harnessing renewable technology to reduce the energy footprint of...
TRANSCRIPT
Harnessing Renewable Technology to
Reduce the Energy Footprint of Water
Hassan A. ArafatDirector, Center for Membrane and Advanced Water Technology
Khalifa University of Science and Technology Abu Dhabi, UAE
1st EU-GCC Regional Workshop on Addressing the Water-Energy Nexus Through
Integrated Approaches and Regional Cooperation
April 24 – 25, 2019
Muscat, Oman
Global power generation: 2013 vs. 2030
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
2013: 23,300 TWh/year REmap: 38,000 TWh/year
Perc
en
tag
e (
%)
Natural gas Oil Coal NuclearHydropower Solid biofuel Biogas Solar PVWind Geothermal Ocean CSP
Source: IRENA, 2016a
RE
Future water supply for the MENA region
under the Business as Usual (BaU) Scenario
Source: World Bank, 2012.
The CSP potential of the MENA region estimated to be 462,000 TWh annually;
~350 times greater than the region’s annual energy consumption (as of 2012).
Pathways for RE integration with desalination
technologies
Renewable energy resources
Geothermal
Electricity
RO
MVC
ED
Heat
TVC
MED
MSF
Solar
PV
Electricity
RO
MVC
ED
Solar Thermal
Heat
TVC
MED
MSF
Shaft
RO
MVC
ED
Electricity
RO
MVC
Wind
Shaft
RO
MVC
Electricity
RO
MVC
ED
Sources: Al-Karaghouli & Kazmerski, 2011; IRENA, 2015a.
Pathways for RE integration with desalination technologies
Sources: Al-Karaghouli & Kazmerski, 2011; IRENA, 2015a.
Technical Capacity
(m3/d)
Energy Demand
(kWh/m3)Development Stage
Solar stills < 0.1 Solar passive Application
Solar-Multiple
EffectHumidification
1-100thermal: 100
electrical: 1.5R&D; Application
Solar- MD 0.15-10 thermal: 150–200 R&D
Solar/CSP-MED > 5,000thermal: 60–70
electrical: 1.5–2R&D
PV-RO < 100electrical:
BW: 0.5–1.5; SW: 4-5R&D; Application
PV -
Electrodialysis
Reversed
< 100electrical:
only BW:3–4R&D
Wind- RO 50-2,000electrical: BW:
0.5–1.5; SW: 4–5R&D; Application
Wind- MVC < 100electrical:
only SW:11–14Basic Research
Masdar’s RE
Desalination Pilot
Program
Goals of the Program
The development and demonstration of seawater desalination technologies that:
are more energy efficient than current state-of-the-art systems;
are suitable to be powered by renewable energy sources;
are cost competitive with non-renewable energy powered seawater desalination;
have minimal environmental impact; and
are resilient in challenging seawater and environmental conditions
Organizational Structure of the Program
RFP Structure
Each of the tracks will have the same evaluation criteria, however
with different weight factors.
Advanced desalination
technologies
Innovative desalination
technologies
Membranes
Thermal
Others
Membranes
Thermal
Others
The request for technology development proposal for RE
desalination pilot plants (RFP) was divided to two tracks:
Selection Process
Project Implementation
The demonstration included 4 pilot plants located in Ghantoot, Abu Dhabi.
Masdar implemented the program in close collaboration with the Abu Dhabi governmental agencies in the water sector.
The 4 pilot plants demonstrated different advanced and innovative desalination technologies.
Site Photos
Abengoa
desalination
pilot plant
Trevi
Systems
desalination
pilot plant
Suez
desalination
pilot plant
Veolia
desalination
pilot plant
Off-grid Solar Desalination without Energy
Storage
Pilot Program Schedule
Each pilot plant was operated over 18 months.
During the first 12 months the plants had to demonstrate performance and reliability.
A 6 month optimization period followed, enabling the testing and demonstration under less stringent reliability requirements.
Months 1 - 2
End of 2nd
monthMonth 3
Months 4 - 12
End of 12th
Month
Months 13 -18
InitialSet-up
AcceptanceTest
AvailabilityTest
Operation Period
CompletionTest
Optimization Period
Benefits for Participating Companies
Opportunity to develop advanced and innovative desalination technology and IP with co-financing and support from Masdar.
Opportunity to demonstrate the developed desalination technology on the ground.
Opportunity to implement a reference project in a region that accounts for nearly 50% of global desalination capacity and establish or fortify a strong commercial footprint.
Opportunity to become one of the developers of future large-scale renewable energy driven desalination plants in the UAE or abroad.
Outcome and Planned Future Steps
The Pilot plants showed very promising results and lived up to
expectations.
Masdar is planning to build on their initial piloting activities, by:
Inviting more companies to develop, demonstrate and test
advanced desalination technology and renewable powered
solutions in the field in Abu Dhabi
Address water remediation issues in Abu Dhabi’s oil and gas
sectors
Address opportunities for small-scale renewable energy driven
water treatment systems for remote areas
ku.ac.ae
Thank You
Prof. Hassan A. ArafatCenter for Membrane & Advanced Water
Technology
Khalifa University
Abu Dhabi, UAE
+(971) 2 810-9119
www.ku.ac.ae
ku.ac.ae
5th pilot plant in Ghantoot.
Provided by Mascara Nouvelles Technologies (a French start up).
Fully PV powered (30 kWp), very limited use of batteries.
Ability to operate under varying solar irradiance.
Accompanying research at MI on active cooling technologies for PV.
Average water production capacity: 30 m3/d.
Off-grid Solar Desalination without Energy Storage
~30 kWp ~30 m3/d
ku.ac.ae
Advanced desal technologies (dark: high weight)
Evaluation
Criteria
Quantifiable criteria Non-quantifiable criteria
− Cost of produced water [AED/m3]
− Technology specific energy
intensity
o Thermal [kWh/m3]
o Electric [kWh/m3]
− Size of proposed pilot plant
− Amount of co-financing provided
− Projected development outlook
o Cost
o Energy footprint
− Potential for industrial application
(bankability, references)
− Robustness & reliability
− Innovativeness, potential for
technological breakthroughs
− Suitability for coupling with RE
sources
− Environmental impact of brine
discharge (salt concentration,
chemicals, heat)
− Support to Masdar Institute of
Science and Technology
ku.ac.ae
Innovative desal technologies (dark: high weight)
Evaluation Criteria
Quantifiable criteria Non-quantifiable criteria
− Cost of produced water [AED/m3]
− Technology specific energy
intensity
o Thermal [kWh/m3]
o Electric [kWh/m3]
− Size of proposed pilot plant
− Amount of co-financing provided
− Projected development outlook
o Cost
o Energy footprint
− Potential for industrial application
(bankability, references)
− Robustness & reliability
− Innovativeness, potential for
technological breakthroughs
− Suitability for coupling with RE
sources
− Environmental impact of brine
discharge (salt concentration,
chemicals, heat)
− Support to Masdar Institute of
Science and Technology