hecras basis input hecras – sawyisi monacemebi
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HECRAS Basis Input HECRAS – sawyisi monacemebi. by G. Parodi WRS – ITC – The Netherlands g. parodi WRS-ITC- niderlandebi. The Basics safuZvlebi. Geometry Data. geometriuli monacemebi Flow Data. dinebis monacemebi Perform Hydraulic Computations hidravlikuri gaTvlebis Sesruleba - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
HECRAS Basis InputHECRAS – sawyisi
monacemebi
by G. ParodiWRS – ITC – The Netherlands
g. parodiWRS-ITC- niderlandebi
The BasicssafuZvlebi
Geometry Data.
geometriuli monacemebi
Flow Data.
dinebis monacemebi
Perform Hydraulic Computations
hidravlikuri gaTvlebis Sesruleba
Viewing the Output
Sedegebis gamoxazva
Extent of study area Sesaswavli regionis
ganfeniloba Area of interest interesis are Boundary conditions sasazRvro pirobebi Section locations and
orientation seqciebis adgilmdebareoba
da orientacia
Before you start…Layout the modelmanam daviwyebT....dagegmeT modeli
Geometry Data - the basicsgeometriuli monacemebi - safuZvlebi
Cross-section information informacia ganivi kveTebis Sesaxeb Roughness coefficients xorklianobis koeficienti Distance between sections seqciebs Soris manZili Bridge/culvert data monacemebi xidebis/wyalsadenebis
Sesaxeb
Cross Section Locationsganivi kveTebis adgilmdebareoba
Place and measure cross sections when there is a change in:ganaTavseT da azomeT ganivi kveTebi rodesac icvleba: Slope ferdobis daxra Discharge xarji Roughness xorklianoba Channel shape dinebis forma Control (bridge, levee, weir, etc) kontroli (xidi, jebirebi, sagubari, a.S)
Cross section orientationganivi kveTebis orientacia
Very important Zalian
mniSvnelovania Survey perpendicular
to flow aageT dinebis
perpendikularulad May not be a straight
line araa savaldebulo
iyos swori xazi
flowto
perpendikularuliadinebis mimarT
X1 X2
Cross Section Spacing: Where to measure?Sualedebi ganiv kveTebs Soris: sad gavzomoT?
In general: zogadad: Widely spaced for flat, very large rivers and closer for steep small streams farTodaa ganlagebuli brtyeli, Zalian msxvili mdinareebisTvis ufro axlos mcire da cicabo
nakadebisTvis Very large rivers (Mississippi) on the order of a mile (1600 m) Zalian msxvili mdinareebisTvis (misisipi) 1 milis rigis (1600m) For large rivers on the order of 1000 feet (300 m) msxvili mdinareebisTvis 1000 futis rigis (300m) For slower streams on the order of 200 feet (60 m) neli dinebebisTvis 200 futis rigis (60m) For small creeks creeks of 25 feet (8 m) patara ubeebisTvis 25 futis rigis (8m) For supercritical reaches, on the order of 10 to 50 feet (3 to 15 m) superkritikuli gawvdomisTvis 10 - 50 futis is rigis (3 dan 15 m-mde) For drop structures, as low as 5 feet (1 m) danawevrebuli struqturebisTvis 5 fuTze naklebi (1 metramde) Can interpolate if reasonable (check results) SesaZloa interpolireba Tu aqvs azri (gadaamowmeT Sedegebi) Not too close (1’, may drop friction loses) Zalian axlos ara (1’, SeiZleba daanawevros xaxunis danakargi)
flowto
High flowRrma dinebaLow flowsdabali dineba
Reach Lengths - Are they constant?gawvdomis sigrZe – mudmivia?
perpendikularuliadinebis mimarT
Survey shots must describe the channel and overbank flow area
agegmvis mizania aRweros arxis (dinebis) da datborvis area
Section should extend across the entire floodplain
seqciebi unda vrceldebodnen mTeli xeobis gaswvriv
Plot cross-section data, especially electronic surveys
ganivi kveTis monacemebis amoxazva, gansakuTrebiT cifruli
agegmareba
Take photographs
gadaiReT suraTebi
Assume modeler has never seen the stream
dauSviT, rom modelis Semqmnels arasodes unaxia mdinare
Note vegetation changes in cross-section e.g. field, trees, grass buffer, etc.
aRniSneT mcenareuli safaris cvalebadoba ganiv kveTebSi, magaliTad:
saZovrebi, xeebi, balaxeuli buferebi da sxva
No 3-point cross-sections
ara 3 wertiliani ganivi kveTebi
Surveytopografiuli agegmareba
HEC-RAS 3.0 Hydraulic User Manual, Figure 5.1
•Profile road and bridge deck
centerline
•gzis da xidis savali nawilis
RerZuli profilebi
•Pier width, location
•pirsis sigane,
adgilmdebareoba
•Low Chord Elevation
•xidis savali nawilis
umdablesi horizonti
•Skew Angle (bridge - stream)
•moxris kuTxe (xidi – nakadi)
•Bridge opening
•xidis gaxsnili nawili
Bridge Surveysxidebis agegmareba
SekumSvis gawvdoma
gafarTovebis gawvdoma
Basic Input - the modelmonacemebis Setanis ZiriTadi principebi -
modeli
Double Click on HEC-RAS icon.
orjer daaWireT HEC-RAS-is Rilaks
Starting HEC-RAS – dasawyisi
Establish the Unit first pirvel rigSi miuTiTeT,
erTeulovani sistema Click on File - New Project from the
main menu to start a project imisTvis, rom daviwyoT axali
proeqti, davaWiroT ZiriTad meniuSi “File - New Project ” Rilaks.
