Hazard Communication, Lab Safety and Regulated Waste Awareness Training

Office of Environmental Health and SafetyHunter College of CUNY

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Overview

Understanding mandates of

a. Hazard Communication (29 CFR 1910.1200) ,

b. Lab Safety Standard or Occupational exposure to hazardous chemicals in laboratories (29 CFR 1910.1450) and

c. Hazardous Waste Awareness by EPA’s Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA).

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Hazard Communication = Right-To- Know Training

OSHA’s Hazard Communication or Right-To-Know

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Hazard Communication

 Hazard communication (3 W’s and One H) Do you know: 1. Where to find information concerning the hazards of the chemicals present in your work area? 2. When to use a laboratory chemical hood? 3. How to select appropriate eye protection? What about gloves? 4. What to do in case you are involved in a fire or chemical emergency?

These are information that you need to know to help you do your work in the safest manner possible.

It is also information that you have a right to know under OSHA standards enacted to protect your health and safety through better communication, better training, and better work practices.

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OSHA’s Hazard Communication Program

The Hazard Communication Standard was created to:

Ensure that the hazards of all chemicals produced or imported are evaluated,

Transmit all information to all employees.

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Information Requirements

Employees must be informed of: Requirements of the Hazard Communication Standard.

Employer: Notification, Information, Record-keeping

Health effects (Acute Vs. Chronic)

Operations in work areas where there are hazardous chemicals. Labs, shops, storage and preparation rooms.

Location/availability of written Hazard Communication Program. EHS Office at HE-1211A

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Employees must be trained on the following: Methods to detect the presence. (Labels, MSDS)

Physical and health hazards of chemicals in work area. (Health, Flammability, Reactivity, etc.)

Personal protection

Training Requirements

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Where will you find chemicals at Hunter College of CUNY?

Cleaning supplies Bleach, ammonia, detergents

Paint Shop Paints, paint thinners and strippers

Laboratories Assorted chemicals and chemical waste

Mechanical Rooms / Boiler Rooms Oils, grease, cleaners

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Material Safety Data Sheets(MSDS)

                                                                 

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Material Safety Data Sheets

  A Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) is a valuable reference.

IMPORTANT: Consult an MSDS before introducing a new chemical into a lab protocol or working with hazardous substances.

You should become familiar with MSDS of a Chemical/Material you are working with.

You may request copies of these materials from your supervisor or from the Office of Environmental Health and Safety.

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Where can you find an MSDS for a chemical?

An MSDS MUST be available anywhere a chemical is used or stored

Each person must know how and where to find an MSDS in the immediate area

An MSDS should be included with the purchase of a chemical. Many are available online.

Ask EH&S if you have having difficulty locating an MSDS or getting one from a manufacturer.

IMPORTANT: Refer to www.hunter.cuny.edu/ehs and click MSDS Icon to search for a copy of a material’s MSDS.

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Sections of MSDS

Product Identification / Ingredients Hazards First Aid Fire Fighting Release Measures Handling / Storage Personal Protection Equipment Physical / Chemical Properties Toxicology Disposal / Transport Information

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Product Identification / Ingredients

Chemical name, trade name, synonyms

CAS (Chemical Abstract Service) Number

Molecular Formula / Molecular Weight

Ingredients and Percentages

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Hazards

Warning Phrases Danger! Flammable! Corrosive!

NFPA Ratings (0-4) for Health, Flammability, Reactivity, Special/Other

Potential Health Effects Inhalation, skin contact, ingestion, chronic exposure

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First Aid

Information on what do in case of an exposure by

Inhalation Ingestion Skin Contact Eye Contact

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Fire Fighting Information

Flash point

Auto ignition temperature

Type of fire extinguisher to use

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Handling/Storage

Ideal/preferred storage conditions (humidity and temperature)

Ventilation

Store away from incompatibles

Flammables / Corrosives cabinets

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PPE

Know what Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is available and where to get it.

