health chapter 8 maintaining a healthy weight. eye on the media are t.v. shows like ‘biggest...

HealthHealth

Chapter 8Chapter 8

Maintaining a Healthy WeightMaintaining a Healthy Weight

Eye on the MediaEye on the Media

Are t.v. shows like ‘Biggest Loser’ Are t.v. shows like ‘Biggest Loser’ and ‘Extreme Makeover’ good?and ‘Extreme Makeover’ good?

What about the idea that shows like What about the idea that shows like this give children the idea that they this give children the idea that they have to look a certain way?have to look a certain way?

Is there too much emphasis from the Is there too much emphasis from the media on weight?media on weight?

StatsStats 30% or 60 million, adult Americans are 30% or 60 million, adult Americans are

obese with more women, 33%, then obese with more women, 33%, then men, 28%.men, 28%.

Since 1991 the number of overweight Since 1991 the number of overweight children & adolescents has went up 74% children & adolescents has went up 74% and tripled in the last 20 yrs.and tripled in the last 20 yrs.

Obesity may account for as many as Obesity may account for as many as 400,000 deaths annually.400,000 deaths annually.

Table 6.1, pg 176Table 6.1, pg 176 Why? Increased caloric intake and Why? Increased caloric intake and

reduced activity levels.reduced activity levels.

Adipose TissueAdipose Tissue

Tissue made up of fibrous strands Tissue made up of fibrous strands around which specialized cells around which specialized cells designed to store liquefied fat are designed to store liquefied fat are arranged.arranged.

Adipose tissue stores the excess Adipose tissue stores the excess energy that you consume.energy that you consume.

The continuous buildup of adipose The continuous buildup of adipose tissue leads to excess weight and tissue leads to excess weight and can eventually result in obesity.can eventually result in obesity.

Body Image and Self-Body Image and Self-ConceptConcept

Body image – our subjective perception of Body image – our subjective perception of how our body appearshow our body appears

The average women is 5’4’’, 143 lbs and The average women is 5’4’’, 143 lbs and wears a size 10-12, but the average wears a size 10-12, but the average model is 5’10’’. 110 lbs.model is 5’10’’. 110 lbs.

Many men & women have some part of Many men & women have some part of their body that they are not happy with.their body that they are not happy with.

Combine this unhappiness with the media Combine this unhappiness with the media and social ideals and problems can arise.and social ideals and problems can arise.


Society’s ideal body image for a man Society’s ideal body image for a man and a women changes over time.and a women changes over time.

What was ideal in the 40’s and 50’s What was ideal in the 40’s and 50’s changed in the 70’s & 80’s, and again in changed in the 70’s & 80’s, and again in the late 90’s into today.the late 90’s into today.

Not everyone agrees with societies ideal Not everyone agrees with societies ideal body image. What is it?body image. What is it?

Bigorexia – the obsession with getting Bigorexia – the obsession with getting bigger and more muscular, and thinking bigger and more muscular, and thinking that your body is never muscular enoughthat your body is never muscular enough


What do most women want to look like?What do most women want to look like? What do most men want look like?What do most men want look like?

What do women want men to look like?What do women want men to look like? What do men want women to look like?What do men want women to look like?

Does your ideal image agree with society?Does your ideal image agree with society?

Defining Overweight and Defining Overweight and ObesityObesity

Overweight – a condition in which a Overweight – a condition in which a person’s excess fat accumulation results person’s excess fat accumulation results in a body weight that exceeds desirable in a body weight that exceeds desirable weight by 1-19%weight by 1-19%

Obesity – a condition in which a person’s Obesity – a condition in which a person’s body weight is 20% or more above body weight is 20% or more above desirable weight as determined by desirable weight as determined by standard height/weight chartsstandard height/weight charts

Desirable weight – range deemed Desirable weight – range deemed appropriate for people, taking into appropriate for people, taking into consideration gender, age and frame sizeconsideration gender, age and frame size

