handout - mandarin 2012 (1)

7/28/2019 Handout - Mandarin 2012 (1)

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REFLEXIVE AND EMPHATIC PRONOUNS

Subject ObjectPossessiveAdjective

PossessivePronoun

ReflexivePronoun

IYouTheyWeHeSheIt

You

MeYou

ThemUs

HimHerIt

You

MyYourTheirOurHisHerIts

Your

MineYoursTheirsOursHisHers----

Yours

MyselfYourselfThemselvesOurselvesHimselfHerselfItself

Yourselves

Example:When you see the African lions in the park, you see them in

their true environment.

Both pronoun you are in the subject position. The pronounthemis the object pronoun and refers to the lions. The pronoun theiris in the possessive adjective form because the environmentdiscussed in sentence is that of the lions.

Possessive pronouns or adjectives are usually used withreference to parts of the body.

Example:1. She put the shawl over her shoulder2. She lifted the boy and put the shawl in his shoulder.3. She put a red hair on her head and a green one on his.

Observe the following example. Does the pronoun or possessiveadjective agree with the word it refers to?Example:

The little girl put on her hat, and the little boy put on his hat.

If the hat girl put on belongs to the girl, the possessive adjective mustagree with the word girl. If the hat the boy put on belongs to the boy,the possessive pronoun must agree with the word boy. If somethingin the sentence indicates that the hats they put on belong to someoneelse, agreement must be made between the possessive pronoun oradjective and that other person.

ExerciseA. State whether the sentences below are correct or incorrect.1. When he comes back from vacation, Bob and me plan to look for

another apartment.


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When he comes back from vacation, Bob and I plan to look foranother apartment.

2. The bus leaves Ted and she at the corner

The bus leaves Ted and her at the corner

B. Choose the Correct Answer

1. The jaw structure of a snake permits it to eat and digest animalsmuch larger than ____a. it c. itselfb. its d. it has

2. Sports medicine experts agree that ice should be appliedimmediately when an athlete suffers an injury to______ lega. its c. theb. an d. his

3. One property of radioisotopes is that _______decaying occurs inhalf-lives over a long period of time.a. they c. theyreb. them d. their

4. Since the earths crust is much thicker under the continents,equipment would have to be capable of drilling through 100,000feet of rock to investigate the mantle ______a. beneath them c. beneath itsb. beneath their d. beneath they

5. There are ten children playing in the yard near my house, but yourchild is not______a. among them c. among theirb. among us d. among theirs

6. The policemen ordered the suspect not to remove _______ from thehood of the car.a. their hands c. them handsb. his hands d. him hands

7. It was ________ who came running the into the classrooma. I c. mineb. me d. my

8. The company has so little money that ________ cannot hardly

operate anymore.


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a. it c. itsb. their d. they

9. The students were interested in taking a field trip to The National

History Museum, but _______ were not able to raise enough money.a. them c. theyb. their d. theirs

10.His father does not approve of _______ to the banquet withoutdressing formally.a. his going c. he goesb. him to go d. him going

C. Choose the letter of the underlined word that is not correct

1. According to the Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, noperson should be

A B C

compelled to be a witness against him ownU D

2. According to the theory of natural selection, the man who wasable to use the handA

and feet most freely to walk and grasp was the one whosurvived and evolved.

B C D

3. Although Barney Clark lived only a few months with that artificialheart, doctors were

Aable to learn a great deal from him having used it.

B C D

4. According to Amazon legends, men were forced to do all of thehousehold tasks for

A Bthe women warriors who governed and protected the cities for

they.C D

5. After she had bought himself a new automobile, she sold her

bicycle.


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A B C D

6. Before my parents went home, she had bought me some food.A B C D

7. Peter and Tom play tennis every morning with Mary and IA B C D

8. A mosquitos wings move about one hundred times per second.Their wing

A B Cmovement is the sound we hear when a mosquito is humming inour ears.

D9. The only teachers who were required to attend the meeting were

George, Betty,A B C

and me.D

10.Because Sam and Michelle had done all of the work theirselves,they were unwilling

A B Cto give the results to Joan.

D

MODAL AUXILIARIES

The modal auxiliaries in English are: can, could, had better,may, might, must, ought to, shall, should, will, would. Modal

auxiliaries generally express a speakers attitude, or moods. Forexample, modals can express that a speaker feels something isnecessary, advisable, permissible, possible, or probable and addition,they can convey the strength of these attitudes.

