Hazard Hazard CommunicationCommunication

GENERALGENERALUpdated to include NEW Global Harmonization Standard (GHS)

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IntroductionIntroductionThe purpose of this training is to familiarize you

with the Occupational Health and Safety Administration’s (OSHA) Hazard Communication

standard 29 CFR 1910.1200

&

Alaska’s standard8 AAC 61.1110

(adds the requirement to include physical agents)

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OverviewOverview• What is Hazard Communication?• What are the program requirements?• Hazards of non-routine work• Training requirements• Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) & Safety Data

Sheets (SDS)• Physical Agent Data Sheets (PADS)• Labeling• What are the hazards?

• Health & Physical• Other

• Routes of exposure/entry• Protective measures• Inventory requirements• What now?

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Hazard CommunicationHazard Communication• OSHA Hazard Communication Standard 29 CFR

1910.1200 – “Right to Know” went into effect in November 1985. Often referred to as “Hazcom.”

• OSHA has revised the Hazard Communication Standard to be more in line with global systems. The new Globally Harmonized System (GHS) standardizes safety data sheets and uses pictograms that can be understood regardless of a person’s native language.

• The purpose of Hazcom is to ensure that information concerning hazards associated with the workplace is transmitted to employees.

• You, as an employee, have a Right to Know about the hazards in your work area and the potential effects of these hazards upon your health and safety. 4

Hazard CommunicationHazard CommunicationIt may seem easy enough to expect chemicals and physical hazards to be in labs, shops, and maintenance areas, however hazards can also be found in offices, classrooms, and other work areas.

These may include:

Copier/printer toners

Dry erase cleaners

Cleaning chemicals, sprays

Vibration

Noise

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Hazard CommunicationHazard Communication• Hazardous materials (chemical products) and

physical agents (radiation, lasers, vibration, etc.) can be found anywhere. It has been estimated that over a half million chemical products are used by business and industry every year. Some of these hazards pose little danger to you, while others may be deadly.

• Modern manufacturing would not be possible without chemicals and processes. However, like machinery or electrical equipment, you must know how to use chemicals safely.

• The first step in using chemicals and processes safely is to recognize those materials and processes that may be hazardous to your health or physical safety.

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Program RequirementsProgram RequirementsThe OSHA Hazcom Standard is composed of 5 key elements which are:

•Written Program - A written program must be developed which ties together all of the elements below.

•Safety Data Sheets - Detailed descriptions of each hazardous material listed on the Materials Inventory.

•Labeling - Containers of hazardous materials must have labels which identify the material and warn of its potential hazard to employees.

•Training - All employees must be trained to identify and work safely with hazardous materials.

•Materials Inventory and Hazard Assessment - A list of the hazardous materials and other physical hazards present in your work area.

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Program RequirementsProgram RequirementsWritten program must include: • Employee training information

• Information regarding non-routine hazards

• Methods of informing employees who work for other employers (contractors)

The written UAF Hazcom Program is accessible at: http://www.uaf.edu/safety/industrial-hygiene/hazard-communication/

A site specific plan is required to be completed by individual departments (see template at the above link).

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Hazards ofHazards ofNon-Routine TasksNon-Routine Tasks

Periodically, employees may be required to perform hazardous tasks that are non-routine.

Prior to starting work on such projects•Affected employees must be given information by their supervisor on the hazards to which they may be exposed while performing such tasks.

This information will cover:• Specific hazards

• Measures the company has taken to reduce the risk of these hazards, such as providing ventilation, ensuring the presence of another employee, providing a respiratory protection program, and establishing emergency procedures

• Required protective/safety measures

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Training Requirements Training Requirements • Employee training is an integral part of the Hazcom

program and must be provided:• At the time of initial assignment

• Whenever a new hazard is introduced into the workplace, and

• When employees may be exposed to workplace hazards created by another employer at the worksite (a contractor)

• Hazcom– General overview training• This PowerPoint presentation serves as a general overview of

the UAF Hazcom program.

