harvard for health and social care

8/2/2019 Harvard for Health and Social Care

1/25

School of Health and Social Care

Harvard Citing and Referencing Guide

Guide to citing and referencing source material in assignments

Terry OSullivanPrincipal Lecturer

Kevin CooperAcademic Subject Librarian

11/12


2/25

2


3/25

3

Harvard Citing and Referencing Guide

Contents

Introduction

Using the Harvard System 5Why use a referencing system? 5Why the Harvard System? 5

The Basics Explained

Collecting and logging references 6Quoting and paraphrasing 6In-text citations 6Page numbers 6The reference list 7Hierarchy of sources 7Slideshow 7Refworks 7Cannot find what you need 7

In-text Citation

Single author 8Two authors 8More than two authors 8Chapter in an edited book 9Multiple citations 9Quoting 9Paraphrasing 10Secondary referencing 11Website citations 12Personal Communication 13

The Reference List

Book 14Edited book 14Chapter in edited book 15e-book 15Reference book 16Journal article 16Internet journals 16Websites 17Professional magazines 17Newspaper articles 17Government Publications 18A thesis or dissertation 18TV and radio broadcasts 19Films and commercial video 19Podcasts 20Personal communication 20

Lectures 21

Example Reference List 22

Acknowledgements 24

Index 25


4/25

4


5/25

5

Introduction

The purpose of this guide is to provide a consistent approach to citing andreferencing sources in assignments across the School of Health and SocialCare. The guide sets out to promote good academic practices based onprinciples of good scholarship. These principles include,

Properly acknowledge all sources that you use in your assignment. Give enough information so that the reader is able to find the sources

for themselves if they wish.

The Guide is divided into four sections

Introduction

Basics Explained In-text citations Reference List Entries

Using the Harvard System

A reference to source material should contain sufficient information to allowyou and your readers to trace material to its original source. It is veryimportant to be consistent and accurate when citing references. The sameset of rules should be followed every time you cite a reference. The School ofHealth & Social Carerequires you to use the Harvard System for all your

academic work.

Why use a referencing system?

A formal system of referencing is necessary to acknowledge the work of otherwriters in a standard way and to demonstrate the body of knowledge that youhave based your work on. During your studies you will often refer to workwritten by others. You must properly reference your sources and failure to doso, gives the impression you are presenting their ideas as yours. Hence, notreferencing your sources is the academic offence of 'plagiarism', which isdefined as the unacknowledged use of the work of others.

Why the Harvard System?

A standard system makes it easier to trace sources efficiently. There are anumber of systems for referencing but the School uses the Harvard System.This system was developed in the USA and it has become internationally themost common system in use. It is sometimes called the author/date system aswell.

The Harvard System has the advantages of flexibility, simplicity, clarity andease of use for both author and reader. References are listed alphabetically ina Reference Listand cited in the text by simply giving the authors surnameand date of publication.


6/25

6

The Basics Explained

This section gives an overview of the basic aspects of citing and referencingwhich are explained in more detailed later.

Collecting and logging references:

When you begin to collect information, you should develop a systematicmethod for recording the source of the material. Before starting yourassignment you will read relevant sources that you have found and makenotes. When doing this, for each note you make, routinely log where youfound the idea, including the page number and record whether it is a directquote, a paraphrase or an idea. Also make sure you have the full reference tobooks before you return them to the library and write the full reference of the

source on any photocopies you make. This will not only help you compileyour Reference List, but will help you locate the item again.

Quoting, paraphrasing, summarising and using the ideas of others

Quoting is when you use the exact words of the author. Paraphrasing is whenyou express what the author has written using different words, usually to bemore succinct or to adapt it to fit with your assignment. Summarising usuallyinvolves concisely outlining what the author has said about a particular topicor subject. Sometimes you may wish to use an authors idea or concept inyour assignment.

In-text citations

In-text citations are the way you acknowledge in your assignment that you aredrawing from the work of others. All statements, opinions, conclusions, ideasetc. taken from another author's work should be acknowledged, whether thework is directly quoted, paraphrased or summarised. To enable the reader tofind the full reference in the Reference List, citations in the text should give theauthor's surname name with the year of publication and page number, ifrelevant. Where the authors name appears naturally in the sentence, thepublication year and page number, if relevant, are given in brackets after the

authors name. In all other cases, the authors surname, publication year andpage number, if relevant, are given in brackets.

