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PEARL HARBOR ATTACK
HEARINGSBEFORE THE
JOINT COMMITTEE ON THE INVESTIGATIONOF THE PEARL HARBOR ATTACK
CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATESSEVENTY-NINTH CONGRESS
FIRST SESSION
PURSUANT TO
S. Con. Res. 27A CONCURRENT RESOLUTION AUTHORIZING AN
INVESTIGATION OF THE ATTACK ON PEARL
HARBOR ON DECEMBER 7, 1941, AND
EVENTS AND CIRCUMSTANCES
RELATING THERETO
PART 25PROCEEDINGS OF ROBERTS COMMISSION
Printed for the use of theJoint Committee on the Investigation of the Pearl Harbor Attack
UNITED STATES
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
WASHINGTON : 194679716
JOINT COMMITTEE ON THE INVESTIGATION OF THE PEARLHARBOR ATTACK
ALBEN W. BARKLEY, Senator from Kentucky, Chairman
JERE COOPER, Representative from Tennessee, Vice Chairman
WALTER F. GEORGE, Senator from Georgia JOHN W. MURPHY, Representative fromSCOTT W. LUCAS, Senator from Illinois PennsylvaniaOWEN BREWSTER, Senator from Maine BERTRAND W. GEARHART, Representa-HOMER FERGUSON, Senator from Michi- tive from California
gan FRANK B. KEEFE, Representative fromJ. BAYARD CLARK, Representative from Wisconsin
North Carolina
COUNSEL
(Through January 14, 1946)
WILLIAM D. MITCHELL, General CounselGERHARD A. GESELL, Chief Asaestant CounselJULE M. HANNAFORD, A1s(stant CounselJOHN E. MASTEN, Assistant Counsel
(After January 14, 1946)
SETH W. RICHARDSON, General CounselSAMUEL H. KAUFMAN, Associate General CounselJOHN E. MASTEN, Assistant CounselEDWAb P. MORGAN, Assistant Counsel
LOGAN J. LANE, Assistant Counsel
RINGS OF JOINT COMMITTEE
Pages
1- 399401- 982983-15831585-20632065-24922493-29202921-33783379-39273929-45994601-51515153-5560
Transcriptpages
1- 10581059- 25862587- 41944195- 54605461- 66466647- 78887889- 91079108-10517
10518-1227712278-1370813709-14765
Hearings
Nov. 15, 16, 17, 19, 20, and 21, 1945.Nov. 23, 24, 26 to 30, Dec. 3 and 4, 1945.Dec. 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, and 13, 1945.Dec. 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, and 21, 1945.Dec. 31, 1945, and Jan. 2, 3, 4, and 5, 1946.Jan. 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, and 21, 1946.Jan. 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 28, and 29, 1946.Jan. 30, 31, Feb. 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6, 1946.Feb. 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, and 14, 1946.Feb. 15, 16, 18, 19, and 20, 1946.Apr. 9 and 11, and May 23 and 31, 1946.
OF JOINT COMMITTEEEXHIBITS
Im
PartNo.
123456789
1011
PartNo
121314151617181920212226273234353639
through 25
through 31through 33
through 38
Exhibits Nos.
1 through 6.7 and 8.9 through 43.44 through 87.88 through 110.111 through 128.129 through 156.157 through 172.173 through 179.180 through 183, and Exhibits-Illustrations.Roberts Commission Proceedings.Hart Inquiry Proceedings.Army Pearl Harbor Board Proceedings.Navy Court of Inquiry Proceedings.Clarke Investigation Proceedings.Clausen Investigation Proceedings.Hewitt Inquiry Proceedings.Reports of Roberts Commission Army Pearl Harbor Board,
Navy Court of Inquiry and Hewitt Inquiry, with endorse-ments.
PROCEEDINGS OF ROBERTS COMMISSION 2171
INDEX TO EXHIBITS-ILLUSTRATIONSROBERTS COMMISSION
(The original Exhibit to which each illustration relates is indicated in parenthesesfollowing the description)
ITEM NO. DESCRIPTION1. Organization chart, Anti-hombardment Control, City of fonolulu, Oc-
tober 10, 1940. (Exhibit No. 11, Navy Packet 1.)2. Map of the City of Honolulu, T. H., reflecting areas of the city to be
evacuated and open areas available for trench and shelter construc-tion. (Exhibit No. 11, Navy Packet 1.)
3. Map of the Island of Oahu, T. H., reflecting division of the island intoControl Districts. (Exhibit No. 11, Navy Packet 1.)