• Hazcom– Site specific training• In addition to this general overview training you are to

receive site specific training from your supervisor.

• This training will include specific hazards in your work area, contents of unlabeled pipes, and methods to reduce hazards (engineering controls, administrative controls, product substitution, and personal protective equipment).

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Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

Current Format

&

Safety Data Sheets (SDS)

New format required by June 1, 2015

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MSDS & SDSMSDS & SDS• Reference that identifies

chemical characteristics and hazards

• Safety Data Sheets are available for ALL of the hazardous materials present in your work areas

• Each department, lab or shop maintains an MSDS/SDS file

• Must be accessible to all employees whenever they are in their work area

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SDS Information SDS Information Hazcom requires chemical manufacturers, distributors, or importers to provide Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) (formerly known as Material Safety Data Sheets or MSDSs) to communicate the hazards of hazardous chemical products.

As of June 1, 2015, the HCS will require new SDSs to be in a standard 16 section format, and include the section numbers, the headings, and associated information under the headings.

Departments can maintain either the MSDS or SDS from the transition phase to the effective completion date of June 1, 2015.

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SDS Information SDS Information

Section 1 - Identification includes product identifier; manufacturer or distributor name, address, phone number; emergency phone number; recommended use; and any restrictions on use.

Section 2 - Hazard(s) Identification includes all hazards regarding the chemical; and lists required label elements.

Section 3 - Composition/Information on Ingredients includes information on chemical ingredients, including trade secret claims.

Section 4 - First-Aid Measures includes important symptoms, acute effects, delayed affects, and required treatment.

Section 5 - Fire-Fighting Measures lists suitable extinguishing techniques and equipment; and hazardous chemical hazards that may be produced during a fire.

Section 6 - Accidental Release Measures lists emergency procedures, protective equipment, and proper methods of containment and cleanup.

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SDS Information SDS Information

Section 7 - Handling and Storage lists precautions for safe handling and storage, including incompatibilities.

Section 8 - Exposure Controls/Personal Protection lists OSHA’s Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs), Threshold Limit Values (TLVs), appropriate engineering controls, and personal protective equipment (PPE).

Section 9 - Physical and Chemical Properties lists the

chemical’s characteristics.

Section 10 - Stability and Reactivity lists chemical stability

and possibility of hazardous reactions.

Section 11 - Toxicological Information includes routes of exposure, related symptoms, acute and chronic effects, and numerical measures of toxicity.

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SDS Information SDS Information

Section 12 - Ecological Information include effects of chemical if released into the environment, and describes the chemical’s environmental fate.

Section 13 - Disposal Considerations list proper procedures for disposal.

Section 14 - Transport Information provides shipping information

Section 15 - Regulatory Information provides information on regulations affecting the chemical.

Section 16 - Other information includes the date of preparation or last revision.

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How to find MSDS/SDSHow to find MSDS/SDS• Ask your supervisor or manager where the

MSDS/SDS are located in your work area or contact EHSRM for assistance.

• Take time to read the MSDS/SDS which describe the hazardous materials present in your work area.

• Remember, knowing where MSDS/SDS are located and how to use them is your responsibility. It is part of your job.

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Physical AgentsPhysical Agents

• Heat Stress• Cold Stress• Lasers• Hand-Arm Vibration

• Ionizing Radiation• Noise• Radio Frequency

Radiation• Ultraviolet Radiation

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Alaska OSHAs addition requirements for Hazcom include exposure to physical agents which exceed specific thresholds. Physical Agent Data Sheets (PADS) can be found at http://labor.alaska.gov/lss/pads/pads.htm

LabelingLabelingWhat must be labeled?

• ALL hazardous materials MUST be labeled. Labels must appear either on the container itself, the batch ticket, placard, or the process sheets.

