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2Health Hazards&HAZCOM - GHSDeveloped by:Construction Safety Council4100 Madison StreetHillside, IL 60162(800) 552-7744www.buildsafe.orgConstruction Safety Council (800) 552-77442Prepare to Learn3Welcome toHealth Hazards in ConstructionConstruction & utility workers are exposed to a variety of health hazards everyday. These men and women have the potential for becoming sick, ill and disabled for life.

Learn the health hazards on your job and know how to protect yourself

Sadly, these health hazards (e.g., dangerous dust and other chemicals) can be unexpectedly brought home

Construction Safety Council (800) 552-77443Learn how to protect your family!Learning ObjectiveTLO:Comply with OSHAs new Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) and function within the Globally Harmonized System of Classification & Labeling of Chemicals.4The Terminal Learning Objective for this course is to gain knowledge on how to successfully implement a Hazard Communication Program which complies with the OSHA HCS 2012 and Globally Harmonized System of Classification & labeling of Chemicals.

The purpose of this section is to ensure that the hazards of all chemicals produced or imported are classified, and that information concerning the classified hazards is transmitted to employers and employees. The requirements of this section are intended to be consistent with the provisions of the United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS), Revision 3. The transmittal of information is to be accomplished by means of comprehensive hazard communication programs, which are to include container labeling and other forms of warning, safety data sheets and employee training.Construction Safety Council (800) 552-77444Learning ObjectiveEO:Identify the purpose, scope, benefits, elements and effective dates of GHS.EO:Compare and contrast GHS with HCS.EO:Define the 16 physical and 10 health hazard classifications.EO:Describe the requirements of a 16-section SDS.EO:List the new label requirements.EO:Identify controls to eliminate and/or reduce exposure to hazards.5The changes that will affect the employer (contractor) would be to train employees on the new hazard classifications (pictograms), make employees aware of new labels on containers and the new Safety Data Sheet (SDS) format. There are no substantive changes to the written hazard communication program requirements, only some terminology has changed (e.g., Material Safety Data Sheets). These changes, however, will require employers to review their current Hazard Communication Program and identify old Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) and replace them with the current SDS format sheets.Construction Safety Council (800) 552-77445Effective DatesDec. 1, 2013 Train employees on the new label elements and SDS format.Dec. 1, 2015 Shipment of products with old system ends.June 1, 2016 Full implementation.6Why Change?7

Existing RequirementsConsumer Product Safety CommissionDepartment of CommerceDepartment of TransportationFood and Drug AdministrationEnvironmental Protection AgencyOccupational Safety & Health AdministrationDepartment of AgricultureNational Institute of Environmental Health Sciences89National Fire Protection Association (NFPA 704M)

BlueRedWhiteYellow041Construction Safety Council (800) 552-77449National Fire Protection Association (NFPA 704)

The NFPA 704 Diamond is a means of disseminating hazard information for a material. The diamond is divided into four sections. Each of the first three colored sections (blue, red & yellow) has a number in it associated with a particular hazard. The higher the number is, the more hazardous a material is for that characteristic. The fourth section (white) includes special hazard information.

The NFPA 704 standard provides a readily recognized, easily understood system for identifying specific hazards. It addresses the health, flammability, instability, and related hazards that may be presented as short-term, acute exposures that are most likely to occur as a result of fire, spill, or similar emergency.

The objectives of NFPA 704 are:

To provide an appropriate signal or alert for the protection of both public and private emergency response personnel. To assist in planning for effective fire and emergency control operations, including clean-up. To assist all designated personnel, engineers, job-site, and safety personnel in evaluating hazards. 10Hazardous Materials Identification SystemDeveloped by the National Paint and Coatings Association (NPCA).A numerical hazard rating that incorporates the use of labels with color-coded bars. A special code identifying appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) is also listed.

Construction Safety Council (800) 552-774410HMIS (Hazardous Materials Identification System), developed by the National Paint and Coatings Association (NPCA), is a numerical hazard rating that incorporates the use of labels with color-coded bars. A special code identifying appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) is also listed.

