hearing
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HEARING. MUSICAL ACOUSTICS. Science of Sound Chapter 5. MUSICAL ACOUSTICS. RANGE OF HEARING. OUTER, MIDDLE, AND INNER EAR. THE COCHLEA. THE EAR. MIDDLE EAR: THE OSSICLES. RESPONSE OF THE BASILAR MEMBRANE TO A PAIR OF TONES. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
HEARING
MUSICAL ACOUSTICS
Science of SoundChapter 5
MUSICAL ACOUSTICS
RANGE OF HEARING
OUTER, MIDDLE, AND INNER EAR
THE COCHLEA
THE EAR
MIDDLE EAR:
THE OSSICLES
RESPONSE OF THE BASILAR MEMBRANE TO A PAIR OF TONES
AS THE INTERVAL DECREASES THEIR RESPONSE CURVES SHOW INCREASING OVERLAP
CRITICAL BANDWIDTH
CONSTANT AT LOW FREQUENCY BUT PROPORTIONAL TO f AT HIGH FREQUENCY
EAR FUNCTION
SOUND SOURCE LOCALIZATION
PRECEDENCE EFFECT
(Also called “Haas effect” or “Law of the first wave front”)
THE SOURCE IS PERCEIVED TO BE IN THE
DIRECTION FROM WHICH THE FIRST SOUND
ARRIVES, PROVIDED THAT:
1. Successive sounds arrive within ~ 35 ms;
2. Successive sounds have spectra and time envelopes
similar to the first sound;
3. Successive sounds are not too much louder than the
first sound.
LINEAR
LOGARITHMIC
LOGARITHMS AND POWERS
OF TEN
PRACTICE PROBLEMS (no calculator, please)
2.1x102 +1.4x10-2 =
3.0x108/300 =
log 8 =
log 2x107 =
log ½ =
log 1/5 =
log 200 =
log 400 =
log 500 =
SOLUTIONS TO PRACTICE PROBLEMS
2.1x102 +1.4x10-2 = 210 + 0.014 = 210.014
3.0x108/300 = 106
log 8 = log 23 = 3 log 2 = 0.903
log 2x107 = log 2 + log 107 = 7.301
log ½ = -log 2 = -0.301
log 1/5 = log 2/10 = 0.301-1 = -0.699
log 200 = log 2 + log 100 = 2.301
log 400 = log 2 + log 2 + log 100 = 2602
log 500 = log 1000 – log 2 = 3 – 0.301 = 2.699
DEPENDENCE OF SUBJECTIVE QUALITIES OF SOUND ON PHYSICAL PARAMETERS