health and safety program 2014a
DESCRIPTION
Health and Safety Program Winter 2014TRANSCRIPT
Winter Program
HEALTH AND SAFETY PROGRAM 2014
AGENDAWorker Health and Safety Awareness
WHMISFall Arrest
BREAKErgonomicsPPEHazard ReportingEmployee Handbook- Company Policies and Procedures
On November 15, 2013, The Ministry of Labour announced a new regulation that impacts Ontario workplaces. Eff ective July 1, 2014, employers must ensure all workers and supervisors have completed a basic occupational health and safety awareness training program.
WORKER HEALTH AND SAFETY AWARENESS PROGRAM
ONTARIO REGULATION 297/13
Basic occupational health and safety awareness training — workers
1. (1) An employer shall ensure that a worker who performs work for the employer completes a basic occupational health and safety awareness training program that meets the requirements set out in subsection (3) as soon as practicable.
(2) Subsection (1) does not apply if,(a) the worker previously completed a basic occupational health and safety awareness training program and provides the employer with proof of completion of the training; and(b) the employer verifies that the previous training meets the requirements set out in subsection (3).
(3) A basic occupational health and safety awareness training program for workers must include instruction on the following:
1. The duties and rights of workers under the Act. 2. The duties of employers and supervisors under the Act. 3. The roles of health and safety representatives and joint health and safety committees under the Act. 4. The roles of the Ministry, the Workplace Safety and Insurance Board and entities designated under section 22.5 of the Act with respect to occupational health and safety.5. Common workplace hazards. 6. The requirements set out in Regulation 860 (Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS)) with respect to information and instruction on controlled products. 7. Occupational illness, including latency.
ONTARIO REGULATION 297/13
Basic occupational health and safety awareness training — supervisors
2. (1) An employer shall ensure that a supervisor who performs work for the employer completes a basic occupational health and safety awareness training program that meets the requirements set out in subsection (3) within one week of performing work as a supervisor.
(2) Subsection (1) does not apply if,(a) the supervisor previously completed a basic occupational health and safety awareness training program and provides the employer with proof of completion of the training; and(b) the employer verifies that the previous training meets the requirements set out in subsection (3).
(3) A basic occupational health and safety awareness training program for supervisors must include instruction on the following:
1. The duties and rights of workers under the Act. 2. The duties of employers and supervisors under the Act. 3. The roles of health and safety representatives and joint health and safety committees under the Act. 4. The roles of the Ministry, the Workplace Safety and Insurance Board and entities designated under section 22.5 of the Act with respect to occupational health and safety.5. How to recognize, assess and control workplace hazards, and evaluate those controls. 6. Sources of information on occupational health and safety.
In order for CND crane to ensure compliance with this new regulation all employees have been provided with:
Worker Health and Safety Awareness in 4 Steps
Worker Handbook
Please complete the book including all quiz
COMPLIANCE- BOOKLET
Please review the roles and responsibilities section of our H&S binder along with our company policy.
ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
WHMIS
Workplace
Hazardous
Materials
Information
System
WHMIS IS…
The Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System is a Canada-wide system designed to give employers and workers information about hazardous materials used in the workplace.
WHMIS standards are coordinated between both Federal and Provincial governments.
Ontario Workplace Health and Safety Act and Regulations sets the WHMIS requirements.
WHMIS HAS 3 MAIN PARTS
Labels – provide information about the hazards of the product
Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) – provide further detailed information
Education – how to use the information provided
THE GOAL IS…
Identify 6 Classes of Controlled Products
Understand the Main Hazards associated with each class
Recognize and understand the two types of WHMIS labels
Understand how to use Material Safety Data Sheets
A CONTROLLED PRODUCT IS…
A Controlled Product is any substance or material which meets any of the criteria for inclusion in one or more of the six WHMIS Hazard Classes as defined in the Federal Controlled Product Regulation.
Under WHMIS , there is no comprehensive list of controlled products but only a list of hazard criteria.
WHMIS DOES NOT APPLY
When WHMIS does not apply there may be another Act or regulation that does.