Defining Overweight and Defining Overweight and ObesityObesity

Body mass index – a mathematical Body mass index – a mathematical calculation based on weight and height; used calculation based on weight and height; used to determine desirable body weightto determine desirable body weight

Sleep apnea – a condition in which Sleep apnea – a condition in which abnormalities in the structure of the airways abnormalities in the structure of the airways lead to periods of greatly restricted air flow lead to periods of greatly restricted air flow during sleep. Resulting in reduced levels of during sleep. Resulting in reduced levels of blood oxygen and placing greater strain on blood oxygen and placing greater strain on the heart to maintain adequate tissue the heart to maintain adequate tissue oxygenationoxygenation

Positive caloric balance – caloric intake Positive caloric balance – caloric intake greater than caloric expendituregreater than caloric expenditure

Determining Weight and Body Determining Weight and Body Composition Composition

Body mass index – indicates the relationship Body mass index – indicates the relationship of body weight to height, pg 180of body weight to height, pg 180

Nomogram – a graphic means of finding an Nomogram – a graphic means of finding an unknown value, pg 181unknown value, pg 181

New BMI charts for children and adolescents.New BMI charts for children and adolescents. Height/weight tables are no longer considered Height/weight tables are no longer considered

to be the best way to determine whether to be the best way to determine whether body weight is acceptable.body weight is acceptable.

Determining Weight and Body Determining Weight and Body CompositionComposition

Healthy body weight can be determined Healthy body weight can be determined by using the weight guidelines in the by using the weight guidelines in the 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans.2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans.

This uses the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), This uses the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), pg 182pg 182

Women with a WHR of .80 or less are Women with a WHR of .80 or less are within the healthy range.within the healthy range.

Men with a WHR of .90Men with a WHR of .90


Electrical impedance – a method used to Electrical impedance – a method used to measure the % of body fat using a harmless measure the % of body fat using a harmless electrical currentelectrical current

Adipose tissue resists that passage of the Adipose tissue resists that passage of the electrical current more than muscle tissue does.electrical current more than muscle tissue does.

BOD POD – an egg-shaped chamber that uses BOD POD – an egg-shaped chamber that uses computerized pressure sensors to determine the computerized pressure sensors to determine the amount of air displaced by the person's body, amount of air displaced by the person's body, similar to hydrostatic weighingsimilar to hydrostatic weighing


Skinfold measurement – a Skinfold measurement – a measurement to determine that measurement to determine that thickness of the fat layer that lies thickness of the fat layer that lies immediately beneath the skin; used to immediately beneath the skin; used to calculate body compositioncalculate body composition

Accurate to within 4% at bestAccurate to within 4% at best Young adult men 10-15%, above 25% Young adult men 10-15%, above 25%

are obeseare obese Young adult women 22-25%, above Young adult women 22-25%, above

30% are obese30% are obese


Hydrostatic weighing – weighing the body while Hydrostatic weighing – weighing the body while it is submerged in waterit is submerged in water

97% accurate technique.97% accurate technique. But you need a large tank, harness/chair But you need a large tank, harness/chair

attached to a scale, trained individual.attached to a scale, trained individual. Some people are reluctant to have hydrostatic Some people are reluctant to have hydrostatic

weighing done because you want as little weighing done because you want as little clothing on as possible for more accurate resultsclothing on as possible for more accurate results

The subject must also be able to remain still The subject must also be able to remain still underwater long enough to have their weight underwater long enough to have their weight readread


One’s appearance may seem to be the One’s appearance may seem to be the easiest method of determining one’s body easiest method of determining one’s body size, for most people it is not an accurate size, for most people it is not an accurate measure. Why?measure. Why?

Weight scales are convenient but are not Weight scales are convenient but are not always accurate.always accurate.

Your body weight fluctuates throughout the Your body weight fluctuates throughout the day.day.

Scales also do not take into consideration Scales also do not take into consideration body frame and composition.body frame and composition.