NOTE: Safety glasses must conform to the American National Standards Institute (ANSI Z 87.1 Practice for Occupational & Educational Eye and Face Protection.DOT11

Conflicting Definitions1926.155 Definitions to Subpart FFlammable liquids defined as having a flash point below 140F.

1910.1200 Definitions (HAZCOM 1994)Liquid, flammable defined as having a flash point below 100F.12HCS 201229 CFR 1910.1200Appendix A: Health Hazard CriteriaAppendix B: Physical Hazard CriteriaAppendix C: Allocation of Label ElementsAppendix D: Safety Data SheetsAppendix E: Definition of Trade SecretAppendix F: Hazard Classifications Regarding Carcinogenicity13HCS 2012 (Purpose & Scope)Ensure that the hazards of all chemicals are classified.Information concerning the classified hazards is transmitted to employees.Hazard Communication ProgramLabelingSafety Data Sheets (SDS)Training14New Definitions (HCS 2012)ClassificationHazard categoryHazard classHazard not otherwise classified Unclassified HazardHazard statementLabel elementsPictogram

15The HCS 1994 is a performance-oriented standard that provides guidance for defining hazards and for performing hazard determinations. However, the current standard does not specify an approach or format to follow. The Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS) has certain aspects that are performance-oriented, but the key provisions are a uniformity-oriented approach for the classification and presentation, through labeling and safety data sheets, of hazard information.

The HCS 2012 is written as a modification to the existing standard, and those parts of the standard that do not relate to the GHS, or are already consistent with it remain unchanged. Additionally, some minor changes to terminology have been made in order to align this rule with language used in the GHS. For example, the term "hazard determination" has been changed to "hazard classification" and "material safety data sheet" has been changed to "safety data sheet."

Construction Safety Council (800) 552-774415New Definitions (HCS 2012)Precautionary statementProduct identifierPyrophoric GasArsineAcetyleneSafety data sheetSignal wordSimple asphyxiantSubstance16Deleted Definitions (HCS 1994)Combustible LiquidCompressed GasExplosiveFlammableFlashpointHazard Warning17Deleted Definitions (HCS 1994)IdentityMaterial Safety Data SheetOrganic PeroxideOxidizerPyrophoricUnstable (Reactive)Water-reactive

18Side By-Side ComparisonHCS 1994AssessEvaluateDetermineHCS 2012Classify19HCS 1994Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)HCS 2012Safety Data Sheet (SDS)Revisions to Other OSHA StandardsFormaldehyde (1910.1048)Asbestos (1910.1001, 1915.1001 & 1926.1101)Benzene (1910.1028)HAZWOPER (1910.120 & 1926.65)PSM (1910.119 & 1926.64)Flammable Liquids Indoor Storage (1926.152)20Construction Safety Council (800) 552-774420Revision Example1926.152 Flammable Liquids (indoor storage)Not more than 60 gallons of flammable or 120 gallons of combustible liquids shall be stored in any one storage cabinet21

Revision Example1926.152 Flammable Liquids (indoor storage)Not more than 60 gallons of Category 1, 2 and/or 3 flammable liquids or 120 gallons of Category 4 flammable liquids shall be stored in any one storage cabinet22