Gloves

Eye protection (safety glasses, goggles)

Apron / coveralls

And Sometimes, Respiratory Protection

Some people may be sensitive or allergic to latex gloves…

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Physical / Chemical Properties

Color Odor Specific Gravity pH Boiling & Melting Points Vapor Density & Pressure Solubility Decomposition Products / Polymerization Incompatibilities

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Toxicology

Hazardous substances It is especially important to consult the Material Safety Data Sheets when working with substances that OSHA has classified as "health hazards." These include: Carcinogens. Substances that may cause cancer in humans and animals under certain conditions. An example is chromic acid. Corrosives. Substances that cause visible destruction or permanent change to skin tissue on contact. An example is hydrochloric acid. Hepatotoxins. Substances that may cause damage to the liver. An example is chloroform. Mutagens. Substances that may cause changes in the genetic material of cells. An example is ethidium bromide. Nephrotoxins. Substances that may cause damage to the kidneys. An example is acetonitrile. Neurotoxins. Substances that are harmful to the nervous system. An example is acrylamide. Teratogens. Substances that may affect the development of an embryo or fetus. An example is formamide.

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Disposal / Transport

DOT shipping information

RCRA hazardous waste information and waste codes

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Release Measures

Measures to take if this material is released to the environment

Reportable Quantities

Coast Guard National Response Center (NRC)

1-800-424-8802

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Medical conditions and symptoms

Medical conditions and symptoms - You should talk with your supervisor or doctor if you are working with hazardous chemicals and - You are taking medication. - You are pregnant. - You have a medical condition such as chronic allergy. And, always see your physician if you develop symptoms or an illness that could be associated with your laboratory work.

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Consulting safety data sheets

Consulting safety data sheets Example: MSDS for Chromic Acid

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Labels

Every bottle ordered and received should come with an affixed label containing:

Name of product and constituents

Hazards

Manufacturer’s Name and CAS Number

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27CUNY HazCom

NFPA Hazard

Diamond

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User Labeling

EVERY bottle must be labeled to identify its contents (even soap and water, if there is no original label)

Rubbing

Alcohol

Flammable

You may use a piece of tape, a sharpie, or print out a label

As long as it is clearly legible and includes the commonly recognized name of the contents (not the chemical formula) and its hazard(s)

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Chemical Storage

Chemical storage Safe storage of chemicals is a necessity in every laboratory. It will: - Provide for effective management of chemicals. - Lessen the risk of fire. - Prevent accidental mixing of incompatible chemicals in emergencies. - Minimize exposure to corrosive and toxic chemicals. Safe chemical storage may seem to be a matter of common sense. Yet in fact, it requires an awareness of each chemical's potential hazards, and a lot of thought.

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 Rules of thumb for safe storage

 Rules of thumb for safe storage

1. Store chemicals that can ignite at room temperature in a flammables cabinet. If flammable chemicals require cold storage, store only in refrigerators approved for such use. 2. Storage areas for corrosive, toxic, flammable, and highly reactive chemicals should be near a laboratory chemical hood to encourage use of the hood when transferring chemicals. 3. Store only cleaning materials directly under the sink. 4. Never store liquid hazardous chemicals above eye level. 5. Store heavy chemical containers on lower shelves, not on the floor. 6. Store chemicals on shelves with raised edges.

         

              

         

              

         

              

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Safe Storage

Handling and Disposal of Peroxide-Forming Chemicals

- Do not store more chemicals than you will need over a reasonable period.

- Peroxide-forming chemicals should be labeled showing (Date of Receipt, Date of Opening). Use this label:

- Never store highly reactive chemicals for longer than 6 months. - Never store a chemical with an obscured or missing label. - Separate chemicals into compatible groups and store alphabetically within the groups. - Designate separate storage areas for highly toxic chemicals.

WARNING-PEROXIDE FORMER

This material will form explosive peroxides during storage and must not be kept for more than

_____months after opening.(see Peroxide Policy at

http://www.hunter.cuny.edu/ehs)

Date Received_____________Date Opened _____________

Discard unopened container 12 months after receipt. Call EH&S at ext. 4462 for disposal.

DO NOT USE IF OPENED MORE THAN ________MONTHS.

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Dry Chemical Storage

Dry chemical storage Dry chemicals can be stored together. To ensure compatibility, keep organic and inorganic chemicals segregated.