Causes of ObesityCauses of Obesity Genetics, physiology, metabolism, Genetics, physiology, metabolism,

environmental, psychological?environmental, psychological? Genetics, dietary practice and activity level Genetics, dietary practice and activity level

seem to all play a role.seem to all play a role. Also sex, age, socioeconomic status and Also sex, age, socioeconomic status and

race.race. Among women, obesity is strongly Among women, obesity is strongly

associated with socioeconomic status, associated with socioeconomic status, being twice as common among those with being twice as common among those with lower status.lower status.

66% of black women compared with 49% 66% of black women compared with 49% of white women.of white women.

Causes of ObesityCauses of Obesity

Heredity accounts for 25-40% of the Heredity accounts for 25-40% of the development of obesity.development of obesity.

There is no specific gene that they There is no specific gene that they can find that causes people to be can find that causes people to be obese, but they are looking.obese, but they are looking.

Typically you will inherit your family Typically you will inherit your family traits.traits.


Hypothyroidism – a condition in which the Hypothyroidism – a condition in which the thyroid gland produces an insufficient thyroid gland produces an insufficient amount of the hormone thyroxinamount of the hormone thyroxin

Hyperthydroidism – the thyroid gland Hyperthydroidism – the thyroid gland produces an excessive amount of the produces an excessive amount of the hormone thyroxinhormone thyroxin

Thyroxin regulates metabolism.Thyroxin regulates metabolism. Hormonal changes can also effect ones Hormonal changes can also effect ones

eating habits or metabolism rate.eating habits or metabolism rate.


Set point – a genetically programmed Set point – a genetically programmed range of body weight, beyond which a range of body weight, beyond which a person finds it difficult to gain or lose person finds it difficult to gain or lose additional weightadditional weight

Adaptive thermogenesis – the Adaptive thermogenesis – the physiological response of the body to physiological response of the body to adjust its metabolic rate to the presence of adjust its metabolic rate to the presence of food, theory as to why 90% of people who food, theory as to why 90% of people who go on a diet regain the weight lostgo on a diet regain the weight lost

Causes of ObesityCauses of Obesity African American, American Indian and African American, American Indian and

Hispanic American women have the Hispanic American women have the highest risk of becoming overweight.highest risk of becoming overweight.

The more an ethnic group has adapted The more an ethnic group has adapted to and absorbed western culture the to and absorbed western culture the higher the rate of obesity within that higher the rate of obesity within that group. Why? group. Why?

Upper socioeconomic women tend to be Upper socioeconomic women tend to be thinner than lower socioeconomic thinner than lower socioeconomic women, while among men there is not women, while among men there is not such a pattern.such a pattern.

Causes of ObesityCauses of Obesity Environmental factors such as – smells, Environmental factors such as – smells,

advertisements, clocks, portion size, advertisements, clocks, portion size, price, availability of food, number of food price, availability of food, number of food choices can all make us eat morechoices can all make us eat more

People eat in response to their emotions.People eat in response to their emotions. Others eat out of habit and associate Others eat out of habit and associate

food with certain activities.food with certain activities. Some develop relationships with food Some develop relationships with food

that substitute for real human that substitute for real human relationships.relationships.

Causes of ObesityCauses of Obesity Hypercellular obesity – a form of Hypercellular obesity – a form of

obesity that results from having an obesity that results from having an abnormally high number of fat cells.abnormally high number of fat cells.

Baby’s who are overfed will develop a Baby’s who are overfed will develop a greater number of fat cells. greater number of fat cells.

When these infants reach adulthood When these infants reach adulthood they will have more fat cells.they will have more fat cells.

Hypertrophic obesity - a normal Hypertrophic obesity - a normal number of fat cells, but the individual number of fat cells, but the individual fat cells are enlargedfat cells are enlarged

Causes of ObesityCauses of Obesity After puberty the number of fat cells remain After puberty the number of fat cells remain

the same but each fat cell can get bigger.the same but each fat cell can get bigger. Many dietary practices are actually initiated Many dietary practices are actually initiated

during infancy and early childhood.during infancy and early childhood. Children also model what their parents eat Children also model what their parents eat

and how their parents respond to food.and how their parents respond to food. Children also mimic their parents behavior Children also mimic their parents behavior

towards exercising and eating a balanced towards exercising and eating a balanced diet.diet.

