healthy smile, healthy you!

Healthy smile, healthy you!

31.10.14

Since the days of the Phoenicians in 300-400BC, people have

valued an attractive smile and healthy teeth. However,

dentistry is about much more than fillings and scaling teeth. In

dentistry, the care of the mouth for both children and adults is

studied, including the prevention and treatment of the dental

diseases, screening for oral cancers, managing trauma,

orthodontics and oral surgery. In this little magazine you, dear

reader, will learn about pediatric- and geriatric dentistry and

much more about dentistry in general. Hope you enjoy.

“I was never afraid of anything in the world… except the dentist.”

– Taylor Caldwell

Pediat r ic Dent is t ry

Edgar Buchanan

Dr. John. M. Harris

Lucy Hobbs Taylor

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5

Dental Anx ie ty

Dental Anx ie ty

D id you know ?

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7

Geriatric dentistry

The physician and the

patient

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Hesy Re, Pierre Fauchard &

Wilhelm Roentgen

Did you know?

Did you know?

Wordlist

Bibliography

Photos

2 lorem ipsum :: [Date]

Lucy Hobbs Taylor -The first woman to graduate from

dental school in the U.S.

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Pediatric dentistry is a further

specialization among dentists. These

kinds of dentists are specialized in

dental care for children. Pediatric

dentists are working with patient with

new teeth; therefore they place an

early emphasis on health education.

The goal is to help to establish healthy

habits that children will follow through

their young years and beyond. For

example, pediatric dentists instruct

patients as well as parents on the

proper techniques for flossing and

brushing teeth.

To become a pediatric dentist

you need to have graduate high

school, college, dental school and

residency program before you can

gain license as a pediatric dentist. If

you learn chemistry, physics, biology,

anatomy and math in high school you

have a good education background.

After you graduate from dental school,

you will need to complete a two-year

residency program to become

pediatric dentist. To graduate as a

pediatric dentist you may need to take

a special exam related to pediatric

dentistry.

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Because pediatric dentistry requires

additional education, pediatric dentists

often earn higher salaries than generalists.

In 2011, dentists averaged $161,750 a

year. This same year, the average salary

of a specialists was &168,000 a year. But a

survey conducted by National Salary

Trend found that pediatric dentists could

expect to earn $193,000 a year, as of

2012.

There are many reasons why

pediatric dentistry is interesting. First of all,

it brings joy to work with children. Children

are often fun, easy to communicate with

and it is sometimes funny to listen to what

they have to say. Secondly, there is good

salary. To earn about $193,000 a year is

pretty good! And finally, it is important to

begin to take care of children´s teeth at

young age to provide good oral health

later. These reasons

are few of many

others why pediatric

dentistry is interesting.

Rebekka Sif

Pediatric dentistry


Dental Anxiety: A few tips to help children overcome fear of dentists.

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Dental anxiety is common among children. It has been showed that about 19.5% of children are afraid of dentists. It has been reported that dentist considers these kinds of patients are the hardest to handle. Dental anxiety is problematic for the clinical as well as the patient, it interferes the receiving of having optimal dental care. There are some ways that can be helpful in managing the child with dental anxiety.

Relaxing strategies are very useful. Many children will be calm by following simple deep-breathing exercise, which contains deep inhalation and slow exhalation. They can also been calmer if this deep-breathing exercise involves progressive muscle

“If you took your child to the dentist and check for cavities, the child likely won´t get them. If you take them just for emergency, that´s all they´re gonna get. “

-Bill Cosby

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relaxation. If the child sits in the dental chair with arms by his or her side and eyes closed. The child is then asked to relax each group of muscles in sequence, starting from the right toes and then the right heel, ankle, calf, knee, thigh, and hip. The child then repeats this exercise on the left side of the body. The right and left arm are then relaxed, followed by the shoulders, neck, jaws, cheeks, forehead, and scalp. Finally, the child is asked to focus on the breathing and relaxing the muscles in the chest and abdomen.

Information can make a huge difference. Usually, children tend to do their best when their life is predictable. They are more likely to handle things well when

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they have been told in advance what to expect. It helps if the clinical describe what he or she will be doing, what noise the child will hear, what type of vibrations she or he will feel, and what it will taste like. For young children role-play or demonstrations are useful strategy, because at their age it may be difficult to them to understand the explanations. There by, information can be important. Distraction can be useful for children with dental anxiety. If the child is playing with a toy in the waiting room, it can be distracting in the dental chair and therefore is can be clever to take the toy in the dental room also. It can be cleaver to talk to the children about recent birthday party or trip to an animal park, which can disturb the child.