WHMIS does not apply to controlled products that are:
Wood or a product made of wood
Tobacco or a product made of tobacco
A manufactured item that will not release chemicals
Products transported under the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act
WHMIS does not apply to products covered by:
Explosives Act
Food and Drugs Act
Pest Control Products Act
Certain products in the Hazardous Products Act Nuclear Safety and Control Act
WHMIS DOES NOT APPLY
There are 6 Hazard Classes
HAZARD CLASSES & SYMBOLS
Class A: Compressed GasClass B: Flammable and Combustible MaterialClass C: Oxidizing MaterialClass D: Poisonous and Infectious MaterialClass E: Corrosive MaterialClass F: Dangerously Reactive Material
HAZARDOUS CLASSES
“Supplier" means a person who is a manufacturer, processor or packager of a controlled product or a person who, in the course of business, imports or sells controlled products;
SUPPLIER DEFINED
FLOW OF INFORMATION
Producer
Supplier
Importer
Supplier label
MSDS
Employer
JHSC
input
Worker Training
Informed worker
LABELS
Two Types:
1. Supplier labels (developed and provided by the supplier)
2. Workplace labels (developed and used in the workplace)
SUPPLIER LABEL: DESIGN AND APPLICATION
Content layout: not legislated Border: specific Colour: not legislated Legibility: distinct; good contrast Durability: able to withstand normal use Application: imprinted; stencilled; attached Language: English and French
LABELS
The following must be included on a supplier label:
Product NameWHMIS SymbolsRisk PhrasesPrecautionary MeasuresFirst Aid MeasuresMSDS ReferenceSupplier Name
All information must be within a hatched border
Supplier Labels
Workplace Labels
Must be present on:
Products decanted or transferred from an original container
Product where original label is lost or becomes illegible
Products produced and used at the workplace
WHAT IS THE KEY TO EVERYDAY WHMIS
IN THE WORKPLACE?
HAZARD SYMBOLS!
HAZARD SYMBOLS
WHAT DOES THIS SYMBOL MEAN?
WHAT DO WE KNOW?
Compressed Gas(Class A):
Poses an explosion danger because the gas is under pressure Container may explode if heated or dropped Container may become a projectile if the stem is broken off
EXAMPLES
Compressed Gas(Class A):
Examples: OxygenAcetylenePropaneSpray paintEtc.
COMPRESSED GAS ACCIDENT
WHAT DOES THIS SYMBOL MEAN?
WHAT DO WE KNOW?
Combustible and Flammable Material(Class B):
Will burn and is therefore a potential fire hazard May burn at relatively low temperatures; flammable materials catch fire at lower temperatures than combustible materials May burst into flame spontaneously in air, or release a flammable gas on contact with water May cause a fire when exposed to heat, sparks, or flames, or as a result of friction
EXAMPLES
Combustible and Flammable Material(Class B):
Flammable:Butane, propane, hydrogen gas, acetone, gasoline, isopropyl alcohol, magnesium alloys, etc.
Combustible:Kerosene, diesel, mineral spirits, varnish, etc.
FLAMMABLE
Vapours + Spark = Fire
FLAMMABLE GAS ACCIDENT
WHAT DOES THIS SYMBOL MEAN?
WHAT DO WE KNOW?
Oxidizing Material (Class C):
Poses a fire and/or explosion risk in the presence of flammable or combustible material May react violently when it comes into contact with combustible materials such as fuels or wood May burn skin and eyes upon contact
EXAMPLES
Oxidizing Material (Class C):
Examples:
Perchloric acidHydrogen peroxideNitric acidCompressed oxygenOzone
OXIDIZING ACCIDENT
WHAT DOES THIS SYMBOL MEAN?
WHAT DO WE KNOW?
Poisonous and Infectious Material(Class D, Division 1):
Is a potentially fatal poisonous substance May be fatal or cause permanent damage if it is inhaled or swallowed or if it enters the body through skin contact May burn eyes or skin upon contact
EXAMPLES
Poisonous and Infectious Material(Class D, Division 1):
Examples: Sodium cyanideHydrogen sulphideCarbon monoxideSulphuric acidToluene
WHAT DOES THIS SYMBOL MEAN?
WHAT DO WE KNOW?
Poisonous and Infectious Material: Other Toxic Effects (Class D, Division 2):
Not immediately dangerous to health May cause death or permanent damage as a result of repeated exposure over time May be a sensitizer, which produces allergic reactions May cause cancers, birth defects, or sterility
EXAMPLES
Poisonous and Infectious Material: Other Toxic Effects (Class D, Division 2):
Examples:
AsbestosLeadCadmiumBenzeneMercury
WHAT DOES THIS SYMBOL MEAN?
WHAT DO WE KNOW?
May cause a serious disease resulting in illness (AIDS, Hepatitis) or death Can also include tetanus protection
Poisonous and Infectious Material: Biohazardous, infectious material
(Class D, Division 3):
EXAMPLES
Examples: Salmonella bacteriaHepatitis B virusHIV-AIDSParasites Bodily fluids, such as blood and urine
Poisonous and Infectious Material: Biohazardous, infectious material
(Class D, Division 3):
WHAT DOES THIS SYMBOL MEAN?
WHAT DO WE KNOW?