Causes of ObesityCauses of Obesity Inactivity is considered the single most important Inactivity is considered the single most important

reason that obesity is so high.reason that obesity is so high. Longer work hours at sedentary jobs, a decline in Longer work hours at sedentary jobs, a decline in

physical education programs in school and physical education programs in school and increased participation in sedentary recreational increased participation in sedentary recreational activities.activities.

Also many of the laborsaving devices and Also many of the laborsaving devices and increased automation in the home and workplace increased automation in the home and workplace have contributed to increased inactivity.have contributed to increased inactivity.

Nearly 2/3 of Americans are not physically active Nearly 2/3 of Americans are not physically active on a regular basis & 25% are completely on a regular basis & 25% are completely sedentary.sedentary.

Caloric BalanceCaloric Balance People gain weight when their energy People gain weight when their energy

(caloric) input exceeds their energy (caloric) input exceeds their energy output.output.

Consuming about 3,500 calories a week Consuming about 3,500 calories a week more than is needed results in a weight more than is needed results in a weight gain of 1 lb of fat.gain of 1 lb of fat.

People lose weight when their energy People lose weight when their energy output exceeds their energy input. Fig 6-2output exceeds their energy input. Fig 6-2

UDA dietary guidelines are based on UDA dietary guidelines are based on consuming 2,000 calories a day.consuming 2,000 calories a day.

Caloric BalanceCaloric Balance Some people need more others less.Some people need more others less. Depending on:Depending on:

Basal metabolismBasal metabolism Activity requirementsActivity requirements Thermic effect of foodThermic effect of food

Basal metabolic rate – the amount of Basal metabolic rate – the amount of energy expressed in calories, that energy expressed in calories, that the body requires to maintain basic the body requires to maintain basic functions.functions.

Lots of factors that effect BMRLots of factors that effect BMR

Caloric BalanceCaloric Balance Factors effecting BMR:Factors effecting BMR:

AgeAge Body compositionBody composition Activity levelActivity level Caloric intakeCaloric intake HormonesHormones SleepSleep Body temperatureBody temperature Environmental temperatureEnvironmental temperature Physical conditioningPhysical conditioning SexSex Pregnancy Pregnancy

Caloric BalanceCaloric Balance Each person’s caloric activity Each person’s caloric activity

requirement vary directly according to requirement vary directly according to the amount of daily physical work the amount of daily physical work completed.completed.

You must calculate you energy You must calculate you energy expenditure in order to determine expenditure in order to determine your energy consumption needs.your energy consumption needs.

Table 2.5Table 2.5 Which activity burns the most calories Which activity burns the most calories

per hour per pound?per hour per pound?

Caloric BalanceCaloric Balance

Thermic effect of food – refers to the Thermic effect of food – refers to the amount of energy our bodies require amount of energy our bodies require for the digestion, absorption and for the digestion, absorption and transportation of foodtransportation of food

Fat requires less energy to convert it Fat requires less energy to convert it to energy stores.to energy stores.

Protein and carbs require more.Protein and carbs require more.

Weight-Management Weight-Management TechniquesTechniques

Weight loss occurs when the calories Weight loss occurs when the calories consumed are fewer than required by consumed are fewer than required by the body for physiological maintenance the body for physiological maintenance and activity.and activity.

A simple concept that seems to be A simple concept that seems to be made more difficult by the $50 billion-a-made more difficult by the $50 billion-a-year weight loss industry.year weight loss industry.

When a diet fails it is more often the When a diet fails it is more often the person’s fault and not the diets.person’s fault and not the diets.

Then the cycle begins.Then the cycle begins.


