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Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment & Risk Control (HIRARC) Training

BYOCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ENVIRONMENT (OSHE)

http://umfoto.um.edu.my/index2.php?id=G212&album=30&pic=57














TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Objective2. What is HIRARC?3. Purpose of HIRARC4. Process of HIRARC5. Hazard Identification6. Risk Assessment7. Risk Control8. Practical Workshop

1. Explore the elements of an effective hazard identification and control program.

2. Discuss the steps in the hazard identification and control process.

3. Be able to perform the Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment Form by their own with 3 simple steps to ensure a safe & healthy workplace.

OBJECTIVES:

1.Memastikan keselamatan dan kesihatan pekerja di tempat kerja.

2.Melindungi keselamatan orang lain selain dari pekerja di tempat kerja tersebut.

3.Menggalakkan persekitaran yang sesuai (dari segi fisiologi dan psikologi)

4.Membolehkan penggantian secara berperingkat perundangan berkaitan dengan Peraturan dan Kod Amalan yang diluluskan

FALSAFAH

“KEWAJIPAN BAGI MEMASTIKAN KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN DI TEMPAT KERJA TERLETAK PADA MEREKA YANG MEWUJUDKAN RISIKODAN MEREKA YANG BEKERJA DENGAN RISIKOTERSEBUT”

1. Mengada dan menyenggara loji dansistem kerja selamat

2. Membuat perkiraan untuk menjaminkeselamatan dalam penggunaan, pengendalian, penanganan (handling), penyimpanan dan pengangkutan loji danbahan

KEWAJIPAN AM MAJIKAN DAN ORANG YANG BEKERJA SENDIRI (SEKSYEN 15, AKKP 1994)

HIRARC

3. Mengadakan maklumat, arahan, latihan dan penyeliaan berkaitan keselamatan dan kesihatan pekerjaan

i. Maklumat

iii. Latihan iv. Penyeliaan

ii. Arahan


4. Memastikan laluan keluar dan masuk ke tempat kerja yang selamat

5. Menyediakan persekitaran kerja yang selamat dan sihat serta kemudahan kebajikan pekerja

PENALTI KEPADA MAJIKAN

1. RM 50,000 atau

2. 2 tahun penjara atau

3. kedua-duanya sekali


•OHSAS 18001 Occupational Health &

Safety Management System standard

•This standard was established in

1999 (rev. 2007)

•Widely used and certifiable

•ILO OSH management system standard

•This standard was published in 2001

•This is a guidance standard

presented to the governments of the

world for adoption

Occupational

safety and

health

management

system

standards:

Continualimprovement

OH&S

policy

Planning

Implementation

and operation

Checking and

corrective action

Management

review

OH&S Management System

HIRARC

HIRARC

OHSAS 18001 MILESTONE CHART

TNB KUALA LUMPUR TOWARDS OHSAS 18001 CERTIFICATION

HIRARC

HAZARD IDENTFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK CONTROL (HIRARC) FORM

Doc No.

Prepared by Revision No :

JOB TITLE Working in Clinic Verified by Date :

No

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION RISK ASSESSMENT RISK CONTROL

Activities / Equipment/

FacilitesR/NR* Hazard Consequences Current Risk Control Likelihood Severity Risk Level Type of Control

Recommended Control

Measures

PIC (Due Date /

Status)

9

Receive & treat patient

R

9.1 a) Exposure to

known & unknown

bacteria, fungal &

viruses

9.1 a) Sick

9.1 b) Fatality

9.1 a) Competency &

Proper PPE to be worn

2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL

10

Clearing medical waste

R

10 a) Contact with sharp

object

10.1 a) Sick

10.1 b) Fatality

10.1 a)Competency &


2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL

11

Using X-ray machine

R

11 a) Exposure to

radioactive and radiation

11.1 a) Cancer

11.1 b) Fatality

11a) Competency & Proper

PPE to be worn

11b) Safe work distance,

allowable exposure limit &

2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL

12Release Contamination /

Hospital treated wasteR 12 a) Scheduled waste

12 a) Pollution to

atmosphere, sanitary

sewer, ground water, fresh

water, soil


PPE to be worn

2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL

*R-Routine, NR - Non Routine

LIKELIHOOD SEVERITY

Most Likely (5) The most likely result of the hazard / event being realised Catastropic (5) Numerous fatalities