Corrosive Material (Class E):
Causes severe eye and skin irritation upon contact Causes severe tissue damage with prolonged contact Often produces vapour or fumes that may be harmful if inhaled
EXAMPLES
Corrosive Material(Class E):
Examples:
Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda)Hydrochloric acidNitric acidSulphuric acid
WHAT DOES THIS SYMBOL MEAN?
WHAT DO WE KNOW?
Dangerously Reactive Material(Class F):
Is very unstable May react with water to release a toxic or flammable gas May explode as a result of shock, friction or an increase in temperature May explode if heated when in a closed container Undergoes vigorous polymerization
EXAMPLES
Dangerously Reactive Material(Class F):
Examples:
Vinyl chloridePicric acidSome cyanides
DANGEROUSLY REACTIVE ACCIDENTS
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS
The MSDS is:
- A technical information reference for worker education, control measures and emergency response
-A document that can be distributed-A document that must be available to workers
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS
The MSDS is NOT:
- All the information needed for the safe use of a product in every possible situation
- A document only to be read and filed
MSDS REQUIRED CRITERIA
1.Product Identifier2. Ingredients3.Physical Data4.Fire and Explosion Hazards5.Reactivity Data6.Toxicological Properties7.Preventive Measures8.First Aid Measures9.Preparation Information
LOCATION, LOCATION, LOCATION
Canadian Crane Rentals MSDS are kept:
Parts Dept. All Cranes and Support
Vehicles
Please complete the WHMIS test
FALL ARREST
On Feb 18, 2014 the MOL stopped by one of our sites and issued the following citation:
I observed a worker near the open water beside the dock and ordered that fall protection or
travel restraint be used to protect them from the danger of drowning/exposure.
MOL VISIT
26. Sections 26.1 to 26.9 apply where a worker is exposed to any of the following hazards:
1. Falling more than 3 metres.2. Falling more than 1.2 metres, if the work area is used as a path for a wheelbarrow or similar equipment.3. Falling into operating machinery.4. Falling into water or another liquid.5. Falling into or onto a hazardous substance or object.6. Falling through an opening on a work surface. O. Reg. 145/00, s. 12; O. Reg. 85/04, s. 4.
LEGISLATION
WORKING NEAR WATER
DROWNING
27. (1) Despite subsections 26.1 (1) and (2), if the following conditions are met, a worker shall wear a lifejacket or other personal flotation device that is adequate:
1. The worker is exposed to a risk of drowning on a project.
2. It is not reasonably possible to install a guardrail system as subsection 26.1 (1) requires.
3. It is not reasonably possible to protect the worker adequately by means of a fall protection method as subsection 26.1 (2) requires. O. Reg. 443/09, s. 3 (1).
(2) If a worker may drown at a project,
(a) at least two workers trained to perform rescue operations shall be available to perform rescue operations;
(b) rescue equipment shall be provided in a suitable location on or near the project; and
(c) all workers on the project shall be advised of the rescue procedures to be followed and their role, if any, in carrying out a rescue. O. Reg. 213/91, s. 27 (2).
The use of a travel restraint system is recommended
if work is being done within 3 metres of a hall hazard
A travel restraint system provides enough length for a worker to work near an edge, without falling over
TRAVEL RESTRAINT SYSTEM
Where workers cannot be protected from falls by guardrails or travel restraint, they must be protected by at least one of the following methods:
fall-restricting systemsafety netfall-arrest system.
In the event of a fall, these systems must keep a worker from hitting the ground, the next level below, or any other objects below.
FALL-ARREST SYSTEMS
A fall-restricting system is designed to limit a worker’s free-fall distance to 0.6 metres (2 feet)
Temporary fi xed supports used for anchorage with a fall-restriction system must support at least six kilonewtons (1,350lbs) without exceeding the allowable unit stress for each material used. A safety factor of two should be applied
Components described under fall-arrest systems can be used for fall-restriction systems
Fall-restricting systems generally fasten to a sternal connection on your harness, then to a wire rope grab or fi xed ridged rail system used for climbing ladders.
FALL RESTRICTING SYSTEM
The Faint Cycle:
A fallen worker is suspended in his harness in a vertical position. Within 10-15 minutes, gravity can move blood from the brain to lower extremities, causing the worker to faint
If the worker is not rescued promptly a cycle of fainting can occur which can result in a fatality *
IN THE EVENT OF A FALL…
If a worker has fallen and is conscious, they must move their legs and feet to encourage circulation
If a worker is unconscious, a rescue must take place within 15 minutes to prevent blood from pooling
After being rescued a worker should sit down (not lie down). Blood will have pooled in the lower extremities, if the victim lies down the sudden change in pressures can damage the heart and release blood clots
IN THE EVENT OF A FALL…
There are three basic types of anchor systems for fall protection:
1) Designed fixed support – load-rated anchors specifically designed and permanently installed for fall protection purposes as an integral part of the building or structure (for example, roof anchors on high-rise buildings)
2) Temporary fixed support – anchor systems designed to be connected to the structure using specific installation instructions (for example, nail-on anchors used by shinglers)
3) Existing structural features or equipment not intended as anchor points but verified by a professional engineer or competent person as having adequate capacity to serve as anchor points (for example, roof top mechanical rooms, structural steel, or reinforced concrete columns).
