HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFAREEleventh five year plan

(AYUSH)

INTRODUCTION

One of the objective of Eleventh Five Year plan is to provide good health for people, especially the poor and the

underprivileged.

The strong link between poverty and ill health need to be recognized.

High health care costs can lead exacerbation of poverty.

We need to transform public health care into an accountable accessible and affordable system of quality services.

AYUSHSince Independence, india has built up a vast Health infrastructure and health personnel at primary, secondary and tertiary care in public health , voluntary and private sectors . For producing skilled human resources, a number of medical and paramedical institutions including Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy (AYUSH) institution have been set up.

The major thrust in Allopathic as well as AYUSH will be given to the following areas:

• Improving diagnosis, treatment delivery, and development of new tools for the diagnosis and treatment• Integrating disease control programmes within primary health care system• Cost effectiveness analysis of different regimen for prevention and treatment of diseases• Quality of lab-diagnosis, lab related factors, periodic training, adequacy of reagents, kits and good microscopy.• Delayed diagnosis: community factors, surveillance factors, lab factors, and health system factors• Up gradation of drug delivery system: surveillance mechanisms• Research on poor drug compliance rate: community, social, educational, ethnic, cultural, and health system factors• Research on social determinants of health, health care seeking, and the epidemiological web

HEALTH INITIATIVE

Improving Health Equity

Improving survival

Decentralizing governance

Establishing Good health

Focusing on Neglected Areas

Focus on Bio-Medical

Research

Time-Bound Goals for the Eleventh• Reducing Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) to 1 per 1000 live births.

• Reducing Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) to 28 per 1000 live births.

• Reducing Total Fertility Rate (TFR) to 2.1.

• Providing clean drinking water for all by 2009 and ensuring no slip- backs.

• Reducing malnutrition among children of age group 0–3 to half its present level.

• Reducing anaemia among women and girls by 50%.

• Raising the sex ratio for age group 0–6 to 935 by 2011–12 and 950 by 2016–17.

Enhancing efforts at disease reduction

Launching new initiatives (Rabies, Fluorosis, Leptospirosis)

Focusing on excluded/neglected areas

Taking care of the Older persons.

Reducing Disability and integrating disabled Providing humane Mental Health services.

Providing Oral Health services.

Providing focus to Health System and Bio-Medical research

Increasing focus on Health Human Resources Improving Medical, Paramedical, Nursing, and Dental education, and availability.

AYUSH education and utilization Reintroducing licentiate course in medicine

Improving Health Equity

NRHM

NUHM

Increasing Survival

Reducing Infant and Child mortality.

Reducing Maternal mortality

Sex ratio

Decentralizing governance

Increasing the role of NGOs

Protecting the poor from health expenditures

Creating mechanisms for Health Insurance.

Establishing e- Health

Adapting IT for governance (HMIS)

Increasing role of telemedicine

Thrust areas to be pursued during the Eleventh year plan are summarized below:

• Promote access to improved health care at household level through the female health activist (ASHA).

• Health Plan for each village through Village Health Committee of the Panchayat.

• Integrate vertical health and family welfare Programmes at national, State, and district levels.

• Technical Support to National, State, and District Health Missions for Public Health Management.

• Formulate transparent policies for deployment and career development of Human Resources for health.

• Promote non-profit sector particularly in underserved areas

STRATEGIES OF HEALTH SECTOR

JANANI SURAKSHA YOJANA

Sarva Swassthya Abhiyan

Diseases endless

Sarva Swassthya Abhiyan

NRHM has been launched for meeting health needs of all age groups and to reduce disease burden across rural India.NUHM will be launched to mmet the unmet needs of the urban population (28.6 crore in 2001 and 35.7 crore in 2011). As per the 2001 Census, 4.26 crore lived in urban slums spread over 640 towns and cities. The number is growing. NUHM based on health insurance and PPP will provide integrated health service delivery to the urban poor. Initially, thefocus will be on urban slums. NUHM will be aligned with NRHM and existing urban schemes.Besides, Sarva Swasthya Abhiyan aims for inclusive growth by finding solutions for strengthening health services and focusing on neglected areas and groups.

JANANI SURAKSHA YOJANA (JSY)

The JSY scheme is meant to promote institutional delivery, it has to take two critical factors into account, one being that India does not have the institutional capacity (International Institute of Population Sciences [IIPS], 2003) to receive the 26 million women giving birth each year, and the other being that around half of all maternal deaths occur outside of delivery, during pregnancy, abortions, and postpartum complications. If institutions are preoccupied with handling the huge numbers of normal childbirths, there will be inevitable neglect of life-threatening complications faced by women. They will be compelled to vacate beds in the shortest time. Consequently, complications during pregnancy and after childbirth will not be given attention. Second, JSY money sometimes does not reach hospitals on time, and as a result, poor women and their families do not receive the promised money.

DRAWBACKS OF HEALTH SECTOR

1. Centralized planning instead of decentralized planning and using locally relevant strategies.

2. Inflexible financing and limited scope for innovations.

3. No prescribed standards of quality.

4. Inability of system to mobilize action in areas of safe water, sanitation, hygiene, and nutrition (key determinants of health in the context of our country)—lack of convergence.

5. Inadequate provision of human resources