health and safety at workplace presentation
TRANSCRIPT
-
7/30/2019 Health and Safety at Workplace Presentation
1/25
April 25, 2013 1
HEALTH AND SAFETY ATWORKPLACE
PRESENTED BY
Gordon NyakitiEmbu Agricultural Staff Training
College - Embu
-
7/30/2019 Health and Safety at Workplace Presentation
2/25
April 25, 2013 2
1.0 INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW
Issues relating to Health ,Safety and Welfare at Workplace are regulated by Occupational Safety and HealthAct - 2007. Further, the Directorate of OccupationalSafety and Health Services under the Ministry of Labourand Human Resources Development has also developedrecommendations under Legal Notice (LN) No. 31 of2004 outlining workplace safety , health & welfare inrelation to corporate objectives.
Requirements under these regulations on Health , Safety& Welfare at work places aim to ensure that workplacesmeet the health, safety and welfare needs of allmembers of workforce, including pple with disabilities:
-
7/30/2019 Health and Safety at Workplace Presentation
3/25
April 25, 2013 3
1.1 Definitions of Pertinent Terms Work Place- Factories, Shops, Offices, Schools, Hospitals,
Hotels , entertainment places, Common Partsof Shared Buildings, Private Roads, TemporaryWorksites except construction sites
Work - Means work as an employee or selfemployed
Premises- Means any place including an outdoorplace
Domestic Premises Means private dwellingRegulations do
not apply to domestic premises Occupational Anything connected with a persons job or
profession
Health - State of being physically and mentally fit Safety State of being safe and protected form danger or
harm
Occupational health and safety- Is health and safety that is connected with a
persons job or profession.
-
7/30/2019 Health and Safety at Workplace Presentation
4/25
April 25, 2013 4
Hazard- Is any condition or situation that haspotential for causing harm or damage
to exposed persons or property
Risk- The probability/likelihood of occurrenceof an adverse effect from a substance
on pple or environment combined with
the magnitude of the consequence of
that adverse effect.
Dangerous Situation or condition whose risk is
high.
-
7/30/2019 Health and Safety at Workplace Presentation
5/25
April 25, 2013 5
2.0 HEALTH
Measures outlined under here contribute to the general workingenvironment of pple in the workplace. The measures are as below:
2.1 Ventilation
Workplace must be adequately ventilated. Fresh clean air should bedrawn from a source outside workplace
Ventilation should remove and dilute warm, humid air and provide airmovement which gives a sense of freshness w/out causing draught
Windows or other opening provide sufficient ventilation but where
appropriate, mechanical ventilation should be provided
-
7/30/2019 Health and Safety at Workplace Presentation
6/25
April 25, 2013 6
2.2 Indoor Temperatures
Individual personal preference makes it difficult to specify athermal environment that satisfies all ( Thermal comfort)
For sedentary activities i.e. office work , temp should be atleast 16oC
For intense activities, temp should be at least 13oC
-
7/30/2019 Health and Safety at Workplace Presentation
7/25
April 25, 2013 7
2.3 Work in Hot or Cold Environments
Risks to workers increase as the conditions move further fromacceptable levels
Risk conditions such as high temp areas like foundries, glass works
and laundries may result in heat stress
Cold stress may emanate from working in cold stores, foodpreparation and open air spaces during winter Mitigation measures to address the two extreme environment conditions
may include
- Insulation of hot radiant sources
-
7/30/2019 Health and Safety at Workplace Presentation
8/25
April 25, 2013 8
- Orientating buildings to reduce the effects of solar loading or use ofblinds, shutters on windows
- Excessive sweating workers should have rest breaks in btwn andfacility to change into dry clothing
- Medical pre-selection of workers to withstand conditions
- Use of suitable protective clothing (heat resistant or insulation)
- Acclimatisation of workers to the environment
- Training in the precautions to be taken
- Supervision to ensure that precautions identified are taken
-
7/30/2019 Health and Safety at Workplace Presentation
9/25
April 25, 2013 9
2.4 Lighting
Lighting should be sufficient to enable pple to work and move aboutsafely
If necessary, local lighting should be provided at individual
workstations and crossing points especially on traffic routes
Automatic emergency lighting, powered by an independent source,should be provided where sudden loss of light would create a risk