• Exception: Labeling is not required on portable containers into which hazardous chemicals are transferred from labeled containers, and which are intended only for the immediate use of the employee who performs the transfer.

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Unlabeled containers MUST NOT be left unattended

LabelingLabelingPrimary Label Information

OSHA requires that the following information be included on ALL labels:

•Identity of hazardous chemical(s)

•Appropriate hazard warnings, or alternatively, words, pictures, symbols, or combination thereof,

• which provide at least general information regarding the hazards of the chemicals,

• and which, in conjunction with the other information immediately available to employees under the Hazcom program,

• will provide employees with the specific information regarding the health and physical hazards of the hazardous chemical

•Name and address of the chemical manufacturer, importer, or other responsible party

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LabelingLabelingNew SDS Primary Label Information

OSHA has updated the requirements for labeling ofhazardous chemicals under its Hazcom Standard (HCS).

As of June 1, 2015, all labels will be required to have:•Pictograms •Signal words •Hazard and precautionary statements •Product identifier •Supplier identification

(see next slide for example)21

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LabelingLabelingPictograms

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Examples of GHS Pictograms you will see on new labels

LabelingLabelingPictograms

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Examples of GHS Pictograms you will see on new labels

LabelingLabelingPictograms

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Examples of GHS Pictograms you will see on new labels

LabelingLabeling

• Primary labels warn of potential dangers.

• Primary labels are not intended to be the sole source of information.

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• Labels serve only as an immediate warning. See MSDS/SDS for detailed information.

LabelingLabeling• Ensure labels do not come

off, become smudged or unreadable.

• For hard-to-label containers, use:• Signs or placards• Process sheets, or batch tickets

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LabelingLabeling

Be able to quickly identify the general hazard of any material. Hazardous Materials Information System (HMIS) is one method of labeling.

• HMIS system identifies:• Health hazards• Flammability hazards• Physical hazards• PPE

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LabelingLabelingKey Words

As you read labels, you will see key words which signal you that you should take extra care when handling a particular hazardous material. These key words include:

CAUTION MODERATE RISKWARNING MAJOR RISKDANGER SERIOUS RISK

For example, the key word "DANGER" means:•Immediate harm, long term effects, or death may occur.

•Chemicals may be toxic, corrosive, or flammable.

•Protective equipment and/or clothing may be required.

Refer to Signs and Tags training

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LabelingLabelingUAF Approved Labeling System

UAF Currently uses a labeling combination of:

• Primary Labeling • Maintaining labels provided by the manufacturers or

suppliers

• Hazardous Material Information System (HMIS)

• National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)

• Fisher

• Mallinckrodt Baker

• Department of Transportation (DOT)

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Health HazardsHealth Hazards

• Your supervisor must instruct you on the health hazards for the chemicals in your work area

• Health hazard information is also found on the MSDS (Section 5) or SDS (Section 2 and 11).

• You should know where to find the MSDS/SDS file in the areas you work.

Health hazards may cause health effects upon exposure.

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Health Hazards Health Hazards • Health hazards include –

• Sensitizers• Toxic substances• Irritants• Carcinogens• Agents which damage lungs, skin, eyes, or mucus

membranes

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Health HazardsHealth Hazards

Corrosives - cause tissue damage and burns on contact with the skin and eyes

Primary Irritants - cause intense redness or swelling of the skin or eyes on contact, but with no permanent tissue damage

Sensitizers - cause an allergic skin or lung reaction

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• A chemical that can have acute or chronic health effects is a health hazard. The following is a brief description of types of chemicals with major health hazards and their appropriate pictogram.

