helmet - lntecc

Environment SafetyHealth Oct - Dec 2013 • Volume - 4 • Issue - 3

HelmetSafety Month kicks off with

Zero Incident as goal

FocusContentsThis issue of Helmet covers an interesting

collection of EHS based stories that range from electrical safety, water conservation, dust protection to safe piling operations. Helmet also welcomes on board Mr. Stephen Phillip Storey, who has joined us recently, as Head – EHS, of Heavy Civil Infrastructure. He brings with him a rich and varied, world-wide experience in the domain of EHS. Wishing Mr. Storey all success in his career with L&T.

The lead story is on the safety month inaugural function held at HQ which has spurred several interesting and meaningful activities at the sites and at HQ as well. A glimpse of the road safety week walkathon also finds a place in this issue apart from other EHS events including appreciation and certifications.

Hope that you find these articles useful and interesting.

Happy reading.

Human chain in the form of L&T Logo done as part of safety month celebrations at one of PT&D (International) project sites at UAE.

Editor : V. S. Ramana

Editorial team : Vinod Jacob Chacko

V. Ramesh Kumar | Gopi Kannan. S

Ashwin Chand | Mayura. K

Subha Anand | Shamala Nadendla

Content by : M. Kamarajan | P. Nagarajan

R.N.Tripathy | Kumar Shailendra

Md Quaisar Imam

Sathyanarayana Seelamanthula

Murali Krishnan | P.V. Kaliappan

Nick Abalde | V. Balaji

Mathivanan Palaniappan

S. Anantha Prasanna Venkatesh

Photography : V. S. Natanavelu | R. Vijay Kumar

Design & layout : Global Print Design, Chennai

Buildings and Factories ...............................

Transportation Infrastructure .......................

Heavy Civil Infrastructure .......................

Water & Effluent Treatment ............................

Power Transmission & Distribution ..........................

Larsen & Toubro Oman ..................................

Metallurgical And Material Handling .........

323537405356

6

3HELMET Oct - Dec 2013

Ushering in the New Year with a focus on EHSSafety month inauguration

As is customary at L&T, January was again observed as

‘Safety Month’ and was kicked off with an Inaugural

Function at L&T Construction’s HQ in Manapakkam

that saw a fair representation of the leadership team as well

as employees.

‘To achieve the goal of ZERO INCIDENT’, was what

Mr. M.V. Satish, Senior Vice President & Head - Buildings

& Factories IC, emphasized in his welcome address, and

the need for all stakeholders including line leaders, HR,

P&M, Procurement and other Service Units to participate in

achieving this objective. He highlighted the initiatives taken

up through “Suraksha Jeet” which was launched by KV & SNS

to institutionalize best EHS practices, across project businesses.

He also mentioned about the Safety Innovation School

(SiS) at Kancheepuram that is being established to provide

experiential learning on safety covering practical aspects of

high risk activities.

Though there was significant improvement in L&T

Construction’s EHS performance, he warned that there was

still a long way to go and urged everyone to provide unstinted

support and guidance to take EHS to greater heights and help

the organization attain global EHS benchmarking across all its

operations.

Mr. Kumar Shailendra Chief – Environment Health &

Safety (EHS) Manager, PT&D then administered the safety

pledge.

In his inaugural speech, Mr. S. N. Subrahmanyan,

Member of the Board & Senior Executive Vice President

(Infrastructure & Construction) stressed the role of safety in

the construction business. He sought further improvement

in the Company’s safety performance and greater effort

to achieve global benchmarking in EHS implementation.

EHS implementation, he felt, was a collective responsibility

that required a positive mindset. He emphasized the need

to aim for zero incidents across operations and urged the

safety team to explore possibilities of unique technological

interventions which could improve EHS implementation

without deviations including housekeeping.

4 HELMET Oct - Dec 2013

Sharing a perspective on the journey of Suraksha Jeet,

Mr. K N Sen, Head, Health Safety & Environment (HSE),

HCP said that the effort was to align EHS implementation

levels with global standards though a comprehensive,

organization-wide program for safety cultural

transformation. He informed that around 30 EHS initiatives

for selective implementation at project businesses were

being taken up through Suraksha Jeet and thanked the

leadership team for their unstinted support.

Mr. V. Balaji, Head, Environment Health & Safety (EHS),

W&RE IC, announced the events for the month long

celebrations which included Road Safety Walkathon, Road

Safety Awareness Program, EHS Quiz Competition, First-aid

and CPR, Domestic Safety, Housekeeping Campaign, Fire

Drill, Safety Exhibition, Office Ergonomics, EHS Slogan and

Poster Competitions.

In his vote of thanks, Mr. M Kamarajan, Advisor,

Environment Health & Safety (EHS), B&F IC thanked

the gathering for their participation and reiterated the

importance of communication and the role of EHS personnel

in facilitating EHS implementation in coordination with

the line management. He said that visible demonstration

of commitment to safety would play a key role in effective

implementation of EHS endeavors. On behalf of the EHS

team, he reaffirmed the commitment to take the journey

forward towards safety cultural transformation.

Mr. M.V. Satish, Senior Vice President & Head - Buildings & Factories delivered the welcome address

Mr. M.V. Satish, Senior Vice President & Head - Buildings & Factories delivered the welcome address


The construction work for the Safety Innovation School (SiS), at L&T Kanchipuram Campus began on, 3rd January 2014 with a ground breaking ceremony.

The foundation stone was laid by Mr. M.V. Satish, Senior Vice President & Head - Buildings & Factories IC and several senior executives participated in this milestone event.

SiS is being developed on global standards and will have the distinction of being the first such school in the construction sector in India. SiS will provide experiential learning on safety that covers practical aspects of high risk activities. This school will therefore house several unique facilities which envisage the use of state-of-the art technologies, lecture halls, practical halls, simulation of site conditions thereby enhancing the effect of such safety education by experiencing live on-site activities and practical hazards prevailing at construction sites.

This initiative is aligned to the organization’s commitment towards achieving excellence in safety and bringing about a safety cultural transformation through ‘Suraksha Jeet’.

Some of the facilities envisaged:

y Simulation for ladders, fall from height, walkway access and scaffolds

y Rigging

y Confined space

y Smoke chamber

y Soil collapse simulation

y Material handling methodology

y Falling objects simulation

y Tunnel simulation

Safety Innovation School takes root at Kanchipuram


Mumbai International Airport Project January 2013 to December 2013

The Address - Wadhwa Housing Project, Ghatkopar January 2010 to December 2013

Rajashree cement plant project, Malkhed March 2011 to December 2013

Vicat Sagar Project July 2010 to December 2013

Manikgarh cement plant project, Chandrapur March 2011 to December 2013

Torrent Pharmaceuticals Project, Dahej September 2011 to December 2013

TCS project, Kochi October 2011 to December 2013

DLF Capital Greens Project, Delhi March 2013 to December 2013

Cognizant Elcot IT Park Project, Sholinganallur October 2012 to December 2013

ESIC Hospital Project, Kollam April 2010 to December 2013

RMZ Galleria Project, BangaloreFebruary 2011 to December 2013

Prestige Bella Vista Project, ChennaiApril 2012 to December 2013

ITC Sonar Hotel Project, Kolkata August 2009 to December 2013

Godrej Garden City Ph-III Project, Ahmedabad July 2011 to December 2013

Oberoi Exquisite phase-I Project, Goregaon December 2009 to December 2013

CESC Shopping Mall Project, KolkataJuly 2010 to December 2013

Omkar Rehab project, Malad July 2011 to December 2013

BMRCL R3-P1 Project, Bengaluru July 2009 to December 2013

TCS Customer Care Centre, Siruseri April 2012 to December 2013

CMRL Depot project, Koyambedu December 2010 to December 2013

Wadhwa Project, BKC December 2010 to December 2013

SNU Project, DadriOctober 2011 to December 2013

IIT Phase I Project, Hyderabad December 2012 to December 2013

Minerva Tower Project, MumbaiJuly 2011 to December 2013

BMRCL R3a Project, BengaluruJanuary 2010 to December 2013

Omkar Rehab project, BhoiwadaJune 2011 to December 2013

TCS IT SEZ project, Adibatla, Hyderabad August 2012 to December 2013

AIIMS Project, Jodhpur February 2012 to December 2013

Jaypee Orchards Project, Delhi August 2012 to December 2013

34109

8

7

6

23

20181615

14

13

11

Buildings & Factories

Helmet congratulates the following sites for achieving three million and more LTI free safe man-hours

SafetyRoll of Honour



354

Lodha New Cuffe Parade Project, WadalaMarch 2012 to December 2013

IREO Rise project, Mohali March 2012 to December 2013

Olympia Grande Project, ChennaiJune 2012 to December 2013

HCL Technologies Project, ChennaiMarch 2013 to December 2013

Mahatma Mandir – Ph II Project, Ahmedabad May 2012 to December 2013

Ahuja Tower Project, MumbaiNovember 2012 to December 2013

Hill Crest Project, BengaluruJuly 2012 to December 2013

Kingfisher Tower Project, Bengaluru October 2011 to December 2013

Jaypee Kube Project, Delhi August 2012 to December 2013

DLF Maiden Heights Ph – I Project, Bengaluru November 2012 to December 2013

PBEL Ph-II Project, HyderabadAugust 2011 to December 2013

Vaishnavi Terraces Project, Bengaluru November 2012 to December 2013

HCL Ph III Project, Noida January 2013 to December 2013

UP AWAS Vikas Basement Project, Ghaziabad August 2012 to December 2013

RG1 Car Park Project, Mumbai February 2013 to December 2013

M3M Golf Estate Ph 2A Project, Gurgaon October 2012 to December 2013

Experion Wind Chants Project, Gurgaon February 2013 to December 2013

Hyderabad Metro Rail Project November 2013 to December 2013

BARC Project, Trombay June 2012 to December 2013


The past three issues of ‘Helmet’, dealt with

‘Competence Building Workshop’ for EHS staff, ‘EHS

Leadership Workshop’ for PMs / CMs, pro-active EHS

performance monitoring systems, DPR Vs DSR (Daily Progress

Report Vs. Daily Safety Report), ‘Safe-to-start-Work’ card

systems etc. taking the organization to the 4th (proactive)

and 5th (Generative) levels of safety culture. This issue deals

with an examination of whether the organization is on the

right path based on several constructive comments that

were received from certain quarters for which the reference

is ‘Modern Principles of Safety Management’, proposed by

Dan Petersen in his book ‘Safety Management – A Human

Approach’. These principles have been adopted and practiced

very successfully by world-class business leaders in their

organizations, who have been able to establish a ‘generative’

culture among their employees and achieve zero tolerance

to unsafe practices and conditions.

Principle 1An unsafe act, unsafe condition, and an accident: symptoms of something wrong in the management system

The focus here shifts from ‘accidents’ to unsafe acts and

Major Injuries

Minor Injuries

Near Misses

‘At Risk’ Behaviour

Message from B&F IC

Principles of Safety Management


conditions that need to be captured by requesting ALL engineers and managers to issue ‘safety improvement slips’ to workmen and

the frontline supervisors, for taking corrective measures. The focus moves from ‘symptoms’ to ‘root causes’ for evolving permanent

solutions. The move is from ‘actual severity’ to ‘potential severity’ of incidents, while deciding the ‘depth of investigation’. These

are being done to improve competence of staff members across to focus on root causes. ALL employees are encouraged to ‘report’

near misses, suggestions and hazards at the work place directly to the management using the upward communication mechanism

of ‘Toll-free number’.

Principle 2Certain set of circumstances, which can cause severe injuries, can be identified and controlled

Towards this, the ‘Safe-to-start-Work’ card has been made

mandatory for activities at a height and recommended for all

other activities as well. All project sites have been requested to

introduce access control mechanisms at staircases and hoists to

ensure that only authorized personnel, with appropriate PPE, are

allowed to go to higher levels of working at the project site.

Principle 3Safety should be managed like any other company function. Efforts toward safety should be directed by setting achievable goals with plans, organization and control to achieve them.

Moving away from the ‘reactive’ goals to ‘proactive’ goals, the aim is to facilitate various Functions / Clusters / Projects to establish their own EHS improvement programme(s) with targets (for permanent risk reduction through engineering controls) and help achieve them. It is strongly advocated that safety should be managed using the proven management process of PDCA (Plan, Do, Check and Act), rather than depending only on PPE (Personal Protective Equipment), training and other safety promotions!

Principle 4The key to effective line safety performance is the management procedures that fix accountability

A proactive EHS performance monitoring system has been devised that is linked to various forms of incentives and appraisal

processes. Accountability is imperative for performance and this principle incorporates essential elements of an effective

accountability system, as listed below:

y Established formal standards for EHS behaviour and performance (proactive)

y Resources provided to meet those standards

y An effective (and transparent) system of measurement

y Effective consequences based on the measurement and

consistent application of the consequences

y Periodic evaluation of the effectiveness of the whole

accountability process

The proactive EHS performance monitoring system meets all

the above criteria with special emphasis on the 2nd bullet point



regarding the resources to be provided to employees

for fulfilling their responsibilities, before holding them

accountable for their EHS performance. The idea of

emphasizing this point is because; under no circumstances should budgetary provision be a constraint for EHS implementation.

Principle 5The function of safety is to locate and define operational errors that cause accidents by putting known and effective controls in place or by finding out the root causes of accidents.

A software is presently being sourced which will facilitate

identification of all possible root causes for the failure of

controls, as well as incidents / accidents, in addition to the

focus on ‘why-why analysis’ in the approach.

Principle 6The causes of unsafe behaviour can be identified, classified and controlled. Some of them are: overload, traps and decisions to err.

The theory of blaming workmen for the accidents

(carelessness/ overconfidence etc.) is being done away

with as part of investigation findings. It is presupposed

that unsafe behaviour of the workmen was caused by

something which needs to be established as part of the investigation.

Principle 7Unsafe behaviour is the result of people reacting to the environment.

Frontline engineers are being urged to think about the environment in which the activities are being carried out by them so that hazards can be identified and controls put in place, through a mechanism of ‘safe-to-start-work’ cards. Such self-regulatory mechanisms will influence thinking and result in appropriate work instructions given for the overall benefit of the organization and people.