Possible (4) Has a good change of occuring and is not unusual (1-5 years) Fatal (4) Approximately one single fatality

Conceivable (3) Might be occur at sometime in future (5-10 years) Serious (3) Non-fatal injury, permanent disability or > 4 days MC

Remote (2) Has not been known to occur after many years (10 yrs) Minor (2) Disabling but not permanent injury or 1-4 days MC

Inconceivable (1) Is practically impossible and has never occurred Negligible (1) Minor abrasions, bruises, cut, first aid type injury

RISK = LIKELIHOOD X SEVERITY 15 - 25 : HIGH RISK 5-12 MEDIUM 1 - 4 : LOW RISK

Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment & Risk Control(HIRARC) Form

1 2 3

Guidelines for Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Risk Control

Published by Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) 2008.

REFERENCE:

DIFINITION:

1. Hazard :

Source or situation with potential for harm in term of human injury or ill health, damage to property, damage to the workplace environment or a combination of these.

2. Hazard Identification :

Process of recognizing that a hazard exists and defining its characteristics

3. Risk :

Combination of likelihood and consequence of a specified hazardous event occurring

DIFINITION:

4. Risk Assessment :

Overall process of estimating the magnitude of Risk and deciding whether or not risk is tolerable

5. Tolerable Risk :

Risk that have been reduced to a level that can be accepted by the organization

• Eg. A tiger is a source Tiger attack is a hazard. Becoz has potential for harm

• A cage is the control.

• Therefore, a tiger in cage is less risk as compared to a tiger out of cage. Furthermore, a tiger in cage is less dangerous than a tiger out of cage since the hazard is already controlled.

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION

RISK ASSESSMENT

RISK CONTROL

Identify hazard source or situation

Estimate level of risk and determine tolerability

Reduce or eliminate risk

WHAT IS HIRARC?

Enable organization to identify, evaluate and control its OSH risk on an ongoing basis

To reduce accidents at workplaces

HIRARC to cover for all existing and new processes

Purpose of Hazard Identification, Risk

Assessment and Risk Control (HIRARC):

METHODOLOGY FOR HIRARC

1. Document review – policy, legal document, record of accident, NCR, audit result, O&M Manual.

2. Site Assessment – observation, interview

3. Brainstorming – discussion to identify hazard.

Classify work activities

Identify hazards

• Likelihood of occurrence,

and

• Severity of hazards

Conduct risk assessment, by

calculating or estimating

Decide if risk is tolerable and

apply control measures (if

necessary)

Process of HIRARC

Taking into account all

activities at the

workplace.

•Routine and non-routine

activities (incl. emergencies)

•Activities at workplace (incl.

contractors and visitors)

• Infrastructure, equipment

and materials at the

workplace.

CLASSIFY WORK ACTIVITIES

Physical

area

Stage in

production

line or

process

Not too

big

Not too

small

Defined

task

CLASSIFY WORK ACTIVITIES

1. Handling patients, contaminated objects, body secretions, tissue or fluids

2. Using X-ray machine

3. Handling patients & moving objects

4. Dealing with angry and stressed patients and their families.

Working in Clinic

Category Examples

PHYSICAL noise, radiation, ventilation, heat stress,

lighting, electrical

CHEMICAL pesticides, solvents and heavy metals

BIOLOGICAL dangerous creatures, virus, bacteria and

parasite

ERGONOMIC human and machine interface, work

position or work posture

PSYCHOSOCIAL work stress, employees interaction

within organisation, long hours work,

shift work

CATEGORIES OF HAZARDS

Example Hazards map : Grocery Store

SPOT THE HAZARD


Doc No.



