MADISON PUBLIC SCHOOLS

HEALTH FIRST AID-CPR

Authored by: Kevin Lynott Mike Radzieski

Chris Kubik Jacquleen Calabrese

Leigh McKean

Reviewed by: Sean Dowling Supervisor of PE/Health and Athletics

 

Adopted by the Board: August 27, 2013

Members of the Board of Education: Lisa Ellis, President

Patrick Rowe, Vice-President David Arthur

Kevin Blair Shade Grahling

Linda Gilbert Thomas Haralampoudis 

James Novotny  

Superintendent: Dr. Michael Rossi

Madison Public Schools 359 Woodland Road, Madison, NJ 07940

www.madisonpublicschools.org

I. OVERVIEW

Ninth graders participate in Health Education during the 2nd and 4th marking period of the school year. Health Education replaces Physical Education during this time period and students remain with their assigned Health and Physical Education teacher. Health meets three days a week and on the fourth day students are assigned to a study hall, lab science or study skills class. During the marking period of health, students are graded like other academic courses; however this marking period is incorporated into their overall Health and Physical Education cumulative grade for the year.

This course has been designed to help students acquire the knowledge and skills necessary to effectively respond to emergency situations. After completing this course, students will be able to recognize and provide basic care for injuries and sudden illnesses, including an AED for victims of sudden cardiac arrest, until advanced medical personnel arrive and take over. II. RATIONALE

The Health First Aid-CPR curriculum is designed around the American Red Cross First Aid/CPR/AED for Schools and the Community course. The purpose of this course is to help students identify and eliminate potentially hazardous conditions in their environment, recognize emergencies and make appropriate decisions in order to provide basic first aid. The American Red Cross First Aid/CPR/AED for Schools and the Community course teaches skills that students need to know in order to provide immediate care to a suddenly ill or injured person until more advanced medical care arrives.

Students who successfully meet the requirements of the course will receive American Red Cross certification cards for the First Aid/CPR/AED for Schools and the Community course. The CPR/AED certification will be valid for 2 years and the First Aid certification will be valid for 3 years. III. STUDENT OUTCOMES (Linked to the NJCCCS listed below)

Students will be able to demonstrate and recognize ways to prevent injuries and sudden illness in the home, school, workplace and the community.

Students will be able to demonstrate appropriate first aid skills for treating injuries and sudden illnesses-Infant; Child; Adult.

Students will be able to recognize and treat individuals suffering from cardiac emergencies. Students will be able to identify risk factors and behaviors that are associated with heart disease. Students will be capable of recognizing and demonstrating how and when CPR/AED should be used. Students will be able to recognize and demonstrate how to protect themselves against disease transmission.

NJ Core Curriculum Standards for Physical Education and Health A. Personal Growth and Development

2.1.12.A.1. Analyze the role of personal responsibility in maintaining and enhancing personal, family, community, and global wellness. 2.1.12.A.2. Debate the social and ethical implications of the availability and use of technology and medical advances to support wellness.

C. Diseases and Health Conditions

2.1.12.C.1. Predict diseases and health conditions that may occur during one’s lifespan and speculate on potential prevention and treatment strategies.

D. Safety 2.1.12.D.1. Determine the causes and outcomes of intentional and unintentional injuries in

adolescents and young adults and propose prevention strategies. 2.1.12.D.6. Demonstrate first-aid procedures, including Basic Life Support and automatic external

defibrillation, caring for head trauma, bone and joint emergencies, caring for cold and heat injuries, and responding to medical emergencies.

IV. ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS AND CONTENT If Not You…Who? & Taking Action: Emergency Action Steps

Know how to identify and respond to an emergency Know the three emergency action steps. Identify the difference between consent and implied consent Know the purpose of the Good Samaritan laws. Identify when and how to move an ill or injured person. Identify how to minimize the risk o disease transmission.

Checking an Ill or Injured Person

Identify the signals of shock and describe how to minimize its effects Identify life-threatening and non life-threatening conditions. Demonstrate how to check a conscious person for life-threatening and non life-threatening conditions. Demonstrate how to check an unconscious person for life-threatening and non life-threatening conditions.

When Seconds Count: Breathing Emergencies and Conscious Choking Adult, Child or Infant & Rescue Breathing-Child and Infant

Identify prevention strategies to decrease the risk of breathing emergencies. Identify the signals of breathing emergencies. How do you care for a conscious choking person? How do you recognize when a person has stopped breathing? How do you perform rescue breathing?