Principle 8Three sub systems in building an effective safety system

are: Physical, managerial and behavioural

This principle traces the movement from technical improvements to systems and procedures (to ensure that the improvements are captured permanently) and thence


Event/ Condition

Subevent/ Condition

Subevent/ Condition

Subevent/ Condition

Subevent/ Condition

Root Cause

Subevent/ Condition

Subevent/ Condition

Why?

Why?Why?

Why? Why?

Human error

Error Violation

Skill based Mistakes Routine

Slips

LapsExceptional

SituationalRules based

Knowledge based


We assume that everybody understands their responsibility on safety – but, unless we communicate, people may misunderstand that we are not interested in safety. So beware!

Golden Rule number 2

Assuming that our subordinates have heard and understood what was told to them, do they really believe in what we communicate? ‘Seeing is believing’ not so much as what they hear. Hence our accent has to be on ‘doing’ (visible demonstration of our commitment to safety) things – than just ‘talking’ about it. After all, we all know that we will only achieve the level of safety excellence that we demonstrate as our desired goal!

Golden rule number 3

Even if our subordinates understand and believe in our communication, we have to hold them accountable to it. What we mean here is accountability related to proactive performance monitoring rather than reactive performance monitoring, which is done after the accident!

When safety teams follow these three golden rules of communication, they are considered to be difficult people – yes, they are like sand paper that rubs against others. It may sometimes be painful for others, but the people who were rubbed against, end-up polished and the sand paper wears out and is thrown in the dust bin – safety people are proud to be catalysts in helping polish others.

When all of us follow the above three rules of communication, principle 10 will get implemented automatically!

With best wishes for very positive days ahead!

M. KamarajanHead - EHS


to self-motivated people (to implement the systems) and finally to a regular cultural intervention (to ensure that employees possess a positive culture towards safety perennially). The essence is to generate a positive culture among employees for all initiatives to take root.

Principle 9The safety system should fit the culture of the organization

At a recent training program on ‘EHS Leadership Workshop’, the question was posed to participants as to whether ‘Prescriptive approach’ or ‘Goal setting’ approach would be more effective in implementing safety procedures at project sites, considering the prevalent culture existing in the organization. While most participants preferred a ‘prescriptive’ (the stick) approach, about 25 to 30% preferred a ‘goal setting’ (the ‘carrot’) approach. However, the same group of participants agreed wholeheartedly that the ‘goal setting’ approach was the better option in the long run. Therefore, a ‘participative’ (caring) approach should be embraced over the ‘controlling’ (or coercive) approach.

Principle 10For a safety system to be effective, it must meet the following: Force supervisory performance, involve middle management, have top management’s visible commitment, be flexible, and be perceived as positive.

Golden Rule number 1

When we communicate, what is important is not so much as to what the other person hears but what he understands.

We all go to projects and keep communicating with our sub-ordinates. How much of safety communication do we do?



Harvesting rainwaterRainwater harvesting is a technique for collecting rainwater from various hard surfaces such as roof tops and/or other types of manmade above ground hard surfaces, storing and using it for landscape irrigation and other uses. . An ancient practice, it is growing in popularity because of the inherent qualities of rainwater and the interest in reducing consumption of potable water.

Rainwater harvesting is the accumulation of rainwater for reuse before it reaches the aquifer (a layer of earth or rock that contains water) for watering gardens, for livestock, for irrigation, etc. The harvested water can be used for drinking as well and if stored in a tank, can be accessed and cleaned when needed. In many places the water collected is redirected to a deep pit with percolation so that the water will reach the aquifer, instead of flowing to the storm water collection system and becoming unusable.

This system becomes a source of independent water supply during regional water restrictions and in developed countries; it is often used to supplement the main supply. It provides water during drought conditions or summer. Rainwater harvesting systems are easy to understand, install and operate. They are effective in ‘green droughts’ as water is captured from rainfall where runoff is insufficient to flow into dam storages. The quality of captured rainwater is usually sufficient for most household needs, reducing the need for detergents as rainwater is soft. Financial benefits are many: rain is ‘renewable’ (perpetual) at acceptable volumes despite climate change forecasts; rainwater harvesting systems generally have low running costs and water is available at the point of consumption.

Components of a Rainwater Harvesting SystemRainwater is transported through pipes or drains, filtration, and stored in tanks for reuse or recharge. Some common components of a rainwater harvesting system:

Catchments

The catchment of a water harvesting system is the surface which directly receives the rainfall and provides water to the system. It can be a paved area like a terrace or courtyard of a building, or an unpaved area like a lawn or open ground. A roof made of reinforced cement concrete (RCC), galvanised iron or corrugated sheets can also be used for water harvesting. Coarse mesh is provided at the roof to prevent the passage of debris.

Gutters

Channels all around the edge of a sloping roof to collect and transport rainwater to the storage tank are called gutters. Gutters can be semi-circular or rectangular and could be made using:

Catchment

Conduit

Recharge facility

Storage facility

y Locally available material such as plain galvanised iron sheet (20 to 22 gauge), folded to required shapes

y Semi-circular gutters of PVC material can be readily prepared by cutting those pipes into two equal semi-circular channels

y Bamboo or betel trunks cut vertically in half

The size of the gutter is dictated by the flow during the highest intensity of rain and it is advisable to make them 10 to 15 per cent oversize.

Gutters need to be supported so that they do not sag or fall-off when loaded with water and depends on the construction of the house. It is possible to fix iron or timber brackets into the walls, but for houses having wider eaves, some method of attachment to the rafters is necessary.

ConduitsConduits are pipelines or drains that carry rainwater from the



Diameter of pipe (mm)

Average rate of rainfall in mm/h

50 75 100 125 150 200

50 13.4 8.9 6.6 5.3 4.4 3.3

65 24.1 16.0 12.0 9.6 8.0 6.0

75 40.8 27.0 20.4 16.3 13.6 10.2

100 85.4 57.0 42.7 34.2 28.5 21.3

125 - - 80.5 64.3 53.5 40.0

150 - - - - 83.6 62.7

Sizing of rainwater pipe for roof drainage

mm/h – millimeters per hour; Source: National Building Code

Filter

The filter is used to remove suspended pollutants from rainwater collected over a roof and is a chamber filled with filtering media such as fibre, coarse sand and gravel layers to remove debris and dirt from the water before it enters the storage tank or recharge structures. Charcoal can be introduced for additional filtration.

catchment or rooftop area to the harvesting system. Conduits can be of any material like polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or galvanized iron (GI) - materials that are commonly available.

The following table gives an idea about the diameter of pipe required for draining out rainwater based on rainfall intensity and roof area:

First-flushing

A first flush device is a valve that ensures runoff from the first spell of rain is flushed out and does not enter the system. This needs to be done since the first spell of rain carries a relatively larger amount of pollutants from the air and catchment surface.

Source: A water harvesting manual for urban areas

10 CM GRAVEL LAYER

10 CM CHARCOAL LAYER

25 CM SAND LAYER

25 CM GRAVEL LAYER

I. Charcoal water filter

A simple charcoal filter can be made in a drum or an earthen pot. The filter can be made of gravel, sand and charcoal, all of which are easily available.

II Sand Filter

Sand filters are commonly available apart from being easy and inexpensive to construct. These filters can be employed for treatment of water to effectively remove turbidity (suspended particles like silt and clay), colour and microorganisms. It can be constructed domestically with the top layer comprising coarse sand followed by a 5-10 mm layer of gravel followed by another 5-25 cm layer of ravel and boulders.

Filter for large roof tops

When rainwater is harvested in a large rooftop area, the filtering system should be big enough to accommodate the excess flow for which the system designed has three concentric circular chambers in which the outer chamber is filled with sand, the middle one with coarse aggregate and the inner-most layer with pebbles.

This way, the area of filtration is increased for sand, in relation to coarse aggregate and pebbles. Rainwater reaches the centre core and is collected in the sump where it is treated with a few tablets of chlorine and is ready for consumption.

I) Horizontal roughing filter and slow sand filter

The introduction of horizontal roughing filter and slow sand filter (HRF/SSF) to treat surface water has made safe drinking water available in coastal pockets of Orissa. The major components of this filter are:

Filter channel

One square metre in cross-section and eight m in length, laid across the tank embankment, the filter channel consists of



three uniform compartments: the first tank is packed with broken bricks, the second with coarse sand, followed by fine sand in the third compartment. The HRF usually consists of filter material like gravel and coarse sand that successively decreases in size from 25 mm to 4 mm. The bulk of solids in the incoming water are separated by this coarse filter media or HRF. At every point of outlet or inlet of the channel, fine graded mesh is implanted to prevent entry of finer materials into the sump. The length of a channel varies according to the nature of the site selected for the sump.

Sump

The sump is a storage provision to collect filtered water from the tank through the filter channel for storage and collection. While HRF acts as a physical filter and is applied to retain solid matter, SSF is primarily a biological filter, used to kill microbes in the water. Both filter types are generally stable, making full use of the natural purification process of harvested surface water and do not require any chemical.

III) RainPC

Aqua Sure, a consortium of three specialist Netherlands-based companies, has developed a system for the conversion of rainwater to drinking water in the form of a Rainwater Purification Centre (RainPC). RainPC is developed by scaling down the multi-staged water treatment method (MST), which involves screening, flocculation sedimentation and filtration and incorporating existing technologies like upward flow fine

filtration, absorption and ion exchange. Coming in a small and compact 26 kg unit, the RainPC offers an affordable solution by converting rainwater into drinking water.

Are we at risk? How to make the water you drink safe?

Source: A water harvesting manual for Urban areas

20 CM GRAVEL LAYER

30 CM SAND LAYER

20 CM GRAVEL LAYER

POROUS BED

Even though 71% of the earth’s surface is covered by

water bodies there is still a scarcity of drinking water.

About 1 billion people don’t have access to safe

drinking water. This is because the maximum amount of water

is in the oceans (97%) and glaciers (2%) which are either saline

or frozen and hence unusable. According to the World Health

Organization (WHO) report published in 2006, drinking water

has been categorized into three, and described in the form of

“drinking water ladder”.

It has been reported that 54% of the world’s population

use improved drinking water through piped household

water connections, which is made available inside the user’s

dwelling, plot or yard. Around 33% population use improved

drinking water sources other than piped water such as public

taps or standpipes, tube wells or boreholes, protected dug wells,

protected springs and rainwater collection. The remaining 13%

population use unimproved drinking water sources such as

unprotected wells and unprotected spring and surface water

(river, dam, lake, pond, stream, canal, irrigation channels).

Drinking water concernsDrinking or potable water is consumed by human beings and

its purity is a major concern throughout the world. It must

comply with the scientific standards set for safe consumption

and meet the national water quality standards. In many

countries including India, people still suffer from acute or

chronic illnesses by drinking contaminated water.


With decreasing availability of water, rain water harvesting is the best option today. Instead of using the roof for catchment, the Rain Saucer, which looks like an upside down umbrella, can be used to collect rain water directly from the sky. This decreases the potential for contamination and makes potable water for developing countries a potential application. Other applications of this free standing rainwater collection approach are sustainable gardening and small plot farming.

G. Madhava Kumar CEHSM - Hyderabad Cluster


Of the 3% freshwater available on earth, 68.7% is frozen in the form of icecaps and glaciers while 30.1% is groundwater, 0.3% surface water and 0.9% unaccounted for. The 0.3% water used is by purifying it over and over again. The surface water includes 87% in lakes, 11% in swamps and remaining 2% in rivers but with so much of waste being dumped into them every minute, these are unreliable sources of clean and pure drinking water. To make this water consumable, it has to be processed in many ways. (Refer Table on Page 16)

Drinking water generally has harmful contents Drinking water, like every other substance, contains small amounts of bacteria most of which are common ones and not generally harmful. Chlorine is usually added to drinking water to prevent bacterial growth while the water streams through pipelines.

What substances endanger the quality of drinking water?Coliform bacteria that are often detected in drinking water are a group of microorganisms that are normally found in the intestinal tract of humans, other warm-blooded animals and in surface water. The presence of these bacteria indicates that disease-causing microorganisms, known as pathogens, may be present in the drinking water supply and hence needs to be treated and cleansed.

Yeasts and viruses can also endanger the quality of drinking water. These are microbial contaminants like Giardia and Cryptosporidium that are usually found in surface water. Giardia is a single cell organism that causes gastrointestinal symptoms while Cryptosporidium is a parasite that is considered to be one of the most significant causes of diarrhoeal disease in humans.

Nitrate in drinking water can cause cyanosis which is a reduction of the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood. This is particularly dangerous to infants under six months of age.

Lead can enter the water supply from copper pipelines. As water streams through the pipes, small amounts of lead will dissolve in and contaminate it. Lead is a toxic substance that can be quickly absorbed into the human system, leading to lead poisoning particularly in children.

Legionella is a bacterium that grows rapidly when water is maintained at a temperature between 30 and 40 degrees for a long period of time. This bacterium can be inhaled when water evaporates as it enters the human body with aerosols, can cause a sort of flu, known as Pontiac fever and a more serious deathly illness known as Legionellosis.

How can the quality of drinking water be protected?All countries have legal drinking water standards that prescribe the substances that can be present in drinking water and at what maximum amounts. The standards are called maximum contaminant levels and are formulated for any contaminant that may have adverse effects on human health and any organization that prepares drinking water has to follow these stringently. If water is purified to make it potable, it will be subjected to various tests in order to establish the concentrations that are present. (For further information please refer IS 10500 for Indian Standard of drinking water)



Summary of drinking water treatment methods

Treatment method

How it works What it removes Operation and maintenance issues

Activated carbon

filtration

As water flows through the filter, contaminants adsorb or stick to the surface of the activated carbon particles.

Pesticides; organic compounds such as benzene and carbon tetrachloride; odour, bacterial or colloidal iron or tannins when combined with continuous chlorination; radon; lead or copper if equipped with special media; some other heavy metals in certain cases; chlorine; chloramines; Trihalomethanes. Filters with moulded activated carbon blocks will treat Cryptosporidium and Giardia.

System must be monitored and carbon cartridges must be replaced at regular intervals. Failure to replace filter regularly can result in elevated levels of contaminants in water.

Reverse osmosis

(RO)

Contaminants are removed by forcing water through a membrane which has microscopic holes. Water molecules pass through the membrane but larger particles cannot. The membrane is flushed to remove the trapped contaminates.