4-16. Series of twelve architectural drawings, being plans for the constructionof various types of air-raid shelters. (Exhibit No. 11, Navy Packet 1.)
17. Sketch illustrating the required overhang to prevent effect of explosionfrom reacting on an underground structure. (Exhibit No. 11, NavyPacket 1.)
18. Graph showing penetration of concrete slab by action of falling bombs.(Exhibit No. 11, Navy Packet 1.)
19. Graph showing thickness of concrete slab perforated by explosion. (Ex-hibit No. 11, Navy Packet 1.)
20. Graph showing depth penetrated by explosion on the surface of variousmaterials. (Exhibit No. 11, Navy Packet 1.)
21. Graph showing approximate depth of penetration for unit sectionaldensity of bomb. (Exhibit No. 11, Navy Packet 1.)
22. Graph showing racial composition of the Territory of Hawaii. (ExhibitNo. 15, Navy Packet 1.)
23. Graph showing Japanese activities in the Territory of Hawaii. (ExhibitNo. 15, Navy Packet 1.)
24. Graph showing Japanese Consular Organization in Hawaii. (ExhibitNo. 15, Navy Packet 1.)
25. Graph showing Japanese Language Schools in Hawaii. (Exhibit No. 15,Navy Packet 1.)
26. Graph relating to United Japanese Society of Honolulu. (Exhibit No.15. Navy Packet 1.)
27. Graph showing major Foreign Controlled Japanese Corporations. (Ex-hibit No. 15, Navy Packet 1.)
28. Graph showing Alien Japanese Controlled Corporations in Hawaii.(Exhibit No. 15, Navy Packet 1.)
29. Graph relating to HOMPA HONEWANJI organization in Territory ofHawaii. (Exhibit No. 15, Navy Packet 1.)
30. Graph relating to JODO-SIIU organization in Territory of Hawaii.(Exhibit No. 15, Navy Packet 1.)
31. Graph relating to Overseas Japanese Central Society. (Exhibit No. 15,Navy Packet 1.)
32. Graph relating to Communist Activities in Territory of Hawaii. (Ex-hibit No. 15, Navy Packet 1.)
33. Graph relating to German Activities in Territory of Hawal. (ExhibitNo. 15, Navy Packet 1.)
34. Graph relating to Italian Activities in Territory of Hawaii. (ExhibitNo. 15, Navy Packet 1.)
35. Map of the Island of Oahu, T. H., showing main military and navalestablishments. (Exhibit No. 1, Navy Packet 2.)
36. U. S. Navy Aviation Chart of the Hawaiian Islands showing the locationof Mobile Aircraft Warning Service Radar Stations as of 7 December1941 with sectors showing coverage to the electrical horizon. (ExhibitNo. 2, Navy Packet 2.)
79716-4-----Ex. 143
2172 CONOIESSIONAL INVESTIGATION PEARL H ARBOR ATTACK
37-38. Moorirg and Berthing Plan of Pearl Harbor, showing air defense sec-tors. The original exhibit contained two marked copies of this plan.(Exhibit No. 10, Navy Packet 2.)
39. Graph showing air patrols as ordered for protection of the Task Force.(Exhibit No. 19, Navy Packet 2.)
40. Diagram of Zigzug Plan No. 00. (Exhibit No. 19, Navy Packet 2.)41. Diagram of Zigsg I'lan No. 61. (Exhibit No. 19, Navy Packet 2.)
42-43. Photographs showing hoinber formations and illustrating "shorts" inantiaircraft fire and the altitude of attacking planes at Pearl Harboron 7 December 1041. (xhibibt No. 24, Navy Packet 2,)
44. Rough sketch map of Pearl Harbor showtig a berthing plan ,r shipsberthed inserted on the map. (Exhibit No. 33, Navy Packet 2.)
45. Diagram of Studlard Anti-Submarine Patrol for Single Aircraft onE sort Iuty. (Exl ibit No. 33, Navy Packet 2.)
40. Diagram ittsc'hi to c-mnr uniation dated 18 December 1941 at PearlHarbor, captioned "Air patrol plan for sortie and entrance No. 1."(Exhibit No. 33, Navy Packet 2.)
47. Sketch showing location and number of sentries to man the SecurityWatch Posts. (Exhibit No. 83, Navy Packet 2.)
48. Military Map "BB", showing a gridded basic square superimposed on amaip of the r:ilu!nd of Otibu for location of positions in that area. (Ex-hibit No. =2, Navy Packet 2.)
49. Two Figures explaining the unified grid tvstra for location of positions.(Exhibit No. 3, Navy Packet 2.)
50-53. Copies of Radar Plots furnished the Roberts Commission by AdmiralBellinger. (Exhibit No. 43, Navy Pawcket 2.)