Liquid chemical storage The first step is to determine the major storage groups such as acids, bases, flammables, oxidizers, and highly toxic chemicals.

Acids. Acids should be stored in trays that will catch any spill and provide adequate segregation.

Organic acids, organic bases, and flammables. Organic acids and organic bases may be stored with the flammables, but acid resistant plastic trays must carefully segregate them.

Oxidizers. Oxidizers are highly reactive. They should be separated from other chemicals.  

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Highly toxic chemicals

Highly toxic chemicals - Toxic materials like carcinogens and reproductive hazards should be stored in a separate cabinet. - Volatile toxic materials should be stored in an enclosure. - An inventory should be kept of all highly toxic and highly reactive chemicals.

 

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PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)

Always protect your eyes Safety glasses with side eye shields, splash goggles, and full face shields offer varying degrees of protection against splattering chemicals and airborne objects.

Choose safety glasses with side eye shields when there is a splash hazard with a small quantity of a hazardous chemical.

                        

                        

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PPE (Goggles, Face shields)

Goggles Wear goggles when you are handling a chemical that is highly caustic or in a larger volume, perhaps a liter or more. Face shields Wear a face shield when you are handling a very large volume of a hazardous chemical, or when you need to protect your face and your eyes.

 

                  

                              

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PPE (Gloves)

Gloves Wearing gloves is a simple and effective way to protect yourself from chemical contact, but the gloves must be resistant to the specific chemical with which you are working. No glove material is impermeable to all chemicals, therefore, the most effective practice in using protective gloves is to change them frequently and whenever they are contaminated.

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Emergency Procedures

Emergency Procedures

Eye Splash 15 mins eye shower,

keep lids open,

consult a physician/opthalmologist.

Chemical spill on clothes remove contaminated clothes,

activate emergency shower,

remove shoes,

consult a physician.

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Lab Safety Standard Training

Lab Safety Standard or Occupational exposure to hazardous chemicals in laboratories (29 CFR 1910.1450)

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OSHA Lab Standard, 29 CFR 1910.1450.

A standard (may 1, 1990) for occupational exposure to hazardous chemicals in industrial, clinical and academic laboratories

Provide work practices, procedures and policies to ensure the protection of employees from potentially hazardous chemicals in use in their work area.

Requires a Chemical Hygiene Plan

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Chemical Hygiene Plan

 Chemical Hygiene Plan Hunter College has a written Chemical Hygiene Plan. The Plan conveys the hazards of chemicals which may be present in your work area, and describes appropriate work practices, procedures and controls which are in place to protect you from those hazards. You should become familiar with the Chemical Hygiene Plan or other laboratory safety documents. You may request copies of these materials from:1) supervisor or 2) Environmental Health and Safety office.

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What is a Hazardous Chemical?

Two Types of Hazards Physical Hazard

Flammables/Combustibles Corrosives Reactives

Health Hazard Causing acute or chronic health effects (Neurotoxin, carcinogen, mutagen,

teratogen, infectious agents.)

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Physical Hazards

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Physical Hazards

Research employee injuries, 1993 - 1997* The most common serious injuries: cuts due to careless use of razor blades.

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Physical Hazards

Laboratory support injuries, 1993 - 1997* The most common serious injuries: strains and fractures due to falls and improper lifting of heavy objects

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Physical Hazards

Administrative support injuries, 1993 - 1997* The most common serious injuries: strains and fractures due to falls and improper lifting of heavy objects.

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Physical Hazards

Hazards Respect the dangers of high voltage, ultraviolet light, heat sources, and cryogenic materials

When transporting hazardous substances, make certain that the containers are sealed and use secondary containers. Try not to take routine manipulations for granted, especially those involving glass, needles, or sharps.

And, if you are fatigued or distracted, take a break, relax and refocus. If you notice any unsafe conditions or have an accident or injury, talk with your supervisor.

