hardware, hoists, and hitches
TRANSCRIPT
Introduction to Basic Rigging 00106-15
Hardware, Hoists, and Hitches
PRESENTED BY ORLANDO MORENO+1 770.354.3072 [email protected] OF CALIFORNIA AT BERKELEY
ObjectivesWhen trainees have completed this session, they should be able to do the following:
1. Identify and describe various types of rigging slings, hardware, and equipment.a. Identify and describe various types of slings.b. Describe how to inspect various types of slings.c. Identify and describe how to inspect common rigging hardware.d. Identify and describe various types of hoists.e. Identify and describe basic rigging hitches and the related emergency
stop signal.
Related Performance Task:Demonstrate the proper ASME emergency stop hand signal.
Introduction to Basic Rigging 00106-15
ShacklesScrew-pin chain and anchor shackles are the most common.
Introduction to Basic Rigging 00106-15
Shackles
Introduction to Basic Rigging 00106-15
Screw pin shackles should not be over-
tightened; tools should not be necessary. Avoid placing the load against
the pin.
Eyebolts Unless an eyebolt has a shoulder, it should only be used for a
straight vertical lift.
Introduction to Basic Rigging 00106-15
Eyebolts
Introduction to Basic Rigging 00106-15
Lifting clamps are very handy for moving sheet
material or other thin-walled components, such as sheet
piles and large pipe.
Eyebolts
Introduction to Basic Rigging 00106-15
Like other rigging hardware, lifting clamps
should be inspected prior to each use.
Hooks
Introduction to Basic Rigging 00106-15
As durable as they may seem, rigging operations and mishandling can permanently damage these components.
Hooks Rigging hooks are available in a surprising number of configurations.
Introduction to Basic Rigging 00106-15
Hoists
Introduction to Basic Rigging 00106-15
The gearing system of the hoist is the secret to its lifting power.
Hoists
Chain hoists with a hook on the top can be taken to the job site and quickly set up.
In an open area, an A-frame can also be set up over the load to provide an anchor
point.
Introduction to Basic Rigging 00106-15
Hoists
A ratchet-lever chain hoist is typically designed for use in lifting. Cable come-alongs are generally not a safe choice
for any type of lifting or critical pull where an unexpected release can cause property damage or injury.
Introduction to Basic Rigging 00106-15
Hitches
A hitch is created using slings and other rigging hardware to form the
connection between the lifting equipment and the load. Tag lines are often
necessary to further control the load, especially to
prevent spinning.
Introduction to Basic Rigging 00106-15
Hitches
Introduction to Basic Rigging 00106-15
A bridle hitch is formed using two or more single hitches.
Hitches
Introduction to Basic Rigging 00106-15
It may be tempting to use a simple hook to create a choker quickly. A shackle must be used for this purpose.
Hitches As mentioned previously, avoid placing the load against the
pin of a shackle.
Introduction to Basic Rigging 00106-15
Hitches Bundles of loose items are best handled with the double-wrap choker
hitch. Note that there is nothing to gain by jamming the shackle down to create a tighter choke! Additional stress is actually created this way.
Introduction to Basic Rigging 00106-15
Hand Signals
This is the one and only hand signal that anyone can present
in the midst of a rigging operation, regardless of skill level. Only qualified riggers
should direct a lifting operation through hand signals.
Introduction to Basic Rigging 00106-15
Wrap Up – Trade Term ReviewBlock and tackleA simple rope-and-pulley system used to lift loads.
BridleA configuration using two or more slings to connect a load to a single hoist hook.
Bull ringA single ring used to attach multiple slings to a hoist hook.
CoreCenter support member of a wire rope around which the strands are laid.
Introduction to Basic Rigging 00106-15
Wrap Up – Trade Term Review
Introduction to Basic Rigging 00106-15
HitchThe rigging configuration by which a sling connects the load to the hoist hook. The three basic types of hitches are vertical, choker, and basket.
HoistA device that applies a mechanical force for lifting or lowering a load.
Lifting clampA device used to move loads such as steel plates or concrete panels without the use of slings.
LoadThe total amount of what is being lifted, including all slings, hitches, and hardware.
Wrap Up – Trade Term Review
Introduction to Basic Rigging 00106-15
PlaneA surface in which a straight line joining two points lies wholly within that surface.
Rated capacityThe maximum load weight a sling or piece of hardware or equipment can hold or lift. Also referred to as the working load limit (WLL).
Rejection criteriaStandards, rules, or tests on which a decision can be based to remove an object or device from service because it is no longer safe.
Rigging hookAn item of rigging hardware used to attach a sling to a load.
Wrap Up – Trade Term Review
Introduction to Basic Rigging 00106-15
Load controlThe safe and efficient practice of load manipulation, using proper communication and handling techniques.
Load stressThe strain or tension applied on the rigging by the weight of the suspended load.
Master linkThe main connection fitting for chain slings.
One-rope layThe lengthwise distance it takes for one strand of a wire rope to make one complete turn around the core.
Wrap Up – Trade Term Review
Introduction to Basic Rigging 00106-15
ShackleCoupling device used in an appropriate lifting apparatus to connect the rope to eye fittings, hooks, or other connectors.
SheaveA grooved pulley-wheel for changing the direction of a rope’s pull; often found on a crane.
SlingWire rope, alloy steel chain, metal mesh fabric, synthetic rope, synthetic webbing, or jacketed synthetic continuous loop fibers made into forms, with or without end fittings, used to handle loads.
Wrap Up – Trade Term Review
Introduction to Basic Rigging 00106-15
UnstrandingDescribes wire rope strands that have become untwisted. This weakens the rope and makes it easier to break.
Warning yarnA component of the sling that shows the rigger whether the sling has suffered too much damage to be used.
Wire ropeA rope made from steel wires that are formed into strands and then laid around a supporting core to form a complete rope; sometimes called cable.
Wrap Up – Trade Term Review
Introduction to Basic Rigging 00106-15
Sling legsThe parts of the sling that reach from the attachment device around the object being lifted.
Sling reachA measure taken from the master link of the sling, where it bears weight, to either the end fitting of the sling or the lowest point on the basket.
SpliceTo join together.
StrandA group of wires wound, or laid, around a center wire, or core. Strands are laid around a supporting core to form a rope.
Wrap Up – Trade Term Review
Introduction to Basic Rigging 00106-15
Tag lineRope that runs from the load to the ground. Riggers hold on to tag lines to keep a load from swinging or spinning during the lift.
Tattle-tailCord attached to the strands of an endless loop sling. It protrudes from the jacket. A tattle-tail is used to determine if an endless sling has been stretched or overloaded.
Threaded shankA connecting end of a fastener, such as a bolt, with a series of spiral grooves cut into it. The grooves are designed to mate with grooves cut into another object in order to join them together.