Modal is used with a verb word. A verb word is the dictionaryform of the verb. In some grammar books, the verb word is called thebare infinitive. Verb words are very important in many patterns, butthey are used most often with modals.

Subject Modal Verb word Object

They Might visit Us


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Must is also a modal. Must followed by the verb word haveand a participle expresses a logical conclusion based on evidence.

The conclusion is about an event that happened in the past.

Remember that an observation in the present may serve as thebasis for a conclusion about something that happened in the past.

For example, here is a message on my desk.It may be concluded that my friend must have called last night.

Subject Must have Participle Past timeMy friend must have called last night

Avoid using shouldor caninstead ofmust.Avoid using a verb wordinstead ofhaveand a participle when referring to events in the past.

Mustthat is followed by beand an ing form or an adjectiveexpresses a logical conclusion based on evidence. The conclusion isabout an event that is happening now.

Subject Must be -ing Present tenseMy friend must be calling Now

Subject Must be Verb word Present timeHe must be upset Now

Must followed by a verb word expresses a logical conclusionbased on evidence. The conclusion is about an event that happensrepeatedly.

Subject Must Verb word Repeatedtime

My friend must call often

Remember that knowfollowed by a noun expresses knowledge.

Subject Know NounI Know the answer

know howfollowed by an infinitive expresses ability

Subject Know How infinitiveMy friend know How to answer the

question


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Used to is similar to modal. Used to with a verb means that acustom in the past has not continued.

Subject Used to Verb word Phrase/ Noun

He used to live in the country

Be used towith an ingform means to be accustomed to.

Subject be Used to ing form Phrase/Noun

He was used to living in thecountry

Had betteris similar to a modal. Although hadappears to be a past,

had betterexpresses advice for the future.

Subject Hadbetter

Verb word Phrase/Noun

You had better take Chemistry 600 thissemester

Subject Hadbetter

Not Verb word Phrase/ Noun

You had better Not Take Chemistry 600 thissemester

The phrase would rather is similar to a modal. Although wouldrather appears to be a past, it expresses preference in present andfuture time

Subject Wouldrather

Verb

I would rather Drive

Subject Would

rather

Not Verb

I would rather Not Drive

When the preference is for another person or thing, would ratherthat introduces a clause. The other person or thing is the subject ofthe clause. Although the verb is past tense, the preference is forpresent or future time.

Subject Wouldrather

That Subject Verb (past)

I would

rather

That you Drove


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Avoid using a present verb or a verb word instead of a past verb.Avoid using shouldand a verb instead of a past verb.

Subject

Wouldrather

That Subject Didnt Verb word

I would rather That You didnt Drive

Exercises!A. State whether the sentences below are correct or incorrect.

1. After you show me the way, I can to go by myself.After you show me the way, I can go by myself

2. He was used to drink too muchHe used to drink too much

3. You had better to hurry if you dont want to miss the bus.You had better hurry if you dont want to miss the bus.

4. If you dont mind, Id rather not to serve on the committee.If you dont mind, Id rather not serve on the committee.

5. Diane would rather that her husband doesnt working so hard.Diane would rather that her husband didnt work so hard.

B. Choose the correct answer!

1. By the time a baby has reached his first birthday, he should,without the help of an adult, _______sit up or even stand up.a. to be able to c. able tob. to be able d. be able to

2. The theory of Continental Drift assumes that there _______longterm climatic changes in many areas during the past.a. must have been c. must beb. must have d. must

3. The general public________ a large number of computers now,because prices are beginning to decreasea. must buy c. must be buyingb. must have bought d. must buying

4. Since more than 50 percent of all marriages in the United Statesend in divorce, about half of the children in America must

_______.in single parent homes.a. grow up c. growing up

b. to grow up d. have grown up


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5. In a liberal arts curriculum, it is assumed that graduates will______.about English, languages, literature, history, and theother social sciences.

a. know c. know howb. knowledge d. knowing

6. Harvard________ a school for men, but now it is coeducational,serving as many women as men.a. was used c. used to beb. was used to d. was used to be

7. To check for acidity, one had better _______litmus paper.a. use c. to useb. to use d. useful

8. The great apes, a generally peaceful species, _______.in groups.a. would rather living c. would rather liveb. would rather they live d. would rather lived

9. He told me a lot about the Philippines. He ________ there for along time.a. must have lived c. might be livingb. ought to be lived d. should be living

10. When we got home, we found the front door open. Somebody______entered the house while we were away.a. must have c. ought to haveb. would have d. should have

C. Choose the letter of the underlined word that is not correct1. It is said that the American flag has five-pointed stars becauseBetsy Ross told

A BGeneral Washington she would rather that he changing the six-

pointed ones.