Page numbers

In-text citations for all direct quotes should give the relevant page numbers.In-text citations for paraphrases should also give the page number of thesource sentence/s. When you are referring to a published text in general orsummarising the main argument of a book, chapter or journal article, givingthe page number does not apply as there is no specific page number to give.Giving page numbers enables readers to trace the sources for themselves,

which is one of the central purposes of citing and referencing sourcematerials.


7/25

7

The reference list

A Reference Listgives a detailed description of the sources you have referredto in your assignment. All the references should be listed in alphabetical order

by author's surname at the end of your assignment in a Reference List. Allsources, no matter what their origin, should be in one alphabetical list. Thatis, you should not divide the list in sections (books, journals etc.). Includeonly those sources you actually referred to in your assignment.

Hierarchy of sources

This guide gives guidance on how to reference a wide variety of sources.Although there will be occasions and circumstances when each of these canbe appropriately used, generally sources are not considered to have equalvalue in providing support for arguments and analysis in assignments.

Generally academic journals are at the top of the list, providing the mostvaluable source of support, while at the bottom would be websites and lecturenotes. In appropriate places the guide gives advice about theappropriateness or otherwise of the various kinds of sources that potentiallycould be used in assignments.

Slideshow

You can find a slideshow giving an 'Overview of Harvard Referencing' on theBlackboard Social Work Subject Site. Go the Blackboard enter the 'SocialWork Subject Site' and click on the 'Study Skills' menu and you will find theslideshow in the 'Harvard Referencing' folder.

Refworks

If you want to use 'Refworks', the online personal bibliographic managementtool, to generate your 'Reference List', use the Harvard (University of Lincoln)output style. This will generate a Reference List very similar to the Health andSocial Care Harvard Stylegiven in this Guide.

Cannot find what you need

In this guide you will find all the types of sources you are likely to use. If thereis a type of source that you want to refer to that is not included, you can referto the University's 'Complete Guide to Harvard Referencing'. You can find thison the Portal if you follow these links.

Portal/ Services /library /help guides /learning development help guides.

You will find the 'Complete Guide' under 'Referencing and Plagiarism'.


8/25

8

In-text Citation

Generally speaking in-text citations contain three pieces of information,author's surname, date of publication and page number where appropriate.

Single author

Spencer (2006: 52) suggests, the proliferation of new and expandedroles and responsibilities for nurses [] requires a correspondinggrowth in academic provision.

In a recent study Hendrick (2003: 241) found poverty has often beencharacterised by hidden misery, violence and psychologicaldisturbance.

or

Poverty has often been characterised by hidden misery, violence andpsychological disturbance (Hendrick, 2003: 241).

When an author has published more than one cited document in the sameyear these are distinguished by adding lower case letters after the year ofpublication within the brackets.

Munro (2002a:107) argues that children in public care are vulnerable toa failure of active decision making.

Two authors

Give both surnames names linked by and.

Assessment forms an integral part of the social work process (Parkerand Bradley, 2003:8).

The introduction of changes in the 1990s brought GPs within budgetarycontrol measures for hospital and community services (Moon andNorth, 2000: 84).

More than two authors

Give the first name only, followed by et al (the Latin for and others)

Payne et al (1998:23) highlight the difficulties of grasping social workvalues and ethics.

There has been a significant rise in demand for our-of-hours services(Rogers et al, 1999: 34).


9/25

9

Chapter in an edited book

The in-text citation of a chapter in an edited book such as Critical Practice inSocial Workedited by Adams, Dominelli and Payne is the author of thechapter and the publication date of the edited book. The in-text citation for the

following quote from Chapter 11, Fostering and Adoption by Helen CosisBrown would be,

Fostering and Adoption are two separate areas of practice governedby separate legislation and policy." (Brown, 2002:106)

The entry in the Reference Listwould be, as explained on page 16,Brown, H. C. (2002) Fostering and Adoption in R. Adams, L. Dominelli andM. Payne (eds) Critical Practice in Social Work, Basingstoke: Palgrave, pp.106-115.

Multiple citations

If more than one source is referred to within a sentence to back up an idea,list the sources in alphabetical order by authors surname, with the sourcesseparated by a semi colon.

Undertaking an assessment demands the sensitive consideration ofethnic background (Coulshed and Orme, 1998:31; Cournoyer,1991:77).