Certain tastes, some pesticides; high chloride content; fluoride; nitrate; lead, copper, and other heavy metals; arsenic; Cryptosporidium; viruses.

Activated carbon or sediment filtration is often used to pre-filter water before reverse osmosis. Activated carbon post-filters are also common. Pre-filters and post-filters require regular replacement. RO membrane must be regularly monitored and disinfected. RO systems can waste a large amount of water.

Ion exchange

water softening

As water passes through a resin bed in the softener, calcium and magnesium in the water are exchanged for sodium or potassium which do not create the nuisance associated with hard water.

Hard water (calcium and magnesium); dissolved iron; manganese; cadmium, copper and zinc if operated properly.

When the resin is filled to capacity, it must be recharged. Depending upon the type of softener, some degree of monitoring of the regeneration cycle is necessary. People on restricted sodium diets should consult their doctor about drinking softened water since it contributes sodium to the diet.

Sediment filtration

As water passes through a filter made of sand, filter paper, compressed glass wool or other straining material sus-pended particles such as sand, soil or other particles are trapped on the filter.

Sediment; acidic water when preceded by soda ash feed; dissolved iron or manganese when preceded by continuous chlorination, ozonation or aeration; turbidity.

Depending on the type of filter, cartridge replacement or back washing must be done on a regular basis in order to maintain effectiveness.

Distillation Water is heated to create steam which is then condensed to be collected as treated water. Contaminants removed remain in the heating chamber or boil off into the atmosphere.

Sediment; high salt content; high total dissolved solids; pesticides if properly equipped with gas vent; fluoride; nitrate; lead, copper and other heavy metals; arsenic; bacteria.

Energy costs for distillation can be significant. Scale builds up and sediment must be periodically removed from the distiller. Contaminants with a boiling point lower than water, such as some pesticides and solvents, can vaporize with the water and condense with treated water instead of being removed. Some units have a gas vent to release these contaminants to the air. Distilled water may have a flat or bland taste.



Treatment method How it works What it removes Operation and maintenance issues

Aeration Oxygen is introduced into the water by an aerator. This oxidizes contaminants such as iron and manganese, causing them to form solids which can then be filtered out of the water.

Dissolved iron or manganese when followed by sediment filtration; may help reduce rotten egg odour from dissolved hydrogen sulphide gas; methane gas odour; radon.

Regular back washing of the filter following aeration is required. Aeration is not recommended for water containing bacteria which may clog the system.

De-aeration Mix air with water to remove dissolved gases from the water. Aeration and de-aeration equipment are very similar, but are designed for different treatment goals.

Dissolved hydrogen sulphide gas; methane gas odour; radon.

If water has high hardness (e.g., calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese), the system should be designed to manage precipitates and scale build-up.

Continuous chlorination

Chlorine is fed or injected into the water to kill bacteria and other microbial contaminants, as well as to treat iron and manganese in the water.

Dissolved iron or manganese when followed by sediment filtration; rotten egg odour from dissolved hydrogen sulphide gas or sulphate-reducing bacteria (followed by activated carbon filtration); bacterial or colloidal iron or tannins when combined with activated carbon filtration; bacteria; Giardia; viruses.

Chlorine must have adequate contact time with water to disinfect it. Therefore the chlorine dose must be carefully synchronized with the water flow so that water does not move too quickly through the system. Chlorine feed pumps must be carefully calibrated and maintained. Careful handling of chlorine is required since it is toxic. Depending on the organic content of the water, by-products of the chlorination process may include Trihalomethanes (THM’s) which may increase the risk of cancer. Activated carbon filtration may be used after chlorination to remove excess chlorine and its by-products; filters should be changed regularly.

Ultraviolet (UV)

radiation

As water passes through the system, a special lamp produces ultraviolet light that kills bacteria and other microbial contaminants.

Bacteria; Giardia; viruses. Sediment build-up and algae growth may cause problems within the system and must be periodically removed. The lamp must be kept clean to maintain effectiveness. In turbid, or cloudy, water the UV light may not reach some of the organisms. Water may need to be treated for turbidity prior to entering the UV system. Also, UV radiation does not have a residual effect so water that leaves the system can be re-contaminated.

Ozonation Water enters a system where ozone, a chemical form of pure oxygen, is produced and mixed with the water. Ozonation destroys bacteria and other microbial pathogens and oxidizes compounds such as iron and manganese to permit their removal.

Bacteria; Giardia; Cryptosporidium; viruses; dissolved iron or manganese when combined with sediment filtration.

Equipment that tests for ozone in treated water must be purchased or bacterial tests performed, as this is the only way to determine if the system is operating properly. Dehumidification of surrounding air is frequently required. Careful monitoring is required as ozone is a toxic gas. Ozonation does not have a lasting (residual) effect so re-contamination of water can occur. Ozonation equipment is expensive.

Ultra, micro, and nano filtration

As water passes through a filter, suspended particles are trapped on the filter. The particle removed depends upon the size of the pores in the filter.

Cryptosporidium; Giardia; viruses.

Depending on the type of filter, cartridge replacement or back washing must be done on a regular basis in order to maintain effectiveness. Pore sizes from smallest to largest are nano filtration, ultra filtration and micro filtration.



Necessity of Purifying Drinking WaterWater source can be broadly divided into two - surface water and ground water and rainwater contributes to both. While falling onto the earth’s surface, rainwater dissolves gases, suspended particles and other substances. Surface water bodies such as rivers, lakes and reservoirs also have dust particles, microorganisms, minerals and organic matter. Similarly, ground water too contains lots of dissolved minerals with the result the water obtained from these natural sources is polluted in one way or the other and hence needs to be treated to meet certain standards before being considered fit for consumption. Water is treated mainly (depending upon the impurities present and determined by water quality test) for the followings impurities:

1. Physical impurities

2. Chemical impurities

3. Biological impurities

4. Radioactive impurities

Common Methods for Purifying Domestic Drinking WaterThere is no one single treatment equipment that manages

to clear all contaminants from water because all treatment methods have limitations. The treatment system that is best suited for any particular household depends on the contaminant(s) present, concentration(s), the size of units, maintenance and operational requirements of the system. At times, a combination of treatment methods could be more effective. Treatment systems can be classified as either Point-of-Use (POU) or Point-of-Entry (POE). POU devices treat water at the point it is used, such as the faucet and such treated water can be used for drinking and cooking. POE devices treat water as it enters the household. This is important if a contaminant can be absorbed through the skin or by inhalation during bathing, showering or at other times of water contact. It is also important for managing substances that may cause staining, mineral deposits or other problems in the water distribution system.

Drinking water purification broadly means the process of removing undesirable physical, biological and chemical contaminants from raw water, so as to make the water fit for human consumption. Note: In the following table, treatment options and maintenance issues are dealt and it gives a fair idea on how a treatment system works.

Dr. Sanjai Kumar Srivastava CEHSM- Bangalore cluster

Physical & Chemical Treatments Membrane Based Treatments Ion Exchangers Disinfection

* Boiling•Sedimentation - flocculation

•Filtration - Sand & Activated Carbon•Micron cartridge filtration

•Desalination•Use of chemicals like antiscalants & antioxidants

* Microfiltration (suspended solids)

•Ultrafiltration (bacteria)•Nano filtration

•Reverse Osmosis (dissolved salts)

•Softeners•DM

•Iron removal•Arsenic Removal

•Chlorination - Electro, Hypo

& Gas•UV

•Ozone

Common method of purification

System Performance Comparison Carbon Filter Carbon filter w/

silverCeramic

FilterCeramic Filter

w/carbonReverse Osmosis

Steam Distillation w/

carbon

Microbiological NO PARTIAL YES YES NO YES

Organics YES YES NO YES YES YES

Heavy Metals NO NO NO NO PARTIAL YES

Radioactive materials NO NO NO NO PARTIAL YES

Inorganics NO NO NO NO PARTIAL YES

Comparison of different filter and its capability of treatment



TRAINING PROGRAMMESSafety

DateName / Subject of the Training Programme

Faculty CoordinatorDuration

(days/hours)

No. of Praticipants Location

October 29 - 30, 2013

Construction Safety Program

Dr. Sanjai Kumar Srivastava, CEHSM, Bengaluru

2 25 Bengaluru

November 28 - 29, 2013


Dr. Sanjai Kumar Srivastava, CEHSM, Bengaluru

2 36 Bengaluru

December 10, 2013

EHS Leadership Programme

Mr.M.Kamarajan, Head EHS, B&F IC 1 23 Chennai

October 10 - 11, 2013


Mr. R V Sudhakar, CEHSM, Chennai 2 26 Chennai

October 16 - 17, 2013



November 19 - 20, 2013



December 26 - 27, 2013



October 22-23, 2013


Mr.K.K. Jha, CEHSM, Delhi Cluster 2 35Hotel Mapple Express,New

Delhi

November 13 - 14, 2013


Mr.K.K. Jha, CEHSM, Delhi Cluster 2 30Hotel Vikram,

New Delhi

December 17 -18, 2013


Mr.K.K. Jha, CEHSM, Delhi Cluster 2 39Hotel Vikram,

New Delhi

November 29, 2013

Competence Building Workshop

Mr.M.Kamarajan, Head EHS, B&F IC 1 35Hotel Surya, New Delhi

November 30, 2013

EHS Leadership Workshop

Mr.M.Kamarajan, Head EHS, B&F IC 1 25Hotel Surya, New Delhi

October 8 -9, 2013Construction Safety Program

Mr. D.S. Gaur, CEHSM, Gurgaon Cluster

2 25 Gurgaon

December 20 -21, 2013


Mr. D.S. Gaur, CEHSM, Gurgaon Cluster

2 34 Gurgaon

December 23 -24, 2013


Mr. Amitava Mitra, Head EHS - HMRP

2 36 Hyderabad

December 21, 2013

EHS Leadership Program

Mr.M.Kamarajan, Head EHS, B&F IC 1 17 Hyderabad

December 19 - 20, 2013


“Mr. V. Bhavani Shankar, CEHSM, MBCL - CB&A & Mr. Hemant Kadu, CEHSM, MBCL - RB&F”

2 26 Mumbai



EHS Leadership Workshop - Chennai- 10th December 2013

Competence Building Workshop - Delhi - 29th November 2013

Construction Safety Program - Bengaluru - 29-30 2013



Know your equipment

Mechanization is the operative word in industrialization and like all industries, the Construction industry has also seen several

introductions of various machineries for different activities to improve productivity and reduce cycle time.

At L&T, erstwhile practices in block shifting, concreting to plastering have given way to various new technologies and it is essential to know the basic safety features of the equipment before adopting these new technologies or deploying these new machines.

This series entitled ’Know Your Equipment‘ has been introduced to present a macro view of an equipment: its safety features, sequence of erection and to some extent, technical information. The first in this series is Mast Climbing Work Platform (MCWP).

1. What is a MCWP?Mast climbing work platforms (MCWPs) are used as temporary work places, giving access to specific areas of variable heights above ground level. In many cases, MCWPs are safer as well as convenient to use than other forms of access equipment such as ladders, fixed scaffolding, or staging.

2. Types & Major Components of MCWPsAt L&T Construction, two types of MCWPs are used:

¾ Hydraulically driven (FRACO)

¾ Rack and pinion driven (GOAIN & PIAT)

Major components of MCWP

¾ The drive unit with platforms capable of supporting persons, equipment and tools

¾ The mast sections

¾ The chassis for supporting the mast on the ground with jacks

¾ Mast tie assemblies for increasing height

3. Important terms, safety components and definitions to be understood at site before selection, installation and operation

1. Rated load - the load for which MCWP has been designed for normal operation as stated in the load chart or diagram (Refer the sample load distribution chart) - refer to the operational manual for actual chart. It is important to ensure uniform load distribution across platforms as per manufacturer’s recommendation.

2. Rated speed - the vertical or horizontal speed at which the mast climber is designed

3. Mast tie - anchorage system used to transfer the lateral reaction forces to the building and keep it aligned verticality

4. Electromagnetic brake—‘Applicable for the Rack and pinion type only’ situated behind the motor to hold the MCWP at required heights

Single Mast Climber

Twin Mast Climber



¾ Safety device - (Applicable for the Rack and pinion type only) used to prevent the free-fall of the MCWP if the electromagnetic brake fails

5. Operator — an authorized person with green card and training given by OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) representative, site EHS personnel and P&M personnel

6. Limit switches—Electromechanical devices provided to control the movement during ascent, descent, to sense the maximum ascent or descent levels in case of twin mast, overpass, etc.

7. End mast—provided at the end of the mast without rack to avoid overrun of the climbing equipment

The installation has to be completed only after getting necessary drawings from CMPC (Construction Method Planning Cell) and TSC (Technical Service Cell) at Regional / Cluster office.

Any erection of the equipment should be preceded by GRA preparation and approval by site EHS committee and the cluster EHS committee.

4. MCWP area demarcationRefer to the below given picture for area demarcation.

All loads are to be kept in the loading area only.

Area Demarcation

5. Load distribution pattern over the platformLoading distribution pattern of the MCWP differs as per the models and manufacturers hence it is necessary to read and understand the loading pattern of OEM manual before deployment.

When loading the platform, loads must be placed as close as possible to the mast since loading capacity gets reduced in overhanging portions of the platform.

Sample picture of loading pattern of an MCWP is given below for single and twin mast climber.

Uniform load distribution pattern must be strictly adhered to for safer operation.

Loading Pattern Diagrams

Single Mast Climber

Twin Mast Climber

6. Safety tests to be conducted prior to commissioning1. Load test: To ensure that the installation is capable

of handling the rated load i.e 100% of capacity in a distributed manner, standard weights should be used.

2. Drop test: ‘Applicable for Rack and Pinion type only’ to ascertain the functioning of the safety brake or safety device at the time of failure of the electromagnetic brake at rated load. The equipment is tested by creating a test environment by using a separate kit provided by the OEM.

3. Over-load test: To ensure that the operation of the equipment does not happen when overloaded or to ensure that the functioning of the overload limiter, if available. If unavailable, the same can be controlled by an overload relay in the motor. The normal limits for the overload are 110%.

The above tests have to be conducted in the presence of a competent third party authorized by the factory inspector.