C D

2. Secretariat run the Kentucky Derby in 1.59 minutes, setting arecord that has

A B Cremained unbroken since 1973.

D

3. Because doctors are treating more people fro skin cancer, it iswidely believed that

A B


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changes in the protective layers of the earths atmosphere mustproduced harmful

C Deffects.

4. Some astronomers contend that in ancient times, the Big HornMedicine Wheel, an

Aarrangement of stones in Wyoming, must have serve as sighting

points forB C D

observations of the sun.

5. The Amish people, descended from the Germans and Swiss,would rather using

Ahorses than machines for transportation and farm work because

they believe that aB C

simple life keeps them closer to God.D

6. In todays competitive markets, even small businesses hadbetter to advertiseA B

on TV and radio in order to gain a share of the market.C D

7. As television images of the astronauts showed, even for trainedprofessionals whoA Bare used to move about in a lessened gravitational field, thereare still problems.

C D

8. The Impressionists like Monet and Manet knew to use color inorder to create an

A B C

image of reality rather than reality itself.D

9. Sheep must have mate in fall since the young are born in early

spring every year.


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A B C D

10. When the weather becomes colder we know that the airmass must originated

A B Cin the Arctic rather than over the Gulf of Mexico.

D

TENSES

THE SIMPLE TENSETense Examples Meaning

SimplePresent

(b) It snows in Alaska(c) I read newspaper every

morning

In general, the simplepresent expresses

events or situationsthat exist always,usually, habitually.

They exist now, haveexisted in the past,and probably willexist in the future.

PresentProgressive(Continuous)

(d) John iseating dinner now

(e) We areleaving for the theater atseven oclock.

This presentprogressive is used toindicate present time(now) with all (c).It is also used toindicate future time(d).

Tense Examples MeaningSimple Past (a) John went to Spain last

year.(b) Bob bought a new bicycle

yesterday.(c) Maria washed the dishes

last night

The simple past isused for a completedaction that happenedat one specific time inthe past.

It began and ended inthe past.

PastProgressive(Continuous)

(d) When Mark came home,Martha was watchingtelevision.

(f) Marthawas watching televisionwhile John was reading abook.

Past progressive isused to indicate anaction which wasoccurring in the pastand was interruptedby another action.(d)It is also used toindicate two actionsoccurring at the same

time in the past. (e)


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THE PERFECT TENSETense Examples Meaning

PresentPerfect

(a) John has travelled aroundthe world.

(b) George has seen thismovie three times.

(c) John has lived in the samehouse for twenty years.(he still lives there)

The present perfect isused to indicate anaction that happenedat an indefinite timein the past (a)It is also used toindicate an actionthat happened morethan once in the past(b)

It is also used toindicate an actionbegan in the past andis still occurring in thepresent (c).

PresentPerfectContinuous

(a) I have been waiting forher since you left

Present perfectcontinuous is used toindicate an actionthat began in the pastand still occurring inthe present (present

perfect rules). It isalso possible to usethe present perfectprogressive.

Tense Examples MeaningPast Perfect (a) John had gone to the

store before he wenthome.

Past perfect is used toindicate an actionthat happened beforeanother action in the

past; there usuallyare two actions in thesentence.

ExerciseA. State whether the sentences below are correct or incorrect.1. Please, be quiet. I am trying to concentrate.2. Kathy is always washing her hair every other day.3. I called Mary last night.4. In her whole life time, I have never see snow.5. She will probably attends the meeting.


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B. Choose the correct answer!1. A: How long has she been the principal of our school?