A commitment to a lifestyle change A commitment to a lifestyle change of eating in healthy ways and of eating in healthy ways and engaging in regular exercise seems engaging in regular exercise seems to be the most effective strategy for to be the most effective strategy for weight loss and weight maintenance.weight loss and weight maintenance.

A goal of no more than 2 pounds per A goal of no more than 2 pounds per week should be set. What?week should be set. What?


Dietary alterations such as reducing Dietary alterations such as reducing caloric intake are the most common.caloric intake are the most common.

Be wary of very strict diets.Be wary of very strict diets. Most people do not follow a strict diet Most people do not follow a strict diet

for very long. (the cycle returns)for very long. (the cycle returns) Portion control along with a well Portion control along with a well

balanced diet works best.balanced diet works best. Add in an increase in activity level and Add in an increase in activity level and

presto!presto!


Fad DietsFad Diets Over 150 popular diets.Over 150 popular diets. Most promoted by celebs or people Most promoted by celebs or people

who claim to be nutrition experts.who claim to be nutrition experts. With few exceptions these diets are With few exceptions these diets are

ineffective and potentially dangerous.ineffective and potentially dangerous. Usually because the approach is in an Usually because the approach is in an

attempt to achieve rapid weight loss.attempt to achieve rapid weight loss. Pros and cons in Table 6.6Pros and cons in Table 6.6


Most weight loss on a low-carb diet is Most weight loss on a low-carb diet is water weight.water weight.

Complication associated with low-Complication associated with low-carb, high- protein diets:carb, high- protein diets: Dehydration, hypertension, heart Dehydration, hypertension, heart

disease, cancer, electrolyte loss, calcium disease, cancer, electrolyte loss, calcium depletion, weakness due to inadequate depletion, weakness due to inadequate carbs, nausea due to ketosis, vitamin 7 carbs, nausea due to ketosis, vitamin 7 mineral deficiencies and possible kidney mineral deficiencies and possible kidney problemsproblems


““Lite” foods are usually achieved by:Lite” foods are usually achieved by: Lowering the carb content with the use Lowering the carb content with the use

of nonnutritive sweetenersof nonnutritive sweeteners Reducing the portion sizeReducing the portion size Reducing the fat content of the original Reducing the fat content of the original

formulaformula Removing the fat completely.Removing the fat completely.


Controlled Fasting is recommended in Controlled Fasting is recommended in extreme obesity cases.extreme obesity cases.

Patients are only given water, Patients are only given water, electrolytes and vitamins.electrolytes and vitamins.

Catabolizing – the metabolic process of Catabolizing – the metabolic process of breaking down tissue for the purpose of breaking down tissue for the purpose of converting it to energyconverting it to energy

Meal replacement drinks are considered Meal replacement drinks are considered a modified form of fasting, be careful of a modified form of fasting, be careful of limiting the daily caloric intake.limiting the daily caloric intake.


Weight Reduction Programs – Weight Weight Reduction Programs – Weight Watchers, Jenny CraigWatchers, Jenny Craig

These programs generally feature:These programs generally feature: Well-balanced dietsWell-balanced diets Specific weight loss goals over a set period Specific weight loss goals over a set period

of timeof time EncourgamentEncourgament Focus on regular physical activityFocus on regular physical activity Maintenance programMaintenance program

Do they work?Do they work?


Americans spend in excess of $50 billion Americans spend in excess of $50 billion each year in an attempt to achieve & each year in an attempt to achieve & maintain weight loss.maintain weight loss.

The weight loss industry has capitalized The weight loss industry has capitalized & profited on the meaning that thinness & profited on the meaning that thinness has in the American culture, including a has in the American culture, including a bias against large people.bias against large people.

These programs are promising not just These programs are promising not just weight loss but happiness & success in weight loss but happiness & success in life as well.life as well.


The commercials had to start changing The commercials had to start changing in 1994.in 1994.

Advertisements cannot misrepresent Advertisements cannot misrepresent program performance.program performance.