ANCHOR SYSTEMS
Temporary fixed support can be used as anchorage if it meets the following conditions:
It can support at least 8 kilonewtons (1,800 pounds) without exceeding the allowable unit stress for each material used
When used with a fall-arrest system incorporating an energy absorber, it can support at least 6 kilonewtons (1,350 pounds) without exceeding the allowable unit stress for each material used
When used with a travel-restraint system, it can support at least 2 kilonewtons (450 pounds) without exceeding the allowable unit stress for each material used.
ANCHOR POINTS
As a general rule with fall-arrest systems, choose an anchor capable of supporting the weight of a small car (about 3,600 pounds).
So where on the crane can you tie off?
ANCHOR POINTS
Where are the fall arrest harnesses kept?
OUR HARNESSES
ERGONOMICS
What is ergonomics?Ergonomics i s defi ned as fi t t ing the task, too ls , mater ia ls and equ ipment in the workp lace to the worker. The goa l o f ergonomics i s to reduce the r i sk o f workers deve lop ing repet i t ive s t ra in in jur ies .
Workers are at r i sk o f in jury i f they use repet i t ive , susta ined, fo rcefu l , o r awkward exer t ions . Other r i sk factors are temperature , v ibrat ion , g loves , and contact pressure . I f two or more r i sk factors are present , there is a greater r i sk o f in jury.
For example , per forming a forcefu l l i f t once p laces a worker at less r i sk o f in jury than per forming a fo rcefu l l i f t severa l t imes per hour.
The r isk of work re lated musculoskeleta l d isorders can be reduced by apply ing ergonomics pr inc ip les. Workstat ion des ign, equipment and tools , work environment, and work organizat ion are work components that aff ect ergonomic r isk factors .
An ergonomic des ign can inc lude such factors as adjustable seat ing, angled hand tools , or a work pace that can change to sui t the worker.
ERGONOMICS
Muscular-Skeletal Disorders are any injury or i l lness of soft tissues of the upper extremity (fi ngers through upper arm), shoulders and neck, low back, and lower extremity (hips through toes) that is primarily caused or exacerbated by workplace risk factors, such as sustained and repeated exertions or awkward postures and manipulations.
Included are disorders of the muscles, nerves, tendons, l igaments, joints, cartilage and spinal disks. Medical conditions that generally develop gradually over a period of time, and do not typically result from a single instantaneous event. MSDs do not include injuries caused by slip, trips, falls, or other similar accidents. They can diff er in severity from mild periodic symptoms to severe chronic and debilitating conditions.
MUSCULAR-SKELETAL DISORDERS
Carpal tunnel syndromeEpicondylitisSynovitisMuscle strainsRaynaud's phenomenonSciaticaTendonitisRotator cuff tendonitisDe Quervains' diseaseCarpet layers kneeTrigger fi ngerLow back pain
EXAMPLES OF MSDS INCLUDE:
SYMPTOMS
Symptoms of MSDs are physical indications that your employee may be developing an MSD. Symptoms can vary in their severity depending on the amount of exposure the employee has had. Often symptoms appear gradually as muscle fatigue or pain at work that disappears during rest. Usually symptoms become more severe as exposure continues (e.g., tingling continues when your employee is at rest, numbness or pain makes it diffi cult to perform the job, and fi nally pain is so severe that the employee is unable to perform physical work activities). Examples of symptoms MSDS include:
Numbness Burning Pain Tingling Aching Stiff ness
Decreased ROMDecreased grip
and/or pinch strength
SwellingFatigueLoss of function
NumbnessBurning sensationTinglingPainCrampingStiffness
MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS:SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
IN GENERAL…
Risk hazards consist of numerous elements such as conditions of a job process, work station, or work method. Not all the below listed risk factors will be present in every MSD-producing task, nor is the existence of one of these factors necessarily suffi cient to cause a MSD.