Starting a Project- proeqtis dawyeba
Select a working directory SearCieT samuSao saqaRalde Then enter project title and file name Semdeg SeiyvaneT proeqtis saTauri da failis saxeli
Starting a Projectproeqtis dawyeba
Starting a Projectproeqtis dawyeba
Check the unit system before accepting. SeamowmeT erTeulovani sistema sanam
daeTanxmebiT.
Units can be change before or after the model is created.
erTeulovani sistemis Secvla SesaZlebelia modelis Seqmnamde an Seqmnis Semdeg.
Stream Geometry Datanakadis geometriuli monacemebi To add data, click on Edit and Geometric Data monacemebis dasamateblad daaWireT “Edit ”
Rilaks da SearCieT “Geometric data” (geometriuli monacemebi)
Or, you can click on the Geometry Editor button:
an, SeiZleba SearCioT “Geometry editor”-is Rilaki
Suggested order of data entry: monacemebis Setanis sasurveli Tanmimdevroba:
Add River Reach(es) along with any Junctions (actually, this must be first).
daumateT mdinaris gawvdoma(ebi) yvela SekavSirebis gaswvriv (es unda iyos sawyisi qmedeba)
Add Cross-Section names, elevation-station data, ‘n’ values, bank stations, reach lengths, loss coefficients, etc.
SeiyvaneT ganivi kveTebis saxelebi, simaRlis-punqtebis monacemebi, “n” sidide, gawvdomis sigrZe, danakargis koeficienti da sxva.
Add Road/Bridge/Culvert and/or Weir/Spillway data. SeiyvaneT monacemebi gzebis, xidebis, milsadenebis
an/da wyalgadmosaSvebebis Sesaxeb.
Stream Geometry Datanakadis geometriuli monacemebi
River System Schematicmdinaris sistemis sqematizacia
Must be added before any other features.
unda iyos Setanili sanam sxva monacemebs miawvdiT programas.
Draw and connect the reaches of the stream system.
daxazeT da SeakavSireT mdinareTa sistemis yvela Senakadi.
Draw from upstream to downstream, which will coincide with a flow direction arrow - generally from top
of screen to bottom. Double click on last point to end.
aageT sqema zeda dinebidan qveda dinebisken, romelic Seesabameba dinebis mimarTulebas
– zogadad ekranis zemodan Zirisken. sqematuri naxazis dasasruleblad orjer daaWireT
mausis saSualebiT bolo wertils.
Connection of 3 reaches is a junction.
3 Senakadis dakavSireba (SeerTeba) aris SekavSireba
Can model from single reach to complicated networks. The river can even split apart and then come
back together.
SesaZlebelia modelireba rogorc erTi Senakadis, aseve mdinareTa rTuli qselis. mdinare
SeiZleba gaiyos nawilebad da mere isev SeerTdes.
Can accentuate by adding background bitmap.
SesaZlebelia aqcentebis gamokveTa rastruli rukis damatebiT.
River System Schematicmdinaris sistemis sqematizacia
To add a River Reach, select the River
Reach button from the Cross-Section
Editor Window.
imisTvis rom mdinaris gawvdoma
davamatoT, avirCioT Rilaki “River Reach ”
ganivi kveTis redaqtoris fanjridan
Then add line(s) representing the
schematic of the river(s) you are
modeling. Single click between each
segment of the line. After your last line
segment, double click to end.
Semdeg daamateT xazi(ebi), romlebic
asaxaven mdinaris(ebis) sqematur
ganlagebas. TiTojer daaWireT mdinaris
xazovan segmentebs Soris. bolo
segmentis asaxvis Semdeg orjer
daaWireT mausis marcxena Rilaks.
River System Schematicmdinaris sistemis sqematizacia
A window then pops up to allow you to enter the:
gamoCndeba fanjara romelic saSualebas iZleva SeiyvanoT:
River name mdinaris saxeli
Reach name gawvdomis saxeli
River System Schematicmdinaris sistemis sqematizacia
The program then displays the
river and its name in blue. The
reach name is in black.
amis Semdeg programa
gamoaCens mdinares da mis
saxels lurjad xolo gawvdomis
saxeli Savia.
Tributaries and/or additional
reaches can be added to the
main reach using the same
procedure.
igive proceduris gamoyenebiT
SesaZlebelia Senakadebis an/da
damatebiTi gawvdomis damateba
ZiriTad mdinarisTvis.
Adding Cross Sections to Reachesganivi kveTebis damateba gawvdomisTvis.
To add cross-section data, click on the “Cross-Section” button from the Geometry Data Window.
ganivi kveTebis monacemebis dasamateblad daaWireT “Cross-Section” Rilaks geometriuli monacemebis fanjaraSi.
This brings up the Cross Section Data window from where you choose “Options” and then “Add a new Cross-Section…”
es gamoaCens ganivi kveTis monacemTa fanjaras saidanac “Options” –is arCeviT, SesaZlebelia axali ganivi kveTis damateba “Add a new Cross-Section…”
32
1
Adding Cross Sections to Reachesganivi kveTis damateba gawvdomisTvis
Enter the cross-section name (it must be a number
daumateT ganivi kveTis saxeli. (is unda iyos ricxvi
It must be in numerical order - upstream = highest number)
and select OK.
is unda iyos ricxobrivi Tanmimdevrobis - zeda dineba =
udidesi mniSvnelobiT) da Semdgom airCieT Tanxmobis
Rilaki “ok”.
