hazard assessment. why hazard assessment? 29 cfr part 1910. subpart i u increases awareness of...
TRANSCRIPT
Hazard Assessment
Why Hazard Assessment?
29 CFR Part 1910. Subpart I Increases Awareness of Workplace
Hazards Provides opportunity to identify and
control workplace hazards Can lead to increased productivity May prevent an Occupational Injury or
Illness
What is PPE?
Equipment worn by an employee that is designed to prevent injury or illness
from a specific hazard.
Before PPE
Administrative Controls– Change Work Practices– Change Hazardous Duties– Cease Hazardous Duties
Engineering Controls– Sound insulation– Guards– Tools
Administrative Changes ! For Example.... Vs
Working off Ladder Oil based paint Sand blasting in
booth Jackhammering Gloved hand
Working off Scaffold Water based paint Sand blasting in
cabinet Hole Ram Hot Sticks
Engineering Controls
Machine Guards Sound deadening/dampening Shielding
Controlling Hazards
PPE devices alone should not be relied on to provide protection against hazards, but should be
used in conjunction with guards, engineering controls, and sound
work practices .
Assessment and SelectionIt is necessary to consider certain general
guidelines for assessing the foot, head, eye and face, and hand hazard situations that exist in an occupational operation or process, and
to match the protective devices to the particular hazard. It is the responsibility of the supervisor to exercise common sense
and appropriate expertise to accomplish these tasks.
Assessment Guidelines.
Conduct a walk through survey of the areas in question. The purpose of the
survey (or field observation) is to identify sources of hazards to workers
and co workers.
Hazard Sources sources of MOTION sources of EXTREME temperatures types of chemical exposures sources of harmful dust sources of light radiation sources of falling objects or potential for dropping objects sources of sharp objects sources or rolling or pinching objects layout of workplace and location of co workers any electrical hazards
In addition....
injury/ accident data should be reviewed to help identify problem
areas.
Organize data
Following the walkthrough survey, it is necessary to organize the data and information
for use in the assessment of hazards. The objective is to prepare for an analysis of the hazards in the environment to enable proper
selection of protective equipment.
Analyze data Having gathered and organized data on a
workplace, an estimate of the potential for injuries should be made. Each of the basic hazards should be reviewed and a determination made as to the type, level of risk. and seriousness of potential injury from each of the hazards found in the area.
The possibility of exposure to several hazards simultaneously should be considered.
Selection guidelines Become familiar with the potential hazards
and the type of protective equipment that is available, and what it can do; i.e.., splash protection, impact protection, etc.
Compare the hazards associated with the environment; i.e.., impact velocities, masses, projectile shape, radiation intensities, with the capabilities of the available protective equipment
Selection guidelines (cont.)
Select the protective equipment which ensures a level of protection greater than the minimum required to protect employees from the hazards.
Fit the user with the protective device and give instructions on care and use of the PPE.
Selection Note
It is very important that end users be made aware of all warning labels for and limitations of their PPE
Reassessment of hazards
It is the responsibility of the supervisor to reassess the workplace hazard situation
as necessary, by identifying and evaluating new equipment and
processes, reviewing accident records, and reevaluating the suitability of
previously selected PPE
JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS
Job Safety Analysis
The breaking down into its component parts of any method or procedure to
determine the hazards connected with each key step and the requirements for
performing it safely.
Job Safety Analysis Priorities
New JobsNew Jobs Severity PotentialSeverity Potential History of Disabling History of Disabling InjuriesInjuries
Frequency of AccidentsFrequency of Accidents
Job Safety Analysis
Job means “task” (Changing a tire not auto mechanic) “key” steps too detailed becomes cumbersome not enough detail becomes useless
Break job down into key steps AVOID!!
making the breakdown so detailed That an unnecessarily large number of steps results
making the job breakdown so general that basic steps are not recorded
Key Steps TOO MUCHChanging a Flat Tire
Pull off road Put car in “park” Set brake Activate emergency flashers Open door Get out of car Walk to trunk Put key in lock Open trunk Remove jack Remove Spare tire
Key Steps NOT ENOUGHChanging a Flat Tire
Park car take off flat tire put on spare tire drive away
Key Job Steps JUST RIGHTChanging a Flat tire
Park car, set brake remove jack & tire
from trunk loosen log nuts jack up car remove tire set new tire jack down car
tighten lug nuts store tire & jack
Hazards
Parking Car– Struck by Traffic
Removing tire & jack– Back Strain– bang head on trunk
Loosen lug nuts– back/arm strain– slip & fall
Jacking up car– car could fall off jack
Setting new tire– fingers pinched– back strain
Tighten nuts– back strain– slip & fall
Work Observation
Select experienced worker(s) who will cooperate and participate in the JSA process.
Explain purpose of JSA Observe the employee perform the job
and write down basic steps Completely describe each step Note deviations (Very Important!)
Job Safety Analysis
PRO T ECT ION
HAZARD
PRO T ECT ION PRO T ECT ION
HAZARD
KEY ST EP
Identify Hazards & Potential Accidents
Search for Hazards Produced by Work Produced by Environment Repeat job observation as many times
as necessary to identify all hazards
Develop Solutions
Find a new way to do job Change physical conditions that create
hazards Change the work procedure Reduce frequency
New way to do job
Determine the work goal of the job, and then analyze the various ways of reaching this goal to see which way is safest.
Consider work saving tools and equipment.
Change in physical conditions
Tools, materials, equipment layout or location
Study change carefully for other benefits (costs, time savings)
Change in work procedures
What should the worker do to eliminate the hazard
How should it be done? Document changes in detail
Reduce frequency
What can be done to reduce the frequency of the job??
Identify parts that cause frequent repairs - change
Reduce vibration save machine parts
What effects??
A job that has been redesigned may affect other jobs or work processes.
Check or reobserve the new process once it has been redesigned