Have out homeworkHave out homework:

After the Test Assignment

BiomoleculesBiomolecules(Organic Molecules)(Organic Molecules)

Organic Organic Molecules: Molecules:

MUST Contain MUST Contain Carbon!!!!!Carbon!!!!!

HH220 C0 C66HH1212OO66

NaCl NaCl COCO22

Carbohydrates = Carbohydrates = Sugars Sugars Monomer:Monomer:

GlucoseGlucose

StructureStructure: : MonosaccharideMonosaccharide: Simple: Simple

glucose (Cglucose (C66HH1212OO66))

Polysaccharide:Polysaccharide:

1. 1. StarchStarch: plants make, we eat: plants make, we eat

2. 2. GlycogenGlycogen: : onlyonly animals make animals make

3. 3. CelluloseCellulose: : onlyonly plants make plants make for cell walls for cell walls

FunctionFunction: :

ENERGY!!!!!!!!ENERGY!!!!!!!!

Test to IdentifyTest to Identify: : 1.Simple: 1.Simple: Benedict’s Solution

2. Complex: Iodine2. Complex: Iodine

This molecule is . . .This molecule is . . .

• GlucoseGlucose• RiboseRibose• DextroseDextrose• FructoseFructose

Proteins do Proteins do everything!everything!

MonomerMonomer::

Amino Acids Amino Acids

StructureStructure: :

Many Many amino acids amino acids hooked together = a hooked together = a polypeptidepolypeptide

FunctionFunction: make any part : make any part of an organism; muscle of an organism; muscle contraction contraction

LastLast source of energy source of energy

Test to IdentifyTest to Identify::

Biurets Test

• Insulin Insulin – – important hormone, important hormone, composed of composed of 51 amino acids51 amino acids

• Made in the Made in the pancreaspancreas; released ; released when stimulatedwhen stimulated

• Causes cells in liver, muscle, & fat Causes cells in liver, muscle, & fat to take up to take up glucoseglucose from blood; store from blood; store it as it as glycogenglycogen in the liver and in the liver and musclemuscle

Which organic molecule?Which organic molecule?

Which organic molecule?Which organic molecule?

• Hemoglobin:Hemoglobin:

Carries oxygen in red blood cellsCarries oxygen in red blood cells

Lipids = Fats, oils, Lipids = Fats, oils, waxes and steroidswaxes and steroids

MonomerMonomer::

Fatty AcidsFatty Acids

StructureStructure: :

Many fatty acids hooked Many fatty acids hooked together in a chaintogether in a chain

FunctionFunction: :

Energy Energy storagestorage; ; insulation; and making insulation; and making cell partscell parts

Test to Identify: Test to Identify:

Brown Paper TestBrown Paper Test

Lipids are . . .Lipids are . . .

• Insoluble in water Insoluble in water

– ((nonpolar nonpolar molecules - molecules - notnot attracted by attracted by water molecules)water molecules)

• energy storage (long term)energy storage (long term)

• insulationinsulation

• protective coveringsprotective coverings

• major components of membranes that major components of membranes that surround all living cellssurround all living cells

TriglycerideTriglyceride

3 FATTY ACIDS AND A GLYCEROL3 FATTY ACIDS AND A GLYCEROL

Nucleic Acids = genetic Nucleic Acids = genetic informationinformation

MonomerMonomer: :

Nucleotides Nucleotides

StructureStructure: :

Many nucleotides Many nucleotides hooked together in hooked together in long chainslong chains

FunctionFunction: DNA and RNA: DNA and RNA

- our genetic code- our genetic code

- instructions for making - instructions for making proteins proteins

No Test No Test

Which organic molecule?Which organic molecule?

•DNADNA

• (DNA is a chain of nucleotides)(DNA is a chain of nucleotides)• nucleotide =nucleotide =

-a nitrogenous base-a nitrogenous base-a simple sugar-a simple sugar-a phosphate group-a phosphate group

Which molecule?Which molecule?

• Insoluble in water Insoluble in water

– ((nonpolar nonpolar molecules - molecules - notnot attracted by attracted by water molecules)water molecules)

• energy storage (long term)energy storage (long term)

• insulationinsulation

• protective coveringsprotective coverings

• major components of membranes that major components of membranes that surround all living cellssurround all living cells

Which organic molecule . . .Which organic molecule . . .

• Forms a polypeptideForms a polypeptide

• Examples are enzymes, insulin Examples are enzymes, insulin and hemoglobinand hemoglobin

• Chain of amino acidsChain of amino acids

Answer me this…Answer me this…

1.1. What are the functions of What are the functions of lipids?lipids?

2.2. What are three examples of What are three examples of complex carbohydrate complex carbohydrate moleculesmolecules, and where are , and where are they found?they found?

3.3. Which organic molecule’s Which organic molecule’s monomers are monomers are monosaccharidesmonosaccharides??

4.4. Which organic molecule stores Which organic molecule stores information in a information in a codecode??

5.5. Is Is starchstarch a monosaccharide or a a monosaccharide or a polysaccharide?polysaccharide?

Answer me this…Answer me this…

6. Which organic molecule provides quick energy?

7. What is the monomer of proteins?

8. Which organic molecules include enzymes, hemoglobin and insulin?

9. What is the test to identify glucose?

Word Bank:Word Bank:The Chemistry of Life The Chemistry of Life Crossword PuzzleCrossword Puzzle

• AcidsAcids• BasesBases• CarbonCarbon• EnergyEnergy• ElectronElectron• LipidsLipids

• NucleotidesNucleotides• NeutronNeutron• Nucleic Nucleic • PolysaccharidesPolysaccharides• PolymerPolymer• ProteinProtein• ProtonProton

ENZYMES!!1. A type of PROTEIN2. They speed up chemical reactions

Enzymes are Specific

A specific enzyme will fit it’s specific substrateLock and key fit

Enzymes are used over and over

Enzyme Substrate Activity Instructions

1. Get the following:a. 1 Piece of construction paperb. 1 blue hand outc. 1 pink handoutd. Scissors and glue

2. Cut out substrates first!3. Then cut out the enzymes and make the

substrate enzyme complex.4. Then cut the products, and glue them beside

the complex.5. After you have cut out and pasted all

complexes answer the 5 questions on the back of your notes from today on Enzymes