Numbering is not related to progressive.
gadanomrva araa dakavSirebuli mzardobasTan.
To add a cross section between two existing ones, add a
number in between.
imisTvis, rom CaamatoT ganivi kveTi or arsebul ganiv
kveTs Soris, davmateT maT Soris ricxvi.
Number can be real or integers.
ricxvebi SeiZleba iyos realuri an mTeli.
Entering Cross Section Dataganivi kveTis monacemebis Seyvana
You can enter a lengthy description of the cross-section.
SesaZlebelia SeviyvanoT ganivi kveTis grZivi aRweriloba.
Note: Orientation is looking downstreamSeniSvna: orientacia ganisazRvreba qveda dinebisken xedvis mixedviT.
Note help note
Entering Cross Section Dataganivi kveTis monacemebis Seyvana
This is the main Cross-Section Data window.
Here you enter the basic cross-section data such
as elevation-station data, reach lengths, ‘n’
values, bank stations, and contraction and
expansion loss coefficients.
es aris ganivi kveTis monacemebis ZiriTadi
fanjara. aq Segvyavs ZiriTadi monacemebi
ganivi kveTis Sesaxeb, iseTi informacia
rogoricaa simaRlis sadguris monacemebi,
gawvdomis sigrZe, “n ” sidide, sanapiro
sadgurebi da SekumSvis da gafarToebis
koeficientebi.
Entering Cross Section Dataganivi kveTis monacemebis Seyvana
There are several options available to further
refine the cross section data.
arsebobs ramodenime xelmisawvdomi
paramertri ganivi kveTebis Semdgomi
daxvewvisTvis. File editing tools
failis redaqtirebis iaraRebi Geometric transformations and rescaling tools
geometriuli transformaciis da
masStabis Secvlis iaraRebi Editor of blocking, no flow and disturbances
blokirebis redaqtireba, ara dineba da
areva/aSliloba Editors and rescaling of roughness
xorklianobis redaqtori da masStabis
Semcvleli
Entering Cross Section Dataganivi kveTis monacemebis Seyvana
A quick visual check of the data is available through the “Plot Cross Section (in separate window)“ option.
profilis swrafi vizualizaciaa xelmisawvdomi da ixsneba “Plot Cross Section”-is gamoZaxebiT (gancalkevebul fanjaraSi).
In ‘x’ the progressive
“X”-Si progresuli
In ‘y’ the absolute elevation with respect to a datum
“Y”-Si absolituri simaRle datumTan mimarTebaSi
Dots show stations
wertilebi gviCveneben saguSagoebs
Red dots separate channel from banks (left and right)
wiTeli wertilebi ganacalkeveben arxs napirisgan (marjvenas da marcxenas)
‘n’ values display on top
“N” sidide gamosaxulia zemo nawilSi
Coordinates display as the mouse is moved around.
koordinatebi gamosaxulia kursorze da icvleba moZraobisas
ORIENTATION IS LOOKING DOWNSTREAM!!
orientacia qveda dinebiskenaa
!!!
XSections can be plotted from the editor.
X seqcia SeiZleba gamosaxuli iyos redaqtoris daxmarebiT
Entering Cross Section Dataganivi kveTis monacemebis Seyvana
Entering Cross Section Dataganivi kveTis monacemebis Seyvana
Other but present sections can be shown in the same plot. sxva, magram arsebuli seqcia SeiZleba iyos naCvenebi igive naxazSi Ideal to check relative shape and elevation differences. idealuria sxvadasxva ganivi kveTis formis da gansxvavebis Sesadareblad
X-sections should extend across the entire floodplain and be perpendicular to anticipated flow lines (approximately perpendicular
to ground contour lines).
X seqciebi unda gaiWimos mTeli datborvis zonis gaswvriv da unda iyvnen perpendikularulebi winaswar gansazRvruli
dinebis xazisadmi (daaxloebiT perpendikularuli izoxazis mimarT.).
X-sections should accurately represent stream and floodplain geometry. Put in where changes occur in discharge, slope, shape,
roughness, and bridges.
X seqcia akuratulad unda gamoxatavdes nakads da datborili regionis geometrias. asaxavdes cvlilebebs xarjSi,
daxraSi, formaSi, xorklianobaSi, da xidebSi.
Enter X-Section elevation-station data from left to right as seen when looking downstream.
SeiyvaneT X seqciis simaRlis-sadguris monacemebi marcxnidan marjvniv rogorc Cans Tu vuyurebT qvedadinebisken.
Cross-Sections should start far enough downstream to “zero out” any errors in boundary conditions assumptions (for sub-critical
profile). Far from upstream for super-critical flow. The section of analysis should be farm from boundary errors.
ganivi kveTebi unda iwyebodes sakmarisad Sors qveda dinebisken “zero out”, sasazRvro pirobaTa varaudis (sub-
kritikuli profilisTvis) yvela cdomilebisgan. Sors zeda dinebisgan super-kritikuli dinebisTvis. analizis seqcia unda iyos
Sors sasazRvro cdomilebisgan.