23The Globally Harmonized System of Classification & Labeling of Chemicals

GasAquatic HazardExplosiveFlammableCorrosiveOxidizerIrritant & SensitizerAcute ToxicityChronic Health HazardConstruction Safety Council (800) 552-774423GasThis is the symbol that will appear on chemicals that are; gases under pressure, compressed gases, liquefied gases, refrigerated liquefied gases, dissolved gases.Aquatic HazardThis is the symbol that will appear on chemicals which are acutely hazardous to fish, crustacea, or aquatic plants.ExplosiveThis is the symbol that will appear on chemicals which are; unstable explosives, self reactive substances and mixtures, and organic peroxides.FlammableThis is the symbol that will appear on chemicals that are flammable. Depending on the properties of the chemical(s); flammable gas, flammable aerosol, flammable liquid and vapor, flammable solid.CorrosiveThis is the symbol that will appear on chemicals that have corrosive properties. Depending on the properties of the chemical(s); may be corrosive to metal, causes severe skin burns and eye damage, will cause serious eye damage.OxidizerThis is the symbol that will appear on chemical that will release oxygen or behave like oxygen in a chemical reaction; causing a greater fire and explosion.Irritant & SensitizerThis is the symbol that will appear on chemicals with less severe toxicity; harmful if swallowed, harmful in contact with skin, harmful if inhaled, causes skin and eye irritation, may cause allergic skin reaction.Acute ToxicityThis is the symbol that will appear on the most severely toxic chemicals. Depending on the toxicity of the chemical, the skull and crossbones indicate that the chemical may be toxic or fatal; inhaled, swallowed, and/or contact with skin.Chronic Health HazardThis is the symbol that will appear on chemicals that poses chronic health hazards; respiratory sensitization, germ cell mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, reproductive toxicity, specific target organ toxicity, and/or aspiration hazard.Hazard ClassMeans the nature of the physical or health hazard, e.g., flammable solid, carcinogen, oral acute toxicity.24Hazard CategoryThe division of criteria within each hazard class. These categories compare hazard severity within a hazard class and should not be taken as a comparison of hazard categories more generally.Hazard Class/Category ExampleHazard Class - Flammable25

Hazard Class/Category ExampleHazard Class - Flammable26

Physical HazardsExplosivesFlammable GasFlammable AerosolsOxidizing GasesGases Under PressureFlammable LiquidFlammable SolidSelf-Reactive SubstancesPyrophoric SolidSelf-Heating SubstancesContact with Water Emits Flammable GasOxidizing LiquidsOxidizing SolidsOrganic PeroxidesCorrosive to Metal27Health HazardsAcute ToxicitySkin CorrosionSkin IrritationSerious Eye DamageEye IrritationRespiratory SensitizerSkin SensitizerGerm Cell MutagenicityCarcinogenicityReproductive ToxicitySpecific Target Organ ToxicityAspiration Hazard28Hazard Symbols & Classes29

GasAquatic HazardExplosiveFlammableCorrosiveOxidizerIrritant & SensitizerAcute ToxicityChronic Health Hazard30Recognition of HazardsWhat do you see?Visible material in the air Settled dust Warning signs, labels & decals

Construction Safety Council (800) 552-774430Concrete cutting with saw creates obvious dust exposure.

Visible material in the air If you see visible clouds of vapor or particles, there may be a serious exposure problem. Remember, however, that most gases and vapors are invisible, and that often the most dangerous particles are too small to see.Settled dust if there is chemical dust on the ground or other surfaces, it probably got there by settling out of the air. If disturbed, settled dust can become airborne again.Warning signs, labels & decals as required by OSHAs Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200) and other applicable standards.

Group DiscussionWhat health hazards do you see on your job?31

32Anticipation of Health Hazardsknowing the history of the work involved.Worker experience and education.To anticipate hazards:Survey job-site conditionsBe aware of the actions and behaviors of workers.

Construction Safety Council (800) 552-774432Health hazards can be anticipated by knowing the history of the work involved as well as through worker experience and education; learn all the hazards associated with your job and be better prepared to make good decisions regarding your health and safety.Generally, hazards associated with a particular job are either inherent (present before the worker shows up); or hazards can be created by the work (e.g., welding & cutting, use of fuel powered equipment, etc.).

To anticipate hazards:Survey job-site conditionsBe aware of the actions and behaviors of workers.

What hazards can you anticipate in this picture?Old fuel storage tank be excavated site being prepared for rebuild (fueling station).