4-84. Photographs taken during the attack and thereafter at Kaneohe Bayindicating damage done at the field. ( exhibit No. 44, Navy Packet 2.)
85. Chart of Pearl Harbor showing location of various units of the Fleet.(Exhibit No. 48, Navy Packet 2.)
80. Vertical photograph of Wheeler Field. (Exhibit No. 1, Army.)87. Vertical photograph of Halelwa Field. (Exhibit No. 1, Army.)88. Vertical photograph of Bellows Field. (Exhibit No. 1, Army.)89. Progress mna relating t luh!ikeu' coJ trtuctioi. Wheeler Field. (Exhibit
No, 1, Army.)80. Secret "OPN Map Annex 1 to accompany FO1 Fixed Installations," Is-
land ofOabu, T.H I (Exhibit No. 1, Army.)91. Secret map of "Hawaiian Defense Project, 1941-Antialrcraft Disposi-
tions." (Exhibit No. 1, Army.)92. Map showing military reservations of the Island of Oahu, T. H. (Ex-
hibit No, 1, Army.)9. Special Military Map "AA" of the Hawaiian Islands, (Exhibit No. 1,
Army.) i , ,94. MA awin g drannrnd df.noas it melA'm fil, II(Exhibit No. 5.
Army.)95. Chart of Hickam Field showing the disposition of aircraft at the time
of the attack. (Exhibit No. 5, Army.)96. Map showing Communications Installations, Island of Oahu, T. H.
(Ixhibit No. 7, Army.)97. Map showing Bridges, Police Districts and other important Installa-
tions. Island of Oahu, T. IL, (Exhibit No. 7, Army.)98. Map showing electrical installations, Island of Oahu, T, H. (Exhib.':
No. 7, Army.)9o. Layout map showing general plan of fBellows FWI1
4' (M$hlbit Zo. 12,
SArmy.), - - . . '100104. Maps and Overlays relating to ading and disperagl of aircraft, Bellows
S JItlde (lhlMit No. 14" 0,i) n106. Sketch showing location of aircraft in Hawaiian Air Depot Shops on
* .lcer . 31.(titrJ ?.5, Army,),106, Diagram showing the location of varipau :d attatiogs. (Exhibit No. 16,
107. Sketch of a, Japnese Navy Firglte Seat Pursuit J~Jan0, 1941. (Exhibit( btNo bt 2 ) Army. .'
dIhibitS n o0. A Arms!t009. Map lsiAah ry of Oah, how
(Exhiblt No. 28. Army.) , ,: . , . ; .
PROCEEDINGS OF ROBRTS COMMISSION 2173
110. Map of Island of Oahu, T. H., showing electric power installations.(Exhibit No. 28, Army.)
111. Map of Island of Oahu, T. 11., showing supply and evacuation Installa-tions. (Exhibit No. 28, Army.)
112. Partial Road Map, Schofleld Barracks. (Exhibit No. 28, Army.)118. Map of Island of Oahu, T. H., showing communications installations.
(Exhibit No. 29, Army.)114. Map of Island of Oahu, T, H., showing various important installations.
(Exhibit No. 29, Army.)115. Map of Island of Oaha, T. H., showing electrical installations. (Ex-
hibit No. 29, Army.)116. Map of Islaud of Oahu, T. H., showing communications installations.
(Exhibit No. 30, Army.)117. Map of Island of Oahu, T. 11., showing various important installations.
(Exhibit No. 30, Army.)118. Map o! Island of Oahu, T. H., showing electrical Installations. (Ex-
hibit No. 80, Army.)119. Map of Island of Oahu, T. H., showing supply and evacuation installa-
tions. (Exhibit No. 30, Army.)120. Map of Island of Oahu, T. H., showing communications installations.
(Exhibit No. 32, Army.)121. Map of Island of Othu, T. H., showing various important lustalla-
tions. (Exhibit No. 82, Army.)122. Map of Island of Oahu, T. H., showing electrical installations. (ix-
hibit No. 32, Army.)123. Radar Chart, Opana station, 7 December 1941. (Exhibit No. 88, Army.)124. Special Mlitary Map "AA," of the Hawaiian Island. (Exhibit No. 83,
* A-ry.)125. Chart showing a method of searching 5-degree sectors through 800 de-
grees to a radius of 838 miles from Oahu employing 72 1-17 airplanes.(Exhibit No. 35, Army.)