Health HazardsHealth Hazards

Acutely Toxic Materials - cause an adverse effect, even at a very low dose

Carcinogens - may cause cancer

Teratogens - may cause birth defects

Organ-Specific Hazards - may cause damage to specific organ systems, such as the blood, liver, lungs, or reproductive system

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Physical hazardsPhysical hazardsinclude any chemical that is a:include any chemical that is a:

Combustible liquid

Compressed gas

Explosive

Flammable

Organic peroxide

Oxidizer

Unstable (reactive)

Pyrophoric

Water reactive

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Other Types of HazardsOther Types of Hazards• “Simple Asphyxiant” Hazards – a substance or

mixture that displaces oxygen in the ambient atmosphere, and can thus cause oxygen deprivation in those who are exposed, leading to unconsciousness and death.

• “Combustable Dust” Hazards - dusts that may cause a deflagration, other fires, or an explosion. These dusts include, but are not limited to: metal, wood, coal, plastic, adhesives, biosolids, sugar, flour, paper, etc.

• “Pyrophoric Gas” Hazards - a chemical in a gaseous state that will ignite spontaneously in air at a temperature of 130 degrees F (54.4 degrees C) or less.

• Hazards not Otherwise Classified - an adverse physical or health effect that does not meet the specified criteria for the physical and health hazard classes already defined.

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Routes of Exposure/EntryRoutes of Exposure/Entry

• Routes of exposure/entry:• Absorption – skin & eyes• Ingestion – direct & indirect• Inhalation/Aspiration• Injection

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Protective MeasuresProtective Measures

• Methods and ObservationsMethods and observations that may be used to detect the presence or release of a hazardous chemical in the work area (such as monitoring conducted by a person, continuous monitoring devices, visual appearance or odor of hazardous chemicals when being released, etc.)

• Physical and Health HazardsThe physical, health, simple asphyxiation, combustible dust and pyrophoric gas hazards, as well as hazards not otherwise classified, of the chemicals in the work area

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Your department-specific Hazcom plan MUST include specific protective measures implemented to protect employees form hazards in the workplace. These include:

Protective MeasuresProtective Measures• Engineering controls

Well designed work areas minimize exposure to materials which are hazardous. Examples of engineering controls include exhaust systems and wetting systems to control dust.

• Work practicesSafe work practices will insure that chemicals are used correctly and safely.

• Product SubstitutionBecause many chemicals do similar jobs, it is important to select chemicals that do a good job, while being less toxic.

• Personal protective equipmentRespirators, eye protection, gloves, aprons, and other protective equipment and clothing are designed to protect you while you work - USE THEM!

• Emergency ProceduresSpecific emergency procedures established to protect employees. 39

Materials InventoryMaterials Inventory• Your supervisor will prepare and keep current an

inventory list of all known hazards present in your workplace.

• Specific information on each listed hazardous substance/agent can be obtained by reviewing the MSDS/SDS/PADS.

Hazardous Substance Inventory – List Sample

Hazardous Substance Operation/Work Area MSDS/SDS

Trichloroethylene Degreaser - Finish Dept. Complete

Muriatic Acid Metal Stripper – Prep Dept. Incomplete

Acetone Manufacturing Area Complete

Sample

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What Now?What Now?

• Know the location and availability of your workplace-specific written program, chemical and physical hazards/agents inventory and MSDS/SDS files.

• Know what personal protective equipment (PPE) you will need when dealing with hazards.

• Speak with your supervisor about chemical- specific and site specific Hazcom training.

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What Now?What Now?• Knowing how to work safely with chemicals and

other physical agents is an important activity.

• Completing online and site-specific training, and understanding your materials inventory and workplace MSDS/SDS/PADS, can help you be both safe and compliant.

• You have a right to know, but you also have a responsibility to use the knowledge and skills to work safely.

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EHSRM Hazcom Contact EHSRM Hazcom Contact InformationInformation

• Hazmat SupervisorRichard Deck, 474-5617

• Industrial HygienistTracey Martinson, 474-6771

• Safety OfficersGary Beaudette, 474-2763Thadd Williamson, 474-2762Kim Knudsen, 474-5476

Main Office Line: 474-5413

Fax: 474-5489

Email: UAF-EHSRM@alaska.edu

Website: www.uaf.edu/safety43