B: Since I _____this school.a. was entering b. have entered

b. would entered d. entered

2. A: Can I borrow your magazine?B: I am sorry, my sister ______it.

a. is still reading b. has been readingb. will still read d. still reads

3. Oh dear! I forgot to bring my dictionary. Thats all right. I ______you mine.

a. am lending. c. am going to lendb. will lend d. will be lending

4. Where is my dictionary? It was on my desk.Perhaps, somebody ______it.

a. takes c. has takenb. is taking d. had taken

5. Political demonstrations on American campuses haveabated_______

a. after 1970 c. in 1970

b. for 1970 d. since 19706. People who have very little technical background have______ tounderstand computer language.

a. learn c. learningb. learned d. learns

7. Before the Angles and Saxons ______to England, the Ibarianshad lived there.

a. came c. comesb. had come d. has come

8. My nephew______ working for me about ten years ago.a. begun c. beginb. have begun d. began

9. Doctoral students who are preparing to take their qualifyingexaminations have been studying in the library every night

_______the last three months.a. since c. untilb. before d. after


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10. The internal Revenue service ______their tax forms byApril 15 every year.

a. makes c. makeb. is making d. has made


1. Before she died, Andrew Jacksons daughter, who lives in thefamily mansion, used

A B Cto take tourists through her home.

D

2. Aging in most animals can be readily modified when they willlimit caloric intake.

A B C D

3. Two of the players from the Yankees has been chosen toparticipate in All Star

A B C Dgame.

4. The first electric lamp had two carbon rods from which vaporserves to conduct

A B C

Dthe current across the gap.

5. Before dinosaurs became extinct, plant life is very different onearth.

A B C D

6. When Columbus seen the new world, he thought that he hadreached the East

A B CIndies by way of a Western route.

D

7. Nerve impulses will send sensation to the brain at a speed ofabout one hundred

A B Cyards per second.

D

8. In 1970, according to the National Center for Health Statistics,

the average life


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A Bexpectancy for people born during year is 72.4 years.

C D

9. The professor had already given the homework assignmentwhen he had

A Bremembered that Monday was a holiday.

C D

10. John lived in New York since 1990 to 2000, but he is nowliving in Detroit.

A B C D

PASSIVE

A. Form

We make passive verb forms with the verb TO BE + PAST

PARTICIPLE

To be includes: am, is, are, was, were, be, and been.

B. Uses

o To focus on something that happens to someone rather

than the person who does the action.Over 36% of Guatemalan workers are employed in the

agricultural sector.

o To talk about systems and processes

Many of the worlds diamond are mined in South Africa.The stones are sent to Amsterdam, where they are sold tointernational dealers. The stone are cut in Antwerp, andthey are then sold on to jewelers.

o To have business correspondence, because it is less

personal.

Compare:

Peter Jason, who opens our post at this branch, receivedyour letter yesterday. He has forwarded it to Head Office.(Active)Thank you for your letter which was received at thisbranch yesterday. It has been forwarded to Head Office,as complaints are dealt with there. (Passive)


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o To describe changes

The factory is completely different. The whole place hasbeen modernized and computerized, and a lot of

people have been made redundant.

o To have scientific writing or lab reports.

The new species of dinosaurs, one a quick-moving meet-eater and the other a giant-plant-eater, have beendiscovered in Antarctica. The 70 million years old fossil ofthe carnivore would have rested for millenniums at thebottom of the Antarctica sea, while the remains of the 30meters long plant-eater were found in the top ofmountain.

TENSE ACTIVE PASSIVE

SIMPLE PRESENT Jim plays a toy. A toy is played by Jim.

SIMPLE PAST Jim played a toy. A toy was played by Jim.

SIMPLE FUTURE Jim will play a toy. A toy will be played by Jim.

PRESENT

CONTINOUS

Jim is playing a toy. A toy is being played by Jim.

PAST CONTINOUS Jim was playing a toy. A toy was being played by Jim.

BE GOING TO Jim is going to play a toy. A toy is going to be played by Jim.

PRESENT

PERFECT

Jim has played a toy. A toy has been played by Jim.

PAST PERFECT Jim had played a toy. A toy had been played by Jim.

FUTURE PERFECT Jim will have played a toy. A toy will have been played by Jim.

MODAL Jim may play a toy. A toy may be played by Jim.

ExerciseA. State whether the sentences below are correct or incorrect.

1. My wedding ring made of yellow and white gold

My wedding ring is made of yellow and white gold

2. Laura was born in Iowa

Laura born in Iowa


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3. Most of us are sponsored from our parents

Most of us are sponsored by our parents

4. The car was inspected for customs

The car was inspected by customs

5. Her watch needed repaired

Her watch needed repairing

B. Choose the Correct Answer!1. If more than five thousand dollars in monetary instruments is

transported into the United States, a report needs ________withthe customs office.

a. file c. fileb. to file d. to be filed

2. The famous architect, Frank Wright, was greatly _______., whowanted him to study architecture.a. influenced by his mother c. from his mothers

influenceb. his mother influenced him d. influencing for his

mother.