Notes on Cross-Section DataSeniSvnebi ganivi kveTebis monacemebTan dakavSirebiT
Location of X-sections within a reach varies with the intensity of the study and the conditions of
the reach
X-seqciebis ganlageba dinebis gawvdomaSi icvleba Seswavlis intensivobasTan da Senakadis
mdgomareobasTan erTad.
The choice of friction loss equations will also affect X-section spacing and predicted flood
elevations
xaxunis danakargis gantolebis SerCeva, aseve zegavlenas axdens X seqciis intervalze da wylis
donis prognozirebaze
Higher number X-section river stations are assumed to be upstream of lower number river
stations. Slope areas require more X-sections.
X seqciebis raodenobis mateba xdeba qveda dinebidan zeda dinebis mimarTulebiT. cicabo
regionebi moiTxoven met X seqcias.
The left side of the X-section, looking downstream, is assumed to have the lower X values and
progress right as the X values increase, (can not narrow the section)
X seqciis marcxena mxares, dinebis mimarTulebiT, iTvleba, rom aqvs mcire X sidide da
progresireba xdeba marjvena mxares.
Notes on Cross-Section Data (cont)SeniSvnebi ganivi kveTebis monacemebTan dakavSirebiT
The left and right channel banks, must be given at a station located in the X-section elevation-station data set. (Figure shows only
right bank)
dinebis marjvena da marcxena napirebi unda iyvnen mocemulni sadgurebSi, romelic ganlagebulia X seqciis simaRlis
sadguris monacemTa jgufSi (suraTze gamosaxulia marjvena napiri).
Boundaries are fixed, can not reflect changes during a storm (scour deposition).
sazRvrebi fiqsirebulia, ar SeuZliaT asaxon qariSxliT gamowveuli cvlilebebi (gawmendili naleqebi)
X-section endpoints that are below the computed water surface profile will be extended vertically to contain the routed flows with
area/wetted perimeter reflecting this boundary condition. To avoid this, be certain that the cross section extends till a place where
flood does not occur.
X seqciis bolo wertilebi, romelic ganlagebulia gadaTvlili wylis profilis dabla, gaiSleba vertikalurad raTa moicvas
mimarTuli dineba dasvelebis perimetriTurT romelic asaxavs sasazRvro pirobebs. imisaTvis rom es Tavidan aviciloT,
darwmundiT rom profili gadaWimulia im adgilamde, sadac wyaldidoba araa mosalodneli.
Notes on Cross-Section Data (cont.)SeniSvnebi ganivi kveTebis monacemebTan dakavSirebiT
Better right bank endpointsaukeTeso bolo wertili marjvena napirisTvis
X original right bank endpointX sawyisi marjvena sanapiros bolo wertili
Vertical extension of the sectionendpoint if the water floods it
vertikaluri ganvrcoba seqciis bolo wertilisTvis, Tu wyali datboravs mas.
Notes on Cross-Section Data (cont.)SeniSvnebi ganivi kveTebis monacemebTan dakavSirebiT
Consider what is being modeled. The program can only reflect what is being entered.
warmoidgineT is, risi modelirebac daiwyeT. programa asaxavs moxlod imas, rac iyo Setanili
For example: unless this hole is blocked, the model will assume that this area conveys flowmagaliTad: Tu arxi ar aris dablokili, modeli CaTvlis, rom es zona aris gadazidvis zona
By reachgawvdomis mixedviT
Notes on Cross-Section Data (cont.)SeniSvnebi ganivi kveTebis monacemebTan dakavSirebiT
HEC-RAS has an option to create interpolated cross sections. It can be used to create more “in between” sections as long as there are not section singularities.
HEC-RAS- s aqvs parametri Seqmnas interpolirebuli ganivi kveTebi. es parametri SeiZleba gamoviyenoT, segmentebs “Soris” meti ganivi kveTis Sesaqmnelad, iqamde, manam ar SeiniSneba seqciis specifikuroba.
Notes on Cross-Section Data (cont.)SeniSvnebi ganivi kveTebis monacemebTan dakavSirebiT
HEC-RAS has an option to create interpolated cross sections in a reach or between two sections
HEC-RAS-s aqvs funqcia, romelic qmnis interpolirebul ganiv kveTs Senakadis gawvdomis or seqcias Soris
Originalsections Interpol.
sections
Measured distances between X-Sections, reported as distance to D.S. X-Sections.gazomili distancia X-seqciebs Soris, warmodgenilia rogorc, manZili Dqveda
dinebis-seqciebs Soris
3 distances!!: Left overbank, right overbank, and channel 3 saxis manZili!!: marcxena sanapiro, marjvena sanapiro da arxi They can be very different for channels with large meander or in a bend of a river. isini SeiZleba iyvnen Zalian gansxvavebulni didi meandreebiani (klaknili) nakadebisTvis an
mdinaris moxvevis adgilebSi. A discharge weighted total reach length is determined by HECRAS based on the discharges in the
main channel and left and right overbank segments. Xarjis datvirTvis gawvdomis sruli sigrZe, ganisazRvreba HECRAS -is mier ZiriTadi arxis
xarjis da marcxena da marjvena datborvis zonebis segmentebze dayrdnobiT.
robchlob
robrobchchloblob
QQQ
QLQLQLL
X1 X2
Reach Lengthsgawvdomis sigrZe
Expansion & Contraction CoefficientsgafarTovebis da kumSvis koeficienti
Typical values for gradual transitions in supercritical flow are 0.05 for contraction and 0.10 for
expansions.
superkritikul dinebaSi tipiuri sidideebi TandaTanobiTi gadasvlisTvis aris
0.5. kumSivsTvis da 0.10 gafarToebisTvis.