Quoting

Quotations from a published work should be used sparingly. When quotingdirectly use quotation marks as well as acknowledging the author's name,year of publication and page number of the quote in brackets.

Short quotations (e.g. up to 2 lines) can be included in the body of the text:-

Bagley (2000) argues that the level of abuse from adult recall studiesmay be incorrect, as "only those with stable lifestyles are located inthese surveys (p.172).

Direct quotes of more than two lines in length should be separated out fromyour own text as shown in the example below. Note the space above andbelow the quote and the quote itself is indented. While assignments have 1.5line spacing, the quote itself is single-spaced.


10/25

10

Example

There is therefore a clear need to avoid making the assumption that womens

role as carers are natural or that men are not cut out for caring. As Fisher(1994) argues, the assumption that men will find caring difficult:

Allows service providers to cite the carers masculine gender asevidence of the need for service. It allows the myth of theincompetent man to be reproduced, and to be imposed on malecarers and on care receivers. (Fisher, 1994: 673)

Patriarchal ideology is therefore very significant in relation to caring roles and

something that we should be very wary of reinforcing.

Longer quotations like the one below should be used very infrequently.

Most people would prefer to die in their own home and evenwhen people die in a hospital or hospice most of their care willtake place in their own homes with the help and unpaid workof their close family and friends (lay carers). People who dieat home will normally do so as the result of a long-term illness,often marked by persistent and distressing symptoms. (Taylorand Field, 1997:175)

Use three dots (), called an ellipsis, to indicate when you shorten aquotation by omitting part of it

All too often clinicians work under a veil of ignorance. (Little, 1995:65)

Sometimes you need to add one or two words to make the quotation readcorrectly. Do this by putting the added word or words in square brackets.

In spite of the varying estimates produced, there can be no doubt thatthere is a large base group of children who have been, or are being,maltreated [and] only a fraction of them are being reported tochild protection practitioners. (Creighton, 1995: 19)

Paraphrasing

Paraphrasing is where you repeat what the author has written using differentwords, usually to shorten or adapt it to fit your assignment. A paraphraseusually picks out the key point/s or succinctly states what the authorsargument is. When paraphrasing you still need to acknowledge where you

found the ideas by using an in-text citation. There are two forms of in-text


11/25

11

citation for paraphrases of an author's work. Firstly, when you use theauthors name in the sentence, as in,

Murphy and Harbin (2000:7) highlight the trend of substance misusehaving a negative impact on the willingness and ability of parents to co-

operate with social workers.

Secondly, when you do not use the authors name in the actual sentence, asin,

The comparatively young age of the children may reflect the success ofinitiatives to address permanence planning earlier (Sargent, 2003:50).

As stated above, it is good practice for the in-text citation for a paraphrase togive the page number of the paraphrased sentence/s. However you obviouslydo not give the page numbers when you are referring to a published text in

general or summarising the main argument/s of a whole book, chapter orjournal article. For example,

Although Skeates and Jabris (1988) report was a positive interventioninto the debate, 1988 was also the year that section 28 of the LocalGovernment Act was made law in Great Britain, remaining on thestatute in Scotland until 2000 and in England and Wales until 2003.

Secondary referencing

A source that you have not read but have found referred to in another work isknown as a secondary reference. For example, you might read in Crawfordand Walker (2003: 17).

Paul Baltes (1987) developed seven theoretical proportions of life-spandevelopmental psychology.

Secondary referencing is when you refer to the work of an author you havenot read (for example Paul Baltes) cited in a source you have read (forexample Crawford and Walker, 2003: 17) and the primary source (PaulBaltes) is not available for you to read. Secondary referencing should be

avoided if at all possible. You should get a copy of the primary source anduse that as your information source. If you have not got access to the primarysource but really need to refer to it in your assignment, you should give an in-text citation of the primary source and the source you have read. Forexample,

Human development is plastic, is one of the seven theoreticalpropositions proposed by Paul Baltes (1987, cited in Crawford andWalker, 2003: 17).

In your Reference List, ensure that it is only the source you have read that is

listed. This would be 'Crawford and Walker' in the above example.


