1

Having a shared vision for

sustainable resource management

Alessandra Hool, ESM Foundation, Switzerland

2

“A number of different standards have evolved

over time in response to local or industry-specific

requirements, but we are now called to serve

the needs of a globalized economy. As a result,

there has been growing interest in re-expressing

earlier work in the form of common and

universally-applicable standards.”

UNFC (2009), Foreword

3

World-wide demand for energy

Source: United Nations, 2015

4

Expected investments in power generation

technologies

Source: Bloomberg New Energy Outlook, 2017

5

Projected annual global

light duty vehicle sales

Source: Bloomberg Electric Vehicle Outlook, 2018

6

Raw materials used for energy technologies

Source: Armin Reller and Volker Zepf, University of Augsburg

Projected global metal demand forbatteries in passenger EVs

7

Source: Bloomberg Electric Vehicle Outlook, 2018

8

Demand for metals - implications across the

value chain, example electric vehicles

Source: Glencore Annual Report, 2017

9

-> A secure and clean raw materials supply

base is the prerequisite to ensure global

access to clean energy and mobility

10

Source: US National Research Council (2008)

Assessing raw materials criticality

Factors influencing supply security

11

Source: IRTC Project, 2019 (in progress)Source: Jo Dewulf, Gian-Andrea Blengini, David Pennington, 2016

Indicators in different approaches on materials criticality

12

Source: Mayer (2015): Measuring Criticality of Raw Materials

Data bases of different methodologies

13

Source: IRTC Project, 2019 (in progress)

Different views, different outcomes –estimated criticality of selected raw materials

14

Source: IRTC Project, 2019 (in progress)

Method Scope Cobalt Gallium Germanium Lithium Tantalum Tungsten

Augsburg European companies High high N/A High High N/A

BRGM French industry High Low Low Medium Medium High

China China High N/A N/A High N/A High

iCIRCE Global High high High High High High

EU Europe High high High Medium High High

JRC (Moss et al.) tbd Medium High Medium/high N/A Medium N/A

KIRAM/KITECH South Korea High High N/A Medium N/A Low

NEDO Japan Low low Low High Low High

NIES Japan Low low N/A N/A N/A N/A

NRC USA N/A N/A N/A Low Low N/A

NSTC Global Low high High Low High High

Oakdene Hollins tbd Low Low Low N/A N/A Low

SCARCE tbd Medium High Medium/high Low Medium High

Thomason tbd High high High Low High High

Yale (env. implications) Environment Low low Low Low Low Low

Yale (supply risk, long term) Global Medium medium Medium Low Low Low

15

-> Criticality assessments could inform on

priority materials in a global context if there

is agreement on data sources, scope, time-

scale and whom/what to protect

16

“Stories of stuff” – more than just supply chains

Source: Armin Reller and Volker Zepf, University of Augsburg

17

End-of-Life Recycling Input Rate in the EU28

Source: JRC (2018)

18

Education in sustainable management of

critical raw materials - discussing the big picture

19

Setting the scene

Analysis

Solutions

20

-> A global understanding is needed to face

the challenges of providing sustainable

supply bases for world-wide demand of

materials for sustainable technologies

21

• Sustainable development is fundamentally linked to the access

to critical raw materials.

• It is crucial to define objectives on how to competently and

responsibly manage raw materials along the whole value chain,

considering impact on people, planet and prosperity.

• Reliable data and effective policy interventions can only be

developed in a defined framework and require improved

collaboration of all involved actors.

Conclusions

22

Thank you.

alessandra.hool@esmfoundation.org