3. In the stringed instruments, the toners _______.by planting a bowacross a set of strings that may be made of wire or gut.

a. they produce c. producingb. are produced d. that are producing

4. ________.Java Man, who lived before the first Ice Age, is the firstmanlike animal.

a. It is generally believed that c. Generally believed it is

b. Believed generally is d. That is generally believed

5. Hundreds of houses and other buildings ________ by the ragingtropical storms which later developed into a hurricane.

a. were developing c. were developedc. are developing d. are developed

6. The biology class will _______into two sections to preventovercrowding in his classroom.

a. be divided c. be divideb. divide d. be dividing


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7. We arrived at the store to purchase the dishwasher which_________ in the local newspaper.

a. has been advertised c. have been advertisedb. had been advertised d. is advertised

8. A great deal of property _______ by hurricanes each year.a. is destroyed c. was destroyedb. destroyed d. destroy

9. Next week, some new equipment _______ by the company toincrease the production.

a. will be ordered c. was orderedb. is ordered d. ordered

10. These contracts _______ by the manager in the nextmeeting.

a. should be signed c. was signedb. is signed d. signed


1. Work is often measure in units called foot pounds.A B C D

2. In the ionosphere , gases have been partly ionize for highfrequency radiation fromA B C

the sun and other sources.D

3. Because the interstate highway system linking roads across thecountry was built

A Babout thirty-five years ago, most of the roads in the system now

need repaired.C D

4. It is believe that most of the earthquakes in the world occurnear the

A B C Dyoungest mountain ranges-----the Himalayas, the Andes, and

the Sierra Nevada.


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5. With special enzymes that are call restriction enzymes, it ispossible to spilt off

A Bsegments of DNA from the donor organism.

C D

6. All the participants of the seminar have been informing by thecommittee.

A B C D

7. He is sent an e mail last week to inform him about the newschedule

A B C D

8. We are suppose to read all of the chapter seven and answer thequestions for

A B Ctomorrows class

D

9. The house were renovated by some workers several weeksago.

A B C D

10. We should have been informed Janis about the change in plans

regarding our A B Cweekend trip to the mountains.

D

PARALLEL STRUCTURE

One use of a conjunction is to connect words or phrases that have thesame grammatical function in a sentence. This use of conjunctions iscalled parallel structure. The conjunctions used in this pattern areand, but, or nor.

(a)Steve and his friend arecoming to dinner.

(b) Susan raised her hand andsnapped her fingers.

(c)He is wearing his arms and(is) shouting at us

(d)These shoes are old butcomfortable

(e)He wants to watch TV or

In (a): noun + and + noun

In (b): verb + and + verb

In (c): verb + and + verb ( Thesecond auxiliary may be omittedif it is the same as the firstauxiliaryIn (d): adjective + but +

adjective


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(to) listen to some music(f) They must put the book on

the table orthe chair(g)We know where he went

andwhat he did(h)Both my brother and my

sisterare doctors(i) Neither Paul nor Linda

lives in New York(j) You can eithersit thereor

wait here(k)Jane went to the post office

not only to buy stampsbut alsoto send letters.

In (e): infinitive + or + infinitive(the second to may be omitted)In (f): phrase or phrase

In (g) clause + and + clauseIn (h): both ..and .

In (i): neither nor

In (j): either ..orIn (k): not only .but also.

(l) Steve, Joe, and Alice arecoming to dinner

(m) Susan raised herhand, snapped her fingers,and asked a question.

(n)The colors in that fabric arered, gold, black, andgreen.

A parallel structure may containmore than two parts. In a series,commas are used to separateeach unit. The final comma thatprecedes the conjunction isoptional but is customarily used.(No commas are used if thereare only parts to a parallelstructure).

ExercisesA. State whether the sentences below are correct or incorrect.

1. We learned to read the passage carefully and underlying the main

idea.

We learned to read the passage carefully and to underline the main

idea.