12/25

12

Website citations

You need to remember that the purpose of all in-text citations is to provide akey to the Reference Listwhere the full details can be found. The whole pointis to have minimum information in the text. You need to particularly remember

this with in-text citations for websites and webpages. To illustrate this, find thefull reference to (Mapstone, 2006) and (BAAF, undated) in the Reference Liston pages 23-24. You will see that these two sources are in fact websites.These two examples clearly show how the in-text citations are only a key tofinding the full information in List of References.

If the website or pages has a named author, use this as the in-text citation,together with the year of publication or last revision/updating.

The BASW website states that there is a great deal of variation acrossthe country and the government proposals would a least contribute to

creating a more level playing field (Mapstone, 2006).

It is not uncommon for there to be no individual/s identified as the author/s.When this is the case use the publisher or maintainer of the site with the yearof publication or last revision/updating. When websites have no date - whichis not uncommon - put (undated) instead of the date. The following in-textcitation to the British Association of Adoption and Fostering(BAAF) website,illustrates both of these points

"In practice, this means that the child is no longer the responsibility ofthe local authority, and the special guardian will have more clearresponsibility for all day-to day decisions about caring for the child oryoung person, and for taking important decisions about theirupbringing, for example, their education." (BAAF, undated)

It you have difficulty identifying the organisation, look at the home page andthe first part of the web address which will usually give a strong indication ofthe publisher or maintainer of the site.

When the maintainer of the website remains unknown, use the title of thepage or site as the point of reference. For example,

"Most patients find it helpful simply to talk about their worries topeople who understand." (Kidney Patient Guide, 2000)

Remember the in-text citation is only a key to find the full reference in theReference List. The full references to all the in-text citation in this section canbe found on pages 23 and 24.


13/25

13

Personal Communication

The citation of personal communications should be used sparingly. You needto decide whether or not it is appropriate to give the actual name of the

person. You should only use their name with their permission. When givingthe persons name, give their surname, the type of communication and theyear of the communication. When not giving their name, give their occupationor role, the type of communication and the year of the communication.

Examples,

Gina Hardesty (personal communication, 2007) stated that service users feelthere were still many barriers to service user involvement to overcome.

A Super Group member stated that service users feel there were still many

barriers to service user involvement to overcome (Super Group member,personal communication, 2007).

Service users feel there are still many barriers to service user involvement toovercome (Hardesty, personal communication, 2007).

Service users feel there are still many barriers to service user involvement toovercome (Super Group member, personal communication, 2007).


14/25

14

The Reference List

The Reference Listshould appear at the end of your assignment. Referencesshould be listed in alphabetical order by author's name and then by date(earliest first), and then, if more than one item has been published by thesame author during a specific year, by letter (2001a, 2001b etc). Wheneverpossible details should be taken from the title page of the publication and notfrom the front cover, which may be different.

Authored books

Include the following information.

Author(s), editor(s) or the organisation responsible for writing the

book.

Year of publication of that edition (in brackets) ignore any reprints

Title and subtitle (if any) in italics

Edition if not the first

Place of publication (if more than one listed used the first)

Publisher

A book by a single author:

Wilkinson, J. M. (2001) Nursing Process and Critical Thinking ThirdEdition, New Jersey: Prentice Hall.

A book by two authors:

Crawford, K. and Walker, J. (2003) Social Work and HumanDevelopment, Exeter: Learning Matters.

A book by more than two authors:

Colton, M., Sanders, R. and Williams, M. (2001) An Introduction toWorking with Children, Basingstoke: Palgrave.

An edited book

Details of how to reference 'a chapter' in an edited book are given under thenext heading. However, if you are referring to the collection as a whole, thereference will be similar to other books with (ed.) and (eds.) inserted after theeditors name/s. For example,

Burgess, H. and Taylor, I. (eds.) (2005) Effective Learning and

Teaching in Social Policy and Social Work, Abingdon: RoutledgeFalmer.


15/25

15

A chapter in an edited book:

In an edited book, each chapter has a different author and it is the author ofthe chapter that is cited. The entry in your Reference Listneeds to include the

following information in the order shown.

McKeown, T. (1998) The role of medicine: dream, mirage or nemesis?in L. Mackay, K. Soothill and K. Melia (eds) Classic Texts in HealthCare, Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, pp. 31-4.

Author(s) or the organisation responsible for writing the chapter.

Year of publication of the edited book (in brackets)

Chapter Title in single quote marks

The word in

The editor or editors name/s followed by (ed.) or (eds.)

Book Title and subtitle (if any) in italics

Edition if not the first.