No




Recommended Control

Measures

PIC (Due Date /

Status)

9


R

9.1 a) Exposure to

known & unknown

bacteria, fungal &

viruses

9.1 a) Sick

9.1 b) Fatality

9.1 a) Competency &


2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL

10


R


object

10.1 a) Sick

10.1 b) Fatality

10.1 a)Competency &


2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL

11

Using X-ray machine

R

11 a) Exposure to


11.1 a) Cancer

11.1 b) Fatality


PPE to be worn



2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL



12 a) Pollution to



water, soil


PPE to be worn

2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL


LIKELIHOOD SEVERITY








1 2 3


No Activities / Equipment/ Faculties

R/NR*

Hazard Consequences

1 handling patients, contaminated objects, body secretions, tissue or fluids

R Infectious Diseases Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) can be spread

2 Using X-ray machineR

Exposure to radioactive and radiation

Cancer Fatality

3 Handling patients & moving objects R

Heavy lifting and frequent bending or twisting when moving objects or patients

Back injuries

4 Dealing with angry and stressed patients and their families.

R

Health care workers are at risk from violence

Workplace violence can result in loss of sleep, fear or depression, post traumatic stress disorder



JOB TITLE : Working in Clinic

Human behaviour, capabilities and other

human factors.

Hazard from the vicinity of the workplace.

Hazard from outside workplace.


•Human behaviour, unsafe acts

Man

•Installation, layout and design of equipment

Machinery

•Substances such as chemicals and gases use in the workplace

Materials

•The way people carry out their work

Method

•Workplace condition i.e. air quality, ventilation, lighting, noise, vibration etc.

Media


5M

1

2

3

4

5

Accident/incident

investigation reportInjury records

Workplace health

program

Result of workplace

inspection/audit

Complaint and

comments

Report from

regulatory bodies

Record of hazardous

substances (CSDS)

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION TECHNIQUES

1

63

5

4

2

7



R/NR*

Hazard Consequences





Cancer Fatality



Back injuries


R





JOB TITLE : Working in Clinic


Doc No.



No




Recommended Control

Measures

PIC (Due Date /

Status)

9


R

9.1 a) Exposure to

known & unknown

bacteria, fungal &

viruses

9.1 a) Sick

9.1 b) Fatality

9.1 a) Competency &


2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL

10


R


object

10.1 a) Sick

10.1 b) Fatality

10.1 a)Competency &


2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL

11

Using X-ray machine

R

11 a) Exposure to


11.1 a) Cancer

11.1 b) Fatality


PPE to be worn



2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL



12 a) Pollution to



water, soil


PPE to be worn

2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL


LIKELIHOOD SEVERITY








1 2 3

RISK ASSESSMENT

Current Risk Control Likelihood Severity Risk Level

Wash hands frequently (proper hand washing is the best way to prevent communicable diseases)

3 3 9 (M)

Competency & Proper PPE to be wornSafe work distance, allowable exposure limit 2 2 4 (L)

Use proper lifting technique 3 3 9 (M)

Follow policies and intervention guidelines 3 3 9 (M)


LIKELIHOOD SEVERITYMost Likely (5) The most likely result of the hazard /

event being realizedCatastrophic (5) Numerous fatalities

Possible (4) Has a good change of occurring and is not unusual (1-5 years)

Fatal (4) Approximately one single fatality

Conceivable (3) Might be occur at sometime in future(5-10 years)

Serious (3) Non-fatal injury, permanent disability or > 4 days MC

Remote (2) Has not been known to occur after many years (10 yrs)

Minor (2) Disabling but not permanent injury or 1-4 days MC

Inconceivable (1) Is practically impossible and has never occurred

Negligible (1) Minor abrasions, bruises, cut, first aid type injury

RISK = LIKELIHOOD X SEVERITY 15 - 25 : HIGH RISK 5-12 : MEDIUM RISK

1 - 4 : LOW RISK

RISK

Likelihood x Severity

Likelihood – is an event likely to occur within specific

time period or in specified circumstance,

Severity – is outcome from an event such as severity of

injury or health to people

RISK ASSESSMENT

•The most likely result of the hazard / event

being realized Most likely (5)

•Has good chance of occurring and is not

unusual (1-5 years)Possible (4)

•Might be occur in future (5-10 years)Conceivable (3)

•Has not be known to occur after many years

(after 10 years)Remote (2)

• Is practically impossible and has never

occurred.Inconceivable (1)

LIKELIHOOD

•Numerous fatality, irrecoverable property

damage and productivity.Catastrophic (5)

•Approximately one single fatality, major

property damages.Fatal (4)

•Non-fatal injury, permanent disability or

LTI > 4 days MC.Serious (3)

•Disabling but not permanent injury or LTI

1-4 days MCMinor (2)

•Minor abrasions, bruises, cut, first aid

type injury.Negligible (1)

SEVERITY

HIGH (15-25)

•Requires

immediate action

to control the

hazard. Action

must be

documented on

the risk

assessment form

including date for

completion.