Constructed prismatic channels should have expansion and contraction coefficients of 0.0
agebul prizmul arxisaTvis rogorc wesi gafarTovebis da kumSvis koeficienti
aris 0.0
ContractionkumSva
ExpansiongafarToveba
No Transitionar gvaqvs gadasvla
0.0 0.0
Gradual Transition (default)TandaTanobiTi gadasvla
0.1 0.3
Typical Bridge Transitiontipiuri xidis gasdasvla
0.3 0.5
Ineffective Flow AreasuSedego dinebis zona
Ineffective flow areas are used to model portions of the cross-section in which water will
pond, but the velocity of that water in the downstream direction is equal to zero.
araefeqturi dinebis are gamoiyeneba im regionebis modelirebisTvis, sadac ganivi kveTebis
garkveul nawilSi xdeba datborva, magram wylis dinebis siCqare qveda dinebisken utoldeba
nuls
This water is included in the storage and wetted cross section parameters, but not in the
active flow area.
am wylis odenoba Sedis “sacav” wylis raodenobaSi da svel perimetrebSi, magram ar
ganixileba, rogorc aqtiuri dinebis are.
No additional wetted parameter is added to the active flow area (unlike encroachments).
damatebiTi sveli perimetri ar emateba aqtiuri dinebis ares
Once ineffective flow area is overtopped, then that specific area is no longer considered
ineffective.
mas mere, rac araefeqturi dinebis are daitboreba, gansazRvruli are aRar ganixileba, rogorc
araefeqturi
Commonly used in culverts, near road crossings.
rogor wesi gamoiyeneba gzis gadakveTebTan arsebuli wyalsadeni milebisTvis
Ineffective Flow AreasuSedego dinebis zona
Two types of Ineffective Flow Areas :
ori tipis araefeqturi dinebis are :
1. Normal where you supply left and right stations with elevations
which block flow to the left of the left station and to the right of the
right station
normuli, iq sadac vawvdiT marcxena da marjvena saguSagoebs
simaRlebiTurT, romlebic blokaven dinebas marcxena seqciis marcxena
saguSagosken da marjvena seqciis marjvena saguSagosken.
2. Blocked where you can have multiple (up to 10) blocked flow areas
within the X-section
dablokili – sadac SesaZlebelia gvqondes ramodenime (10mde)
dablokili dinebis are X seqciis farglebSi.
BlockedIneffective Flowsdablokili araefeqturi dineba
NormalIneffective Flowsnormuli araefeqturi dineba
Once water surface goes above the established elevations, then that specific area is no longer considered ineffective.
mas mere rac, wylis zedapiri ascdeba gansazRvrul simales,es specifikuri are aRar ganisazRvreba, rogorc araefeqturi are
Once water surface goes above the established elevations of the block, then that specific area is no longer considered ineffective.
mas mere rac, wylis zedapiri ascdeba gansazRvrul blokebis simaRles,es specifikuri are aRar ganisazRvreba, rogorc araefeqturi
Option is from x-section window...
parametri gamoCndeba X seqciis fanjaraSi . . .
which brings up this window:
Sedegad gamoCndeba
Ineffective Flow AreasuSedego dinebis zona
The plotted x-section looks like this:
gamosaxuli X seqcia gamoiyureba Semdegnairad:
Ineffective Flow AreasuSedego dinebis zona
Think of them as dead storage zonesCavTvaloT mkvdar akumulaciis zonad
Ineffective Flow Areasaraefeqturi dinebis zona
Blocked Obstructionsdablokili dabrkoleba
Used to define areas that will be permanently blocked out.
gamoiyeneba gansazRvruli arealisTvis, romelic iqnebian mudmivad dablokili
Decreases flow area and increases wetted perimeter when the water comes in contact with it.
amcirebs wylis gadinebas da amaRlebs dasvelebis perimetrs, rodesac wyali Semodis
kontaqtSi.
Two types of blocked obstructions are available - Normal and Multiple. They are very similar to
the Ineffective Flow areas, except that the blocked areas are never available as water flow
areas.
ori saxis dablokili dabrkoleba aris xelmisawvdomi – saSualo da mravalricxovani. isini
arian msgavsi araefeqturi dinebis zonis, gansxvavdebian imiT, rom dablokili zona
arasodes ganixileba rogorc wylis dinebis zona.
Water can get to the off-sides of these obstructions.
wyals SeuZlia gaaRwios am dabrkolebis gareTac.
MultipleBlockedObstructionsramodenime dablokili dabrkoleba
NormalBlockedObstructionnormuli dablokili dabrkoleba
the blocked areas are never available as water flow areas.dablokili zonebi ar ganixileba, wylis dinebis zonebad
the blocked areas are never available as water flow areas.dablokili zona arasodes ganixileba rogorc wylis dinebis zina
Option is from x-section window...