7. Daily checks / Inspection before starting operations1. Check the availability of the authorized operator

2. Check the availability of fall arrestor and other PPEs with the workmen and operator

3. Check condition of power cables, limit switches, rails and mast anchorages

4. In case of dual mast sections, ensure that no level difference is being maintained

5. Check all emergency switches and limit switches for proper functioning and do a test run

6. Check electrical interlocks provided at the gate entry for proper operation



7. Check the condition of the cables and guides

8. Inspect anchorages for the proper condition

9. Check for any abnormal noise

10. Ensure that the operating path is free from obstacles

It is very important to note that in no case, should the MCWP be used for shifting/ transferring people or material from the platform of the MCWP to the working floor or vice versa.

R. Vaithi Subramanian Manager - P&M, TCS Project, Chennai

M.S.D.S.What is M.S.D.S.?

y Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) contains information regarding the proper procedures for handling, storing, and disposing of chemical substances.

y MSDS should accompany all chemicals or kits while it is transported.

y If MSDS is not available for a chemical, there are many web sites that can supply it, such as, www.msdsonline.com.

y Typically the information is listed in a standardized format

y MSDS is prepared by chemical manufacturers and vendors to convey hazard information to users.

y MSDS should be obtained when a chemical is purchased.

y A chemical inventory list, and MSDS, for each chemical is required to be maintained by all facilities / labs.

y M.S.D.S. is a very important document – a Facebook for a particular chemical solid, liquid, or gas.

y Preparing and providing the M.S.D.S. to the purchaser / ultimate users of that chemical is mandatory.

y It is the responsibility of the manufacturer to prepare and provide M.S.D.S. of the product / chemicals manufactured by them.

y M.S.D.S. gives a clear and accurate picture of the various constants and specific properties / nature of the chemical substance.

y It also cautions the user about the result of its reaction with specific chemical(s).

Features of M.S.D.S. y Identity of the Material and the Manufacturer

y Hazardous Ingredients

y Physical and Chemical Characteristics

y Fire and Explosion Hazard Data

y Reactivity Data

y Precautions for Safe Handling

y Control Measures and First Aid

y Health Hazard Data (Limits and Symptoms)

y Effect of Exposure

y Personal Protective Equipment

y In case of material spillage & disposal of waste

y Control Measure and First - Aid

y Emergency measures

Reading MSDSInformation on the MSDS is organized into 8 main sections:

1 Identity: The chemical name, trade name and manufacturers name, address and emergency phone number

2 Hazardous Ingredients: Hazardous ingredients are identified

3 Physical and Chemical Characteristics: Boiling/melting points, vapor pressure and density, water solubility, and appearance/odor


between 3to 5

Inclinometer Box


4 Fire Data: Flash point, flammable limits, extinguishing media, unusual fire/explosion hazards, and any special firefighting equipment

5 Health Data: Routes of entry (inhalation, ingestion, etc.) effects from short and long term exposure, emergency and first-aid procedures

6 Reactivity Data: Stability, incompatible materials, hazardous decomposition are among the topics in this area

7 Spill or Leak Procedures: Clean-up procedures, waste disposal, and precautions needed when handling/storing materials

8 Spill Precaution Information: Any personal protective equipment (PPE), ventilation, and work/hygiene practices

y These 8 sections or characters are further classified under 16 Sections or Characters

y Based on the details given in the M.S.D.S., the labels / panels are displayed on the shipment containers / boxes which explains the nature of the chemical and accordingly the required safety precautions must be observed by the user / handler of the chemical.

M.S.D.S. for various substances can be obtained from the following web sites:

Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC)

www.cpsc.gov

Department of Transportation (DOT)

www.dot.gov

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

www.epa.gov

Department of Health and Human Services National

Toxicology Program (NTP)

http://ntp-server.niehs.nih.gov

Department of Labor Occupational Safety and Health

Administration (OSHA)

www.osha.gov

MSDS Online

www.msdsonline.com

Mr. Shailesh Patel Cluster EHS Manager

Ahmedabad Cluster

A Typical MSDS Label



Gasoline safety

Gasoline (petrol) is a fuel used in spark-ignition engines. The fuel is mixed with air within its

flammable limits and heated above its flash point, then ignited by the spark plug. In order to avoid

pre-ignition by the residual heat of a hot combustion, the fuel must have a low flash point and high auto

ignition temperature.

Spark ignition engines are designed to burn gasoline in a controlled process known as deflagration. Energy is

obtained from the combustion of gasoline by the conversion of a hydrocarbon to carbon dioxide and water.

Know how the material safety data sheet works for gasoline

31 0

Environmental ConsiderationsThe unburnt gasoline and evaporation from the storage

tank when it reaches the atmosphere, reacts with sunlight to

produce photochemical smog. On combustion of 3.8 liters of

gasoline, 8700 gms of CO2 is produced which is a Greenhouse gas.

Odor & Color of GasolineGasoline appears in a translucent, straw – colored or light

yellow liquid. It has got a strong, aromatic hydrocarbon odor.

Oxygenated gasoline with MTBE / TAME (Methyl Tertiary

Butyl Ether / Tert-Amyl Methyl Ether) may have a sweet, ether

like odor and is easily detectable at a lower concentration than

the non- oxygenated gasoline.

Toxicology of Gasoline

The material safety data sheet for unleaded gasoline shows at

least 15 hazardous chemicals occurring in various amounts,

including Benzene (up to 5% by volume), toluene (up to

35% by volume), MTBE (up to 18% by volume). The IARC

(International Agency for Research on Cancer) has found that

gasoline and its exhaust are possibly carcinogenic for humans.

It also contains benzene and prolonged or repeated exposure

to which can cause damage in human beings to the blood

forming system or serious blood disorders like plastic anemia

and leukemia.

Flash Point and Fire Point of gasoline

Gasoline vapors being heavier than air travels a long distance to

an ignition source and flashes back. The flash point of gasoline

is 45ºF (43ºC). The fire point of gasoline is highly variable >

530ºF (>280ºC).

On 24th November, 2013, a fire broke out in a parking lot

of an apartment in Pune. The preliminary investigation

pointed towards a short circuit in the meter box in the

parking area that sparked the blaze, which intensified

after the petrol tanks of two wheelers started exploding.

In a very short span of time, the flames had leapt up to the

third floor of the seven-storey building.

Gasoline gets ignited by itself even with the help of auto

generated static electricity. Therefore, it is important to keep

it out of reach from spark embers or flames of the operating equipment.



What happened?On a fateful day at a construction project, while using a man hoist, the car cabin of the hoist fell through the guide rack & pinion from the top floor due to gravity.

What went wrong?Investigation findings revealed the following:

y The bearings in the gear box failed as the drive shaft got disconnected due to failure of bearings which caused the car cabin to fall freely through the guide rack.

y The safety brake was actuated and worked for a brief period, actuating the electrical cut off limit switch (secondary failure)

¾ The safety brake could not sustain, due to the shearing of a pin holding the governor weights, that acts as a brake

y Lack of / poor maintenance of the hoist

y Equipment used had exceeded its economic life

How to prevent it?All man hoists shall be checked for age of the equipment (whether the equipment is within its economic life or not), the condition of the equipment, should have third party certificates and drop test validity

y Drop test has to be carried out at regular intervals as prescribed in the OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) manual

y Any equipment which has crossed the economic life shall not be used / operated

It happened. It can happen again … Let’s prevent it

y Preventive maintenance schedule should be prepared for hired equipment as recommended by the OEM and ensure that the same is followed.

Car Cabin of passenger hoist can have a free fall through guide during a failure

In several cases, mechanical failure in hoists occurs due to overloading or over speeding due to inexperienced operators. In several cases, however, the root cause of the failure is due to poor maintenance and usage of old equipment which has crossed its economic life.

The aim of sharing such an incident is to alert project teams with a request to check/ enquire at projects whether machinery of such conditions prevail and to ensure that only ‘right and fit equipment’ is deployed for the assigned task.

Remember - Making mistakes is not a crime. Not learning from them and

repeating them is criminal.

Disclaimer: Accident details published in this magazine are collected from friendly sources and are being circulated with the only objective of learning from the incidents and to take preventive action. This does not represent incidents from any particular organization/site.

Bearing failure in drive gear box



Often, one is faced with presentations that

are packed with enormous data presented

inappropriately and hence very difficult to

understand or derive any action plan from it. It is not

enough to possess all the relevant data but it needs to be

presented in a comprehensible manner which requires

soft skills in analyzing and summarizing the data using

appropriate software.

This article is intended to help make data analysis using

excel spreadsheets, improve effectiveness in summarizing

excel sheet data and present it well to enable decision making.

Definitions & usage of commands

I. Data validation Data validation is used to define restrictions on what data

can or should be entered in a cell and it can be configured

to prevent users from entering invalid data. Users can be

warned of entering invalid data; there also exists the option

of providing messages to define what to input in the correct

cell and correct any errors.

By using the list command in data validation, a drop

down list may be developed so that errors can be avoided

and the pivot can easily be abstracted as per the prescribed

list.

Step 1

Prepare a list of near miss category in an excel sheet.

Step 2

Select the cell in excel sheet where near miss category of

incidents needs to be filled-up. Go to ‘Data’ tab and select

‘Data validation’ from data group tools.

Step 3:

Select ‘list’ option from the dialogue box and select the list

prepared earlier.

Copy the cell where the above formula has been applied and

paste in the column

Enhancing soft skillsMaking incident analysis chart using spreadsheets


Step 1

Step 2

Step 3


Step 1&2

Step 3

Pivot Chart


II. Pivot table reportA Pivot table report is useful to summarize, analyze, explore,

and present a summary of data. It helps visualize a pivot table

report summary data and easily see comparisons, patterns, and

trends.

Step 1 & 2

Select 2nd sheet of the excel sheet to create a pivot

report. Go to ‘insert’ tab and select ‘pivot table’ from tables

group.

Step 3

Select the source data for pivot report

Step 4

Selection of data will lead to the 2nd sheet. Click ‘ok’ in the

dialogue box.

Select and drag the near miss category for getting an abstract

report from pivot table dialogue box.

Next, click the near miss category and drag this to ‘∑ Values’ or

right click and click ‘Add to ∑ Values’.

III. Create a chart using pivot dataCharts are used for displaying numeric data in large quantities

and the relationship between different series of data in a

simple, graphic format.

To create a chart using the data obtained from pivot table

report:

Step 1

Sorting of data

Sort data using the ‘sort’ option in ascending or descending

manner based on the category.

Creating a chart

From ‘Insert’ tab, choose a ‘pie’ (since this is analysis of

incidents, pie chart representation may be appropriate) from

the charts group.

Note: Data shall be selected excluding the ‘total value’ in the

pivot table report.

Note: Using chart properties tool by double clicking the chart

area, any changes / modifications with respect to colour, size,

display of legends, etc., can be done.


The right man for the right job“Live as if you were to die tomorrow. Learn as if you were to live forever.” - Mahatma Gandhi

In the last issue of Helmet, a few of the excerpts from IS 13667 were presented. Part 1 dealt with ‘Safe use of cranes – Code of practice’ that included definitions of various terminologies, lifting management, planning for lifting, etc. From IS Code 13667, this issue will deal with the selection of persons and their duties and signals during material handling.

Selection of Persons‘Right person for right Job’ is the keyword that should be followed for a safe operation. Only an appointed person who is responsible for the lifting operation as decided by the management should choose the persons such as crane drivers or operators, signalers, slingers, crane erectors for the lifting operations.

The appointed person should ensure that persons involved in the lifting operations are aware of their duties, work as an efficient team and none of them are under the influence of alcohol / other drugs. Fitness and competencies need to ascertained after completing appropriate training.

Duties / responsibilities Crane Driver

The crane driver is responsible for the safe/ correct operation in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions and lifting plan. In some cases, the carne driver may be responsible for erection or dismantling of the crane too. He must always respond only to the signals from one identified, competent slinger / signaler.

Slinger

The slinger is responsible for attaching or detaching the load to and from the crane hook and for the correct lifting gear and equipment as per the lifting plan and also for initiating and directing safe movement of the crane. Depending upon the physical position

of the slinger or slingers, only one slinger should have this responsibility.

If and when a signaler is not visible to the crane driver, another signaler or slinger should be deployed to relay signals. Alternatively, other audio or visuals methods can also be used.

To cover for the possibility of failure of audio or visual methods, a separate system to safely halt the movement of the crane should be available until signals have been restored.

In case the responsibility of the slinger who is directing the crane or load is to be transferred to another person, the following should be ensured:

y Transfer of responsibility should be clearly communicated to the crane driver

y The slinger should clearly indicate to the new slinger or signaler that this transfer is taking place

y The Driver and new slinger or signaler should clearly indicate that they accept the transfer is taking place

Crane Erector

The crane erector is responsible for erection of the crane as per the manufacturer’s instructions. Where two or more crane erectors are required, one should be nominated as erector’s in charge.

Signaler

The signaler is responsible for relaying signals from the slinger to the crane driver. The signaler may be given the responsibility of directing movement of crane or load instead of a slinger, provided only one person has the responsibility.

Maintenance Personnel

Maintenance personnel are responsible for maintaining the crane to ensure its safe and satisfactory operation. They should carry out all necessary maintenance in accordance to the safe system of work and permit to work.



Recommended minimum attributes

Attributes Crane Driver Slinger Signaler Crane erectorMaintenance

Personnel

Competence He should be competent

He should be competent




Age More than 18 years of age except when under the direct supervision of a competent person for the purpose of training

More than 18 years of age except when under the direct supervision of a competent person for the purpose of training



Fitness Fit in terms of eyesight, hearing, reflexes, the stature to operate the crane safely, ability to judge distances, heights and clearances Note: Medical fitness certificate should be obtained and made available with the appointed person

Fit in terms of eyesight, hearing, reflexes, agility, having the physique to handle lifting gear and equipment and be able to establish weights, balance loads, judge distances, heights and clearances

Fit in terms of eyesight, hearing, reflexes, mobility, ability to judge distances, heights and clearances

Fit with particular regard to eyesight, hearing, reflexes, stature to safely handle the loads during crane erection. Be able to work confidently and safely at height. Able to establish weights, balance loads, judge distances, heights and clearances

Training Adequately trained in the types of crane and sufficient knowledge of cranes and its safety devices.