Repetitive and /or prolonged activities Forceful exertions Prolonged static postures Exposure to heat or cold I l lumination Vibration Awkward postures, including reaching above the shoulders or behind the back Twisting the wrists and other joints. Excessive vibration from power tools Inappropriate or inadequate hand tools Continued bending at the waist Continued lifting from below knuckles or above shoulders Twisting at the waist, especially while l ifting Lifting or moving heavy objects Lifting or moving asymmetric sized objects Prolonged sitting, especially with poor posture Lack of adjustable chairs, footrests, body supports, and work surfaces Poor grips on handles Slippery footing
RISK FACTORS
Awkward postures
Static positionsReachingBending & LiftingForce
RepetitionContact stressVibrationRepetition
GOALS OF ERGONOMICS PROGRAM… REDUCE WORK-RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL
DISORDERS DEVELOPED BY WORKERS WHEN THEIR JOBS INVOLVE...
Back - Lower Neck and Upper BackUpper Extremities - Arms and HandsLower Extremities - Legs and Feet
COMMON BODY PARTS PRONE TO WORKPLACE MSDS
Engineering Controls , where feasible, are the preferred method for controlling MSD hazards. Engineering controls are the physical changes to jobs that control exposure to MSD hazards. Engineering controls act on the source of the hazard and control employee exposure to the hazard without relying on the employee to take self-protective action or intervention. Examples of engineering controls for MSD hazards include changing, modifying or redesigning the following:
Workstations Tools Facilities Equipment Materials Processes
MSD HAZARD CONTROL METHODS
Work Practice Controls are controls that reduce the l ikel ihood of exposure to MSD hazards through alteration of the manner in which a job or physical work activit ies are performed. Work practice controls also act on the source of the hazard. However, instead of physical changes to the workstation or equipment, the protection work practice controls provide is based upon the behavior of managers, supervisors and employees to fol low proper work methods. Work practice controls include procedures for safe and proper work that are understood and fol lowed by managers, supervisors and employees. Examples of work practice controls for MSD hazards include:
Safe and proper work techniques and procedures that are understood and followed by managers, supervisors and employees.
Conditioning period for new or reassigned employees. Training in the recognition of MSS hazards and work techniques that can reduce
exposure or ease task demands and burdens.
MSD HAZARD CONTROL METHODS
Administrative Controls are procedures and methods, typically instituted by the employer, that signifi cantly reduce daily exposure to MSD hazards by altering the way in which work is performed. Examples of administrative controls for MSD hazards include:
Employee rotation Job task enlargement Adjustment of work pace (e.g., slower pace) Redesign of work methods Alternative tasks Rest breaks
MSD HAZARD CONTROL METHODS
Heat/Cold: Excessive heat and humidity eff ects the body's blood circulation and causes cramps, burns/rashes and general discomfort. Cold exposures also eff ects the body's blood circulation and causes hypothermia, loss of fl exibil ity, distraction and poor dexterity. A generally comfortable temperature range is 68 to 74 degrees Fahrenheit - +/-10 degrees depending on the physical work load - with humidity between 20 to 60 percent.
Noise Level/Peaks: Excessive noise levels above 90 decibels (dBA) and noise peaks above 100 decibels (dBA) cause headaches and increases blood pressure, muscle tension and fatigue. High exposure over a long period of time causes deafness and other audiological disorders. Short term exposure causes irritabil ity and distraction.
ERGONOMIC ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
I l lumination: Under-and over- l ighted areas causes headaches, muscle strains, fat igue and eye injury. I t eff ects the body by reduced visual acuity, distractions, and glare interference. Poorly l ighted areas also provides an atmosphere for tr ip/fal l hazards and poor coordination.
I l lumination is measured with a l ight meter, s imi lar to that used by a photographer. Recommended i l lumination (measured in foot-candles) by job type:
Job Foot-candles General assembly 55 to 150 Inspections 100 to 150 Warehouse 50 to 100 Storage 10 to 50 Offi ces 100 to 200
ERGONOMIC ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
Vibration: Excessive vibration causes pain to muscles, joints and internal organs; causes nausea and trauma to the hands, arms, feet and legs. Vibration is measured by its direction, acceleration and frequency on the body.
Environment : Otherwise known as work stress, included in this category are salary administration, job positions, rest breaks, Employee attitude, and boredom. Keeping the Employment Environment up-beat is diffi cult; however, l ight colored, well l ighted, un-crowded and clean areas provide a positive environment. Employees should rest often depending on their work activity and temperature. Keeping the job moving and variation in activity reduces boredom.
ERGONOMIC ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
Using an old rule-of-thumb, i f we try to design something that everyone can use, no one wi l l be able to use it . The same principal holds true with ergonomic work station design. The idea of ergonomic work station design is to make it fi t the user. I t wi l l have to be adjustable for many body heights, s izes, weights and reaches whether sitt ing or standing.
One of the fi rst principals in Work Station Design is to consider the tal lest Employee and the Employee with the shortest reach. The reason being is that we can not shorten an Employee's height or lengthen an Employee's reach. Platforms can be used to raise shorter Employees to the proper work height. Either sitt ing or standing, the Employee should be comfortable at his work station. The arms should rest at the Employees sides and the Employees back/neck should be kept straight; therefore, the work level must be waist-high.