126. Graph showing relation of 25-mile visibility to distance. (Exhibit No.85, Army.)
127-128. Charts showing the radius of action of B-17D airplane under variousload conditions in relation to possible plans for a carrier group at-tacking Oahu. (Exhibit No. 85, Army.)
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79716 0-46 RC
AND BERT ntNG PLAN
IF
ITEM NO. 38
,a 7i:L: -":,3Y'-IM FM ZEN5.
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= 6L,AIESTIIRII: , ,,-TH 7-1:,WMI VISIBI U Ty
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ITEM NO. 40
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ITEM NO. 43
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ITEM NO. 45
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ITEM NO. 46
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Is SALE 1 25,000
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SECRETOPN MAP
ANNEX NO I TO ACCOMPANY FO IFIXED INSTALL AT IONS
LEGENDdtoA IXE AAGUN POSI 55N
Et) EXISTINT 240MM P STIONS
';PROPOSED 240MM IT TONS
II EXIlTINT SATTERJE- INIThALL MANNED
EX LISTINT BATTERIES, 'IT 0 NTALL MANNER
SACOAST SEARCE SGITS
C>A IR ELDS HN
A A SEACOAST O P's - ~ P AND GOP P
W. AXAIS 0 P's
SAI.CRAPT NAIRNINI STATITNT
HILLE 0 0 1.007
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WADAWY
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"HAWAIIA N DOMMSE PROJECT-1/94/ANTIAIRCRAFT DISPOSITIONSA.A.GUNS ASO AAAIS OPS
A SEE mot I I ."'. o - E.TH au
I/NCLOSURE NO. -2.'1LEG END
WA~AN D f~GUN BATTERIES /94
-P NUMBERS MANNED BY TOTA
~ ... 94123 9STH CA. 3
4-6 16 T H ~g*)C A. 2LU
8 9-10-11-12-13 84 TH C . 6I
- .1 514-2021 2 SI ST C A. 3
20 7r-23-24-25 -26-2728, 98TH C A. 6 ,o
k~lALL BATTERIES ARE FOUR GUNS EACHI EXCEPT NO 94 AND 5 WHICH IRE THREE GUNS EACH,
+ mBEIATTERIES N4S. 1$17-19 ARE PROPOSED TMM-
lISTS' WAr~t 800I AlA 100008 0 1 4 P
25 r0T sAGA 0
L -ly,
00 WI AS HE
00e IS ft*WY
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ISLAND IOF OAHU 'liraNSEACH9A~RE d5 6(-3AEPmODQM 0
ii i - - t-ft
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E.hIbIt K., 3 (A-y) RM.,U ITEM NO. 92
.WW
77-TF M I LI TARY RESERVATIONS
I S LAND OF 0 -HU
1 Adea, 30 Kawailole R2 Aiea H~eigh~ts 31 Kesah-1-3 Alianaflu 32 Keasu Ridge4 Armstrong Ft 33 Koko Head
+ 5 Ashley 34 Kokololio-- 6 Anshulu Flats 35 Kurda
7 Awanui 36 Kuwaaohe8 Barbers Point 37 Kuili Parkc9 Barrette Ft 38 Wae
10 Browns Camp 3q Ile, -"n1 Do Russy Ft '40 tualuale.12 Ewa Beach 41 IMaili13 Hawaii Arsenal 42 Makalapa.14 Rickam Field 43 Makapuu15 Ronouliuli 44 %Makna
(Malekole r-ap) 45 ManafahftaS 16 Raaawa 46 Nanakuli
17 Keena Point 47 oneula18 Kaise Foint 48 Falailai19 Kahuku 49 Funcisbvwi20 Kabul., Heights 50 Psapukes, -C21 Khluku -RI' 51 Fupukea '0-22 Kaimild 52 Fupukea -023 Kalihi 53 Puu/idi24 Karcehameha Ft 54 u-4uf25 Kapahulu 55 adud
(Fusspng Site) 56 Rosund Top26 Kaplama. 7 Roger Ft27 Kwaihpai58 Sand Island28 Kwaila E59 Schofield Barracks29 Kwaioa C& L60 Shafter Ft
61 Sugar loaf-. 62 Waialua
... 63 Waimanal
-- A 65 Weaver Ft66 fheeler Field
5.51St Nt * IAStSI It1Sttt. C,,.ttt.t ITKM NO. 3
17. 16
O5t MAOI
AHA WA\
SPECIALMILITARY MAP 'AA7
~ 3 5? 16 11 5 41
I25'
KAUAI
, 0.0 ,
', 96
ITEM N~O%OUNI=A DOTAUA
NWUewl Indicate Cable Huts (02lstingl.DNeMrele, a~lrold, Indioato Cab]*. HElu
played ut nat yet cnetruoted.Heavy JIM. *betwoft huts, infilat. tho
6006al tree* of cable lines. (exietlas).Bflulkn lines, between buts, Ud et. the
8enerel trace of pronceed cable line.