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36Course ContentsThe purpose for the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and its enforcement duty under law.Common health hazards found in construction.An explanation Industrial Hygiene and toxicology.Important terms and definitions used in health standards and toxicology. Procedures for how to anticipate, recognize, evaluate and control health hazards in construction.Hazard communication program for contractors & the Globally Harmonized System for Hazard Communication.Respiratory protection program for contractors.Hearing conservation program for contractors.Construction Safety Council (800) 552-774436This program is dedicated to all the workers who have sustained a life threatening or disabling illness as a result of an occupational exposure.37The Construction Safety Council will like to thank the following for their contributions and support:The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)Chicago Area Laborers Employer Cooperation and Education Trust (LECET)United Union of Roofers, Waterproofers and Allied Workerselcoshimages.orgLeBlanc Building Co., Inc.Milton R. ChicasDavid Allie (4-Safety.com)John Dimos, MS, CIHConstruction Safety Council (800) 552-774437Thank you

38OSHA DisclaimerThis material was produced under grant number SH-19495-09-60-F-17 from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. It does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.Construction Safety Council (800) 552-774438General Disclaimer

This material is intended for training purposes only. Its purpose is to inform employers and employees of best practices in construction safety & health. This material is not a substitute for any provision of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) or any standards issued by OSHA. If at any time it is discovered that the materials presented vary from Federal or State OSHA regulations, American National Standards Institute (ANSI), EPA regulations, state laws or local ordinances, it is understood that those regulations, laws and ordinances will take precedence over the materials presented herein. In some cases, the information given may imply a higher level of protection then required in some Federal or State OSHA regulations. The mention of any products or materials by brand name in no way constitutes endorsement. Any products or materials not mentioned within this manual that may be considered acceptable as protective devices, equipment, or practices is not intentional and should not rule out their acceptability as employee or environmental protection.

OSHA Disclaimer

This material was produced under grant number SH-19495-09-60-F-17 from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. It does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.39Course OverviewPrepare an employer or its designated representative (job-site competent person) to understand and react to occupational health hazards in construction. Learn how to anticipate, recognize, evaluate and control occupational health hazardsLearn how and when to make managerial decisions regarding health issues in construction.Construction Safety Council (800) 552-774439Employers have the responsibility to protect the safety and health of the worker. This course will help prepare an employer or its designated representative (job-site competent person) to understand and react to occupational health hazards in construction.Course participants will learn how to anticipate, recognize, evaluate and control occupational health hazards; these hazards include, but are not limited to: chemical, physical, biological hazards. Special consideration will be given to occupational noise exposure in construction.In addition, the participant will learn how and when to make managerial decisions, such as how to implement a job-site hazard communication program, how to select appropriate engineering & administrative controls and how to properly implement a personal protective equipment (PPE) program. Also, participants will gain insight as to when to consult the expertise of an Industrial Hygienist and/or other qualified person.The goal of this course (Health Hazards in Construction) is to enhance communication of health hazards between employers & employees, to prepare an individual to make competent decisions on matters of occupational health exposures in construction, to equip this person with the knowledge and skills necessary to perform frequent and regular inspections of the job-site. At the conclusion, each course participant will posses the confidence to recognize and avoid unsafe conditions and will be able to identify regulations applicable to health hazards in construction.40Responsibility to Self & FamilyOccupational health hazards can unexpectedly be brought home; wear personal protective equipment (PPE) on the job and do not bring home health hazards that can harm your family!

Construction Safety Council (800) 552-774440A workers exposure to hazardous materials on the job can be unknowingly brought back to a persons home; heavy metals such as lead dust, concrete crusted clothing and variety of oils, greases and solvents can all be unintentionally poisoning your family!As a worker who might be exposed to these hazards, you have a responsibility to wear personal protective equipment (PPE), practice good hygiene and take advantage of training programs like this. Learn of the hazards associated with your job and protect your family.41Industrial HygieneLearning GoalsDefine industrial hygiene.Recognize industrial hygienes relationship to OSHA.Identify and define job hazard analysisBe able to apply the classic industrial hygiene approach (anticipate, recognize, evaluate & control) to hazard abatement.Construction Safety Council (800) 552-774441Learning goals for this lesson.42Important TermsIndustrial HygieneAnticipate (hazards)Recognize (hazards)Evaluate (hazards)Control (hazards)ToxicologyJob Hazard AnalysisHazard AbatementConstruction Safety Council (800) 552-774442Important terms that will be discussed during this lesson.43Industrial HygieneIndustrial hygiene is the art and the science of: Anticipating, Recognizing, Evaluating & Controlling hazards.4th Century B.C.