2. She is not only famous in the United States, but also abroad.

She is famous not only in the United States, but also abroad.B. Choose the correct answer1. In a hot, sunny climate, acclimatizes by eating less, drinking more

liquids, wearing lighter clothing, and ________a skin changes that darken c. his skin may darkenb experiencing a darkening of the skin d darkens his

skin

2. Both historically and _______, Ontario is the heartland of Canadaa. in its geography c. also its geography

b. geographically d. geography


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3. He knows where she lives and ________a. what she does c. she doesb. her address d. her job

4. Peter is not reading a novel but ________a. to wait her c. type a reportb. writing a letter d. wash his car

5. A vacuum will neither conduct heat nor ________.a. transmit sound waves c. sound waves are

transmittedb. transmitting sound waves d. the transmission of

sound waves

6. North Carolina is well known not only for the Great SmokyMountains National Park ________.for the Cherokee Indiansettlements.

a. also c. but alsoc. and d. because of

7. To generate income, magazine publishers must decide whether toincrease the subscription price or ________.

a. to sell advertising c. selling advertisingb. if they should sell advertising d. sold advertising

8. When teenagers finish high school, they have several choices:going to college, getting a job, or ___________.

a. joining the army c. joins the armyb. to join the army d. join the army

9. Collecting stamps, playing chess, and _______ beautiful butterfliesare Derricks hobbies.

a. to mount c. mountingb. mounts d. mount

10. The chief of police demanded from his assistants an orderlyinvestigation, a well-written report, and _______

a. that they work hard c. working hardb. hard work d. work hard


1. The essay which Paul wrote is rather short but impressively.

A B C D


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2. They want to know where she went and did two days ago.A B C D

3. My friend is interested not in books but in watching films.A B C D

4. I think they can explain clearly neither when they go nor they do.A B C D

5. The books and the magazine might be the bag or under the chair.A B C D

6. Both Linda or Mary usually go to the cinema on Saturdays.A B C D

7. Either Elisa nor Eriana really wanted to see them last week.A B C D

8. They can go there either at the end ofJuly or they can go there atthe end of August.

A B C D

9. The aims of the Common Market are to eliminate tariffs membercountries; developing

A

common policies for agriculture, labor, welfare, trade, andtransportation; and toB C

abolish trust and cartels.D

10. The puppy stood up slowly, wagged its tail, blinking its eyes, andbarked

A B C D

COMPARATIVES

1. exact comparisonThe same as and the same have the same meaning, but thesame as is used between the two nouns compared, and thesame is used after the two nouns or a plural noun.

Noun The same as NounThis coat Is the same as that one

Noun Noun the sameThis coat And that one Are the same


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Noun (plural) the sameThese coats Are the same

Avoid using like instead ofas. Avoid using the same between the

two nouns compared.

2. general similarity and general differenceThe words like and alike have the same meaning, but like is usedbetween the two nouns compared, and alike is used after the twonouns or a plural noun. And avoid using as instead of like andavoid using like after the two nouns compared.

Noun Be like NounThis coat Is like that one

Noun be noun alikeThis coat And that one are Alike

noun (plural) be AlikeThese coats Are Alike

Noun Be different from NounThis coat Is different from that one

3. comparative estimate

subject+verb

multiple as many/many

as noun/clause

Fresh fruitcostsWe have

twice

half

as

as

much

many

as

as

cannedfruit

we need

subject+verb

more (less)than

number noun/clause

Steve has more than a thousand Coins in hiscollections

subject/verb as many as number NounWe shouldhave

as many as five hundred Applications


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4. degrees of comparison

subject +

Verb

more(less) adjective

(two syllables)adjectives-er (one

syllables)adjective er (two

syllables ending in y)

than Noun

An essay testis

more difficulthardereasier

than an objectivetest

subject +verb The most(least) adjective(twosyllables

adjectives est (one syllables)

An essay testis

The most difficulthardest

5. double comparison

the compara

tive

S V the comparative S V

The Hotter it Is the the moremiserable

I feel

Exercise:

A. State whether the sentences below are correct or incorrect.

1. The car is almost the same like mine

2. The watch in the window is a little different than this one.

3. This one is better, but it costs three times as much as the other

one.