Place of publication (if more than one listed use the first)

Publisher

Page numbers of chapter

e-book

Author/Editor surname, initial.

Year of publication (in brackets)

Title (in italics)

Edition (if not the first)

[e-book]

Place of publication (if more than one listed, use the first)

Publisher

Burr, V. (2003) Social Constructionism, Second Edition, [e-book] London:

Routlege.


16/25

16

Reference book

Generally this type of material does not have a named author or editor and itis acceptable to refer to the publication by its title.

Charities Digest 2003(2003) 109th

edition. London: WaterlowProfessional Publishing.

Journal articles


Author(s) of the article


Title of the articles in single quote marks.

Title of the journal, in italics,

Volume and part number (in brackets)

Page numbers of the article

Smith, D. (2005) Probation and Social Work, British Journal of SocialWork, 35(5): 621-637.

Bryant, L. (1998) Scholarly dialogue: The ontology of the discipline ofnursing, Nursing Science Quarterly, 11(4): 145-148.

Journal articles accessed electronically (A to Z of Journals)

Most journals are now available on-line as well as in hard copy. The on-lineversion will be exactly the same as the hard copy with the same pagenumbers. Such journals articles accessed electronically through, for example,the A to Z of Journalsare referenced in the same way as the hard copyabove.

Burnett, A and Peel, M. (2001) 'Health needs of asylum seekers andrefuges', British Medical Journal, 322(7285): 544-547.

Internet journals (only published on the interact)

Currently there are no definitive definitions but here the term internet journalwill be used to refer to journals only available online, have no paperequivalent and tend to have open access. One such journal is Critical SocialWork. Internet journals are referenced in a similar way to other journals butwith additional information about the electronic source.

Author(s) Year of publication (in brackets)


17/25

17

Title of article in single quote marks

Journal title in italics, Volume and (part number) in brackets

Page/s (if appropriate).

[Online],

Available from: URL [Accessed: date]

Webb, S. A. (2000) The Politics of Social Work: Power andSubjectivity Critical Social Work, 1(2), [Online], Available from:http://www.criticalsocialwork.com/units/socialwork/critical.nsf/982f0e5f06b5c9a285256d6e006cff78/6d7d850590867c4d85256ea700524df3?OpenDocument [Accessed: 2nd March 2006].

Websites

There are a number of ways of citing work from the Internet. A style that fitswith the Harvard System has been chosen in order to maintain consistency. Itis important to give the date when the information was accessed, as websitesmay be updated on a regular basis.

Include the following information:

Author/Organisation (see page 13)

Year of publication, revision, updating or undated (in brackets)

Title in italics

[Online], Place of publication (if known),

Publisher/maintainer of site.

Available from: URL

[Accessed: date]

BBC News (2005) Yahoo in $1bn Chinese online deal[Online],London, BBC Online. Available from:http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4140834.stm [Accessed 11thAugust 2005].

Professional magazine

Professional magazines such as Community Careor Professional SocialWorkare set out in the following way.

Hopkins, G. (2005) A clean break with the past, Community Care,Issue 1569: 21-27, April pp. 42-43.

Newspaper article

Dowden, R. (2006) Thousands of child 'witches' turned onto the streetsto starve, The Observer, Sunday, February 12, p.8.


18/25

18

If no author name is given then the name of the newspaper should be giveninstead. In text citation would be (The Guardian, 2006)

The Guardian(2006) MPs can make poverty history, ThursdayJanuary 19, p.27.

Government publications

In broad terms White Papers contain statements of Government policy whileGreen Papers put forward proposals for consideration and public discussion.They are cited in the same way.

A White Paper

Department of Health (1996) Choice and Opportunity: primary care: the

future, Cm. 3390 London: Stationery Office.

A Green Paper

Department of Health (1998) Our Healthier Nation: a contract forhealth, Cm. 3854 London: Stationery Office.

Government Guidance

Department of Health (1991) The Children Act Guidance and Regulations Vol.

9 Adoption Issues, London: HMSO.

Acts of Parliament

Acts of Parliament are referenced by citing the title and including the chapternumber for clarity. Acts are organised numerically throughout the year and thechapter number in this context is the number of the Act passed that year.

Include the following information:

Title of the act including the date- all in italics

The chapter number of the Act (in brackets)

Place of publication

Publisher

The Children Act 2004(c.145) London: HMSO.

