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HARMFUL SUBSTANCES & HAZARDOUS WASTES HAZARDOUS WASTES What are some of the key hazardous wastes? Which countries produce the most hazardous waste? How can we reduce the impacts of hazardous waste? Total Hazardous Waste Production (2005) metric tons Clinical Wastes Construction Asbestos Electronics (e-waste) Arsenic PCB chemicals Cadmium Lead Mercury Chromium Pesticides Source: Basel Convention 2002, Minimizing Hazardous Wastes: A Simplified Guide to the Basel Convention Cyanide POP chemicals Industry Strong Acids and Alkalis 196 844 Ecuador Source: Basel Convention 2005, National Reporting ; UNEP 2006, Vital Waste Graphics 2. 1 Minimize the generation of hazardous waste. Use and repair electronics for as long as possible. 2 Treat and dispose of hazardous wastes as close as possible to where they were generated. Be aware of where your recycler sends electronics. If donating to charity, make sure the program has a clear plan for recycling the electronics once they can no longer be used. Glass Plastic Iron Aluminum Copper Plastic Copper Glass Lead Zinc Tin Minor Material: Nickel Trace Material: Silver, Gold, Titanium, Platinum, Cadmium, Chromium, Mercury, Arsenic, and Others. What materials are present in electronic appliances? Cobalt or Lithium Carbon Iron Nickel Tin Minor Material: Zinc, Silver, Chromium, Tantalum, Cadmium, Lead Trace Material: Antimony, Gold, Berylium Source: UNEP 2006, Vital Waste Graphics 2; Microelectronics and Computer Technology Corporation (MCC) 1996, Electronics Industry Environmental Roadmap. Hazardous metals may seem to be only a small part of any device, but when many devices are disposed of together, this can lead to much higher concentrations, and even small concentrations of these metals are suﬃcient to have serious health impacts. Source: (above) Basel Convention 2002, Minimizing Hazardous Wastes; (right) UNEP GEO Data Portal, compiled from UNSD 941 389 Cuba 11 620 000 China 422 550 Mozambique 3 151 653 South Korea 1 169 625 Australia 7 015 908 Estonia 548 916 Malaysia 221 802 Algeria 4 517 973 Netherlands 534 199 Ireland 856 902 Austria 38 202 Bahrain North America to China e-waste Europe to Africa Europe to Asia scrapped cars, refrigerators, CFC products cable, plastic, and electronic waste Computer + Monitor Mobile Phone 1 - 0.1% < 0.1% 2003 2005 Basel Convention not ratiﬁed (The Convention regulates transboundary movement of hazardous wastes.) Countries that reported waste generation in 2005 Total Production Luxembourg 1194 Italy 1018 Sweden 980 Iceland 966 Czech Republic 965 Israel 961 Finland 910 Spain 909 Cell Phones per 100 People San Marino 91 Canada 87 Switzerland 86 Netherlands 86 Sweden 84 United States 77 United Kingdom 77 Denmark 70 Computers per 100 People Major Illegal Waste Shipment Routes Produced by UNEP/DEWA/GRID-Europe, Feb. 2009 www.unep.org Basic FA C T S

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Page 1: Harmful Substances - Hazardous Wastelakeridgesciencelamkin.weebly.com/uploads/8/2/9/1/... · Source: Basel Convention 2005, National Reporting ; UNEP 2006, Vital Waste Graphics 2

HARMFUL SUBSTANCES & HAZARDOUS WASTESHAZARDOUS WASTES

What are some of the key hazardous wastes?

Which countries produce the most hazardous waste?

How can we reduce the impacts of hazardous waste?

Total Hazardous Waste Production (2005)metric tons

Clinical Wastes

ConstructionAsbestos

Electronics(e-waste)

ArsenicPCB chemicalsCadmiumLeadMercuryChromium

Pesticides

Source: Basel Convention 2002, Minimizing Hazardous Wastes: A Simplified Guide to the Basel Convention

CyanidePOP chemicals

IndustryStrong Acids and

Alkalis

196 844Ecuador

Source: Basel Convention 2005, National Reporting ; UNEP 2006, Vital Waste Graphics 2.

1 Minimize the generation of hazardous waste.Use and repair electronics for as long as possible.

2 Treat and dispose of hazardous wastes as close as possible to where they were generated.Be aware of where your recycler sends electronics. If donating to charity, make sure the program has a clear plan for recycling the electronics once they can no longer be used.

Glass Plastic Iron Aluminum Copper

Plastic Copper Glass

Lead Zinc Tin

Minor Material: Nickel Trace Material: Silver, Gold, Titanium, Platinum, Cadmium, Chromium, Mercury, Arsenic, and Others.

What materials are present in electronic appliances?

Coba

lt or

Lit

hium

Carb

Iron

Nick

elTi

Minor Material: Zinc, Silver, Chromium, Tantalum, Cadmium, Lead Trace Material: Antimony, Gold, BeryliumSource: UNEP 2006, Vital Waste Graphics 2; Microelectronics and Computer Technology Corporation (MCC) 1996, Electronics Industry Environmental Roadmap.

Hazardous metals may seem to be only a small part of any device, but when many devices are disposed of together, this can lead to much higher concentrations, and even small concentrations of these metals are su�cient to have serious health impacts.

Source: (above) Basel Convention 2002, Minimizing Hazardous Wastes; (right) UNEP GEO Data Portal, compiled from UNSD

941 389Cuba

11 620 000China

422 550Mozambique

3 151 653South Korea

1 169 625Australia

7 015 908Estonia

548 916Malaysia221 802

Algeria

4 517 973Netherlands

534 199Ireland

856 902Austria