Should have been trained in the techniques of slinging

Should have been trained in the techniques of slinging.

A d e q u a t e l y trained in the erection, dismantling and working of the type of crane being erected. Also trained in the safe use and setting up of any lifting appliance used.

A d e q u a t e l y trained in setting and testing of the safety devices fitted to the crane being erected and those on any lifting appliance being used for the erection.

P r o p e r l y instructed and trained. Where special machinery is involved; this should include a t t e n d i n g a p p r o p r i a t e training courses given by the supplier of the equipment.



Attributes Crane Driver Slinger Signaler Crane erectorMaintenance

Personnel

Skills, Knowledge and Experience

Understand the duties of signaler or slinger and familiar with the signal codes and alternative methods of relaying signals which are to be used for safer operation

Capable in selection of lifting gear and equipment from the given options

Able to understand the signal codes for the crane being operated and the ability to give clear and precise signals.

Also, capable of giving precise and clear verbal c o m m u n i c a t i o n where audio equipment is used and capable of operating the audio instrument.

Able to understand the signal codes for the crane being operated and the ability to give clear and precise signals.

Also, capable of giving precise and clear verbal communication where audio equipment is used and capable of operating the audio instrument.

Capable in selection of lifting gear and equipment from the given options.

A d e q u a t e knowledge of the machinery, they are required to maintain.

Access to manufacturer ’s relevant literature

Familiar with the fire appliances on the crane and trained in their use

Capable of initiating and directing the safe movement of the crane and load.

Capable of directing the safe movement of the crane and load

Capable of directing the safe movement of the crane and load

Authorization by the appointed person

He should have been authorized to operate the crane by the appointed person. While giving the a u t h o r i z a t i o n should take c o m p e t e n c e , training, recent experience and fitness into account.

Note: Training records of drivers should be maintained and made available to the appointed person.

He should have been nominated by the appointed person to carry out slinging duties.

He should have been nominated by the appointed person to carry out signaling duties.

Be aware of the responsibilities allocated by the appointed person to the crane driver and slinger

He should have been nominated by the appointed person to carry out signaling duties.

Be aware of the responsibi l i t ies allocated by the appointed person to the crane driver and slinger

Note: The signaller should stand in a secure position where HE CAN SEE THE LOAD AND CAN BE SEEN CLEARLY by crane driver.

The process of selection of type of cranes, safety devices, safety practices, etc., shall be covered in the next issue. Happy reading!

Gabrial Fernandez EHS - HQ


31HELMET Oct - Dec 2013Buildings & Factories

Lifesaving incident(s)In safety, we often hear many negative words (accidents/ death/ failure etc.) and lifesaving incidents mostly go unnoticed / unreported for various reasons. Hence, we have decided to accord serious recognition to such incidents through this forum ‘Helmet’ to motivate / encourage people to report such incidents. In fact, the following two incidents were immediately rewarded through the PRAISE scheme also.

Lifesaving incident 1:BIAL Project on 7th December 2013.

Jaypee Kube Project at Noida on 21st December 2013.

Helper, Mr. Sohel Alam was engaged in providing materials for shuttering works for a carpenter at 10th floor. Due to cold weather and dizziness, he fell outside the edge of the floor and was caught up and saved in a catch net, which was provided at 8th floor level, around the periphery of the building.

Efforts behind this saving life incident”

y Provision of fall protection system in the building, as per SOP

He was rescued using a boom hoist, without any personal injury by the project team.

Efforts behind this lifesaving incident,

y Successful, consistent and effective implementation of Work Permit System for the ceiling works

y Training to all the workmen on ‘work at height’

y Repeated refresher training for all workers involved in the job

y Stringent access control system

Mr. Premji, Rigger

Mr. Sohel Alam, Helper

Mr. Boopathi O E, Site Engineer

Mr. Boopathi O E, Site Engineer

Mr. Sadik Pasha, EHS Engineer

Mr. Premji, Rigger was engaged on top of the high-ceiling panels for alignment at a height of 23 meter. While moving on a purlin to align and clip the panel, he slipped and fell on the fragile panel. But his full ‘body harness “saved his life’ since he anchored his lanyard to the purlin.

Mr. A Srinivasareddy, EHS Manager

Mr. A Srinivasareddy, EHS Manager

Mr. Appireddy Srinivasa reddy, EHS Manager, Mr. Boopathi O E, Site Engineer and Mr. Sadik Pasha, EHS Engineer are the heroes who had contributed towards implementing the above system thus saving a precious life.

LIFESAvING INCIDENT 2:

y Training to the staff and workmen regarding ‘work at height’

y Pre-briefing workmen on hazards, as part of work instruction using the ‘safe-to-start-work card’ system

Heroes who were involved are,1. Mr. Irshad A.M, Site Engineer 2. Mr. Vishal Gautam, EHS Engineer

32 HELMET Oct - Dec 2013 Transportation Infrastructure

Implementation of traffic diversion modelIn an innovative move, the EHS teams of both Krishnagiri Walajahpet Road Project and KMRP implemented a novel concept of creating a model of the road in order to explain the nature and types of diversions along with all the signboards involved to facilitate traffic diversion during the course of the project.

These scale models were of immense help to the workmen who could visually see and understand the entire scheme of diversion in detail during the EHS induction.

Beawar – Pali – Pindwara Road project December 2011 to December 2013

Krishnagiri – Walajah Road Project December 2011 to December 2013

Kandla – Mundra Road ProjectApril 2011 to December 2013

Samakhiali – Gandhidham Road ProjectOctober 2012 to December 2013

Panskura - Kharagpur RC ProjectSeptember 2009 to December 2013

Ganjbasoda - Sanchi RC Project March 2010 to December 2013

Bharuch - Dahej RC Project June 2009 to December 2013

10 MTPA Rail Siding, TATA JSR Project- July 2009 to December 2013

Ariyalur – Valadi RC ProjectDecember 2010 to December 2013

22

16

10

8

6

6

5

4

3



33HELMET Oct - Dec 2013Transportation Infrastructure

Rock support for road tunneling

Construction of a road tunnel is perhaps one of the

most demanding tasks of a road project because it is

hazardous and strict compliance to safety precautions

is imperative. Initial rock support (sometimes referred to as

temporary lining or temporary support of excavation) is a

primary safety requirement for road tunnel construction to

keep the tunneled portion open, stable and safe until the final

lining gets installed and the construction is complete. Various

rock supports are used during a road tunnel construction.

Rock boltsRock bolts have a friction or grout anchor in the rock and are

tensioned as soon as that anchorage is attained to actively

introduce a compressive force into the surrounding ground.

This axial force acts upon the rock mass discontinuities,

thus increasing their shear capacity and is generated by pre-

tensioning of the bolt. The system requires a ‘bond length’ for

the bolt to be tensioned. Rock bolts are frequently fully bonded

to the surrounding ground after tensioning for long-term load

transfer considerations. They may or may not be grouted for

full length. In any case, bolts begin to support or join the rock

as soon as they are tensioned. The most striking advantages of

rock bolts are –

y Versatility - they can be used in any excavation geometry

y Simple and quick to use

y Relatively inexpensive

Ribs and laggingThese are used in tunneled portions that have uneven profiles,

intersections, short starter tunnels and critical reaches of

tunnel having faulty zones. They are also used in wedge formed

tunnel where squeezing and swelling ground may occur.

Lattice girdersSupporting large spans of underground openings in poor

rock formation is challenging. Lattice girders provide an

excellent substitute for steel ribs with several inherent

advantages; they are economical, easy to install and

construction friendly.

ForepolesPre-supporting the rock mass with forepoling/spiling is a

method of advancing a tunnel construction in very poor

ground conditions by driving pipe roofs into the ground ahead

of, or simultaneously, with the excavation. Typically 75 or 114

mm diameter pipes, (12 m long) are installed every 8 m to

create a 4 m overlap between successive forepole umbrellas.

Probing & pregroutingProbe hole monitoring gives an indication of rock types, rock

mass, water inflows and provides important information

on the upcoming tunneling. Grouting may be undertaken

through probe holes to reduce water inflow and/ or stabilize

the rock mass.

ShotcreteShotcrete is simply concrete sprayed into place through a

nozzle. It contains additives to gain quicker strength and to keep

it workable until it is sprayed. It can be made with or without

the addition of reinforcing fibers and can be sprayed around

and through reinforcing bars or lattice girders. Shotcreting

can be broadly classified into dry mix shotcrete and wet mix

shotcrete.

Wire meshWire mesh is used to support small pieces of loose rock or as

reinforcement of shotcrete. Two types of wire mesh that are

commonly used in underground excavations are chain-link

mesh and weldmesh.

M K Mahanta Head –EHS

Roads, Runways and Elevated Corridor



Sl.No Date Programme No.of participants Location Days / Hours

1 25.10.2013

Defensive driving was conducted by external

agency M/S MISRI road safety trainer

40Kandla Mundra

Road Project01 day

2 26.10.2013

Defensive driving was conducted by external

agency M/S MISRI road safety trainer

62Samakhiali

Gandhidham Road Project

01 day

323.12.2013 & 24.12.2013

Behavioural Based Safety Training Programme

40 AJMRP 02 days

Transportation Infrastructure


Mr. M.K.Singh EHS Head - Delhi Cluster received Safety Award 2013 by the Safety and Quality Forum (SQF) of Institution of Engineers (India) at a ceremony called

the 28th Indian Engineering Congress which was held at Chennai.

Heavy Civil Infrastructure

A warm welcome to L&T familyHelmet Magazine is glad to welcome Mr. Stephen Phillip Storey, Head – EHS of Heavy Civil Infrastructure IC. Stephen is a chartered member of the Institute of Occupational Safety & Health (CMIOSH) and has been a full corporate member since 1996. Stephen is also currently on the board of directors at the International Safety Quality Environmental

management Association (ISQEM) as Director of Research & Development.

Mr. Stephen has over 20 years of professional experience in

Health & Safety management with expertise in construction feasibility studies, design, corporate governance and risk management, in highways, transportation, tunnels & bridges, high rise construction.

Stephen has gained a rich and invaluable experience working both within UK and in international markets on some of the world’s most complex projects located in Europe, Middle East, and Asia Pacific. He has worked with major corporates and blue-chip organizations in client, consultant and contractor roles such as London Underground, Black & Veatch, ABB, Parsons Brinkerhoff, Nakheel, Abu Dhabi Future Energy Company, and West Kowloon Terminus JV-Hong Kong. Prior to joining L&T, Stephen was working with Samsung C&T in South Korea as QHSE GM based in Seoul HQ managing global operations.

The Helmet Magazine welcomes him and wishes him the very best in all his future endeavors.

Kakrapar Atomic Power ProjectFebruary 2010 to December 2013

Vizag Vessels ProjectNovember 2011 to December 2013

Badarpur Faridabad DMRCFebruary 2012 to December 2013

DMRC CC-17 ProjectAugust 2012 to December 2013

DMRC – CMC1 Project July 2010 to December 2013

Punatsangchhu HEPJune 2013 to December 2013

Bangalore MetroMay 2011 to December 2013

DMRC CC 28December 2012 to December 2013

3812118

754





Sl No. Date Programme Location Day/Hours

115th Oct to 9th Nov

2013Labour Skill Development Training by

M/S. LabournetDMRC CC 28

26 Day (4 Hours Per Day)

2 18th Oct 2013Working at height and safe use of

Safety Harness Training by M/S Life Gear

CMRL UG Project 1 Day

330th Oct to 01st

Nov ‘133-Day Training on Safety in Launching

Girder Operations.Hyderabad Metro

Project3 Day

4 15th Nov 2013Defensive Driving for Drivers by

M/s. Arbrit Safety SolutionDMRC CC 27 2 Day

520th Nov to 21st

Nov 2013Safe Crane Operation for Operators by

M/s. North Star AgencyHyderabad Metro

Project2 Day

6 26th Nov 2013Height Work & Rescue Training by

M/s. KaramDMRC CC 28 ½ Day

7 27th Nov 2013She Leadrship Trainingfor Managers

by M/s. Safety CatchCMRL UG Project 1 Day

8 27th Nov 2013Defensive Driving for Drivers by

M/s. Reddy Driving InstituteHyderabad Metro

Project1 Day

9 07th Dec 2013Hazard Identification & Risk

Assessment Training by M/s. Safety Catch

CMRL UG Project 1 Day

10 17th to 18th Dec 2013Two Days Training on ‘Construction

EHS Requirements’Hyderabad Metro

Project2 Day

11 18th Dec 2013In-House Training Program on ‘Safety

in Launching Girder’Kolkata Metro Project ½ Day

12 21st & 22nd Dec 2013Two Days Training on ‘Construction

EHS Requirements’Kakrapar Atomic

Power Plant Project2 Day

Heavy Civil Infrastructure

37HELMET Oct - Dec 2013Water & Renewable Energy

Storm Water Drainage Project, Jabalpur October 2010 to December 2013

Hogenikkal Water Supply & Flourosis – mitigation Project Pkg. 5, WSD BU- KrishnagiriJuly 2011 to December 2013

Storm Water Drainage & Reservoir – Paradip Refinery Project IOCLJune 2010 to November 2013

Punjab Water Supply & Sewerage Scheme Jalandhar & Hoshiarpur ProjectDecember 2010 to December 2013

Trans Varuna Sewerage Work, VaranasiNovember 2009 to December 2013

Nalgonda Underground Drainage & Water Supply Scheme – NalgondaJuly 2007 to November 2013

Underground Drainage & Water Supply Improvement Scheme- NizamabadMarch 2008 to November 2013

Nellore Water Supply Improvement Scheme – NelloreFebruary 2008 to November 2013

12

5 4




Date Name/Subject of the Training Program Trainer NameDuration

(Days/hours)No. of

participants

04-Oct P&M Safety, Mumbai V.Balaji 1

Oct 7 & 8 Pravas, Mysore V.Balaji 2 33

04-Dec IPM,Chennai V.Balaji 1 10

Dec 5 & 6 Construction Safety Programme, Hyderabad V.Balaji 1 24

16-Dec EHS Competence Building workshop, HQ V.Balaji 1 25

Dec 20 & 21 Construction Safety Programme, Jodhpur P.Mathivanan 2 20

Dec 26 & 27 Construction Safety Programme, ChennaiV.Balaji, S. Anantha Prasanna Venkatesh

2 25


Making sites electrically safe

Electrical safety is a major concern at all construction sites since any electrical power, installed at a construction site can injure and kill workers

unless several basic precautions and safety procedures are followed. When electricians perform work on electrical equipment in accordance with basic safety measures, risks are minimal.