Standing in one place for prolonged periods may lead to a host of injuries. Sit /stand work stations should be considered. I f an Employee has to stand, providing something to lean on so the Employee wi l l have the opportunity to rest. Also, providing a heavy rubber pad to stand on wi l l help rel ieve neck, shoulder, back, and leg stress.
ERGONOMIC WORK STATION DESIGN
Ergonomic Concern Possible Recommendations
Does poor lighting lead to awkward working postures?
Light levels that are too dim or too bright can lead to awkward postures. If your light levels are too bright or too dim, tell your Joint Health and Safety Committee.
Is it too cold? Dress in several layers of clothing. Add and remove clothing as required.
Is it too Hot? Extra rest breaks may be required during times of extreme heat. Water should be readily available.
Is your work or workplace stressful? Workplace stressors like lack of control, feeling overworked, or low levels of job satisfaction can increase the risk of developing musculoskeletal injuries. Clearly defined roles and responsibilities and good communication are starting points for reducing stress at work
How is the air quality? Air quality and ergonomic problems can both lead to health effects like headaches, fatigue, and muscle soreness.
Is the workplace noisy? Investigate noise reduction methods.
WORK ENVIRONMENT
Some common injury prone positions with the body eff ect are as follows:
ERGONOMIC WORK STATION DESIGN
Work Position Body Effect
Standing in one place Varicose veins, back stress pooling of blood in legs
Sitting without back support Low back stress
Chair too high Decreased circulation, (legs dangling over end) bruises
Shoulders rounded Upper/lower back stress, respiratory distress.
Leaning forward Lower back stress
Arms extended/over-reaching Stress to arm muscles, upper back stress
Elbows "winged" Joint stress at shoulder, poor use of bicep muscles
Stepping backwards Loss of balance, displaced gravity, muscle stress
Locking knees Stress to back of knee, poor blood circulation
Ergonomic Risk Factor
Possible Recommendation
Is your chair uncomfortable? If you are required to sit, your chair should be adjustable for height and angle and support your back. Change positions frequently.
Do you have to twist or bend? Move equipment, parts, and papers closer to you. Store frequently used equipment and parts slightly above waist height.
Is lifting done above shoulder height?
Work should be performed below shoulder height. Lower the work piece or use a platform to reduce working above shoulder height
Are your elbows raised while you work?
Work heights should let you work with your elbows close to your body; for example, light assembly work or typing should be performed at elbow height.
Are your elbows raised while you work?
Work heights should let you work with your elbows close to your body; for example, light assembly work or typing should be performed at elbow height.
Do sharp edges put pressure on the skin?
Round or pad edges of guards, containers or worktables.
WORKSTATION DESIGN
CND Crane has provided the following training in the past:
Whole Body Vibrations 2012 Ergonomics and Driving 2013 Working on your Feet 2012- Safety Talk Tool Ergonomics 2013 – Safety Talk Heat Stress 2012 & 2013- Safety Talk Back Care 2013- Safety Talk
Today we are going to focus more on “Working on your Feet”
PLEASE READ THE HANDOUT AND COMPLETE THE ATTACHED QUIZ.
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
What is personal protective equipment (PPE)?
PPE is equipment worn by a worker to minimize exposure to specifi c occupational hazards. Examples of PPE include respirators, gloves, aprons, fal l protection, and ful l body suits, as wel l as head, eye and foot protection. Using PPE is only one element in a complete safety program that would use a variety of strategies to maintain a safe and healthy occupational environment. PPE does not reduce the hazard itself nor does i t guarantee permanent or total protection.
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
Hazards exist in every workplace so strategies to protect workers are essential. The priority should be the elimination and control of hazards at their source or along the path between the source and the worker. Many methods are available, and those most appropriate to the specifi c situation should be used.
Controlling a hazard at its source should be the fi rst choice because this method will eliminate it from the workplace altogether or isolate it from the worker. This approach may require substitution of a material with nonhazardous ones, isolation of hazards, addition of safety features to existing equipment, redesign of the work processes, or purchase of new equipment. When the hazard cannot be removed or controlled adequately , Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) may be used if the work process is to continue.
PPE should be considered as the last level of protection when all other methods are not available or possible.
WHAT IS THE ROLE OF PERSONAL PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT (PPE)?
