing your foot on the subjects right/left foot.right/left foot. Place the bottom handcuff on the subjects right Place the bottom handcuff on the subjects right

wrist.wrist. Shake the left/right hand (grab the fingers not Shake the left/right hand (grab the fingers not

thumb) and place the top handcuff on the left wrist. thumb) and place the top handcuff on the left wrist. DOUBLE LOCK THE HANDCUFFSDOUBLE LOCK THE HANDCUFFS

APPROACHING AT PRONEAPPROACHING AT PRONEPOSITIONPOSITION

Check your stance.Check your stance. Load your handcuffsLoad your handcuffs Lower your center of gravity (squat as Lower your center of gravity (squat as

you go in)you go in) Slowly move in dragging your gun side Slowly move in dragging your gun side

legleg Grab the right/left thumb.Grab the right/left thumb. Place the bottom handcuff on the Place the bottom handcuff on the

subject.subject.

APPROACHING AT PRONEAPPROACHING AT PRONEPOSITION cont…POSITION cont…

Drop down without putting any weight Drop down without putting any weight onto the subject.onto the subject.

Place the handcuffed hand and arm as Place the handcuffed hand and arm as close to the left/right leg as possible.close to the left/right leg as possible.

Tell the subject to bring his/her other Tell the subject to bring his/her other hand to the middle of their back.hand to the middle of their back.

Shake the hand and place the other Shake the hand and place the other handcuff onto the subject.handcuff onto the subject.

DOUBLE LOCK THE HANDCUFFS DOUBLE LOCK THE HANDCUFFS WHILE THE PERSON IS STILL DOWN. WHILE THE PERSON IS STILL DOWN.

Search the subject. Search the subject.

PRONE HANDCUFFINGPRONE HANDCUFFING Drop to your kneesDrop to your knees Lay face downLay face down Spread your hands out to your side.Spread your hands out to your side. Cross your feet.Cross your feet. Look away from me Look away from me Slowly move in to handcuff the subject.Slowly move in to handcuff the subject. Grab the subjects right/left thumb on the right/left hand Grab the subjects right/left thumb on the right/left hand

while kneeling down.while kneeling down. Place the bottom handcuff on the subjects right wrist.Place the bottom handcuff on the subjects right wrist.

Tell the suspect to bring hand towards their other hand. Tell the suspect to bring hand towards their other hand.

Shake the left/right hand (grab the fingers not thumb) Shake the left/right hand (grab the fingers not thumb) and place the top handcuff on the left wrist. and place the top handcuff on the left wrist.

DOUBLE LOCK THE HANDCUFFSDOUBLE LOCK THE HANDCUFFS

Direct ApproachDirect Approach

Advantage Advantage

- Observe all movements- Observe all movements DisadvantageDisadvantage

- Lose surprise element - Lose surprise element and vulnerable to and vulnerable to resistanceresistance

Rear ApproachRear Approach AdvantagesAdvantages

- Surprise- Surprise

- Reduces probability of direct attack- Reduces probability of direct attack DisadvantagesDisadvantages

- May provoke physical response.- May provoke physical response.

Searching Apprehended Searching Apprehended SubjectsSubjects

Keep Balance Keep Balance Keep Subject off balanceKeep Subject off balance Watch head and shoulders of subject for Watch head and shoulders of subject for

movementmovement Keep commands briefKeep commands brief Grab and squeeze the clothing Grab and squeeze the clothing Find out what is inside the pockets Find out what is inside the pockets Always search from the rear.Always search from the rear. Search males and Females alike.Search males and Females alike.

Standing Search PositionStanding Search Position

Start with the subject’s head, hair and capStart with the subject’s head, hair and cap Move down to the neck areaMove down to the neck area When search or frisk the waistband do the When search or frisk the waistband do the

front dot the right front right side first.front dot the right front right side first. Search the right back of the subjectSearch the right back of the subject Search the waist bandSearch the waist band Search the right out of the subject’s legSearch the right out of the subject’s leg Search the bottom right of the leg, including Search the bottom right of the leg, including

the socks and inside the shoe.the socks and inside the shoe.

Standing Search Standing Search cont….cont….

Move up the inside of the subject’s right Move up the inside of the subject’s right legleg

Search the groin and buttocks areaSearch the groin and buttocks area Search the left side of the upper body, both Search the left side of the upper body, both

front and rearfront and rear Move down the inside of the leg Move down the inside of the leg Search the left outside of the legSearch the left outside of the leg Search the left sock and shoe area.Search the left sock and shoe area. Move back towards the waistband.Move back towards the waistband.