Electrical hazardsSome of the common electrical hazards found in a construction site are overhead power lines, working on ‘hot’ ‘energized’ circuits, grounding plugs for all electrical cords and falls from working overhead. Ladders, scaffolding and materials less than 10 feet from power lines risk contact, and in turn, may electrocute anyone using them.

Electrical hazards are classified as primary and secondary hazards.

Primary hazards1. Electric Shock

2. Electric Fire and

3. Electric Burns

Secondary hazards1. Persons Falling from Height and

2. Dropping of Tools and Objects

Electric ShockElectric shock is sudden and accidental stimulation of the human body’s nervous system as a result of passage of electric current

The shock occurs due to an electrical passage of two different voltages at the same time such as Phase to Phase, Phase to Ground and Phase to Neutral.

The severity of shock depends on the following parameters:

1. Body Resistance

2. Duration of Flow

3. Path of Flow

4. Amount of Current

5. Area and Grip of Contact

6. Voltage

Effects of current levels in human body shock protection measures

Current Reaction

UPTO 1 mA Barely perceptible sensation

1 to 2 mA Irritating current threshold

2 to 7 mA Vigorous muscle nerve reaction

7 to 10.5 mA (women)

Finger muscles convulse, may not be able to relinquish grip on live conductor9 to 15 mA (men)

15 to 20 mAConvulsion, subject freezes to conductor

20 to 30 mA Restriction of breathing begins

30 to 50 mAMay withstand current without losing consciousness

50 ma to 150 mAExtreme pain, respiratory arrest, severe muscle reactions. Death is possible.

1 A to 4.3 ARhythmic pumping action of heart ceases. Muscular contraction and nerve damage occur. Death is likely.

10 ACardiac arrest, severe burns. Death is probable

y Isolate the areas of live electrical lines through Visible Warning Signage, LOTO (Lock out Tag out System), Authorised Electricians on the Job, Use only Over Head / Underground passage of Electrical lines

y Use only low voltage tools and equipment such that the severity of shock is reduced

Severity of Shock

Resistance

Path of Flow

Area & Grip of Contact

Duration of Flow

Amount of Current

Voltage

Water & Renewable Energy


y Always use double insulated electrical lines

y Ensure that all equipment are earthed properly and is inspected periodically with qualified electricians

y Ensure that all electrical connections are routed through the Residual Current Circuit Breaker (RCCB 30 mA) and checked regularly

The following actions are to be made to ensure electrical hazards are under control:

i. Only licensed electricians shall be allowed to work on electrical systems

ii. Ensure that all power supply cables are laid properly and neatly so that they do not pose risk to persons working

iii. Access to electrical panels/switches shall not be blocked. Rubber mat shall be placed in front of all electrical panels. Fire extinguisher shall be kept near every electrical panel and temporary switch boards. Danger board and CPR* chart shall be displayed.

iv. All temporary distribution boards/ kiosks put up at work site shall be suitably protected from rain and the level of same shall be high enough to avoid contact with water due to water logging

v. Distribution boards at the construction site shall have the means of electrical isolation outside the cabinet, must be protected by fuses or circuit breakers and an RCD*, must have lockable doors and must be earthed / grounded

vi. Allow only correctly rated HRC* fuses. Use rated tools/gloves while removing/fixing fuses

vii. Ensure that only industrial type extension boards and plug sockets are used

viii. Residual current circuit breaker (RCCB-30 mA) shall be used on all extension cords. All extension cords shall have third wire grounding conductor installed

ix. Electrical equipment must be switched-off and disconnected from the power supply before carrying out any repair or maintenance. LOTO* and PTW* is mandatory to work on electrical systems

x. All electrical equipment, except for double insulated power tools, must be effectively earthed

CPR: Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation

RCD: Residual Current Device

FDB: Fuse Distribution Board

PDB: Power Distribution Board

SDB: Sub Distribution Board

HRC: High Rupture Capacity,

LOTO: Lock Out Tag Out

PTW: Permit To Work

ELR: Earth Leakage Relay

Fuse Distribution Box (FDB)

Earth Leakage Relay (ELR) in SDB

Double door rain protected (DB)

All electrical connection shall be routed through RCCB & checked regularly

V.BalajiHead – EHS, W&RE IC

Water & Renewable Energy


IE-Bhushan Steel Limited June 2008 to November 2013

BTTL - Tezpur - Assam (PGCIL) Project September 2009 to December 2013

765 kV Wardha – Aurangabad TL ProjectsJanuary 2012 to December 2013

3X660 MW Super Critical Thermal Power Plant, TSPL, Mansa (Punjab) May 2011 to September 2013

EBOP & TC for 6X660 MW SUMPP Phase-1, Sasan September 2011 to September 2013

2X700 MW STPP RajpuraMarch 2010 to September 2013

400/220 KV S/S Warora April 2010 to December 2013

765 kV Dharamjaygarh Switching Station - PGCIL March 2012 to October 2013

RE-Projects in Jalpaiguri under BRGF SchemeNovember 2012 to December 2013

BRGF – Malda (Package – 15 & 17) July 201 to December 2013

245 KV GIS Saki August 2010 to December 2013

765 kV D/C Varanasi Kanpur Transmission Line June 2013 to December 2013

9432

Helmet congratulates the following sites for achieving one million and more LTI free safe man-hours


1


DateName / Subject of the Training Programme

Trainer NameDuration

(days/hours)No. of

Participants

04-06.11.2013Gang Leader Training

for APDRP ProjectsAloke Chatterjee, Biplab Roy & Asif Inon 3 days 30

07-08.11.2013Safety Stewards Training for TL

Aloek Chatterjee, Asif Inon, Sukhen Nandy, Sabyasachi Pradhan and St. John Ambulance

2 days 12

13-14-11.2013Safety Stewards Training for TL

Aloek Chatterjee, Asif Inon, Sukhen Nandy, Sabyasachi Pradhan and St. John Ambulance

2 days 15

20-12-2013Safety in Industrial

Electrification Mr.J.Johnson David & Mr.Manoj Pawar 1 day 19

Power Transmission & Distribution


Construction dust is not just a nuisance; it can seriously damage health and regularly breathing these dusts over a long time can cause lungs diseases.

There are three main types of dust:

y Silica Dust – It is created while working on silica-containing materials like concrete, mortar and sandstone (also known as respirable crystalline silica or RCS);

y Wood Dust – It is created while working on softwood, hardwood and wood-based products like plywood;

y Lower Toxicity Dusts – It is created while working on materials containing very little or no silica. The most common include gypsum, limestone, marble and dolomite.

Health risks Some of the main dust-related diseases affecting construction workers are:

y Lung Cancer

y Silicosis

y Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

y Asthma

Some lung diseases, like advanced silicosis or asthma, can develop quite quickly. However, most of these diseases take a long time to develop. Dust can build-up in the lungs and harm a person gradually, over time because it is not immediately obvious and by the time it is noticed, it may have assumed serious proportions. Construction workers are prone to developing such diseases as construction sites have huge levels of dust. Over 500 construction workers are believed to die from exposure to silica dust every year.

The law The Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002 (COSHH) cover activities which may expose workers to construction dust.

There are three key things:

y Assess (the risks)

y Control (the risks)

y Review (the controls)

Assess (the risks) Assess - The risks are linked to the work and materials

y Task – high-energy tools like cut-off saws, grinders and grit blasters produce a lot of dust in a very short time

Construction kicks up a lot of dustWays to control it



y Work Area – dust will build-up more in an enclosed space

y Time – the longer the work takes, the more the dust created

y Frequency – regularly doing the same work day after day increases the risks

Control the dust There are two main ways by which dust can be controlled

y Water – water dampens dust clouds

y On-tool extraction – removes dust as it is being produced. It is a type of Local Exhaust Ventilation (LEV) system that fits directly onto the tool. This ‘system’ consists of several individual parts – the tool, capturing hood, extraction unit and tubing. It is however, important to use an extraction unit to the correct specification (i.e. H (High) M (Medium) or L (Low) Class filter unit)

y Respiratory protective equipment (RPE) Water or on-tool extraction may not always be appropriate or they might not reduce the exposure enough as per the compliance levels. Very often respiratory protection (RPE) also needs to be provided. RPE has an Assigned Protection Factor (APF) which shows how much protection it gives the wearer. The general level for construction dust is an APF of 20. This means that the wearer only breathes one twentieth of the amount of dust in the air.

Other controls y Limiting the number of people near the work area

y Rotating tasks

y Enclosing the work area to stop dust from escaping

y General mechanical ventilation to remove dusty air from the work area

y Selecting work clothes that do not keep hold of / attract dust

Review (the controls) y Having procedures in place to ensure that work is done in

the right way

y Checking whether controls are effective. Does the work still seem dusty? If so, carry out dust exposure monitoring

y Involving workers to help identify problems and find solutions

y Maintaining equipment:

¾ Follow instructions in maintenance manuals

¾ Regularly look for signs of damage. Make repairs.

¾ Replace disposable masks in line with manufacturer’s recommendations

¾ Properly clean, store, and maintain non-disposable RPE

y Supervising workers. Make sure they:

¾ Use the controls provided

¾ Follow the correct work method

¾ Attend any health surveillance where it is needed

Kumar Shailendra Head-EHS, Power Transmission &

Distribution (Domestic)



Re-accreditation of PT&D (D) ICPT&D (D) IC has re-accredited for Integrated Management System (IMS) i.e., Quality Management System ISO - 9001: 2008, Environment Management System ISO - 14001: 2004 & Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems BS OHSAS 18001: 2007.

The certificate was handed over by Mr. Vinod Kumar (BVQI) to Mr. J.S. Sudarsan, Executive Vice President & Head- Power Transmission & Distribution along with senior staff members on 8th January 2014 at HQ.

Benefits of Accreditation

ISO- 14001:2004:

It provides practical tools to identify and control environmental impact and constantly improve environmental performance. It helps in:

y Reducing cost of waste management

y Savings in consumption of energy and materials

y Improve corporate image among regulators, customers and the public

BS OHSAS 18001: 2007

It helps in:

y Creating best possible working conditions

y Identifying hazards and its control

y Reducing workplace accidents and illness

y Demonstrating compliance on Occupational Health, Health and Safety, Occupational Hygiene, Counselling and Psychology to customers and suppliers

ISO-9001:2008

It helps in:

y Increasing productivity, reducing unnecessary costs, and ensuring quality of processes and products

y Business efficiency and customer satisfaction

y Creating greater motivation and dedication

Scope of Certification: Management of Environment, Occupational Health & Safety requirements at Project sites and Cluster offices (Bengaluru, Chennai, Delhi, Jaipur, Kolkata, Lucknow, Mumbai, Nagpur, Raipur) for all Business Units.


44 HELMET Oct - Dec 2013 Power Transmission & Distribution (I)

Best practice Desert survival kitAs a proactive measure to work in desert areas, project A10325 of UAE has identified and implemented for use, a desert survival kit which includes 21 key contents including folding shovel, towing rope, D-shackle, first aid kit, air compressor etc.,. This kit can be extremely useful in case any vehicle gets stuck-up in sand dunes and for emergency purposes.

Antony Baskar EHS Manager

United Arab Emirates

GTC/371/2010 - Qatar Power Transmission Expansion Phase 10 – Substations, Qatar

ADPC 1001-272 - Khalifa Port & Industrial Zone 33/11kv Electrical Substations Project, UAE

21033091/00 – HHR, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

N -11446 - LOT 2.2 Bab 2 to Habshan 5 and & LOT 2.3 Asab 2 Stations to Shah, UAE 220kV OHL Works

N 5629.1 - Sudah Port, UAE 132/33 KV Substation Project

N-8033 – Kalba, UAE New 132/33kV Substation Kalba

6

4

2

Helmet congratulates the following sites for achieving two million and more LTI free safe man-hours


45HELMET Oct - Dec 2013Power Transmission & Distribution (I)

To enhance the

corporate social

responsibility policy

of Larsen & Toubro, PT&D

projects had joined and

affiliated with EEG (Emirates

Environmental Group) in

UAE. An NGO that participates

in the United Nations Global

Compact, (UNGC) which is

recognized as the world’s

largest voluntary initiative

on CSR and Sustainability.

EEG brings together over

hundreds of business and

non-business participants in

all UAE regions.

30th September 2013 was a memorable moment of L&T PT&D accepting the full pledge as member of the organization. The group had joined awareness programs to align with UN route to restore and minimize changes in our environment.

Awareness camps on causes and controls to mitigate climate change, corporate water footprint, recycling and recently the cleanup campaign where 3 separate areas of Abu Dhabi, Ras Al Khaimah and Dubai had seen good success.

EEG had successfully invited hundreds of companies and sponsor’s along with media groups. All were encouraged to collect unwanted and foreign materials while enjoying the beauty of nature. This initiatve attracted all ages from school children to adults of different nationalities.

The team from L&T’s PT&D IC had a fantastic time at the clean-up campaign and returned back with a strong resolve of continuing to reflect this care for nature in their daily lives for the sake of the future generations.

P.V.Kaliappan EHS Gulf Head, United Arab Emirates

Clean-up campaign

RAS AL KHAIMAH: December 11, 2013, 20 participants from FEWA E11 project.

ABU DHABI: December 4, 2013, 20 participants from Transco project, ADDC project, Gasco project and Abu Dhabi main office.

DUBAI : December 12, 2013, 20 participants from Sharjah main office, Dubai Airport C4 project and DEWA project.

46 HELMET Oct - Dec 2013 Power Transmission & Distribution (I)

To achieve a unified outcome towards the global goal of preserving mother earth, it is important that as a community and organization, we should understand

the facts, figures, immediate and long term action plans that are scientifically studied and reviewed by experts around the globe with help of United Nation. This is the exact reason why L&T’s PT&D (International) IC has been a part of community lectures conducted by Emirates Environmental Group (EEG).