Pparametri aris X seqciis fanjaraSi
which brings up this window:
rac gamaoCens Semdeg fanjaras
Blocked Obstructionsdablokili dabrkoleba
The plotted x-section looks like this:daxazuli X seqcia gamoiyureba Semdegnairad:
Blocked Obstructionsdablokili dabrkoleba
Leveesjebirebi
No water can get outside of a levee until it is overtopped.
wyali ar gadis jebirebs gareT, manam ar moxdeba datborva
Simulated by a vertical wall.
simulacia xdeba vertikaluri kedlis gamoyenebiT
Additional wetted perimeter is included when water comes in
contact with the levee wall
damatebiTi sveli perimetri daemateba maSin, rodesac wyali
Sedis kontaqtSi jebirebis kedlebTan
Leveesjebirebi
Option is from x-section window...
parametri aris X seqciis fanjaraSi...which brings up this window:
ris Sedegadac Cndeba fanjara:
Leveesjebirebi
The plotted x-section looks like this:
gamosaxuli X seqcia gamoiyureba Semdegnairad
Levees jebirebi
ITC Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation of the University of Twente 52
Levees vs. Ineffective Flow Areasjebirebi da araefeqturi dinebis are
Are conceptually similar but very different hydraulically
konceptualurad msgavsia magram mniSvnelovnad gansxvavdebian erTmaneTisgan hidravlikuri
TvalsazrisiT.
Ineffective flow areas is used where water is present to the left/right of the ineffective station but the
velocity is zero. Volume included in storage and wetted perimeter calculations but not in conveyance.
(think: ponded area)
araefeqturi dinebis are gamoiyeneba iq, sadac wyali fizikurad warmodgenilia araefeqturi
dinebis sadguris marcxena an marjvena mxares, magram misi dinebis siCqare nulia. am wylis
masis moculoba Sedis gadaTvlebSi, magram ar xdeba misi gaTvaliswineba wylis gadazidvaSi
(moiazreT: dagubebuli adgili).
A levee acts as a vertical wall. No water occupied the space to the left/right of the levee unless the levee
elevation is exceeded. The distance that the levee is in contact with the water is included in the wetted
perimeter calculations. (think: wall)
jebirebi ganixileba, rogorc vertikaluri kedeli. marcxena da marjvena jebirebis nawilebSi wyali
ar aRwevs sanam ar daiwyeba datborvis procesi. is monakveTi, romelic Sedis wyalTan
kontaqtSi, emateba sveli perimetris gaTvlebs (moiazreT: kedeli)
After entering geometry data, it is wise to save it. Recommend doing this often as you enter data.
geometriuli monacemebis Seyvanis Semdeg mizanSewonilia maTi Senaxva. rekomendirebulia SevinaxoT monacemebi Seyvanis paralelurad.
Entering Cross Section Dataganivi kveTebis seqciebis monacemebis Setana
Flow Datadinebis monacemebi
Enter the Steady Flow Data Editor from the main menu
daamateT mtkice dinebis monacemebis redaqtori ZiriTadi meniudan
Or, you can select the Steady Flow Data button:an SesaZlebelia SearCioT mtkice dinebis monacemTa Rilaki
Enter Flow Data dinebis monacemebis Seyvana
Enter Flow Data dinebis monacemebis Seyvana This brings up the Steady Flow Data Window.
Sedegad gamoCndeba mtkice dinebis monacemTa fanjara
You can have up to 100 profiles. SesaZlebelia gvqondes 100-mde profili
One profile corresponds to one possible flow input configuration for the system. River geometry does not change for different profiles.
erTi profili ukavSirdeba erT Setanil, SesaZlebel dinebis monacemebs garkveuli mdinaris sistemisTvis. mdinaris geometria ar icvleba sxvadasxva profilisTvis
I.e it brought up 3 boxes when 3 profiles are specified. magaliTad gamoaqvs 3 ujredi rodesac aris gansazRvruli 3 profili
Enter Flow Data dinebis monacemebis Seyvana
Enter the input discharges for each profile in appropriate box. SeiyvaneT xarjis monacemebi profilis yovel Sesamabis velSi. Each river and branch require one the same number of profiles. yoveli mdinare Tu Senakadi moiTxovs profilebis erTi da igive raodenobas In the example, you enter 3 profiles, then 3 boxes appear. For the river “Test” in the
Reach “Main” the 3 input discharges are entered in the profiles. nimuSSi, Tqven SeiyvaneT 3 profili, gamoCndeba 3 ujredi. profilSi, “test” mdinaris
“ZiriTad” SenakadSi 3 xarjis miTiTebaa saWiro
User can add flow changes at a certain station along one certain reach. momxmarebels SeuZlia daamatos dinebis cvlileba garkveul saguSagoze garkveuli Senakadis gaswvriv. Select River Station SearCieT mdinaris saguSago Click “Add a Flow Change Location”, and select the station and enter the added flow to the reach. daaWireT “daamateT dinebis Secvlis adgilmdebareoba” da SearCieT saguSago da daamateT dineba
gawvdomisken. NOTE: Normally the flow input will be required at least in the most upstream section of each river branch
(program default). SeniSvna: rogorc wesi dinebis monacemebis Seyvana savaldebulo iqneba yoveli mdinaris Senakadis
yvelaze zeda seqciisTvis (programis winapiroba).
Enter Flow Data dinebis monacemebis Seyvana
Set the boundary conditions by selecting “Reach Boundary Conditions” daakompleqteT sasazRvro pirobebi “gawvdomis sasazRvro pirobebis” “Reach
Boundary Conditions“ Rilakis SerCeviT This brings up Steady Flow Boundary Conditions window. You can set the boundary for all
profiles at once, or separately. es moqmedeba gamoaCens damyarebuli dinebis sasazRvro pirobebis fanjaras.
saWiroa dakompleqtdes sasazRvro pirobebi yvela profilisTvis erTianad an cal-calke.