MEDIUM (5-12)

•Requires a planned

approach to

control the hazard

and applies

temporary

measure if

required. Action

must be

documented on

the risk

assessment form

including date of

completion.

LOW (1-4)

•Acceptable and

further reduction

may not be

necessary.

Risk = Likelihood x Severity

RISK ASSESSMENT



3 3 9 (M)
















1 - 4 : LOW RISK


Doc No.



No




Recommended Control

Measures

PIC (Due Date /

Status)

9


R

9.1 a) Exposure to

known & unknown

bacteria, fungal &

viruses

9.1 a) Sick

9.1 b) Fatality

9.1 a) Competency &


2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL

10


R


object

10.1 a) Sick

10.1 b) Fatality

10.1 a)Competency &


2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL

11

Using X-ray machine

R

11 a) Exposure to


11.1 a) Cancer

11.1 b) Fatality


PPE to be worn



2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL



12 a) Pollution to



water, soil


PPE to be worn

2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL


LIKELIHOOD SEVERITY








1 2 3

RISK CONTROL

Type of Control Recommended Control Measures

PIC (Due Date / Status)

Administrative Ensure availability of gloves and other protective equipment and cleansing agents

Mr. A (30/12/2012)

NIL NIL

Administrative Train staff on proper lifting techniques

Mr. B (30/12/2012)

Administrative Train staff on diffusing situations and intervention procedures

Mr. C (30/12/2012)


Tolerable Risk

Risk that has been reduce to a level that can be accepted by the

organisation having regard to its legal obligations and its own OH&S

policy.

Safety

freedom from unacceptable risk of harm

Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment & Risk Control

(HIRARC)

Substitution

PPE

Administrative control

Engineering control

Isolation

Elimination

HIERARCHY OF CONTROL

1. ELIMINATION

•Remove hazard from workplace

•Get rid the hazardous job, tools, process,

equipment, machines or substances


2. SUBSTITUTION

•Doing the same work in less hazardous way.

•Replace of substances with a less hazardous

substances.


3. ISOLATION

•Keep hazard away from workers

• Install guard, barrier

•Lockout system

•Safe clearance


4. ENGINEERING CONTROL

•Modification

•Redesign

•Local exhaust ventilation


5. ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL

• Implement policies, procedures and training.

•Signages

•Supervision

• Inspection


6. PPE

Safety helmet, mask, safety shoe, apron, rubber mat,

gloves, ear muff etc.


RISK CONTROL




Mr. A (30/12/2012)

NIL NIL


Mr. B (30/12/2012)


Mr. C (30/12/2012)


SUMMARY


Doc No.



No




Recommended Control

Measures

PIC (Due Date /

Status)

9


R

9.1 a) Exposure to

known & unknown

bacteria, fungal &

viruses

9.1 a) Sick

9.1 b) Fatality

9.1 a) Competency &


2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL

10


R


object

10.1 a) Sick

10.1 b) Fatality

10.1 a)Competency &


2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL

11

Using X-ray machine

R

11 a) Exposure to


11.1 a) Cancer

11.1 b) Fatality


PPE to be worn



2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL



12 a) Pollution to



water, soil


PPE to be worn

2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL


LIKELIHOOD SEVERITY








1 2 3



R/NR*

Hazard Consequences





Cancer Fatality



Back injuries


R





JOB TITLE : Working in Clinic1

RISK ASSESSMENT



3 3 9 (M)
















1 - 4 : LOW RISK

2

RISK CONTROL




Mr. A (30/12/2012)

NIL NIL


Mr. B (30/12/2012)


Mr. C (30/12/2012)


3

Set a Process to review OHS Hazards & Risk

Output/ results can be used to review :

Standard Operating Procedures (SOP)

Training Materials

Internal Audit

Management Review/ Continuous Improvement

Justification for Budget allocations

SUMMARY

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