Identify the hazards in the workplace, and control as best possible before using PPE
Put up signs where PPE is requiredMake sure employees always use the necessary PPE,
and that it is used properlyTrain employees in how to use the right equipment,
materials, and PPEAll PPE is maintained in good working conditionAll PPE and procedures for their use follow the
requirements set out in the OHSA
EMPLOYER RESPONSIBILITIES
Use or wear all the PPE specified on equipment, products, or material safety data sheets; that are required by your employer, the OHSA, or any regulation
Inspect your PPE before each use to make sure it is in good condition
Be sure to follow the instructions on how to use your PPE correctly
Tell your supervisor about any broken, worn, or missing PPE
Ask your supervisor which PPE to use for a job if you are unsure
YOUR RESPONSIBILITIES
In general, there are many types of jobs or tasks which require that PPE be worn to protect workers from harm. Always wear the appropriate PPE for the hazards that may be encountered in the job or that is required by your employer, or the legislation.
EYE PROTECTIONRequired when:
Welding, cutting and brazing Sawing Grinding Spray painting Sunlight Dusty environments Chemical gases, vapors or liquids Swinging chains or ropes Harmful light On all construction sites Any other situation that could cause injury to the eye
PPE
Types of Eye Protection Safety glasses Safety goggles Face shields or respirators Helmets
All types of eye protection should meet the standards set out by the Canadian Standards Association (CSA).
CND Crane provides all their employees with 2 pairs of safety glasses each year (clear and tinted).
PPE
Head ProtectionHard hats must be worn for protection when there is a hazard of head injury (IER, s.80).Situations that could cause injury may be when working:
Below other workers or machinery Around or under conveyor belts Around exposed energized conductors Where there may be overhead obstructions
PPE
Depending on the job at hand, choose the appropriate class of hard hat:
TYPES OF HARD HATS
Classification of Industrial Protective Headwear
Levels of Protection
Class C Impact protective headwear that does not provide dielectric protection
Class E Impact protective headwear that provides protection against an applied voltageIncreasing at a uniform rate of 1000 ± 50 V/s up to a maximum of 20 000 ± 100 V.This maximum voltage is maintained for 3 min.
Class G Impact protective headwear that provides protection against a maximum voltageof 2200 ± 20 V for 1 min.
Type 1 Headwear that provides impact and penetration protection for the crown only
Type 2 Headwear that provides impact and penetration protection for the crownand laterally
As with all PPE, inspect the hard hat before using it for damage, such as a worn
headband.
Hand and Finger Protection
Gloves can protect hands and forearms from cuts, abrasions, burns, puncture wounds, contact with hazardous chemicals, and some electrical shocks.
Not every job requires gloves – never wear gloves working with or around reciprocating or rotating machine parts.
PPE
Glove Type Level of Protection
Metal Mesh and Kevlar Knit Prevents cuts from sharp objects
Leather Protects against rough objects, chips, sparks and moderate heat
Cotton Fabric Protects against dirt, splinters and abrasions – improves grip
Rubber, Neoprene, Vinyl Protects from chemicals. Read specifications on chemical packageor material safety data sheet for proper use
CHOOSE THE RIGHT GLOVE FOR THE RIGHT JOB:
Foot ProtectionWhen there is danger of slipping, wear slip-resistant safety shoes or boots, depending on the requirements of the environment and type of work.
Always wear safety boots when there is danger of fall ing objects or stepping on sharp objects.
Wear the correct type of safety footwear for the job. You can refer to CSA Z195.1-02 Guideline on Selection, Care, and Use of Protective Footwear.
PPE
To reduce the risk of entanglement: Keep long hair tied back or tucked under a hat Keep zippers and buttons done up Make sure clothing fits close to the body Eliminate drawstrings and other dangling pieces from
clothing Remove hanging threads and fix tears in clothing to prevent
entanglement Remove Jewelry
POINTS TO CONSIDER ABOUT CLOTHING AND PERSONAL
MEASURES FOR PROTECTION
The following is mandatory on ALL construction sites:
1. Safety boots: (green tab) steel toe and steel plate, MUST be worn at al l t imes.
2. Safety Glasses: MUST be work at al l t imes when working outside your cab
3. Hard Hats: MUST be worn at al l t imes whi le working outside your cab. Hard Hats must be worn at ALL t imes whi le operating 110 and 120 (no cab)
4. Hearing protection: is avai lable and must be worn in our shop and on sites where the noise level exceeds 80 decibels.
5. Loose and trailing clothing and long hair is prohibited. Long hair must be secured to prevent any risk of having it become a hazard.
6. Minimum body covering is a shirt and long pants7. NO JEWELRY is al lowed, including r ings, earring, watches, necklaces,
chains, bracelets etc.
CND Crane has a $500 clothing al lowance for al l employees, please use i t to ensure compliance with the above.
CONSTRUCTION SITES- PPE
Potential Hazards: Some of the hazards associated with improperly cleaned or maintained personal protective equipment include:
Severe burns due to employees performing hot work while wearing greasy or oily clothing.