Hippocrates -Noted lead toxicity in the mining industry.1st Century A.D.

Pliny the Elder -Devised a face mask made from an animal bladder.

1556 A.D.

Georgius Agricola -Publishes De Re Metallica - diseases associated with mining occupations.1700 A.D.

Bernardo Ramazzini -Father of Industrial Medicine publishes De Morbis Artificum Diatriba (The Diseases of Workmen).Construction Safety Council (800) 552-774443Industrial hygiene is the art and the science of anticipating, recognizing, evaluating, and controlling workplace conditions that may cause workers' injury or illness. Industrial hygienists use personal and environmental monitoring and analytical methods to detect the extent of worker exposure and employ engineering, work practice controls, and other methods to control potential health hazards.

There has been an awareness of industrial hygiene since the ancient times!44Chemical

GasesVaporsFumesDustsFibersMists

Biological

Fungi (Mold)Bloodborne PathogensBacteriaPoisonous PlantsPoisonous & Infectious Animals

Physical

TemperatureNoiseRepetitive Motion & Awkward Postures Ionizing & Non-Ionizing Radiation

Construction Safety Council (800) 552-774444Health hazards in construction overview.

Question?

What are some other health hazards that course participants may have experienced?45ToxicologyToxicology is the science that studies the poisonous or toxic properties of a substance. Construction Safety Council (800) 552-774445Toxicology is the science that studies the poisonous or toxic properties of a substance. The basic assumption of toxicology is that there is a relationship among the dose (amount), the concentration at the affected site, and the resulting effects. As part of your job as a construction worker, study and learn the hazardous effects of the substances that you work with; study the dangers associated with the above health hazards in construction.

47Hazardous ConditionsConfined or enclosed spaces (hazardous atmospheres).Contaminated soil conditions (hazardous atmospheres).Unsanitary conditions (poor housekeeping, poorly kept toilet facilities, etc.).Presence of hazardous materials (dangerous coatings on structures & metal containing alloys, concrete & silica).The use of hazardous chemicals (gases, solvents & glues).The presence of residues left by degreasing agents, usually chlorinated hydrocarbons (chloroform and carbon tetrachloride).Construction Safety Council (800) 552-774447Hazardous conditions on construction job-sites, include, but are not limited to the follow

48Hazardous ConditionsOlder buildings and structures; unoccupied dwellings (fungi/mold, asbestos & lead).Extreme temperatures (hot & cold environments; working outside or in attics, boiler rooms, etc.).Radiological exposures (nuclear power plants, antennas, hospitals, laboratories and the sun).Loud noise (use of tools and equipment).Hot work (welding and cutting).The presence of plant and/or animal wildlife (poisonous venom, feces, rabies).Construction Safety Council (800) 552-774448Hazardous conditions on construction job-sites, include, but are not limited to the follow

Group DiscussionWhat health hazards can you anticipate on your job?

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Welcome&Thank You for Coming!51Paul A. Satti, CHST

Developed by:Construction Safety Council4100 Madison StreetHillside, IL 60162(800) 552-7744www.buildsafe.org52National Fire Protection Association (NFPA 704M)

BlueRedWhiteYellow041Construction Safety Council (800) 552-774452National Fire Protection Association (NFPA 704)

The NFPA 704 Diamond is a means of disseminating hazard information for a material. The diamond is divided into four sections. Each of the first three colored sections (blue, red & yellow) has a number in it associated with a particular hazard. The higher the number is, the more hazardous a material is for that characteristic. The fourth section (white) includes special hazard information.