4. This field is larger than the other one.

5. She is most prettiest of all the girls in our class.

B. Choose the correct answer!1. Although we often use speed and velocity interchangeably,

in technical sense, speed is not always _______velocity


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c. alike c. the same asd. similar d. as

2. Although they are smaller, chipmunks are_______ most other

ground squirrels.a. like to c. like withb. like as d. like

3. A nursery school is ______ a day care center.a. different from c. different thanb. different d. different as

4. The rent at College Apartment is only half ________ you payhere.

a. than c. as many asb. as much as d. from

5. The main library has_______ one millions volumes.a. more as c. more thanb. most than d. least than

6. There are ______fifteen thousand students attending summerschool.

a. as many as c. as manyb. as much as d. as much

7. The bill which we received was________ than the estimate.a. more higher c. higherb. the higher d. more higher

8. The Disney amusement park in Japan is _______Florida orCalifornia.

a. the largest than the ones in c. larger than the ones inb. larger the ones in d. the largest of the ones

9. The greater the demand, _______the price.

a. higher c. highb. the higher d. the high

10. The teacher gave Mike a failing grade on her term paperbecause it was______ Ardians.

a. the same as c. the same withb. same like d. the same with



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1. When two products are basically the same as, advertising caninfluence the publics

A B C Dchoice.

2. The first living structure to appear on earth thousands of yearsago were alike

A B CDviruses.

3. Although business practices have been applied successfully toagriculture, farming

A B Cis different other industries.

D

4. With American prices for sugar at three times as much theworld price,

Amanufacturers are beginning to use fructose blended with pure

sugar, or sucrose.B C D

5. It is generally accepted that the common cold is caused by as

much as forty strains A B Cof viruses that may be present in the air at all times.

D

6. The diesel engine that runs on oil is efficient than most otherengines because it

A B Cconverts the useful energy stored up in the fuel.

D

7. The books for my engineering course are expensive than thebooks for my other

A B Ccourses.

D

8. The more important theorem of all in plane geometry is thePythagorean Theorem.

A B C D


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9. Although there are a number of interesting findings, a mostsignificant results are in

A B C Dthe abstract.

10. The climate here is more milder than that of NewEngland.

A B C D

LISTENING

EXERCISE 1: TOPICS

In some dialogues in the Listening Section, you will beasked to identify the main topic from among several secondarysubjects in the conversations. Choose the best answer.

1.

a.A health clubb.A classc. A gamed.A dentist

6. a.The professors lectureb.The womans childrenc. The chairs they are

sitting ind.The size of the lecture

room2.

a.Food and grocery itemsb.Gasoline pricesc. Weights and measuresd.Money

7. a.The womans computerb.The womans paperc. The mans hometownd.The mans job

3.

a. A vacationb. The mailc. The newspaperd. The office

8. a. The campusb.Registration weekc. The parking situationd.The womans class

4.

a. A new doctorb. A party they attendedc. Their friend Maryd. A graduate program

9. a.The professor, Dr. Smithb.The lab reportsc. The attendance policyd.The teaching assistant

5.

a.An exchange programb.The mans trip to Englandc. The mans illnessd.Their friend Nancy

10.

a.The chemistrydepartment

b.The womans housec. The mans employer

d.Having lunch on campus


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EXERCISE 2: DETAILSIn some dialogues in the Listening section, you will be

asked to remember details that are directly stated. Choose thebest answer.

1.

a. He is tiredb. He is drunkc. He is thirstyd. He is busy

6. a. Steves girlfriendb. Steves sisterc. Steved. Mary Anne

2.

a. She wants to pay bycheck

b. She prefers to use acredit card

c. She has cashd. She will need a loan

7. a. The door is lockedb. The woman doesnt

have the right keyc. The door is stuckd. The doorknob is broken

3.

a. He was too shortb. She didnt know him

very wellc. The expensive gift made

her uncomfortable

d. The man never gave hergifts

8. a. Check the calculatorsb. Use a calculator to do

his testc. Purchase a calculatord. Borrow a calculator

4.

a. He thought she was athief

b. He wanted to secure itfor her

c. His job was to checkeveryones belongings

d. He was looking for a

standard size

9. a. She thinks the manshould ask

b. She thinks the manshould ask his family forhelp

c. She thinks the manshould contact his

roommates family formoney

d. She thinks the manshould leave

5.

a. Study with herb. Help her on the testc. Take a breakd. Lend her his notebook

10.

a. By filling out formsb. By filling his taxesc. By advising him about

students loansd. By completing his

application


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EXERCISE 3: PROBLEMSIn some dialogues is the Listening Section, you will be

asked to identify the problem that the speakers are discussing.This may be more difficult because different aspects of theproblem may be included in the conversation. Choose the bestanswer.1.