A thesis or dissertation:


Author


19/25

19


Title and subtitle (if any) in italics

Place of publication, if known

The word Unpublished' Type of work (dissertation or thesis)

Institution

Hine, W. (2002) An investigation to explore social work students'understanding of an anti-oppressive approach and the barriers that canimpede effective practice when working with the disabled society.Unpublished BA (Hons) dissertation, University of Lincoln.

Television and radio broadcasts


Programme title italics

Year of production (in brackets)

Channel

Date of Transmission

[medium: format].

Care House(2003) London. CH4. 25th November 2003, 21.00 hrs.[DVD].

Film or commercial video


Title italics

Year (in brackets)

Subsidiary originator. (Optional but director is preferred note the

director's name is not written surname first)

Place of production,

Organisation.

[Medium:format].

One Flew Over The Cuckoos Nest. (1975) Milos Forman. New York:Polygram [film: DVD].


20/25

20

Podcasts

Broadcaster

(year)

Name of podcast

[podcast] Organisation/publisher responsible

Day and month of podcast

Available from: web address

[date accessed]

Taylor, L. (2011) 'Thinking Allowed: Goths and 'Chavs'' [podcast] BBC Radio 4Wednesday 29 JuneAvailable from: http://www.bbc.co.uk/podcasts/series/ta/all[Accessed 1 July 2011]

Personal Communication

The citation of personal communications should be used sparingly. You needto decide whether or not it is appropriate to give the actual name of theperson. Only give the person's name with their permission. When you aregiving the name of the person include the following information.

Surname and initial of the person you have citedYear of communication in bracketsTheir occupation or role

A title in italics (the topic of the personal communication)Type of communication in square bracketsWho the communication was addressed toExact date of the communication in square brackets

Example layout

Hardesty, G. (2007) SUPA Group Member, Service User Involvement,[personal communication] to T. O'Sullivan, [22 May 2007].

When you are not including the name of the person include the following

information,

Their occupation or roleYear of communication in bracketsA title in italics (the topic of the personal communication)Type of communication in square bracketsWho the communication was addressed toExact date of the communication in square brackets

Example layout

SUPA Group Member (2007) Service User Involvement, [personalcommunication] to T. O'Sullivan, [22 May 2007].


21/25

21

Lectures

When you want to use the work of an author that a lecturer has referred to in alecture you need to follow the seconding referencing advice on page 12. This

states you need to locate the primary source and use that as your source ofinformation. If the original source is unavailable and it is imperative that youruse this idea, you should follow the secondary referencing convention. Forexample, the in-text citation (Carson, 1995: 74 cited in O'Sullivan, 2010) withthe entry in the Reference List,

OSullivan, T. (2010) Analysing Options, SOW3006M Lecture 7,Friday 12th November.

in your Reference List.

If it is the lecturers own ideas you want to use, cite the lecture as yourreference source. Keep references to lectures down to a minimum and avoidit you can. However, if you do use the lecturers ideas as a source ofinformation you should have an in-text citation, for example, (O'Sullivan, 2010)and include the lecture in your Reference List. Include the lecturers name,title of the lecture, module code, lecture number and date of the lecture asbelow.

OSullivan, T. (2010) Analysing Options, SOW3006M, Lecture 7,Friday 12th November.


22/25

22

Example Reference List

Reference List

BAAF (undated) Special Guardianship[online], London, British Association of

Adoption and Fostering. Available from:http://www.baaf.org.uk/info/lpp/special/index.shtml [Accessed: 22 April 2006].

Brown, H. C. (2002) Fostering and Adoption in R. Adams, L. Dominelli andM. Payne (eds) Critical Practice in Social Work, Basingstoke: Palgrave, pp.106-115.

Bryant, L. (1998) Scholarly dialogue: The ontology of the discipline ofnursing, Nursing Science Quarterly, 11(4): 145-148.

Burgess, H. and Taylor, I. (eds.) (2005) Effective Learning and Teaching in

Social Policy and Social Work, Abingdon: Routledge Falmer.

Burnett, A and Peel, M. (2001) 'Health needs of asylum seekers and refuges',British Medical Journal, 322(7285): 544-547.

Colton, M., Sanders, R. and Williams, M. (2001) An Introduction to Workingwith Children, Basingstoke: Palgrave.