Enter Flow Data: Boundary Conditions dinebis monacemebis Seyvana: sasazRvro pirobebi
There are 4 different methods for specifying the starting water surface at the boundaries in steady flow: arsebobs oTxi gansxvavebuli meTodi raTa zustad ganvsazRvroT wylis sawyisi zedapiri
sazRvarze, damyarebuli dinebisTvis. known elevation: When the elevation of the water is fixed (big lakes or sea) cnobili simaRle: rodesac wylis simaRle dafiqsirebulia (didi tba an zRva) critical depth: up and downstream of a critical section, the river branch is hydraulically separated and independent, kritikuli siRrme: kritikuli seqciis zeda an qvedadineba, mdinaris Senakadi hidrologiurad gamoyofilia da
damoukidebelia. normal depth: The slope of the water surface is known. saSualo siRrme: wylis zedapiris daxra cnobilia rating curve: The rating curve at the boundary is known, xarjis mrudi: xarjis mrudi sazRvarze cnobilia
Enter Flow Data dinebis monacemebis Seyvana
After selecting either the upstream or downstream data box and then selecting method for providing starting conditions, a window appears for entering your data.
mas Semdeg rac SerCeulia an zedadinebis an qvedadinebis monacemebis ujredi, Semdeg ki meTodi raTa vuzrunvelyoT sawyisi pirobebi, gamoCndeba fanjara monacemTa Sesatanad.
Boundary conditions are entered: sasazRvro pirobebi Seitaneba:
downstream end for sub-critical flow qvedadinebis bolos, subkritikuli dinebisTvis upstream end for super-critical zedadinebis bolos, superkritikuli both for mixed (when in the reach there are both sub- and super-critical sections) orive Sereuli tipisTvis (rodesac gawvdomaSi Sedis orive, sub da superkritikuli dineba)
Enter Flow Data dinebis monacemebis Seyvana
There are several options available in the “Options” window of the Steady Flow Data window such as changing profile names, applying a ratio to all flows, etc.
stabiluri dinebis monacemTa fanjaraSi ramodenime parametria xelmisawvdomi, iseTi rogoricaa profilis saxelis Secvla, Tanafardobis damateba yvela dinebisTvis d.a.S.
Make a consultation of the manual for details. detalebSi gasrkvevad mimarTeT damxmare saxelmZRvanelos
Enter Flow Data dinebis monacemebis Seyvana
Under “Options”, select “Observed WS” “Options” is qveviT SearCieT danakvirvebi wylis zedapiri
“Observed WS” A menu appears. Select River Station gamoCndeba meniu. SearCieT mdinaris sadguri Select “Add an Obs WS Location” SearCieT “daamateT danakvirvebi wylis zedapiris
adgilmdebareoba “Add an Obs WS Location” Enter observed elevation. SeiyvaneT danakvirvebi simaRle The observation of the water elevation must be in accordance
with the profile wylis donis danakvirvebi sidide unda Seesabamebodes
profils.
Enter Flow Data - Observed Water Surfacesdinebis monacemebis Seyvana – danakvirvebi wylis zedapiri
Enter Flow Data - Observed Water Surfacesdinebis monacemebis Seyvana – danakvirvebi wylis zedapiri
Where do you get observed data?
sad movipovoT danakvirvebi monacemebi?
Use calibration data - survey debris lines, mud marks,
gage data, etc
gamoiyeneT dakalibrebuli monacemebi –
Semowmebuli CamonaSalis grafiki, talaxis
niSnuli, gazomili monacemebi da sxva.
After entering your flow data, it is suggested you save it to a file. mas mere, rac moxda monacemebis Seyvana,
mizanSewonilia moxdes failis Senaxva
Enter Flow Data dinebis monacemebis Seyvana
Save Projectproeqtis Senaxva After entering and saving the geometry
and flow data, it is suggested that you
save your project from the main HEC-
RAS File Menu.
geometriuli da dinebis
monacemebis Seyvanis da Senaxvis
Semdeg, mizanSewonilia proeqtis
Senaxva HEC-RAS-is ZiriTadi menius
gamoyenebiT
Saving is not automatic in HECRAS.
HECRAS –Si Senaxva araa avtomaturi
RED NUMBERS while entering data mean
that the data is not saved yet!!
wiTeli ricxvebi nuSnavs:
miuxedavad imisa, rom
monacemebi Seyvanilia,
monacemebi araa Senaxuli
Perform the Hydraulic Computations
hidravlikuri gadaTvlebis Sesruleba
Enter the Steady Flow Analysis window from the main menuSediT mdgradi dinebis analizis fanjaris ZiriTad meniuSi
or select the Steady Flow Analysis button:
an SearCieT mdgradi dinebis analizis Rilaki
Perform the Hydraulic Computationshidravlikuri gadaTvlebis Sesruleba
Perform the Hydraulic Computationshidravlikuri gadaTvlebis Sesruleba
In the window: you can set flow regime, select geometry and/or flow files, and start the computations. fanjaraSi SesaZlebelia SevarCioT dinebis reJimi, geometria an/da dinebis failebi da daviwyoT gaTvlebi The user must select the adequate subcritical, supercritical or mixed options depending on the river regime. momxmarebelma unda SearCios adekvaturi subkritikuli, superkritikuli an Sereuli dinebis maxasiaTebeli
mdinaris reJimis mixedviT. A mistake in the river regime selection can be corrected after understanding the warnings & graphical output Secdomebi reJimis SerCevaSi SeiZleba iyos Sesworebuli gamafrTxilebeli Setyobinebebis gaazrebis da
grafikuli Sedegebis safuZvelze ALWAYS SAVE: Under “File”, select “Save Plan As…” yovelTvis SeinaxeT: filis meniuSi SearCieT “Seinaxe rogorc.” “save as” Create a project title. SeqmeniT proeqtis faili
it brings up a window allowing you to enter a short plan identifier, used in printouts and reports.
es amogigdebT fanjaras, romelic saSualebas iZleva, SevitanoT mokle gegmis identifikatori, romelic gamoiyeneba amobeWdvisas da angariSebisTvis.