Rewards are handy for children with dental anxiety. First, the dentists need to inform the child that if the procedure will flourish the child will get an award. These awards can for example be pretend tattoos, football cards, stickers, and some toys. At the end of the appointment the child could be given the opportunity to get a small treat from their parents or the dental office. It might be useful for the dental office to create a “treasure chest” filled with small rewards. And last, it can be good if the parents are involved. If the child is very distressed, the clinical should not hesitate to ask the parents to assistance. Parents know their children best and therefore they know what techniques works best for their child.

Also, children often feel saver with their parents when they are sitting by their side. Parent involvement can be very useful for these patients.

It is so much that can be done for children with dental anxiety to make them feel better and be saver in the dental chair. When dentists are dealing with children with dental anxiety it is important to complete the treatment. Treatment completion is not only good for the patient health, but also allow the child to realize that the procedure was not as bad as the child had expected.

Rebekka Sif

Did you know? v It takes 43 muscles to frown, but

only 17 to smile! v 2/3 has less respect for their boss

with dab oral hygiene.

v If you don´t floss, you miss cleaning 40% of your tooth surfaces! – It is recommended to brush and floss twice a day.

v In China, Sept. 20th is an official holiday and is known as “Love your teeth day.”

v An armadillo have 104 teeth.

v If you are right handed, you chew food on your right side. But if you´re left handed, you will chew on your left side.

v The enamel (the top of the surface on your tooth) is the hardest part of your body.

v An average person spends 38.5 days brushing their teeth over their whole lifetime.

v We have only two sets of teeth, the baby teeth and permanent teeth. Once you have your permanent teeth, make sure you take good care of them.

Rebekka Sif

Edgar Buchanan -The dentist who was an actor

Edgar Buchanan was a dentist and a famous actor. When he was young boy, he and his family moved to Oregon where he studied at the University of Oregon. After his graduation he followed his father´s steps and became a dentist. Edgar graduated from North Pacific Dental Collage. From 1929 to 1937, after his graduation he practiced oral surgery in Eugene, Oregon. Edgar then moved his practice to California. At the age of 36 he joined the Pasadena Community Playhouse, and gave up dentistry to become an actor. He was featured in over 100 films and television. He is maybe best known for roles in Judge Roy Bean (1956), Petticoat Junction (1963-1970), The Beverly Hillbillies (1962-1971), and more.

Rebekka Sif

Dr. John M. Harris started the world´s first dental school in 1828, and helped to set up dentistry as a health profession. The school was placed in Bainbridge in Ohio and opened February 21. Today this place is a dental museum. People who visit this museum can see a diversity of antique dental instruments and sets of false teeth.

Dr. Harris moved to Bainbridge in the mid-1820s. He started offering classes that reached dentistry and trained young doctors, in 1827. Harris practiced medicine with specialty in dental work. He reached his brother Chapin, who founded the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery, the first formal dental collage in the United States..

Rebekka Sif

A picture of the museum.

Lucy Hobbs Taylor was born in 1833, and she was the first woman to graduate from dental school in the U.S. In her young ages she lived in Constable in New York. Before she learned dentistry she was a teacher for ten years. In 1859, Lucy moved to Cincinnati to become a dentist. In 1861, she started her own practice in Cincinnati after studying dentistry. In November 1866, she entered the Ohio Collage of Dental Surgery and earned her doctorate in dentistry. Lucy next moved to Chicago where she met her future husband, James. M. Taylor. She convinced her husband to enter dentistry like she did. After her husband died, 1886, she put an end to active dentistry and became more active in politics.

Rebekka Sif

Dr. John M. Harris -He started the world first

dental school

Lucy Hobbs Taylor -The first woman to graduate from dental school in the U.S.

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Geriatric dentistry or gerodontics is

the delivery of dental care to older

adults involving the diagnosis,

prevention, and treatment of

problems associated with normal

ageing and age-related diseases.

Geriatric health is an ignored and

under-explored concept

worldwide. Oral health reflects

overall well being for the elderly.

Elderly patients are more

predisposed to oral condition due

to age related systemic diseases

and functional changes.

Very few dentists specialize

in geriatric dentistry, but dental

professionals must have a proper

understanding of the magnitude of

the services to be provided to the

elderly, maybe a special

education program to specialize in

geriatric dentistry should be started

without further delay. The major

objective of geriatric dentistry is to

enable professionals to recognize

and relieve the difficulties of the

aged. For successful treatment, the

dentists should adopt a

humanitarian attitude, develop a

better relationship and a further

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understanding of the feelings and

attitudes of the aged, understand

their special dental problems, and

consider them as different from

other groups. One of the main

objectives of care should be the

restoration or preservation of

function in order to help the

patient maintain not only an

independent lifestyle but also their

preferred lifestyle within those limits.