Cardiac Emergencies Identify the signals of a cardiac emergency. How do you care for a cardiac emergency? What are the components of the Cardiac Chain of Survival? Demonstrate how to give CPR. Demonstrate how to clear an obstructed airway of an unconscious person. What is defibrillation and how does it work? What is the role of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in cardiac arrest? What is the procedure for using and Automated External Defibrillator (AED)? What precautionary steps should be taken when utilizing an AED? Demonstrate how to use an AED with adult pads on and adult victim. Demonstrate how to use an AED with pediatric pads on a child aged victim.

Injury Prevention & Soft Tissue Injuries What are risk factors increase an individual’s likelihood of becoming injured? How can you reduce your risk of becoming injured? What are the two basic types of injuries? What are the five leading causes of injury-related deaths? What are the recognizable characteristic of the various types of soft tissue injuries?

Injuries to Muscles, Bones and Joints Identify how to recognize various types of musculoskeletal injuries. What are the signals of head, neck and back injuries?

Demonstrate how to care for a musculoskeletal injury. Demonstrate how to care for a head, neck or back injury. Sudden Illness & Poisoning Identify the signals of a sudden illness including stroke, diabetic emergency, poisoning and allergic reaction. Demonstrate how to care for victims of the various sudden illnesses and poisoning.

Heat/ Cold-Related Emergencies Identify the signals of heat- and cold-related emergencies. Identify how to prevent heat- and cold-related emergencies. Demonstrate how to care for heat- and cold-related emergencies. Additional Units: (Time Permitting) Special Circumstances, Asthma & Anaphylaxis

Current Event New Articles Related to the following topics: Lifestyle Diseases; HIV/AIDS; Hazing & Bullying; Health & Physical Fitness; Drugs & Alcohol

VI. EVALUATION

Class Participation Teacher Designed Quizzes Group work Class work Homework Summary of current event news articles Practical Skill Assessments (American Red Cross) Certification Test (American Red Cross)

VII. STRATEGIES

The development of concepts will take place through video presentations, textbook reading and class discussions, teacher demonstrations, teacher-generated PowerPoint presentations and discussions as well as practical application of skills and techniques. Students will need to apply the principles, strategies and techniques in order to fully comprehend the material. Additionally, students will be given real-life scenarios to problem solve and execute a solution as part of their class course work and certification process. VIII. SCOPE & SEQUENCE First Aid/CPR/AED for the Schools & Community CPR/AED Training (5 Weeks)

I. If Not You. Who? (2 Days) a. You and The Emergency Medical System (EMS) b. Getting Permission to Give care c. Disease Prevention –Examination Glove Removal

II. Taking Action: Emergency Action Steps (3 Days) a. Check – checking the scene and the victim b. Call – activating the EMS System c. Care – Providing appropriate care

III. Checking an Ill or Injured Person (3-5 Days) a. Checking a: (Adult, Child, Infant)

i. Conscious person ii. Unconscious person

b. Treating for shock IV. When Seconds Count (1 week)

a. Recognizing and treating life-threatening emergencies i. Conscious choking Adult, Child, infant

ii. Rescuer Breathing (child; infant)

V. Cardiac Emergencies (2 weeks) a. Signals of a Heart Attack

i. Causes of 1. Heart disease; electrocution stroke

ii. Healthy heart v unhealthy heart iii. Prevention & Treatment

b. Automated External Defibrillation(AED) i. Adult; Child

c. Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) d. Unconscious Choking Victim (Adult;Child;Infant)

First Aid Training (4 weeks) VI. Injury Prevention (1Day) VII. Soft Tissue Injuries (3 Days)

a. Wounds b. Burns c. Special Situations d. Controlling Bleeding

VIII. Injuries to Muscles Bones & Joints (1 Week) a. Muscles b. Bones c. Joints d. Types of Injuries

IX. Sudden Illness (2 Days) a. Recognizing Sudden Illnesses b. Caring for Sudden Illnesses c. Specific Sudden Illnesses d. Stroke

X. Poisoning (2 Days) a. Swallowed, Inhaled, Absorbed & Injected Poisons b. Checking the scene for Poisoning c. General care d. Special Considerations

XI. Heat & Cold Related Injuries ( 2 Days) a. Prevention & Treatment

XII. Special Situations & Circumstances (Time Permitting) a. Infants & Children b. Older Adults c. Emergency Childbirths d. Language barriers e. Crime Scenes and Hostile Situations