                        

                        

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Health Hazards

Hazardous substances It is especially important to consult the Material Safety Data Sheets when working with substances that OSHA has classified as "health hazards." These include: Carcinogens. Substances that may cause cancer in humans and animals under certain conditions. An example is chromic acid. Corrosives. Substances that cause visible destruction or permanent change to skin tissue on contact. An example is hydrochloric acid. Hepatotoxins. Substances that may cause damage to the liver. An example is chloroform. Mutagens. Substances that may cause changes in the genetic material of cells. An example is ethidium bromide. Nephrotoxins. Substances that may cause damage to the kidneys. An example is acetonitrile. Neurotoxins. Substances that are harmful to the nervous system. An example is acrylamide. Teratogens. Substances that may affect the development of an embryo or fetus. An example is formamide.

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Routes of Exposure

Breathing (inhalation)

Skin contact (dermal absorption)

Swallowing (ingestion)

Puncture (injection)

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What should you do if you spill a chemical or find a spilled chemical?

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Small Spill

Clean up a spill only if you:

Are familiar with the substance that was spilled

Know the substance’s toxicity

Have adequate personal protective equipment

Feel completely comfortable cleaning it up

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Large Spill

For a large spill that requires assistance to clean up, call:

Environmental Health and Safety X 4462

Public Safety X 4444

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Spill Kits

A spill kit should be available in all areas where chemicals are stored or used

The spill kit should contain (at a minimum): Gloves & Goggles Absorbent / Neutralizer Scoop / mini shovel Bag / container

Restock the spill kit as soon as possible whenever anything is used or removed from it

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Safety Showers

Know the location of the nearest safety shower in case of emergency

Make sure it’s accessible, in good working order, and that its inspection is up-to-date

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Eye Wash

Know the location of the nearest eye wash in case a chemical comes in contact with your eye

Flush your eye(s) for at least 15 minutes

Eye wash stations should be flushed weekly

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Hazardous Waste Awareness Training

RCRA Regulated Wastes Management

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Hazardous Waste Management

Generation and identification Accumulation areas Packaging and labeling Pickup procedures Storage areas Disposal procedures

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Identifying Hazardous WastesIdentifying Hazardous Wastes

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Two Types of RCRA Hazardous WasteTwo Types of RCRA Hazardous Waste

Listed in 40 C.F.R. Part 261, Subpart D; 6 N.Y.C.R.R. §371.4 - (F, K, P & U)

Characteristics - (Ignitable, Corrosive, Reactive, Toxic)

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Listed Hazardous WastesListed Hazardous Wastes

F List: wastes from certain common industrial or manufacturing processes

Example: spent Perchloroethylene used as solvent

K List: wastes from certain specific industries

Example: petroleum refining wastewater treatment residues

P and U Lists: discarded chemical commercial

products (applies only if chemical is discarded

unused)

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Characteristic Waste (Ignitable, Corrosive)Characteristic Waste (Ignitable, Corrosive)

Ignitable waste (flash point<140º F)

Examples: alcohols, acetone, toluene, xylene, WD-40

Corrosive waste (pH < 2 or > 12.5)Examples: acids, rust removers, hydroxides, caustics, drain

cleaners

* Take note: Not all Corrosives are considered “EPA Corrosive wastes”

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Characteristic Waste (Reactive)

Reactive waste

Undergoes a violent or abnormal reaction in the presence of water or under normal ambient atmospheric conditions.

Among this type of hazard are the pyrophoric liquids which will ignite in air at or below normal room temperature in the absence of added heat, shock or friction, and the water-reactive.

Flammable solids which will spontaneously combust upon contact with water.

Examples: Picric acids, ethyl ethers, sulfide wastes

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Characteristic Waste - Toxicity

Toxicity characteristic: laboratory test (TCLP) that creates a liquid leachate that is similar to what would be expected from a landfill

Examples: Wastes with heavy metals, Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)

* This type of waste materials get “D” codes e.g. D004 = Arsenic, D005 = Barium, D006 = Cadmium, D007 = Chromium, D008 = Lead, D009 = Mercury

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Compliance AssistanceCompliance Assistance

Acetone

Flammable

Store in flammable cabinets

HN1416B

May 16,2007 June 16,2007

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General Requirements for Handling Hazardous Waste

Only trained personnel may manage hazardous wastes

Waste must be kept in a Satellite (Hazardous Waste) Accumulation area that is close to where waste is generated and under control of supervisor

No hazardous waste may be dumped down the drain or discarded with garbage

Wastes must be placed in proper/compatible containers

Wastes may be added to proper containers until approx. 80% full at accumulation area

Waste containers must be placed in a secondary spill “container” to catch any potential spills

Wastes must be labeled with “Hazardous Waste Stickers”

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Satellite Accumulation Area (SAA)

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‘Satellite’ Storage‘Satellite’ Storage

RCRA regulations allow a generator to accumulate hazardous waste at or near the point of generation if certain requirements are met.