Reducing carbon emission was one of the memorable milestones of the organization by making sure that as a corporate company, we create awareness and encourage to make sure that all equipment that has possibility of producing carbon are adequately maintained and if possible reduce the usage by substituting it through other ways.

Awareness on reasons behind climate change, its impact and proposed solutions for mitigation is being created. Nowadays, the effects of climate change are visible and recognizable. This indicates that change is rapidly affecting the earth. Therefore there is a pressing need to act fast.

Protecting our earth comes with plenty of angles to consider. There is no specific and single solution to solve such problems. It should be a helping hand-in-hand with monitoring systems to address cause of the problem.

One of the known actions is the awareness on recycling, reducing and conserving resources. We can now understand that awareness on such areas is good but is happening in a slow phase. People do understand but have difficulty in implementing it. That is because this should become a part of culture where everybody will implement recycling, reducing and conserving of resources in their normal daily lifestyle.

In relation to conserving resources, L&T’s PT&D IC (International) had been a part of a lecture where it focuses on water foot print. It is essential to know how much water we are using especially as an organization. As an organization, we need to set a based line to know if we conserve or consume more.

Therefore, monitoring usage on water, fuel and even recycling materials are being recorded. It is being incorporated with project targets to make sure that specific and acceptable percentage is set as an alarm. So far, the management had decided to set a target not exceeding a normal activity consumption of 5 percentages.

Dr Ravi Kumar Rajappan EHS Manager


47HELMET Oct - Dec 2013Power Transmission & Distribution (I)

Conducting a specialized study is an essential strategy to prevent incidents in Oil & Gas field projects. The main objective is to undertake the HAZID (Hazard

Identification), ENVID (Environmental Identification) and OHRA (Occupational Health Risk Assessment)study early-on in the project life to identify key issues for resolution.

The study will identify hazards, risk including control and mitigation measures for all project phases that aims to conclude a risk level to as low as reasonably practicable (ALARP) such as;

y Conceptual design and feed y Engineering procurement and construction (EPC) y Operation y Decommissioning-disposal.

The workshop studied on a based line from previous ADNOC/GASCO standard checklist, industries best standards and ADNOC Codes of Practices on Occupational Health Risk Management [OHRM] (ADNOC-COPV3-01 version 3, May 2013) including local and international standards. Though the study is not intended to be totally exhaustive, a constant feedback from users is preferred to maintain the most effective current working version checklist. The checklist sample guide word are hydrocarbons (unrefined / refined), explosives, pressures, differences in height, object under induced stress, dynamic situations, natural environment, electricity, physical, and toxic atmosphere which are relevant to the project.

To make it simpler, the hazards were studied under the stages such as external and environmental hazards, facility hazards, health hazards, project implementation issues, environment aspect from planned and unplanned activities (air quality, noise,solid waste generation and disposal, liquid discharge and disposal, ecology, OHRA physical, chemical,biological, ergonomics, psychosocial.

After such analyses, it was sub-divided into another level of hazards such as natural and environmental hazards, created (man-made) hazards, effect of the facility on the surroundings, infrastructure, and lastly environmental damage. Also, facility hazards were sub-divided again into:

y Control Methods/Philosophy y Fire and Explosion Hazards y Process Hazards y Utility Systems y Maintenance Hazards y Construction/Existing Facilities

y Implementation issues such as contracting strategy

Benefits of using HAZID / ENVID / OHRA review

1. Full recognition of the importance and interdependence of all HSE aspects at the outset of the development.

2. The potential to affect major changes to philosophy / design at very early stage before significant financial commitment is made.

3. Identification of specific hazards and threats within a project life cycle.

4. An opportunity to consider the HSE implication of alternative process design as part of the selection process between possible design options.

5. Identification of all the intended emissions from the facility. This will focus the design effort on the minimization of such emissions as well as on compliance with Company and legal requirements.

6. Identification of processes or tasks that might pose health risks to personnel. Establish an inventory on chemical, biological and physical agents which are potentially hazardous to health.

S. Nellaiappan EHS Manager, GASCO Project,


Project HSE studiesGASCO 5273 - 220kV / 132kV package unit substation and 33kV substation - Al Maha camp, Abu Dhabi


A clean workplace is also a safe workplace

Housekeeping is one of the major functions in creating an incident free workplace. It plays a role of stimulating the work force to work safely and

comply to procedures since tidiness encourages legitimate performance. Several accidents are caused by people tripping, slipping and falling over material and equipment which have been left lying around. A number of environmental problems could be avoided if materials are disposed off properly instead of being allowed to escape into the surrounding area. This is one area where everyone on a project site can make a significant contribution to environment, health and safety.

Below are some basic tenants to act upon:

1. Check whether housekeeping is at acceptable levels before commencing work. If not, proper housekeeping should be done.

2. Ensure all wastes are disposed in the correct skip/bin.

3. Do not obstruct gangways, aisles or stairways with tools or material.

4. Make sure that the working area is free from obstruction and remove unnecessary material before start of work.

5. Make sure that spilled oil, grease or liquids are cleaned up from floors and the contaminated clean-up material is disposed in the correct skip/bin.

6. Position all cables and hoses out of the way. Wherever possible, do not lay them across a pedestrian walkway.

7. If not possible, provide protection to the cable by means of wooden planks.

8. Temporary trailing cables to be organized properly to avoid tripping hazards.

9. Look out for sparks and hot slag falling from welding, cutting and other hot work and make sure that people below are protected and covered by use of fire blankets.

10. An accumulation of waste material provides a good starting point for fire. Do not let it happen.

11. Ensure that the waste disposal area is kept tidy and containers are removed in adequate time to prevent spillage.

Individually or as a group: everybody has to comply to the following:

1. Do not leave rubbish lying about - clean up as one leaves

2. Do not obstruct gangways, aisles or stairways with tools or materials.

3. Gather up any unwanted materials before start of work and dispose in the skip/bin.

4. Never place any equipment or material where there is no security personnel to monitor it.

An attitude to maintain good housekeeping will not only prevent incidents but also develop a positive behavior to act proactively. It requires a commitment from the company and individuals to make sure that such principles continue to nurture the EHS culture.

Nick Abalde EHS Manager,

C4 Airport Project

Power Transmission & Distribution (I)


Safe piling operation

Pile is a deep foundation that are used where soil in shallow depth does not provide enough bearing reaction to support a heavily loaded pier, column

or other member that transfer loads (moment, axial load or lateral thrust etc.).

In specifying the use of piles, the designer should be aware of, and assess the risks from, the following principal hazards. Where these risks cannot be eliminated or reduced during the design process, the planning engineer has to transmit this information via the pre-tender health and safety plan to the prospective principal contractors (Specialized agency). The prospective principal contractors must outline the control measures proposed in respect of these ‘significant hazards’. When the project reaches the construction phase, the principal contractor must control the hazards and risks as outlined in his construction phase plan.

Some possible hazards and risks y Health hazards such as contact with contaminated risings

or groundwater and contact with hazardous materials or dusts.

y Noise, Vibration (HAVS/WBVS), Dust, etc. y Contact with plant or machinery during lifting, slewing

and pitching of piling elements, the movement of piling rigs, etc.

y Plant instability caused by gradients, variable ground conditions, and/or inadequate bearing capacity

y Hazards of buried or overhead services y Collapse of excavations, nearby structures y Slip, trip and fall of man or materials

Issues to be considered y Ground conditions y Identified buried features including cables and pipelines y Stability of adjacent structures, in terms of foundations

and superstructures

Safety considerations during the piling operation

y The stability of the surrounding structures is a prime safety consideration

y All underground services should be located by utilities detectors i.e. cable detectors, gas pipeline tracers, etc. and made safe. A careful investigation should be undertaken to ensure there are no cellars, underground water courses, or ground conditions, which could lead to hazardous situations.

y No objection certificates should be obtained from all concerned authorities prior to start of piling operations.

y All workers on the operation should be trained in the particular ‘Method Statement’ to be used.

y All cranes, lifting appliances and lifting gear must have appropriate test certificates proving periodic statutory examination and must be adequate for the job on hand.

y Such equipment (Pile Rig, Crawler cranes, Vibro hammers, Back hoe loader etc.) should be placed on a firm level base and /or crane footing mats should be used.

y All heavy vehicular movements should be controlled by trained and competent riggers/bank-man only.

y Consideration should be given to the risk of damage to lifting gear from sharp edges.

y Noise and vibration are particular hazards and all persons associated with the operation should wear the appropriate protective clothing and equipment such as hard hats, eye and hearing protection.

Relevant Legislation

y Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998 (LOLER 98)

y Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 (PUWER 98)

y Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regulations 1992 y Abu Dhabi EHSMS Regulatory Framework, Code of

Practice EHS RI – CoP 46.0 Version 2.0 February 2012

M. Vasudevan EHS In charge-FEWA E11 Project, UAE



EHS leading & lagging indicators Accumulated Statistics from April 2013 to Dec 2013

Analyzing the EHS Leading & Lagging indicator data are crucial to inculcate accurate preventive measures and controls for achieving EHS goals.

Leading Indicator Analysis

As per Frank Bird’s theory, identifying the most common near miss occurrence will guide us to create actions to prevent it from happening again and avert any major incident also. In line with the last three quarters’ near miss statistics of GCC PT&D projects, we could conclude that it is necessary to take action on unsafe acts done by individuals. i.e., it is due time to strength in the EHS awareness, behavior based trainings as well as provide strict disciplinary actions to individuals.

Also, analysis of EHS Audit Nonconformance Report (NCR) and Observations are equally important like conducting an EHS management system audit. This analysis will guide us on where we need a focus. As per the analysis, compliance to legal requirements and implementation, adequate engineering controls for hazard elimination will significantly improve the EHS management system.

Lagging indicator analysis

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Legal RequirementsEngineering Control

EducationInspection System

MotivationDocumentation

Waste ManagementWelfare

GCC PT&D Audit NCR's & Observations Statistics

0 5 10 15 20 25

Fall of loose material from Height

Slip and fall

Unsafe act of individual

Chemical Storage & handling

Unsafe operation of Plant & machinery

Inadequate PPE

GCC PT&D Near Miss Statistics

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

Fall from heightSlip & Fall on level

Fall of MaterialsPressed between Objects

Hit by ObjectsStruck against object

Contact with Hot ObjectsForeign body in eye

Heat StressOthers

GCC PT&D First Aid Statistics


It is also helpful to study the statistics of first aid cases. We can provide adequate control measures on specific activities to highlight the said analysis. For example, the first aid cases caused by ‘hit by an object’. This shows that during lifting activity, either manual lifting or using lifting equipment, workers not related to such activity were not restricted or workers who are actually doing the lifting activity are not focused on the task. To prevent such incidents, it is necessary to barricade areas where lifting activity is ongoing and if risk is high, it is imperative to provide flagman. Toolbox meetings and awareness talks shall go along way with these measures.

B. Rajagopal EHS Manager


Severe Injury or Fatality

Major Injury

Damage in Property

Near miss


Setting global benchmarks

Saudi ARAMCO is one of the prestigious clients in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia who is very keen on maintaining safety standards to world-class

levels. The client has established key safety requirements and guidelines that need to be complied to. The requirements and guidelines have been divided into 2 criteria such as:

y Rules and Regulations

y Contractor EHS Requirements

Rules and Regulations

y Construction Safety Manual (CSM Revision #: 5, October, 2011)

y General Instructions (GI)

y Plant Safety Manuals, if the activity inside in any operating facility

Contractor EHS requirements

y Contractors shall submit for approval a Contractor Site Safety Program (CSSM), previously called Loss Prevention Program, to Loss Prevention Department (LPD).

y It is required to deploy safety staff to all activities that complies the ratio guidelines given by the client.

y The contractor shall conduct and create a Hazard Identification Plan (HIP).Basically, HIP is not similar to Risk Assessment (RA).

y Also, the contractor shall organise and create an Emergency Response Plan (ERP), Heat Stress Plan (HSP), site layout plan, waste management plan.

y Apart from the above, contractors employing more than 50 people, shall contractually arrange a designated medical facility as per the requirement of Saudi ARAMCO Medical Services Organization (SAMSO).

There are special safety requirement such as;

y Job site safety log book shall be maintained at job site office.

y Contractor shall provide written evidence that its employees clearly have authority to stop their own work due to unsafe conditions or acts.

y Contractor shall provide a dedicated ambulance at each work site clinic.

y Camp accommodation rooms shall have not less than 50 sq.ft of air conditioned living area per person.

y A properly completed Confined Space Entry Permit (CSEP) shall be obtained to enter excavations equal to or greater than 1.2 m deep.

y Mechanical excavators shall not be used within 10 feet around underground utilities.

y Only specific manufacturers and brands of system scaffolding are permitted to be used.

y Full body harness shall withstand a load of support minimum 2,268 kg dead weight.

y Snap hooks and carabineers shall have self-closing and self-locking type for fall protection equipment.

y An arc flash suit shall be worn when working on or near electrical equipment.

y Man basket crane lift shall not be performed in wind speed exceeding 25 kilometers per hour.

y A scaffold plan shall be prepared and erected only by specialized scaffolding contractor for all scaffolds over 12.2 meters height.

A Mohammed Rafq Asst. EHS Manager, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

No of Employees

Safety Manager Required

Min. # Safety Supervisor(s)

Required

Ratio of Safety Officers to Employees

Present (min.)

1 – 25 No No None

26 – 50 No One (1) None

51 – 500 No One (1) 1 : 50

501 – 1,000 Yes1 for every 10 safety officers

1 : 50

1,001 – 5,000

Yes1 for every 10 safety officers

20 officers plus additional at

ratio of 1 : 100

5,000+ Yes1 for every safety 10 officers

60 officers plus additional at

ratio of 1 : 150



L&T believes that education is an effective way to cultivate people into the right culture and knowledge. The more a person knows about the risk or the result of non-compliance, the more he or she will be vigilant in following the same.

Choosing the right training to serve the purpose of reducing or even removing incidents and accident is one of the main challenges to an organization. PT&D (International)therefore aligns the trainings topics to the present activity’s risk and provides education on what appropriate control measures has to be put in. In this way, the EHS team ensures that

people know what to do to be safe and also become efficient in what they do.