// ICLOSURQ' NvO./
TTEm NO. sr
iris Sr .. r
'led -TT-rT-T 7-TSI - -- -i a - re 0
INCLOSURE NO.2
75 -- --\? :
~LL.LNQ
i. Y LEGEND
S4 - POuCE DSTROCTS
1 45 - RAILROAD BRIOGES
HIGHWAY BRIDGES
ELECTRIC LINE POWER HOUSE TOSCHOFIELD BARRACKS. 22 MILES
ESS NT AL TELEPHONE SWITCI-
6 8ooDs/i(OUTSIDE HONOLVUJ)51/
r =g
47--t 5
-' r74 I ir- ,9ia.... 3'. -
4s443
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131
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ISLAND OF OAHU 9 57
161
-- II~ (L I " 1 - Ynr~ D' u I
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ITEM ~ NiO 1113
I I 1 11 "ll I' l
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1.". 11 ll -
ITEM NO. 106
79716 0-46 RC
ITEM NO. 107
7 716 0-46; RC
ITEM NOP. 10I
okok..jin, !EIJI! Ualoto cmtl #
OUMkba lotalac mu""& g. ~i
419"1 operating LXnAwuw~.
INCLOSCJRE NO. I/Revaeg low ~ig
TOM. 0-46 Re~
- 11 - 1-
ITEM NO. III
ITEM NO. 112
7P71 046i RC
ITEM NO. 113OOMnCAnCM USTAUATtCW
momomu twiestexx4loble hto (01"tuoy.ft"relo, Ir 10, w I"%* cuip *A#
VUVW4 Im rK WAWUWW.ofeavy luw*, bot"m ba", uAto"a $A*
oft.wol tr*" at 0"10 luw loxi-logy-amkov ILMO, bou'm *at*. 1w Mto uo
paw" U"o of mpm-*$ cuble um-9-
96
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ss*W97"W 03,
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K.
-4. I NCLOSURE NO. 2
2. 75
4D . ........ .. 99
LEGEN3V
4 POLICE DISTRICTS
45 RAILROAD BRIDGES
4 HIGHWAY BRIDGES
----- _ELECTRIC LINE POWER HOUSE TOSCHOFIELD BARRACKS. 29 MILES
ESSENT AL TELEPHONE SWITCH-(OUTSIDE HONOLULU) I
Tw
iEVI ED APRIL9
ITV44 1 P
40
675
'LAND OF OAHU
ZM
mew w as wa ws
ITPM %f
fl EMN NO. 115
7D711; 0-46 RV
ITEM NO. 116
ITEM NO. 117
79716 I 4s R'
ITEM NO. 118
79716 0-46 RC
ITEM NO. 119
.j
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11 44 , IU u
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f9, ',I 99I 496 19C
ITEM N(), Lzv
ITEM NO. 121I
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tJ1 Z039WtT= RIS 09 83FS ROM GOiMl CULDVIN 72 8-170
'sYASSAEYJ TOm W5 Z S
Confidential
v A7
OAM2
I.". - -
ITEM NO 126
11 CNIDI A
RELATION OF 25 MILE VISIBILITY TO DISTANCE
%IOF COVCRAGE ON THE SEARCH OUT 7hOVERLAP
2. 7his ex'in'ti i ^SO t, F, * cr-
I=.~ n&aical il eqjIl".10 rm'ir. Sine -' e r'*
i 2 riles tc i- -r si..e, -rm i cn .,1
. 12ch -ie, tO e
4. From t'ro ool',tin * ovc tne ?ajQw.r- w r-
iio0~ mma tiet 11-1- le
if 1*0 anglr is 7- f~r t".n ro, it irites'--r
in*a* of I ?x ortA th.3 r vrI
(C-242- SVC -IT*-*- 41) - CHAT 2
79716 0-4 So
SECTION2
4:4
544 7 4
.4 -:;E 143
?~ r93 8~ .. 9 S 4 6
454 5A,,5~ fE .; rr, l
I .a~f7 c-Z/4- , '-'
SEC~
4P 4
" --S 6
4I-) 4 6
CHART 3
141 4-6
ITEM NO. 127,
-4,
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ITEM NO. 2
F-
A
A 0 GA' 4"* ar -
SECTION 2
t. F AL -"x .9 :-s
26- -
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TO OW~4 *2 CART1!N ~
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