-
7/30/2019 Health and Safety at Workplace Presentation
10/25
April 25, 2013 10
2.5 Cleanliness and Waste Management
Every workplace should be kept clean
Surface floors, walls and ceilings should be kept clean
Wastes should be disposed in suitable receptacles ( bins, wastebaskets etc)
-
7/30/2019 Health and Safety at Workplace Presentation
11/25
April 25, 2013 11
2.6 Room Dimensions and Space
Workroom should have enough free space to allow pple to moveabout with ease
Volume of the room when empty divided by the number of pplenormally working in it should be at least 11 cubic metres
All or part of a room over 3 m high should be counted as 3 m high
11 cubic metres per person is a minimum and may be insufficientdepending on the layout, contents and the nature of the work
-
7/30/2019 Health and Safety at Workplace Presentation
12/25
April 25, 2013 12
2.7 Workstations and Seating
Workstation should be suitable for the pple using them and forthe work they do
Pple should be able to leave workstations swiftly in anemergency
If work can or must be done sitting, seats which are suitable forthe pple using them and for the work they do should be provided
Seating should give adequate support for the lower back, andfootrests should be provided for workers who cannot place their
feet flat on the floor
-
7/30/2019 Health and Safety at Workplace Presentation
13/25
April 25, 2013 13
3.0 SAFETY
Measures outlined under here contribute to safe anduninterruptible general working environment of facilitiesand pple in the workplace. The measures are as below:
3.1 Maintenance
Maintain workplace and equipment in efficient working order Equipment requiring such maintenance include mechanical
ventilation systems and devices which would cause a risk tohealth, safety or welfare if a fault occurred
Condition of buildings should be monitored to ensureappropriate stability and solidity for their use
-
7/30/2019 Health and Safety at Workplace Presentation
14/25
April 25, 2013 14
3.2 Floors and Traffic Routes
Traffic Route Means a route for pedestrian traffic, vehicles or both andincludes any stairs, fixed ladder, doorway, gateway, loading bay or
ramp
There should be sufficient traffic routes, of sufficient width andheadroom to allow people and vehicles to circulate safely with ease
Swinging barriers should be locked open or locked shut preferablyby padlock so that they do not swing open and constitute a risk tooncoming vehicles Electronic Gate
If pple and vehicles have to share a traffic route, use kerbs, barriersof clear markings to designate a safe walkway and for crossing,provide a clearly marked crossings points with good visibility, bridgesor subways
Set appropriate speed limits and ensure that traffic rules are adheredto
Provide route markings and signs so that drivers and pedestriansknow where to go and what rules to apply
-
7/30/2019 Health and Safety at Workplace Presentation
15/25
April 25, 2013 15
Loading bays should have at least one exit point from the lowerlevel
Where a load is tipped into a pit or similar place, and vehicle is
liable to fall into it, barriers or portable wheel stops should beprovided at the end of the traffic route
Floors and traffic routes should be sound and strong enough forthe loads placed on them and traffic expected to use them. Floorsurfaces should be even, non slippery and kept free ofobstructions
Open sides of staircases should be fenced with an upper rail at900 mm or higher and lower rail. A handrail should be providedon at least one side of every stair case and on both sides if thereis a particular risk. Additional handrails may be required downthe centre of wide staircases
Access btwn flrs should not be by ladders or steep stairs
-
7/30/2019 Health and Safety at Workplace Presentation
16/25
April 25, 2013 16
3.3 Falls into Dangerous Substances
The consequences of falling into dangerous placesare so serious that a high standard of protectionis requiredDangerous places include tanks, furnaces, pits etc
Dangerous structures should be securely fenced orwell covered
Traffic routes associated with them should also be
securely fenced
-
7/30/2019 Health and Safety at Workplace Presentation
17/25
April 25, 2013 17
3.4 Transparent or Translucent Doors, Gates, Walls &Windows
3.4.1 Windows
Openable windows,skylights and ventilators shouldbe capable of being opened, closed or adjusted safelyand when open should not pose any undue risk to
anyoneWindows and skylights should be designed so that
they may be cleaned safely
-
7/30/2019 Health and Safety at Workplace Presentation
18/25
April 25, 2013 18