XIII. Asthma (Time Permitting) XIV. Anaphylaxis & Epinephrine Auto Injectors(Time Permitting)

First Aid /CPR/AED/ for the Schools and the Community Freshman Health Syllabus (4th Marking Period) Instructor: Room #: Office: Office Phone: Email: First Aid/CPR/AED for the Schools & the Community Expectations:

Students will arrive to class on time and will be prepared for the day’s lesson. Students will participate in class discussions and activities. This area evaluated will be reflected in their class

participation grade. Students will research and type 1 page summary on (5) current health news articles. Article summaries will be

properly cited and will be submitted to the subject teacher on or before the posted dates. Each article will be worth (100) points.

Students will prepare for written and practical test. Students will prepare for a comprehensive written final and skills evaluation at the end of the marking period.

Student achieving 80% or higher on the written final and successfully passing the Practical Skills examination will receive a certification card. .

Article Dates:

Due Date Topic Lifestyle Diseases Hazing & Bullying HIV/AIDS Health & Physical Fitness Drugs & Alcohol

First Aid /CPR/AED/ for the Schools and the Community Taking Action: Emergency Action Steps Chapter 1 Directions: Fill In the following chapter outline as you read through pages 15-27 in the participant’s manual. 1st Step _______________ the scene and the victim

1. Look over the scene and try to answer the following questions-(6) 2nd Step _______________ 911 or the local emergency number

2. If you are the only person on the scene you should ______________________. 3. Call First situations you would _______________________________________. 4. Care First situations you would ______________________________________. 5. CALL FIRST for- 6. CARE FIRST for- 7. CALL 911 after identifying these life threatening conditions: 8. List 6 situations to call 911.

3rd Step______________________ for the person.

9. List the 6 general guidelines in caring for a victim. 10. Never transport a person - 11. Do Not move an ill or injured person when giving care except: 12. 3 guidelines for moving an injured person include: 13. Describe the following techniques to move a person to safety in an emergency.

A. Walking Assist B. Pack-Strap Carry C. 2 Person Seat Carry D. Clothes Drag E. Blanket Drag F. Foot Drag

First Aid /CPR/AED/ for the Schools and the Community When Seconds Count Chapter 2 Directions: Outline pages 45-64 in the first aid manual. 1. Define the following:

Airway: Respiratory Distress: Respiratory Arrest:

2. The following causes respiratory distress: 3. Signals of Breathing Emergencies Include: 4. Time is critical in life-threatening emergencies:

0 minutes: 4-6 minutes: 6-10 minutes: Over 10 minutes:

5. Explain the following conditions: Asthma: Emphysema: Bronchitis: Hyperventilation: Allergic Reactions:

6. Explain the Universal Signal of choking. 7. If a choking person is coughing forcefully, __________________________________. 8. Explain how to give back blows. 9. Explain how to give abdominal thrusts. 10. Explain what to do in the following special choking situations.

Victim is pregnant or too large or pregnant: You are alone and choking: Victim is in a wheel chair:

11. List the common causes of choking for: Adult: Child: Infant:

12. Explain how to avoid air in the stomach. 13. Explain what to do if a victim vomits while giving rescue breaths. 14. If you are unable to make a tight seal over the victim’s mouth you should….. 15. Explain how to treat victims of submersion. 16. Explain how to care for victims of head, neck or back injuries. First Aid /CPR/AED/ for the Schools and the Community Quiz 2 True or False: Write True on the line if the statement is True. Write False on the line if the statement is False. 1. __________ When checking a victim, look listen and feel for breathing no longer than 5 seconds. 2. _________ It is important to write down information gathered from a victim and give it to the EMT. 3. __________ When using AED equipment a child is defined as 1-12 years of age. 4. __________ When checking a conscious child you should check them head to toe. 5. __________ The head tilt chin lift procedure moves the tongue away from the back of the throat allowing air to enter the lungs. 6. __________ An adults heart usually stops beating as a result of a breathing emergency. 7. __________ The airway is defined as the pathway from the nose and mouth to the lungs. 8. __________ If a choking person is coughing forcefully, perform back blows and abdominal thrusts.