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Abandoned Chemicals

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StorageStorage

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ContainersContainers

Definition: portable devices in which a hazardous waste is stored, transported, treated, disposed of,or otherwise handled.

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Container RequirementsContainer Requirements

Containers must be: In good condition Compatible with waste Kept closed except when being filled or emptied Handled in a safe manner Marked with the words “Hazardous Waste” and

the words describing the contents, DO NOT use chemical formulas

NOTE: incompatible waste containers must be separated from one another

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Storage Areas Storage Areas

For LQGs (>1000 lb/mo): 90 day limit before shipment

For SQGs (>100 <1000 lb/mo): 180 day limit before shipment

Containers must be in good condition & kept closed

Proper labeling required, including date Inspected weekly Emergency equipment & communications

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Inspections (SAAs)

SAAs should be routinely inspected (i.e., on

a weekly basis) by the designated lab or

work area waste coordinator

Use the inspection form provided by the

EHSO

Return completed forms to the ESHO

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Inspections (Storage Areas)

Required weekly for LQGs and SQGs

Use the inspection form provided by the EHSO

Return completed forms to the ESHO

Items to include: spills, leaks, container condition,

containers caps in place, readiness of

emergency equipment, separation of

incompatible wastes, signage present

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Universal WastesUniversal Wastes

Generated in a wide variety of settings, not only industrial

Generated by a wide communityPresent in significant volumes in non-

hazardous systemsExamples:

BatteriesPesticidesThermostatsHazardous Waste Lamps

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Regulated Medical Wastes (RMW)Regulated Medical Wastes (RMW)

Regulated Medical Waste: waste generated in

the diagnosis, treatment, or immunization of

human beings or animals including the following: Infectious Animal Wastes

Human Pathological Wastes

Human Blood and Blood Products

Needles and Syringes

Cultures and Stocks

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RMW PackagingRMW Packaging

Sharps Disposed of in red, rigid, puncture- and break-

resistant, leak proof container

Liquids & Non-Sharp Solids Disposed of in red bags which are impervious to

moisture and have strength sufficient to resist tearing under normal conditions of usage and handling

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Radioactive Waste ManagementRadioactive Waste Management

Generation, storage, transportation, and disposal is governed by federal, state, and local agencies

Disposal options are limited and costly

Minimize waste generation

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All radioactive waste generated at Hunter must be: Stored in a “Controlled Area” Properly stored and packaged Properly shielded Properly documented Properly labeled Properly segregated

Radioactive Waste GuidelinesRadioactive Waste Guidelines

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Used OilUsed OilNYSDEC presumes used oil is recycled

unless disposed ofUsed oil mixed with hazardous waste is

regulated as a hazardous wasteUsed oil mixed with an ignitable characteristic

waste (e.g. mineral spirits) can be managed as a non-hazardous waste if the Flash Point is > 140º F

Materials contaminated with used oil, if properly drained, are not used oil (the drained oil is regulated as used oil)

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Compressed Gas CylindersCompressed Gas Cylinders

Return to vendor, or

Contact EH&S Office for assistance

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Mercury WasteMercury Waste

Replace thermometers and measuring instruments containing mercury with equipment that uses non-hazardous fluids or electronic devices

Contact EH&S Office if mercury spill occursContact EH&S Office prior to generating mercury

waste mixtures in order to develop a strategy for waste minimization and disposal

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“e-wastes” (i.e., computer components, laboratory instrumentation)

e-wastese-wastes

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Hunter College Wastes Management

Hunter College Waste Disposal Management

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Any questions?