Impaired vision due to using eye and face protection with dirty, scratched, or fogged lenses or shields.
Skin irritation or chemical absorption due to contaminated PPE such as clothing, gloves, face pieces, gloves, and boots.
Inhalation of toxic chemicals due to damaged respiratory valves or face pieces, or saturated cartridges.
Inter-changing of parts that may void the manufactures approval and cause equipment failure.
Exposure of hazardous materials such as lead, arsenic, and asbestos due to improper cleaning of respirators.
Spread of infectious diseases due to shared equipment.
MAINTENANCE
Employees who use hard hats should ensure that:
Clean hard hats regularly with warm water and soap, and allow to air dry.
Store head protection out of the sun, away from extreme temperatures, and in a safe place (like a locker) where it can't get knocked around and damaged.
Check the headband to make sure that it isn't stretched or worn and that the hat fits comfortably on the head.
Replace a hard hat if it is cracked, dented, or has taken a heavy blow
HARD HAT MAINTENANCE
Clean safety glasses and goggles regularly with mild soap and water.
Wash lenses with water before wiping to prevent scratching. (If employees don't have access to clean water, tell them to blow dust and grit from lenses before wiping.)
Store eye protection preferably in a clean dust-proof case or in a safe place such as the top shelf of a locker where it won't get scratched or otherwise damaged.
Replace safety glasses if frames are bent, and replace goggles if headbands are loose, twisted, knotted, or worn. Replace any kind of eye protection if lenses are scratched or pitted and impair vision.
EYE CARE MAINTENANCE
It's easy to forget about safety shoes and other work footwear as long as your feet don't hurt. But to adequately protect yourself against foot hazards, shoes need proper care and maintenance just like any other kind of PPE. To get the best protection from work shoes, employees should:
Wipe wet or soiled shoes with a clean cloth or paper towel. Air out work shoes after work, and check regularly for signs of
damage or wear. Have worn or damaged shoes repaired, or replace them. Change socks during the lunch break to keep feet and shoes dry
if feet sweat a lot.
FOOTWEAR MAINTENANCE
Keep gloves clean and dry.Have a backup pair in case gloves get wet (or must
be washed) and need to dry.Check for holes, cracks, and other damage before
each use.Replace worn or damaged gloves right away.
GLOVES
Even hearing protection needs proper maintenance to keep it in good, safe condition. That means employees need to:
Wipe earmuffs with a damp cloth after each use, store them in a safe place, and replace cushions when they lose their resilience.
Wash reusable earplugs every day, store them in a clean case, and replace if plugs are hard or discolored.
Wipe canal caps (headband plugs) with a damp cloth after each use, store them in a safe place so the headband won't get bent or twisted, and replace if the band is damaged and no longer fits comfortably.
HEARING PROTECTION
HAZARD REPORTING
Under Ontario's Occupational Health and Safety Act, a worker is required to: report to his or her employer or supervisor the absence of
or defect in any equipment or protective device of which the worker is aware and which may endanger himself, herself or another worker
report to his or her employer or supervisor any contravention of this Act or the regulations or the existence of any hazard of which he or she knows.
This means if you know there is a problem or hazard with the work you're assigned or if you notice something wrong that could hurt someone else, you have a legal duty to tell your boss, contractor or site supervisor
WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I NOTICE A HAZARD?
Working with unguarded equipmentWorking at heights without proper PPEPoor design or lay-out of work areaElectrical hazards: frayed cords; missing ground pins,
improper wiringPoor lighting
EXAMPLES OF HAZARDS
A near miss is an unplanned event that did not result in injury, illness, or damage – but had the potential to do so. Only a fortunate break in the chain of events prevented an injury, fatality or damage; in other words, a miss that was nonetheless very near. Although the label of 'human error' is commonly applied to an initiating event, a faulty process or system invariably permits or compounds the harm, and should be the focus of improvement. Other familiar terms for these events is a "close call", or in the case of moving objects, "near collision" or a near hit.
NEAR MISS
What are examples of near misses on construction sites?
Review incident and near miss reporting policy
NEAR MISS
Hazard analysis on-site operator check-list
HAZARD REPORTING
COMPANY POLICY’S AND PROCEDURES
REVIEW EMPLOYEE HANDBOOK
Circle Checks and Fuel up- honouring the ½ Calling in when job’s completeTime tickets- commute time verses travel time (see
next slide for samples)Drivers Log- Operating HRS vs. ShopTallying hours W/O’s, Deficiency List- Action plan Smoking in the ShopOrdering parts on company account
GENERAL POLICIES/PROCEDURES
Lift Plans- see template, suggests to make it better? Review: CSA Requirement; single and tandem lifts
GENERAL POLICES/ PROCEDURES