Head and Face

Anatomy

Eyes Ears Nose Jaw Mouth Brain

“Black eye”

Laceration

Eyes Conjunctivitis: “Pink eye”

Eyes

Hyphema Pooling of blood in the eye

Ears

Auricular hematoma Otitis externa

Auricular hematoma

“Cauliflower ear” For cauliflower ear to form, the ear

has to be struck hard enough for a blood clot to develop.

Treatments

Treatments

Treatments

Otitis externa

“Swimmer’s ear” Too much moisture in the ear can

irritate and break down the skin in the canal, allowing bacteria or fungi inside.

How to keep this from occurring?

Nose

Deviated septum Epistaxis

Deviated septum “Broken nose” Caused from a

direct blow.

Epistaxis “Nosebleed” Can be caused by a direct blow or weak

blood vessels.

Treatment

Jaw Broken jaw Again, from a

direct blow.

Mouth

Lips Teeth

Lips

Lacerated lip “Fat lip” Braces in lip

Teeth Broken teeth

Brain

Concussion

Concussion

Loss or impairment of neurological function of the brain

A player does not need to lose consciousness to have a concussion

Symptoms are now classified as mild, moderate or severe

Concussion

Classifications of concussions

http://cpancf.com/headinjuryclassification.asp

Mild concussion symptoms

Grade 1: You did not lose consciousness (were not "knocked out"). You may have been dazed or confused for a short time after the injury. Normal thinking and behavior returns within 20 minutes of the injury.

Moderate Concussion symptoms

Grade 2: You did not lose consciousness, but you did not think clearly for more than 20 minutes after the injury. Also, you may not remember what happened.

Severe Concussion symptoms

Grade 3: You lost consciousness for a short time. Also, you may not remember what happened.

What are the signs and symptoms of a concussion? Mild to moderate headache.

Dizziness or loss of balance.

Nausea (feeling sick) or vomiting (throwing up).

Change in mood (such as restlessness or irritability).

Trouble thinking, remembering things, or concentrating (giving full attention to one thing for a period of time).

Ringing in the ears. (tinnitis)

Drowsiness or decreased amount of energy.

Change in normal sleeping pattern (you may sleep more than usual or cannot sleep).

Evaluation of Concussion

History Observation Palpation Stress Tests

IHSA concussion protocol

http://www.ihsa.org/documents/sportsMedicine/IHSA_Protocols_for_NFHS_Concussion_Playing_Rule.pdf

History

Where does it hurt? Do you remember what happened? Nausea? Tinnitis?

Observation Watch how they move. Deformity Breathing PEARL- pupils equal and reactive to light Nystagmus- “dancing eye” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oUlUVWQx7zI&feature=related

Blurred or double vision? Memory- counting backwards, remember

three words

Palpation

For signs of deformity Unusually low pulse

Stress Tests

Rhomberg test http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4hOSkmDYAR4

Coordination tests

Concussion checklist

http://www.cdc.gov/concussion/pdf/TBI_schools_checklist_508-a.pdf

After concusion #10