heat pumps in district heating and cooling systems · slide district heating systems – potential...
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Institute of Building Technology and Energy IGE Center for Integrated Building Technology Diego Hangartner Research Associate
+41 41 349 39 78 [email protected]
Aalborg 12.11.2018
Heat Pumps in District Heating and Cooling Systems – Case studies
4th District Heating and Cooling Conference in Aalborg Denmark
Slide
Why district heating?
2, 20.11.2018 Source picture: Photo LaPresse
Local source
End user
Renewable Energy
Economically profitable
CO2- emissions
Slide
Situation in Europe
3, 20.11.2018 Source: www.euroheat.org/news/district-energy-in-the-news/top-district-heating-countries-euroheat-power-2015-survey-analysis/
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Percentage of citizens served by district heating
Slide
District Heating Systems – Potential in Switzerland
4, 20.11.2018
Sou
rce:
Sre
s T.
et
al.,
Wei
ssbu
ch F
ernw
ärm
e, e
iche
r un
d pa
uli,
Mär
z 20
14
85
2010 2050
Potential of thermal networks in Switzerland until 2050
ground water, lake, river
Retrofit
45
17
038%
100%
TWh/a
Heat Source Theoretical Potential [TWh/a]
Economical Potential [TWh/a]
Waste Incineration 5.7 3.6
Waste heat industry 3.6 Not assigned
Groundwater 12.2 1.9
Wastewater plant 7.7 1.9
Lakes 97.0 5.1
Rivers 21.3 1.8
Wood 20.5 1.7
Geothermal 70.0 1.3
Total 238.0 17.3
Slide
Heat pumps – Applications in DHC Systems
5, 20.11.2018
DECENTRAL Ambiant heat Ground water
Source Nutzer Distribution, generation
10°C
7°C
10°C
7°C
70°C
50°C
CENTRAL/ DECENTRAL
Ambiant heat Ground water
Source Nutzer
11°C
8°C
70°C
50°C
35°C
28°C
35 °C
28°C
Distribution, generation
CENTRAL Ambiant heat Ground water
Source Nutzer
11°C
8°C
70°C
50°C
70°C
50°C
Distribution, generation POSITION:
CENTRAL/ DECENTRAL
Ambiant heat Lake water
Source Nutzer
4°C
2°C
70°C
50°C
8°C
4°C
8 °C
4°C
Distribution, generation
Slide
Case project – Rheinfelden-Mitte (Brewery Feldschlösschen)
6, 20.11.2018
- AEW Energie AG / Wärmeverbund Rheinfelden Mitte AG
- Residential, offices, restaurants,
commercial buildings of Rheinfelden.
- 9.7 GWh/a (Heating + DHW) - 5.9 MW power installed
- Ammonia HP 2 x 1 MW / COP=3.4
- Source: industrial waste heat
- TNetwork: 70/80 °C and 50 °C.
- Investments: 20.5 Mio. CHF
Slide
Case Project – Bulle, «Jardins de la Pâla»
- EKZ Contracting SA - 65’000 m2 Residential + Commercial
- 3’100 MWh/a (Heating + DHW)
- 650 MWh/a Cooling demand
- 2 MW power installed (in total)
- Two-stage HP per house / COP=4.1
- Source: Ground water
- TNetwork: between 4 °C and 17 °C.
- Investments: 6 Mio. CHF
7, 20.11.2018
Slide
Programm «Thermal Networks» - Classification of networks
8, 20.11.2018
Thermal networks
Que
lle:
Köd
el e
t al
., G
rund
lage
n un
d Er
läut
erun
gen
zu t
herm
isch
en N
etze
n, E
nFK,
SCCER
, M
ärz
2018
0°C 20°C 30°C 60°C Freezing point H2O
Limit Direct cooling
Limit Direct heating
Limit DHW-preparation
60°C
30°C
20°C
0°C
Network temperature (warm pipe)
Valu
e of
hea
t
High temperature Low temperature
Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4
Heating Pre-Heating Cooling
5th Generation?
Slide
Heat pumps
9, 20/11/2018
Slide
Power range of heat pumps sold in Switzerland in kW
10, 20/11/2018
82% < 20 kW 97% < 50 kW
Source: https://www.fws.ch/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/FWS_Statistiken_2017_V2.pdf
kW
Num
ber
of u
nits
sol
d
Slide
IEA Annex 47 – Heat Pumps in DHC Systems
- Participating Countries: - Denmark (Lead, Svend Vinther Pedersen) - Sweden - Austria - Switzerland - Great Britain
- Task 1. Market potential
- Task 2. Description of existing systems
- Task 3. Concepts/solutions
- Task 4. Implementation barriers
- Task 5. Dissemination
11, 20.11.2018
Source: http://heatpumpingtechnologies.org/annex47/
Slide
Supply and return temperatures of DH – Case Austria
Source: Büchele R., „Bewertung des Potenzials für den Einsatz der hocheffizienten KWK und effizienter Fernwärme- und Fernkälteversorgung, Endbericht,“ Wien, 2015. 12.20.11.2018
Slide
Heat pumps – Application possibilities in thermal networks
13, 20.11.2018
Wood
Source Users Distribution
68°C
45°C
65°C
50°C
Own network
Wood
Source Users Distribution
68°C
45°C
65°C
50°C
Other users
Other networks
Increase the capacity of the
Slide
District heating Tamsweg – Using return temperatures as heat source
- Increase network capacity
- Improve efficiency of burner due to better flue gas condensation
- 20 % more energy out of the same amount of wood
- 0.9 MW heat pump, COP 6
14, 20/11/2018
Source: Kronberger, B., 2015
Slide
Heat pumps in thermal networks - Summary
- Heat pumps key technology
- Efficiency improvement and CO2-reductions
- More application possibilities
- Still technical and social-economical barriers to overcome!
- Availability products - «New» technology
15, 20.11.2018
Heat source Application Power range Temp. range Delta T
Ground water Central lift > 1 MW 11°C to 70°C 60 K
Ground water Decentral lift 100 kW – 1 MW 11°C to 65°C 55 K
Lake water Central low temp. lift > 1 MW 4°C to 8°C 4 K
Return DH Central or decentral 100 kW – 1 MW 50°C to 70°C 20 K
Slide
Thank you for your support and attention!
https://heatpumpingtechnologies.org/annex47/ www.energieschweiz.ch/thermische-netze
16, 20.11.2018
Annex 47
Programm «Thermal Networks»