Crawford, K. and Walker, J. (2003) Social Work and Human Development,Exeter: Learning Matters.

Hopkins, G. (2005) A clean break with the past, Community Care, Issue1569: 21-27, April pp. 42-43.

Kidney Patient Guide (2000) Kidney Patient Guide[online], Available from:http://www.kidneypatientguide.org.uk/site/anxiety.php [Accessed: 2 May2006].

Lewis, G. (1998) Citizenship in G. Hughes (ed) Imagining Welfare Futures,London: Routledge, pp. 103-150.

Mapstone, N. (2006) BASW Response to DfES Consultation on NationalMinimum Fostering Allowance[online], Birmingham, British Association ofSocial Workers. Available From:http://www.basw.co.uk/articles.php?articleId=464 [Accessed: 3 May 2006].

Moon, G. and North, N. (2000) Policy and Place: General Medical Practice inthe UK, Basingstoke: Macmillan.

Murphy, M. and Harbin, F. (2000) Background and current context ofsubstance misuse and child care, in F. Harbin and M. Murphy (eds)Substance Misuse and Child Care, Lyme Regis: Russell House Publishing,

pp. 1-8.


23/25

23

OSullivan, T. (2006) Uncertainty and Decision Analysis, SCW182 Lecture 7,8 June.

Rogers, A., Hassell, K. and Nicolass, G. (1999) Demanding Patients?Analysing the Use of Primary Care, Buckingham: Open University Press.

Sargent, S. (2003) Adoption and Looked After Children: a comparison of legalinitiatives on the UK and the USA, Adoption and Fostering, 27(2): 44-52.

Skeates, J. and Jabri, D. (1988) Fostering and Adoption by Lesbians and GayMen, London: London Strategic Policy Unit.

Smith, D. (2005) Probation and Social Work, British Journal of Social Work,35(5): 621-637.

Spencer, R. (2006) Nurses, midwives and health visitors perceptions of the

impact of higher education on professional practice, Nurse Education Today,26: 45-53.

Taylor, L. (2011) 'Thinking Allowed: Goths and 'Chavs'' [podcast] BBC Radio 4Wednesday 29 JuneAvailable from: http://www.bbc.co.uk/podcasts/series/ta/all[Accessed 1 July 2011]

Webb, S. A. (2000) The Politics of Social Work: Power and SubjectivityCritical Social work, 1(2), [Online], Available from:http://www.criticalsocialwork.com/units/socialwork/critical.nsf/982f0e5f06b5c9a285256d6e006cff78/6d7d850590867c4d85256ea700524df3?OpenDocument [Accessed: 2nd March 2006].

Wilkinson, J. M. (2001) Nursing Process and Critical Thinking Third Edition,New Jersey: Prentice Hall.


24/25

24

If you require further assistance or guidance with referencing please contactyour academic subject librarian Kevin CooperEmail: [email protected]: 01482 311682

Acknowledgment is given to the use of the following sources in thecompilation of this guide

British Standards Institution (1990) BS5605:1990Recommendations for Citingand Referencing Published Material, Milton Keynes: BSI.

Learning Support Services (2002) Quote, Unquote: The Harvard Style ofReferencing Third Editon, Leeds: Leeds Metropolitan University.

Shields, G. and Walton, G. (1995) Cite Them Right: How To Organise

Bibliographic References Third Edition, Newcastle: University of Northumbria.

University of Surrey(2005) Harvard Referencing: A Guide for EHIMSStudents, [online] Available from:http://portal.surrey.ac.uk/portal/page?_pageid=734,205496&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL [Accessed 27th February 2006].


25/25

Index

Books, 8, 9, 14-16,Edited book 14Single author 8

Two authors 8More than two authors 8Chapter in an edited book 9,15e-book 15Reference book 16

Cannot find what you want 7Dissertation 18DVD 19Government Publications 18Hierarchy of sources 7Internet journals 16

In-text citations 6, 8Journal articles 16Lectures 21Magazines 17Multiple citations 9Newspaper articles 17Paraphrasing 10, 6Personal Communication 13, 20Podcasts, 20Professional magazines 17Quoting 6, 9Radio broadcasts 19Reference list 7, 14Refworks 7Secondary referencing 11Slideshow 7Summarising 6Thesis or dissertation 18TV broadcasts 19Websites 12, 17

harvard for health and social care

Documents