Dentists can be general

practitioners or specialists;

specialties include dental public

health, endodontics, oral and

maxillofacial pathology, oral and

maxillofacial radiology, oral and

maxillofacial surgery, orthodontics

and dentofacial orthopedics,

pediatric dentistry, periodontics,

and prosthodontics. It is quite

strange that a dentist can

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specialize in pediatric dentistry but

not in geriatric dentistry. This has to

change, because these two groups

have different needs, need different

approaching and different treatment.

Dentistry is an exciting and

challenging profession. I will be able

to see the results of my hard work in

my patients. Compared with many

other professions, dentistry is a well-

rewarded career, with good job

security and prospects. I can use my

academic and communication skills

as well as working with my hands. It

offers variety, it is possible to acquire

different specialisms, work with a

range of other professionals and take

advantage of travel opportunities. I

am interested in geriatric dentistry

because it is such an ignored under-

explored idea. But it is just as

important as pediatric dentistry for

example. This population took good

care of us, and now we have to show

them the respect to take good care

of them as well.

Heiðrún Huld

“To care for those who once cared for us is one of the highest honors.”

Geriatric Dentistry

Geriatric dentistry

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Geriatric dentistry is the branch of dentistry that emphasizes dental care for the elderly population and focuses upon patients with chronic physiological, physical and/or psychological changes or morbid conditions/diseases. The dental management of the elderly population is different from that of the general population because special considerations for age-related physiological changes, complications of chronic condition/therapy, increased incidence of physical/mental disabilities, and social concerns are required.

Special knowledge, attitudes, and skills are necessary to provide oral health care to the elderly. Wasting diseases of teeth usually increase with advancing age. Oral health has a critical impact on the functional, psychological, and economic aspects of the overall quality of life. The assessment of geriatric patients is a multidimensional, multidisciplinary diagnostic instrument designed to collect data on the medical, psychosocial and

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functional capabilities and limitations of elderly patients. Optimal treatment planning for older adults requires an understanding of the overall health of the patient and the relationship between any systemic problem and the patient's oral health.

Dental treatment plan should have the goal of achieving optimal oral health. Regardless of functional status, the elimination of acute dental infection and pain should be achieved for all elderly patients. Cosmetic and esthetic dental services offers older generation an opportunity to improve their smiles, enhance self-esteem, and improve the quality of life in their later years. Older patients should be given advice and assistance in support of their continued efforts to adequately maintain good oral hygiene. It is crucial to offer oral health education in a manner that respects the patient's autonomy and is not embarrassing. Dietary modifications should be made with regard to sugar intake. Patients should be asked to avoid carbohydrate-rich diet and encouraged to drink more water.

Moral and professional responsibility of oral physician toward geriatric

patient with interdisciplinary management

The time to act is now!

The geriatric patient may face special health care needs and challenges. The major emphasis or goal of the oral health team, when caring for older patients, is to show emotional and physical support by giving ample time to their hearing. Geriatric dental education should be taught both at the predoctoral and postdoctoral levels to oral health providers, and other health care professionals such as physicians and nurses, and to caregivers and patients.This age group requires a good human being and a trustworthy friend, and dentists should play the dual role of both a doctor and a friend.

Heiðrún Huld

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Hesy-Re was an Egyptian scribe, often called the first "dentist". He died in the year 2600 BC. An inscription on his tomb includes the title "The greatest of those who deal with teeth, and of physiscians." This is the earliest known reference to a person identified as a dental practitioner.

Heiðrún Huld

Pierre Fauchard was a Fench surgeon, born 1678. He published The surgeon dentist, A Treatise on Teeth. He is known as being the Father of Modern Dentistry because his book was the first to describe a comprehensive system for the practice of dentistry including basic oral anatomy and denture construction.

Heiðrún Huld

Wilhelm Roentgen was a German physicist, he was born in 1845. In the year 1895 he discovered the x-ray. In 1896 prominent New Orleans dentist, C. Edmond Kells, takes the first dental x-ray of a living person in the U.S. This was a very important discovery and is used every single day by dentists and other doctors.

Heiðrún Huld

Hesy-Re the first “dentist”

That moving forward into 5000 BC, the Sumerians blamed tooth worms as the cause of any dental issues, with the worms boring little holes in your teeth and hiding out inside. Some ancient doctors even mistook nerves as tooth worms

and tried to yank them out. The idea that a worm traveled through your mouth and was the cause of dental pain lasted until it was proven false in the

1700s.

Heiðrún Huld

Did you know?

Pierre Fauchard The father of modern

dentistry

Wilhelm Roentgen Discovered the x-ray

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Did you know?

That Forceps and the 'Pelican' were the most common extracting tools. The dental pelican, invented in the 14th century by Guy de Chauliac was often made by the village blacksmith, needed little skill to use and often caused

terrible damage and pain. The pelican was replaced by the dental key in the 1700’s which, in turn, was replaced by modern forceps in the 20th century.

