HISTORY 1958

ISLAM AND ETHNICITY: CONFERENCE COURSE

Professor Terry Martin

CGIS N-262 Bowie-Vernon Room Office Hrs. Tu, Th 11:15-12:15Tu 2-4 CGIS S-328 e-mail: martin11@fas.harvard.edu

Course Description

Examines the relationship between Islamic religious identity and ethnic identity in the Russian, Ottoman, and Indian empires and their successor states. Inquires into what extent Islam can substitute for, reinforce, or undermine ethnic identity based on theoretical and historical works.

Requirements/Grading

Ideas 20% Weekly submission of an idea in response to the readings (c. 250 words). Due Monday 4 p.m. (9 outof 11 weeks).

Class Participation 15% Active participation in class discussion.

Class presentations 30% Each person will take part in two team presentations (c. 3 person teams) on an assigned issue and readings of

interest to class. Twenty minute presentations with c. 10-20 minute discussion. No written work. Begins week four.

Term Paper 35% Due May 18th, 4 p.m. [in my mail box in CGIS S-353]. 15-25 page paper on topic of student's choice in consultation with instructor. Schedule for topic proposal and discuss tba. Late papers graded down 1/3 of a grade (i.e. A becomes A-, etc.) for each day late; papers not accepted after May 22.

Note: Undergraduates graded by undergrad standards, graduates by graduate standards.

Web Site http://www.courses.fas.harvard.edu/~hist1958

Preliminary Schedule of Topics and Readings

Week 1 (Feb. 7) Introduction to Course

I. THEORY

Week 2 (Feb. 14) Identity, Ethnicity, Nation

Rogers Brubaker and Frederick Cooper, “Beyond Identity”, Theory and Society (2000): 1-47.James Fearon, “What is Identity (as we now use the word)?” (unpublished, 1999) [http://www.stanford.edu/~jfearon/papers/iden1v2.pdf]Ernest Gellner, Nations and Nationalism, 1-75, 137-43.Benedict Anderson, Imagined Communities, 1-46.Frederick Barth, “Ethnic Groups and Boundaries” in Hutchinson and Smith eds., Ethnicity, 75-83.

Week 3 (Feb. 21) Religion and Ethnicity

Ernest Gellner, Nations and Nationalism, 75-87, 101-09.Yuri Slezkine, The Jewish Century, 4-39.Peter van der Veer, Religious Nationalism, ix-xvi, 1-24.Anthony Marx, Faith in Nation, vii-xiii, 3-32.Francis Robinson, Islam and Muslim History in South Asia, 177-210.Bernard Lewis, The Multiple Identities of the Middle East, 3-39.

II. PRE-MODERN EMPIRE

Week 4 (Feb. 28) The Russian Empire

Andreas Kappeler, The Russian Empire, 1-13, 21-59, 114-212, 234-38.Ronald Grigor Suny, “The Empire Strikes Out” in Suny and Martin, A State of Nations, 23-66.Charles Steinwedel, “Making Social Groups, One Person at a Time,” 67-82.Robert Crews, “Empire and the Confessional State: Islam and Religious Politics in Nineteenth-Century Russia,” American Historical Review vol.108, no.1 (February 2003), 50-83. [http://www.historycooperative.org.ezp1.harvard.edu/journals/ahr/108.1/ah0103000050.html]Khodarkovsky, Jersild, Kefeli in Russia’s Orient, 9-26, 101-14, 271-91.

Week 5 (Mar. 7) The Ottoman Empire

Erik Zurcher, Turkey: A Modern History, 9-90.

Mark Mazower, The Balkans, 39-76.Bernard Lewis, The Multiple Identities of the Middle East, 40-142.Selim Deringel, The Ottomans, The Turks, and World Power Politics, 137-76.

“The Invention of Tradition as Public Image in the Late Ottoman Empire, 1808 to 1908.” URL: http://www.jstor.org.ezp2.harvard.edu/view/00104175/ap010137/01a00020/0?frame=noframe&userID=80673cc8@harvard.edu/01cc993398ec58109a431319d&dpi=3&config=jstor

“From Ottoman to Turk: Self-Image and Social Engineering in Turkey” is in the course packet.

Benedict Anderson, Imagined Communities, 83-112.

Week 6 (Mar. 14) The British Indian Empire

Sugata Bose and Ayesha Jalal, Modern South Asia, 1-101.Bernard Cohn, Colonialism and its Forms of Knowledge, 57-75. In the course packet.Cohn, An Anthropologist amond the Historians, 224-54. In the course packet.van der Veer, Religious Nationalism, 25-77.Anderson, Imagined Communities, 163-86.Ayesha Jalal, Self and Sovereignty, 139-86. In the course packet. C. A. Bayly, Origins of Nationality in South Asia, 210-37. URL:http://www.jstor.org.ezp1.harvard.edu/view/0026749x/ap020074/02a00000/0?frame=noframe&userID=80673ce1@harvard.edu/01cce4401e10789109a4608d47&dpi=3&config=jstor

III. THE COLLAPSE OF EMPIRE

Week 7 (Mar. 21) Russia, 1905-1923

Kappelar, The Russian Empire, 328-69. In the course packet. Khalid and Schafer in Suny/Martin, State of Nations, 145-90. In the course packet. tba

Week 8 (Apr. 4) Turkey, 1908-23

Zurcher, 93-165.Mazower, 77-112.tba

Week 9 (Apr. 11) India, 1905-49

Bose and Jalal, 102-66.Paul Brass, Language, Religion and Politics in North India, 119-81. In the course packet. Robinson, Islam and Muslim History, 156-76. In the course packet. Ayesha Jalal, Self and Sovereignty, 187-261. In the course packet.

IV. SUCCESSOR STATES

Week 10 (Apr. 18) The Soviet Union

Martin in Suny/Martin, State of Nations, 67-92. In the course packet. Hirsch, Edgar tbaRogers Brubaker, Nationalism Reframed, 23-54. In the course packet. Mark Saroyan, Minorities, Mullahs, and Modernity, tba.Olivier Roy, The New Central Asia, tba.Adeeb Khalid, “A Secular Islam: Nation, State, and Religion in Uzbekistan”, IJMES (2003): 573-98 URL:http://www.journals.cambridge.org.ezp1.harvard.edu/download.php?file=%2FMES%2FMES35_04%2FS0020743803000242a.pdf&code=26cf1f32a43a4dafa467b20ce538f628Fragner, tba.

Week 11 (Apr. 25) Bosnia/Turkey

Zurcher, 166-205.Mazower, 113-56.Ivo Banac in Mark Pinson, The Muslims of Bosnia-Herzogovina, 129-54. In the course packet. Sabrina Petra Ramet in Muslim Communities Reemerge, 111-38. In the course packet.Noel Malcolm, Bosnia: A Short History, 193-233. In the course packet. Ernest Gellner, “Kemalism” in Encounters with Nationalism, 81-91. In the course packet. Yakuz, tba.

Week 12 (Ma 2) India/Pakistan/Bangladesh

Jalal and Bose, 167-206.Van der Veer, tba.tba.