a. He does not have achecking account

b. He does not have anychecks

c. He does not have the

money to pay his rentd. There is a line at thecashiers window

6. a. She has to wait for thetelephone to be installed

b. She does not have atelephone

c. She has already seen

the movied. She cannot go to themovie because she hascompany

2.

a. She does not like to livealone

b. Her roommate will bemoving out

c. She wants to get marriedd. She does not have any

messages

7. a. He has gained weightb. The sweatshirt is too bigc. He does not have the

receiptd. The clerk cannot

authorize exchanges

3.

a. He needs his advisor tosign the registration form

b. He does not have anacademic advisor

c. He does not know how toregister for next semester

d. He cant find hisregistration

8. a. She needs child carethat is closer to theuniversity

b. She needs someone totake care of her childrenwhile she is in class

c. She needs the man tohelp her more with thechildren

d. She needs to spend


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more time with thechildren

4.

a. She does not have a carb. She needs a ridec. She is late to classd. She has to go shopping

9. a. He does not like his jobb. He wants to work more

hoursc. He cannot change jobsd. He needs to spend more

studying

5.

a. They dont have a goodbook for their class

b. They dont like Professor

Jonesc. The professor changedthe book this semester

d. Books are very expensive

10.

a. She needs to get moresleep

b. She is starting to feel

sickc. She did not finish herpapers and projects.

d. She is tired of schoolwork

EXERCISE 5: CONVERSATIONFRIENDS IN CAMPUS

In some conversation in the Listening Section on the Paper,you will be asked to recall information exchanged inconversations among friends in a variety of setting on campus.Choose the best answer.

Conversation One Conversation Two

1.

2.

a.The mans graduation.b.The couples

engagement.c. The mans smoking.d.The mans stress.

a. That the man rethinktheir plans.

b.That the man see a family

1.

2.

a. Bill got hungry.b. John noticed the time.c. John had an exam.d. John decided to go home.

a. He has a test that night.b. He plans to go home for

the weekend.

c. He has not studied during


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3.

4.

5.

doctor.c. That the man see a

psychiatrist.d.That the man concentrate

on his studies.

a.Get a patch to help himstop smoking.

b.Stop smokingimmediately on his own.

c. Smoke less than usual fornext week.

d.Think about the womans

suggestions.

a.Patient.b.Surprised.c. Worried.d. Irritated.

a.She has stopped smoking.b.She does not want to get

married to the man.

c. She has asked the man toquit smoking many times.d.She is not in love with the

man.

3.

4.

5.

the semester.d. He is helping his friend.

a. At six oclock.b. At six thirty.c. Over the weekend.d. On Monday

a. Bill wants John to studywith him in the dormitory.

b. Bill wants John to gohome with him for theweekend.

c. Bill wants John to let himknow if he orders a pizza.d. Bill wants John to find out

what is being served inthe cafeteria.

a. Continue studying.b. Go to the cafeteria.c. Cook dinner at home.d. Eat pizza.

EXERCISE 6: CONVERSATIONSERVICE PERSONNEL/STUDENTS

In some conversation in the Listening section, you will beasked to recall information exchanged in conversation betweenservice personnel and students in a variety of setting offcampus. Choose the best answer.

Conversation One Conversation Two

1

.

a. The man wants to place a

classified ad in the

1

.

a. To help the woman make a

purchase.


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2.

3.

4.

5.

newspaper.b. The woman wants to find

an apartment close toschool.

c. The man wants to pay fora newspaper subscription.

d. The woman wants to fillout an application foremployment.

a. Furniture.b. Books.c. Garden supplies.

d. An apartment.

a. Martin.b. Martyn.c. Wynn.d. Wartin.

a. He will pay by check.b. He will have the amount

billed to his home address.

c. He will give the womancash.d. He will come back to pay

when he is billed.

a. To make it clearer tounderstand.

b. To make it longer to read.c. To make it cheaper to

print.

d. To make it easier to use.

2.

3.

4.

5.

b. To request the womansidentification.

c. To show the woman how tomake out a check.

d. To register the woman for acourse at City College.

a. Money.b. Money or credit cards.c. Credit cards or checks.d. Checks or money.

a. Credit card.

b. Money.c. Debit card.d. Check.

a. She used her student ID cardand a charge card.

b. She used her credit card.c. She used her drivers license

and her student ID card.d. She used her telephone

number and her student IDcard.

a. A clerk.b. The womans husband.c. A police officer.d. A bank teller

handout - mandarin 2012 (1)

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