Perform the Hydraulic Computationshidravlikuri gadaTvlebis Sesruleba
There are several options available for the hydraulic computations hidravlikuri gaTvlebis Casatareblad ramodenime parametria
xelmisawvdomi User must refer to the manual for details momxmarebelma unda mimarTos damxmare saxelmZRvanelos detalebisTvis
Perform the Hydraulic Computationshidravlikuri gadaTvlebis Sesruleba
After selecting the compute button, HECRAS does it’s magic.
gadaTvlis Rilakze daWeris Semdeg, HECRAS-i iwyebs Tavis jadoqrobas
Simulation creates files of considerable size. simulaciisas iqmneba didi zomis failebi
Viewing the OutputSedegebis mimoxilva
View the OutputSedegebis mimoxilva Many output formats to view within the view menu: ZiriTadi menius daxmarebiT SesaZlebelia Sedegebis naxva sxvadasxva
formatSi: plotted cross-sections, gamoxazuli ganivi kveTebi profiles, profilebi rating curves xarjis perioduli mrudi 3-D views 3-D ganzomilebiani xedva cross-section ganivi kveTebi profile tabular data profilebis cxrilovani monacemebi Others sxva
View the OutputSedegebis mimoxilva
View Cross-Sections daaTvaliereT ganivi kveTebi
Or, you can select the appropriate button: an SegiZliaT SearCioT Sesabamisi Rilaki
View the OutputSedegebis mimoxilva
Plot Profiles gamosaxeT profili
See observed water surface profiles when you plot the profile daaTvaliereT gazomili wylis zedapiris profili misi gamoxazvis dros You can plot many profiles at the same time. SesaZlebelia ramodenime profilis erTdroulad gamoxazva Zoom and Pan possibilities for details. gaadideT da gadaadgileT naxazi detalebis Sesaswavlad
View the OutputSedegebis mimoxilva
View the OutputSedegebis mimoxilva
Plot profiles of different data sxvadasxva monacemebis profilebis ageba
View the OutputSedegebis mimoxilva
Plot Rating Curves for a specified station daxazeT xarjis perioduli mrudi gansazRvruli
sadgurisTvis
- Plot 3-D View
- daxazeT 3-D sqema
Note:
Cross-section widths should be consistent for better presentation.
SeniSvna:
ganivi kveTebis sigane unda iyos Tavsebadi erTmaneTTan, raTa ukeTesiad moxdes naxazis ageba
View the OutputSedegebis mimoxilva
View the OutputSedegebis mimoxilva
View Cross-Section Table daaTvaliereT ganivi-kveTis
cxrili Several geometric, energetic and
hydraulic information is available per cross section.
yoveli seqciisTvis xelmisawvdomia ramodenime geometriuli, energetikuli da hidravlikuri maCvenebeli.
View the OutputSedegebis mimoxilva
Under “Options”, select “Define Table” to see more variables
parametrebSi “Options” SearCieT “gansazRvre cxrili” “Define Table”, raTa vixiloT meti cvladi
Output: Errors, Warnings, & NotesSedegebi: Secdoma, gafrTxileba da SeniSvnebi
Errors: problems that prevents the program from running. The user must change something.
Secdoma : problemebi, romlebic xelisSemSlelia programisTvis da aferxebs mis
gaSvebas. momxmarebelma unda Secvalos raRac maCveneblebi.
Warnings: does not prevent the program from running but the user should examine and review.
The user may want to change some input.
gafrTxileba: ar aferxebs programis gaSvebas, magram momxmarebelma unda
gadaamowmos da gadaxedos monacemebs da parametrebs.
Notes: provides information about how the program is performing the calculations, user should
review.
SeniSvna: uzrunvelyofs informacias imis Sesaxeb, Tu rogor xdeba gaTvlebis
Sesruleba, momxmarebelma unda gadaxedos proeqts.
You can select “Generate Report …” from
the HEC-RAS main menu.
SesaZlebelia SevarCioT “zogadi
angariSi” HEC-RAS–is mTavari meniudan
There are several options available for the
report content. The report generated can be
viewed or the resulting file printed.
angariSSi warmodgenili monacemebis
SesarCevad ramodenime parametria
xelmisawvdomi. warmodgenili angariSi
SeiZleba vnaxoT monitorze an
amovbeWdoT.
Generate ReportsangariSis warmoeba
Sample view of the report:angariSis magaliTi:
Hydraulic Model Accuracyhidravlikuri modelis sizuste
Absolute accuracy: how good is your data? +/- 0.5 foot absoliuturi sizuste: ramdenad kargia monacemTa
baza? +/- 0.5 futi Relative accuracy: very good
(compare one condition to another) fardobiTi sizuste: Zalian kargi (SevadaroT erTi mdgomareoba meoresTan)