They must disclose that weight lose is They must disclose that weight lose is temporary and will most likely not temporary and will most likely not approximate that of the successful approximate that of the successful subjects featured in the commercials.subjects featured in the commercials.

Check out the ‘medical’ component of a Check out the ‘medical’ component of a program.program.


Phenylporpanolamine (PPA) – the active Phenylporpanolamine (PPA) – the active chemical compound still found in some chemical compound still found in some OTC diet productsOTC diet products

Ephedra – ma huang & Chinese Ephedra – ma huang & Chinese ephedra banned in 2003 by the FDA, ephedra banned in 2003 by the FDA, but can still be found; linked to:but can still be found; linked to: Heart attacks, strokes, hepatitis, Heart attacks, strokes, hepatitis,

headache, tremors, anxiety, extreme headache, tremors, anxiety, extreme irritability and insomniairritability and insomnia


Aristolochia fangchiAristolochia fangchi Phentermine & fenfluramine – phenfenPhentermine & fenfluramine – phenfen Dexfenfluramine – ReduxDexfenfluramine – Redux Phentermine used with Prozac, Zoloft & Phentermine used with Prozac, Zoloft &

PaxilPaxil Sibutramine – MeridiaSibutramine – Meridia Orlistat – Xenical & OlestraOrlistat – Xenical & Olestra


Surgical Interventions – liposuction, tummy Surgical Interventions – liposuction, tummy tucks, gastric bypass & gastric bandstucks, gastric bypass & gastric bands

Some insurance companies are paying for Some insurance companies are paying for these surgical interventions.these surgical interventions.

Figure 6-5Figure 6-5 Body wrapsBody wraps Cellulite – tissue comprised of fat cells Cellulite – tissue comprised of fat cells

intertwined around strands of fibrous intertwined around strands of fibrous connective tissue.connective tissue.


Underweight – a condition in which the Underweight – a condition in which the body is below the desirable weightbody is below the desirable weight

Very serious for some young adults.Very serious for some young adults. Males tend to be particularly concerned Males tend to be particularly concerned

with too thin a body type, preferring a with too thin a body type, preferring a lean muscular V-shaped appearance.lean muscular V-shaped appearance.

Weight Management Tips – pg 204Weight Management Tips – pg 204

Lifetime Weight ControlLifetime Weight Control Obesity and frequent fluctuation in Obesity and frequent fluctuation in

weight are clearly associated with weight are clearly associated with higher levels of morbidity and higher levels of morbidity and mortality.mortality.

Keys to your success:Keys to your success: ExerciseExercise Dietary modificationDietary modification Lifestyle support – support groupLifestyle support – support group Problem solvingProblem solving Redefinition of healthRedefinition of health

Lifetime Weight ControlLifetime Weight Control Physical activity is now considered to Physical activity is now considered to

be the most important component to a be the most important component to a weight-loss program.weight-loss program.

More fat is lost than is lost through More fat is lost than is lost through dieting alone.dieting alone.

Weight loss achieved through physical Weight loss achieved through physical activity is 95% fat and 5% lean tissue activity is 95% fat and 5% lean tissue compared to 75% fat and 255 lean compared to 75% fat and 255 lean tissue when dieting alone.tissue when dieting alone.

Eating DisordersEating Disorders A recent survey showed that dieting has A recent survey showed that dieting has

become the norm for females starting at an become the norm for females starting at an early age.early age.

50% of 9 yr olds and 80% of 10 yr olds have 50% of 9 yr olds and 80% of 10 yr olds have reported dieting.reported dieting.

Conservative estimate indicate that after Conservative estimate indicate that after puberty 5 – 10 million females and 1 million puberty 5 – 10 million females and 1 million males struggle with eating disorders.males struggle with eating disorders.

Estimated that 8% of college women will Estimated that 8% of college women will develop an eating disorder, with college develop an eating disorder, with college freshman women being at most risk for freshman women being at most risk for developing bulimia.developing bulimia.