3.4.2 Doors and Gates
Doors and gates should be suitably constructed and fitted withsafety devices if necessary
Doors and gates which swing both ways and conventionallyhinged doors on main traffic routes should have a transparentviewing panel
Power operated doors and gates should have safety features toprevent pple being stuck or trapped and where necessary shouldhave a readily identifiable and accessible control switch or deviceso that they can be stopped quickly in an emergency
Upward opening doors or gates need to be fitted with aneffective device to prevent them falling back counterbalance
springs and similar counterbalance or ratchet devices to holdthem in position are acceptable
-
7/30/2019 Health and Safety at Workplace Presentation
19/25
April 25, 2013 19
3.4.3 Escalators and MovingWalkways
Should function properly and safely Be equipped with any necessary safety
devices
Be fitted with one or more emergency stopcontrols which are easily identifiable andreadily accessible
-
7/30/2019 Health and Safety at Workplace Presentation
20/25
April 25, 2013 20
3.0 WEFARE
3.1 Sanitary Conveniences and Washing Facilities
Suitable & sufficient sanitary conveniences and washing facilities shouldbe provided at readily accessible places
Washing facilities should have running hot or cold or warm water, soapand clean towels or other means of cleaning or drying
Depending on the requirements of the type of work, showers shouldalso be provided Ladies and gentlemen should have separate facilities unless each
facility is in separate room with a lockable door and is for use by onlyone person at a time
-
7/30/2019 Health and Safety at Workplace Presentation
21/25
April 25, 2013 21
3.2 Drinking Water
Provide adequate supply of high quality drinking water with anupward drinking jet or suitable cups
Provide water in refillable enclosed containers where it cannotbe obtained directly from a mains supply
The containers should be refilled at least daily ( unless they are
chilled water dispensers where the containers are returned tothe supplier for refilling)
Bottled wate/water dispensing systems may still be provided asa secondary source of drinking water
Drinking water does not have to be marked unless there is a
significant risk of pple drinking non drinking water
-
7/30/2019 Health and Safety at Workplace Presentation
22/25
April 25, 2013 22
3.3 Accommodation for Clothing & Facilities forChanging
Provide adequate , suitable and secure space to storeworkers own clothing and special clothing
As far as reasonably practicable, the facilities shouldallow for drying of clothes
Provide changing facilities for workers changing intospecial work clothing.
The facilities should be readily accessible fromworkrooms and washing and eating places
The facility should ensure the privacy of the use, be
of sufficient capacity and provided with seating
-
7/30/2019 Health and Safety at Workplace Presentation
23/25
April 25, 2013 23
3.4 Facilities for Rest and to eat meals
Provide suitable, sufficient, readily accessible rest facility Provide seats for workers to use during breaks
Rest areas should be large enough and have sufficient seats with backrests andtables for the number of workers likely to use them at any time including suitableaccess and seating which is adequate for the number of disabled pple at work
Where workers regularly eat meals at work, suitable and sufficient facilitiesshould be provided for the purpose
Work areas can be counted as rest areas and as eating facilities, provided theyare adequately clean and there is suitable surface on which to place food
Where provided, eating facilities should include places for preparing or obtaininga hot drink. Where hot food cannot be obtained in or reasonably near to theworkplace, workers may need to be provided with a means for heating their ownfood (eg microwave oven)
Canteens or restaurants may be used as rest facilities provided there is noobligation to purchase food
Suitable rest facilities should be provided for pregnant women and nursingmothers. They should be near to sanitary facilities and where necessary include
the facility to lie down.
-
7/30/2019 Health and Safety at Workplace Presentation
24/25
April 25, 2013 24
STOP PRESS:
Consider this statement from a Medical Doctor :
Before I got into medical school, I knew what I was going todohelp people get healthy. But instead of becoming
expert in health, I became an expert in Diseases.
-
7/30/2019 Health and Safety at Workplace Presentation
25/25
April 25, 2013 25
THANK YOU AND MAY I
WELLCOME COMMENTS,
CRITIQUES AND
OBSERVATIONS.