Another key factor in conducting trainings is how much do the attendees absorb? Measuring it by on the spot questioning or even conducting an examination is an effective way.

0 2 4 6 8

Basic First Aid & Fire Warden

Construction Safety

Dust Inhalation

EHS Inspector

EHS Internship

EHS Plan Orientation

EHS Steward

Emergency Drill

Heat Stress

Housekeeping & Waste …

IMS Orientation

Induction

Man & Machine

Raft Concrete

Rigger

Scaffolding & Rigger

Work on Mountain Slope

Working at Height

UAE Trainings

0 2 4

H2S Awareness

First Aid Training

Hand safety

Fire safety at work

Fire Watch Training

Transformer placing(Onsite)

Heat Stress

Environmental Awareness

PPE Awareness

Defensive driving

Cable pulling & laying

Desert Hazard & UXO …

Working at Height

Safety devices are designed …

Loto Training

Kuwait Training

0 1 2

Safety in Construction

In House Training - Environmental Awareness

Mock Drill & Fire Extinguisher Training

Emergency mock drill

HSE In-House Training

Qatar Training

0 1 2 3 4

Case Study

KSA Training




Petroleum Development of Oman Conferred the HSE Shield for 1 year Injury free operation to LTO’s Power system upgrade Project

PDO HSE shield - 2013

In LTO, EHS is a core value which is reflected in our policy. We are committed to provide healthy & safe working atmosphere to employees & related parties.

This approach has led us to achieve an outstanding accomplishment of 1 year injury free operation in Power System Upgrade Project. PDO aptly recognized this milestone by presenting a HSE shield to Mr H. D. Jagam, Head (EHS) during the Monthly Contractor HSE Meeting.

It was awarded by Mr. Mohamed Al Aghbari – UIE (Utility infrastructure Electrical Head) & Mr. M. Al-Amri – UIE /5 – Contract Holder.

LTO also achieved 0.84 million Safe Man-hours in the same project adding another feather to the cap.

This project was awarded to LTO in March 2012 and the scope involves construction of New 132kV outdoor substation at Al Khalata, 132kV OHL LILO for Al Khalata SS (~6.6Km), 132kV OHL between Harweel – Thulailat (~68Km), Bay extension at Harweel & Thulailat 132kV SS, New 132kV outdoor substation at Al Amin -2, Modification at Murmul & Amalstream 132kV SS and Modification at Amin & Nimrwest 132kV.

“In LTO, working safely is the condition of employment and we strive to ensure that our safety values become part and parcel of life. This award reinstates our belief that all accidents are

preventable. All we need to do is to pay attention to what we are doing, to use our common sense and take time to do things in a correct way. This automatically becomes a safe way.” says Mr. P. R. Surendhra Babu, Chief Executive, LTO.

Mr. T. Madhava Das, VP &Head– PTD International Cluster - I and Mr. P. R. Surendhra Babu, Chief Executive, LTO congratulated the PDO team for achieving this commendable feat.

Larsen & Toubro Oman

54 HELMET Oct - Dec 2013 Larsen & Toubro Oman


EHS training for spouses

It was shocking news for all that 4 Omani family members were found dead on their bed in an early morning fire accident in Muscat. As per the authority, cause of death is due to carbon monoxide poisoning.

The company management not only stresses on ‘on the Job safety’ but also on ‘off the job safety’ for staff & their family members. In line with this, initial fire responses

training was organized for housewives on 4th October 2013 at corporate office, Ruwi, Muscat to appraise them about the risk of fire and carbon monoxide poisoning. A total of 22 spouses along with their children attended the programme and were benefitted.

Mr. Harshawardhan D. Jagam, Head of EHS handled the session and informed the participants about fire prevention and initial response in case of fire, kitchen fire, use of fire extinguisher, Health & Hygiene safety. He also demonstrated practical use of fire extinguisher to the members.

55HELMET Oct - Dec 2013Larsen & Toubro Oman

Traffic safety expo 2013

The Traffic Safety Expo 2013 is a special event for

the Sultanate of Oman. Larsen & Toubro (Oman) LLC

participated in the 3rd traffic safety Expo, held from

November 11 to 14, 2013 at the Oman International

Exhibition Centre.

The exhibition was organized by Oman Expo, in

collaboration with Royal Oman Police (ROP)under the

theme ‘Traffic safety is everyone’s responsibility’. The

expo was inaugurated by Mr. Ali bin Masoud Al Sunaidi,

Minister of Commerce and Industry.

The Traffic Safety Expo 2013 was aimed at eradicating

reckless driving behavior and stressing the importance of

human value. LTO is pleased to support this initiative as

we believe that road safety is a critical area of concern and

people should be positively influenced to bring down the

rate of accidents in the country. Larsen & Toubro (Oman)

LLC has partnered with Oman Traffic Expo in the 3rd

consecutive year.

Traffic Safety Expo 2013 brought senior government

officials, senior police representatives, fire and rescue

safety officers, local authorities, industry executives,

engineers, fleet managers, other road safety related

professionals, visitors and the media together under one

roof to promote the importance of human life and to

eradicate the carefree attitude prevalent among drivers

today.

“LTO is proud to be one of the participant and exhibitor for

this important national event as we believe in contributing

towards general society wellbeing and exhibiting our

commitment with regard to traffic / road safety in Oman.

We also believe that this event is beneficial to the general

public and employees in particular.


World diabetes day

World heart day

Diabetes, one of the most common diseases today is mostly a manifestation of an unnatural lifestyle, hence called ‘a modern lifestyle disease’. LTO organized a diabetes awareness program to mark the World Diabetes Day celebrations on November 17, 2013 at corporate office, Muscat.

Over 50 employees including senior official of LTO participated in the programme that included a one hour lecture on diabetes, its causes, preventions and how patients can maintain a healthy lifestyle.

Dr. Thashli Thankachen, Physician and Diabetologist, Apollo Clinic was called to deliver the lecture. Dr. Thankachen highlighted the reasons of diabetes and ways to prevent it. He stressed on maintaining a proper lifestyle such as regulation of food and sleep, right form of nutritious and balanced diet, right form of exercise (walking, yoga and meditation), avoiding toxicants like fast food and high calorie food items&maintaining the body weight. The doctor advised everyone to exercise daily, refrain from eating fast foods which is high in saturated fats, and develop healthy eating habits.

prevention and control of cardiovascular disease (CVD) with focus on women and children as healthy children lead to healthy adults and healthy adults lead to healthy families and communities.

Dr. Joshi, Cardiologist, Hatat Polyclnic, Muscat delivered a lecture on cardiovascular disease. He highlighted the dangers of heart diseases, heart strokes, high blood pressure, cholesterol, smoking, unhealthy food, obesity and importance of physical activities for keeping the heart healthy.

He also briefed the risk factors due to inadequate intake of fruits and vegetables, alcohol consumption and family history which contributes to heart diseases.

The doctor advised the participants to consume healthy food, a green rich diet, controlling salt intake, benefits of exercise particularly walking for 45 min/day for at least 5 days a week, not smoking, keeping an eye on cholesterol levels and monitoring the blood sugar levels.

To commemorate World Heart Day, L&T Oman celebrated the World Heart Day on 29th September 2013. This year, the theme of the WHD celebration is ‘Take the road to a healthy heart’. A life course approach to the

Larsen & Toubro Oman

57HELMET Oct - Dec 201357HELMET Oct - Dec 2013

Bhushan Steel Limited Site - Angul (M&M)January 2013 to December 2013

Vizag Steel Plant Expansion Project - BF # 3April 2009 to December 2013

Mahan Aluminum Plant (HINDALCO)-Singrauli December 2010 to December 2013

UAIL – Rayagada July 2011 to December 2013

Coal Handling plant for NTPC - BarhAugust 2006 to December 2013

Dhamra port ProjectApril 2007 to December 2013

Wheel Manufacturing plant at Chhapra February 2009 to December 2013

Can Mill Project Hirakud SiteJuly 2010 to December 2013

SAIL-Burnpur SiteFebruary 2010 to December 2013

JSPL AngulAugust 2012 to December 2013

BALCO - Korba November 2011 to December 2013

CHP-Mahan (HINDALCO), Singrauli January 2011 to December 2013

Bhilai Steel Plant Expansion Project - BF # 8 August 2010 to December 2013

Bhilai Steel Plant Expansion Project - SP # 3August 2010 to December 2013

Engineering Workshop Limited, Kanchipuram September 2011 to December 2013

Coal Handling plant, DVC – KodermaMarch 2008 to December 2013

Coal Handling plant, RajpuraDecember 2010 to December 2013

Aditya Alumina Lapanga April 2011 to December 2013

Pot Super Structure (HINDALCO), Mahan, Singrauli March 2010 to December 2013

DB Power CHP Project RaigarhDecember 2010 to December 2013

SSTPPL CHP Project, KhandwaSeptember 2012 to December 2013

NTPC- Barh, Phase-IIAugust 2010 to December 2013

HZL (Roaster-V), DaribaJuly 2011 to December 2013

GCEL CHP Project, RaipurJuly 2012 to December 2013

APML CHP-TirodaAugust 2012 to December 2013

CRM#2 & BRM#2 JSW BELLARYJune 2011 to December 2013

CHP (INDIABULLS) Nashik August 2012 to December 2013

CHP (INDIABULLS) AmaravatiMay 2010 to December 2013

4232

2620191817151211

11101065

4

3



Metallurgical & Material Handling 57HELMET Oct - Dec 2013


Some guidelines

y Avoid use of mobile phones whilst driving - Making or receiving a call, or even using a ‘hands free’ phone, can be distracting and could lead to an accident.

y Belt-up in the back too - In a collision, an unbelted rear passenger can be seriously injured or even killed apart from injuring those in the front

y Don’t drink and drive - Any amount of alcohol, even a small amount, can impair driving

y Drive slowly and carefully - At 35 mph one is twice as likely to kill a pedestrian than at 30 mph.

y Children - Children often act impulsively, hence the need to take extra care outside schools, near buses and ice cream vans when they might be around.

y Take a break - Tiredness is considered a major factor in more than 10% of road accidents. Plan to stop for at least a 15 minute break every 2 hours on a long journey.

y Walk safely - When crossing a road always use a pedestrian crossing if there is one nearby. Wear fluorescent or reflective clothing in poor light conditions to be easily seen.

y Be alert - Observe and anticipate other road users and use your mirrors regularly.

y Use car seats - Child and baby seats should be fitted properly and checked on every trip.

y Keep safe distance - Always keep a two second gap between you and the car in front.

Road safetyRoad accidents mostly occur due to recklessness,

carelessness, overconfidence, illiteracy among drivers,

scant respect for road safety regulations, jumping red

lights, wrong overtaking especially on the highways and

in cities. Drivers of large trucks often do not pay attention

to other road users. Some buses are not even fit to carry

passengers but are being used in highways and cities with

impunity.

Most vehicles are not equipped with workable speedometers

with the result over-speeding leading to accidents.

Overloading has become normal to the extent that buses

meant to take about four passengers on a row now take six

instead. All these factors contribute to many fatal accidents daily.

The personal loss

Accidents cause unnecessary loss of lives, anguish and

trauma for the families and near and dear ones of the

deceased. They seek explanations: How did it happen?

Why did it happen? Could it have been prevented? Did

their loved one in some way contribute to the incident?

Accidents often rob a family of its bread-winner leaving

it well-nigh destitute. The lamentable truth is that all this

can be avoided if road safety is followed rigorously by all

who use the road.

Metallurgical & Material Handling


A Safety Exhibition by L&T Construction (MMH IC) was conducted on 3rd January, 2014 at Conference Hall 3 & 4 of Godrej Waterside Building, Kolkata (12th floor). The exhibition showcased the latest safety gadgets, unique technological interventions on EHS, innovative safe procedures and various Personal Protective Equipment in the form of modules and poster presentations. This was organised as an initiative towards innovative safety interventions and spreading safety awareness among employees. Mr.D.M.Shah, Executive Vice

President & Head-MMH IC inaugurated the exhibition. Many senior executives were present during the inaugural function.

Various stalls displaying the latest safety interventions were set up. Mr. D.M.Shah visited all the stalls and appreciated the efforts taken by the EHS Dept. He also suggested arranging such exhibitions in all our project sites. Nearly 1050 staff members visited the safety exhibition.

Safety exhibition at MMH IC - HQ

Metallurgical & Material Handling

Edited by Mr. V.S. Ramana for L&T Construction from L&T Construction Headquarters, Manapakkam, Chennai - 600 089. The views expressed in this magazine are not necessarily those of the Management. The contents of this magazine may not be reproduced without the written permission of the Editor. Not for sale. Only for circulation among employees of L&T Construction.

25th Road Safety Week

The beginning of the 25th road safety week was

marked with rallies and awareness camps across

the country. India has reported the highest number

of road fatalities amongst all countries in the world.

With road related accidents being one of major cause

of loss of lives, it is only imperative that an increased

level of awareness among road users can go a long way

in preventing accidents. Ministry of Road Transport and

Highways observes 11th to 17th January as Road Safety Week

and has advised all concerned states and organizations to

conduct symbolic Walkathons.

Going in line with the theme for this year, ‘When on

the road, always say, You First’, the project sites across

L&T have planned numerous activities where staff and

workmen conducted rallies and marches to infuse this

theme to the road users.

At Chennai, a ‘Walkathon’ from Manapakkam to the busy

Porur junction was carried out on 12th of January. About

300 enthusiastic L&T’ites and their family members walked

from the office premises wearing bright yellow T-shirts

and caps, holding awareness banners on the importance

of adhering to road safety rules.

The staff and their family members gathered at the HQ

campus at about 9.00 a.m and were briefed about the

day’s activities by the safety heads of various ICs. After

administering the safety pledge, the group started the

Walkathon towards Porur. The group spread itself on four

directions of the ever-busy Porur junction, handing over

pamphlets on road safety. L&T’ites advised car users to

wear seat belts and two wheeler riders were educated on

the importance of wearing helmets. Even pedestrians were

informed on the importance of crossing the road in a more

responsible and safe manner.

The L&T‘ites were busying themselves at the junction for

over an hour and they walked back to the campus with

the same gusto and a fervent hope that they have infused

some awareness among road users which would go a long

way in saving the precious lives of many.

helmet - lntecc

Documents