Heiðrún Huld

Decay – Rotna, skemmast Enamel – Glerungur Ache – Verkur, pína Inflammation – Bólga, ígerð Malocclusion – Skakkt bit Tartar – Tannsteinn Cavity – Hola Floss – Tannþráður Gingivitis –Tannholdsbólga Gum – Tannhold, gómur

Rebekka Sif

Words

Morbid - sjúklegur Emphasis - áhersla Forceps - töng Denture - falskar tennur Joint - liðamót Susceptible - móttækilegur Neglect - hafa andstyggð á Segment - hluti Benchmark - viðmið Elimination - afnám

Heiðrún Huld

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Bibliography

Chron. "How Much Does Pediatric Dentist Get Paid?". http://work.chron.com/much- pediatric-dentist-paid-12996.html [Retrieved 25.10.14] Dentistry Today. “Five Tips for Managing Pediatric Dental Anxiety” http://www.dentistrytoday.com/pediatric-dentistry/1576 [Retrieved 26.10.14] Donna Theobald. "Geriatric dental care. " Seniors love to know. http://seniors.lovetoknow.com/Geriatric_Dental_Care [Retrieved 22.10.14] Heartland Science. ,,First Dental School.” http://www.heartlandscience.org/medhs/dental.htm [Retrieved 24.10.14] Micheal Friedman. 2014. ,, Dental care for seniors". WebMD. http://www.webmd.com/oral-health/guide/dental-care-seniors [Retrieved 22.10.14] Namibia dental association. ,, The History of Dentistry". http://www.namibiadent.com/the-history-of-dentistry.html [Retrieved 30.10.14] National Smile Month. ,,Fun Facts”. http://www.nationalsmilemonth.org/fun-facts/ [Retrieved 23.10.14] Payscale. ,,Dentist salary (United states)". http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Dentist/Salary [Retrieved 22.10.14] Rakhi Issrani, Renuka Ammanagi andVaishali Keluskar . 2012. Geriatric dentistry – meet the need. Wiley online library. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1741- 2358.2010.00423.x/full [Retrieved 22.10.14] Shalu Rai, Mandeep Kaur, Sumit Goel and Puneet Bhatnagar. 2011. ,, Moral and professional responsibility of oral physician toward geriatric patient with interdisciplinary management - The time to act is now!" NCBI. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3156495/. [Retrieved 30.10.14] Smiles & Giggles Dentistry. ,,Here are some fun facts to share with the entire family!.” http://www.smilesandgigglesdentistry.com/fun-dental-facts.html [Retrieved 23.10.14] 123 Dentist. ,,10 Fun facts about teeth.” http://www.123dentist.com/10-fun-facts-about- teeth/ [Retrieved 23.10.14]

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Photos

Photo 1 - http://www.powerswabs-review.com/bad-habits-wrack-teeth/ [Retrieved 27.10.14] Photo 2 - http://www.bamforddental.co.uk/general_dentistry.php [Retrieved 31.10.14] Photo 3 - http://dogwoodpediatricdentistry.com/firstvisit.html [Retrieved 31.10.14] Photo 4 - http://www.greenhavenpediatricdentistry.com [Retrieved 31.10.14] Photo 5 - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edgar_Buchanan [Retrieved 24.10.14] Photo 6 - http://mbtimetraveler.com/2013/04/27/death-of-a-dentist/ [Retrieved 31.10.14] Photo 7 - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucy_Hobbs_Taylor [Retrieved 24.10.14] Photo 8 - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harris_Dental_Museum [Retrieved 24.10.14] Photo 9 -http://yourdentalpartners.com/Enlow_and_Vance/Elder_Care_Dentistry.html [Retrieved 27.10.14] Photo 10 - http://www.draxelrad.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/bigstock-Success-Older-People-Giving-47323121.jpg [Retrieved 31.10.14] Photo 11 - http://www.bestdentistfortlauderdale.com/geriatric-dentistry-fort-lauderdale/ [Retrieved 31.10.14] Photo 12 - https://veronicascott.wordpress.com/tag/hesy-re-hesire/ [29.10.14] Photo 13 - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Fauchard [Retrieved 29.10.14] Photo 14 - https://researchthetopic.wikispaces.com/Wilhelm+Roentgen [Retrieved 31.10.14] Photo 15 - http://www.namibiadent.com/the-history-of-dentistry.html [Retrieved 1.11.14] Photo 16 - http://www.namibiadent.com/the-history-of-dentistry.html [Retrieved 1.11.14] Photo 17 - http://www.namibiadent.com/the-history-of-dentistry.html [Retrieved 1.11.14]