9. __________ If a victim displays Agonal Breath allow the victim to rest comfortably with their legs raised 12 inches. 10. __________ The universal sign of choking is when a victim is clutching their throat with one or both hands. 11. __________ If a choking victim is pregnant or to large to fit your arms around you should perform chest thrusts. 12. __________ Respiratory Arrest is when breathing becomes difficult for the victim. 13. __________ If you are alone and choking lean over and press your abdomen against a chair. Short Answer: List the correct answers to the following questions. 14. When checking a victim you should be looking for the ABC’s. List what the ABC’s mean. A= B= C= 13. List 3 signals of the condition shock.

1. 2. 3.

14. List the method of checking an unconscious adult. 15. What would be different from the adult when you are checking an unconscious child or infant? 16. List the procedure of caring for a conscious choking victim. 17. List 3 common causes of choking. 18. Explain how to perform rescue breathing on a child.

First Aid /CPR/AED/ for the Schools and the Community Checking an Ill or Injured Person Chapter 3 Directions: Answer the following question after reading Chapter 3 in your manual pages 29-43. 1. For the purpose of first aid define the meaning of the following:

Adult Child Infant

2. When using AED equipment: Child

3. What are the two (2) basic steps when checking a conscious person with no immediate life-threatening conditions?

4. After identifying yourself and getting consent, what questions would you ask the victim? 5. What should you do with the information you gather from interviews? 6. Adults should be checked ___________________________________? 7. Infants should be checked ___________________________________? 8. When checking a conscious victim head to toe remember the following: 9. A= B= C= 10. The procedure that moves the tongue away from the back of the throat allowing air to enter the lings is known

as _____________________________________. 11. Look, listen and feel for movement and breathing no longer than __________ seconds. 12. If a victim is not breathing explain what you should do: 13. What is Agonal Breath? What should you do if a victim has Agonal Breathing? 14. Why do adults usually stop breathing? Explain what to do if an adult stops breathing. 15. Why do infants or children’s hearts usually stop breathing? Explain what to do if a child or infants heart is not

breathing. 16. What is Shock? 17. What are the signals of shock? 18. Explain how to care for Shock.

First Aid /CPR/AED/ for the Schools and the Community Cardiac Emergencies Chapter 5 Directions: Outline pages 67-101 in your first aid manual. 1. Define the following:

Coronary Heart disease: Cardiac Arrest:

2. List the signals of a heart attack. 3. Define the following:

Ventricular fibrillation (V-Fib): Ventricular tachycardia (V-Tach): Asystole:

4. List Care for a heart attack. 5. The most common cause of a heart attack is ______________________. 6. List the Cardiac Chain of Survival. 7. How far should you compress the chest when giving CPR to an:

Adult = Child = Infant =

8. List reasons why you would stop CPR. 9 List the common causes of cardiac arrest in children. 10. List the precautions you should take when operating an AED. 11. What special attention should you pay to the following AED situations?

Wet Environments: Implantable devices: Nitroglycerine pads: Hypothermia: Trauma:

12. Define the following: Advanced Directives: (DNR) Do Not Resuscitate:

Directions: Use pages 86-101 to outline the following skills. CPR- Adult

Step 1 Step 2

Unconscious Choking –Adult Step 1 Step 2 Step3 Step 4 Step 5

First Aid /CPR/AED/ for the Schools and the Community Quiz 3 True or False: Write True on the line if the statement is true, write false on the line if the statement is false. 1. __________ Ventricular tachycardia is the most common abnormal heart rhythm, where the ventricles quiver. 2. __________ Cardiac Arrest is a condition where the heart stops beating or beats to ineffectively to circulate blood. 3. __________ The most common cause of a heart attack in adults are breathing emergencies. 4. __________ An Advanced Directive gives instructions that describe a persons wishes about medical treatment. 5. __________ Asystole is when the hearts electrical system stops working. 6. __________ Coronary heart disease is a build-up of cholesterol on the inner wall of the hearts arteries. 7. __________ When giving CPR an adult’s chest should be compressed 1 to 1 ½ inches.

8. __________ CPR is given in cycles of 15 chest compressions an 2 rescue breathes. 9. __________ It is important to remove any medical patches with gloves before using the AED. 10. __________ A DNR states that if the persons heart stops or breathing stops they should not be resuscitated. Short Answer: List the Correct Answer. 11. List the Cardiac Chain of Survival. 12. List 4 signals of a heart attack. 13. List 4 reasons why you would stop CPR. 14. List 2 of the common causes for cardiac arrest in children. 15. List Care for an UNCONSCIOUS CHOKING ADULT.