Eating DisordersEating Disorders

90-05% of people with eating 90-05% of people with eating disorders are female.disorders are female.

Athletes such as dancers, gymnasts, Athletes such as dancers, gymnasts, swimmers, runners and wrestlers are swimmers, runners and wrestlers are at risk for developing easting at risk for developing easting disorders.disorders.

Anorexia NervosaAnorexia Nervosa An eating disorder in which the An eating disorder in which the

individual weighs less than 85% of the individual weighs less than 85% of the expected weight for their age, gender, expected weight for their age, gender, height; and in females ceases to height; and in females ceases to menstruate for at least 3 consecutive menstruate for at least 3 consecutive monthsmonths

People with anorexia perceive People with anorexia perceive themselves as overweight, even themselves as overweight, even though they are underweight.though they are underweight.

Anorexia NervosaAnorexia Nervosa Anorexia has become more common as Anorexia has become more common as

changing cultural ideals for beauty have changing cultural ideals for beauty have changed.changed.

Marilyn Monroe a voluptuous 5’4, 128 Marilyn Monroe a voluptuous 5’4, 128 lbs to Kate Moss at 5’7, 105 lbs.lbs to Kate Moss at 5’7, 105 lbs.

Add in the celebs that have come out Add in the celebs that have come out as suffering from anorexia.as suffering from anorexia.

Is that a good thing or a bad thing?Is that a good thing or a bad thing? What about pro-anorexia websites?What about pro-anorexia websites?

Anorexia NervosaAnorexia Nervosa Over looked areas related to anorexia:Over looked areas related to anorexia:

Anorexia in women of color – more Anorexia in women of color – more pressure to fit into the ideal image of the pressure to fit into the ideal image of the dominate culturedominate culture

Female athlete triad – absence of menses, Female athlete triad – absence of menses, low body fat and weight, osteoporosislow body fat and weight, osteoporosis

Men Men Treatment can take up to 3-5 years.Treatment can take up to 3-5 years.

Bulimia NervosaBulimia Nervosa An eating disorder in which individuals An eating disorder in which individuals

engage in periods of bingeing, consuming engage in periods of bingeing, consuming unusually large amounts of food and feeling unusually large amounts of food and feeling out of control, and then engaging in some out of control, and then engaging in some compensatory purging behavior to eliminate compensatory purging behavior to eliminate the food.the food.

The food is their way of coping, but then feel The food is their way of coping, but then feel bad about the binge so they purge.bad about the binge so they purge.

Dental erosion, hair loss, esophageal lesions, Dental erosion, hair loss, esophageal lesions, blood in the vomit & stools, loss of voluntary blood in the vomit & stools, loss of voluntary gag reflex, kidney damage, heart failure, gag reflex, kidney damage, heart failure, gastrointestinal problems, ketosis, edema, gastrointestinal problems, ketosis, edema, infertility, parotid gland swelling, depression infertility, parotid gland swelling, depression & insomnia are just SOME of the medical & insomnia are just SOME of the medical problems associated with bulimia nervosaproblems associated with bulimia nervosa

Other Eating DisordersOther Eating Disorders Binge Eating Disorder - formally called Binge Eating Disorder - formally called

compulsive eating, binge eating like compulsive eating, binge eating like bulimia nervosa but without the purging.bulimia nervosa but without the purging.

Chewing and Spitting Out Food Chewing and Spitting Out Food SyndromeSyndrome

Night Eating SyndromeNight Eating Syndrome Body Dysmorphic Disorder – a secret Body Dysmorphic Disorder – a secret

preoccupation with an imagined or slight preoccupation with an imagined or slight flaw in one’s appearanceflaw in one’s appearance

Treating eating disordersTreating eating disorders

Taking Charge of Your Taking Charge of Your HealthHealth

Pg 211Pg 211

health chapter 8 maintaining a healthy weight. eye on the media are t.v. shows like ‘biggest...

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