The NFPA 704 standard provides a readily recognized, easily understood system for identifying specific hazards. It addresses the health, flammability, instability, and related hazards that may be presented as short-term, acute exposures that are most likely to occur as a result of fire, spill, or similar emergency.

The objectives of NFPA 704 are:

To provide an appropriate signal or alert for the protection of both public and private emergency response personnel. To assist in planning for effective fire and emergency control operations, including clean-up. To assist all designated personnel, engineers, job-site, and safety personnel in evaluating hazards. Health HazardCarcinogenMutagenicityReproductive ToxicityRespiratory SensitizerTarget Organ ToxicityAspiration Toxicity53

FlameFlammablePyrophoricsSelf-HeatingEmits Flammable GasSelf-ReactivesOrganic Peroxides54

Construction Safety Council (800) 552-77445455

Exclamation MarkIrritant (skin & eyes)Skin SensitizerAcute ToxicityNarcotic EffectsRespiratory Tract IrritantHazardous to Ozone Layer (Non-Mandatory)56

Construction Safety Council (800) 552-774456Gas CylinderGases Under Pressure57

CorrosionSkin Corrosion/BurnsEye DamageCorrosive to Metals58

Exploding BombExplosivesSelf-ReactivesOrganic Peroxides59

Flame Over CircleOxidizers60

EnvironmentAquatic Toxicity61

Skull & CrossbonesAcute Toxicity (fatal or toxic)62

Safety Data Sheets (Sections)IdentificationHazard(s) identificationComposition/information on ingredientsFirst-aid measuresFire-fighting measuresAccidental release measuresHandling and storageExposure controls/personal protectionPhysical and chemical propertiesStability and reactivityToxicological informationEcological informationDisposal considerationsTransport informationRegulatory informationOther information63The new HCS requires specific information on the new SDS format, in a specific order. Mandatory Appendix D of the HCS provides detail as to the required format and information for SDS.Construction Safety Council (800) 552-774463LabelAn appropriate group of written, printed or graphic information elements concerning a hazardous chemical, that is affixed to, printed on, or attached to the immediate container of a hazardous chemical, or to the outside packaging.PictogramHazard StatementSignal WordPrecautionary Statement64Single WordDANGERWARNINGCAUTIONNOTICEHCS 2012DANGERWARNING65

A signal word is a word that typically appears near the top of a warning, sometimes in all capital letters. Common examples include DANGER, WARNING, CAUTION, and NOTICE. The signal word is generally understood to serve a dual purpose: alerting the user to a hazard and indicating a particular level of hazard. The new HCS requires the use of one of two signal words for labels DANGER or WARNING depending on the hazard classification of the substance in question. DANGER is used for the more severe hazard categories, while WARNING denotes a less serious hazard. Construction Safety Council (800) 552-774465Labels & Other Forms of WarningProduct identifierSignal word (Danger or Warning)(f)(1)(iii) Hazard statement(s); (f)(1)(iv) Pictogram(s);(f)(1)(v) Precautionary statement(s); and,(f)(1)(vi) Name, address, and telephone number of the chemical manufacturer, importer, or other responsible party.

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Labels & Other Forms of WarningOSHA is maintaining the current approach to allowing alternatives to labels on each stationary process container; and the exception for portable containers under the control of the person who filled them with the chemical.Labels on incoming containers are not to be removed or defaced unless immediately replaced by another label.Workplace labels are to be prominently displayed and in English, other languages are permitted.6869Contractors Guide to HCS ComplianceBecome familiar with the OSHAs Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200)Prepare and implement a Hazard Communication Program.Assign a competent person to implement all aspects of the Program.Identify all hazardous chemicals in the workplace.Labels and other forms of warning must be in place.Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) available.Employee information and training conducted. Construction Safety Council (800) 552-774469RememberThe best protection is prevention. With hazardous materials, the only way to prevent harm is to know all the hazards and precautions associated; take full advantage of your Right-to-Know!70

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