HEMATOPOIETIC & LYMPHATIC SYSTEM - PHYSIOLOGY -

PULSE

1. A FEMALE WITH “A” BLOOD GROUP, GET MARRIED FROM A MALE WITH “O”

BLOOD GROUP, AND THEIR SON HAS “O” BLOOD GROUP, SO MOTHER GENOTYPE IS:

☐ O

☐ A

☐ AB

☐ AO

☐ AA

The father: ii, The mother: A? , The son: ii(one “i” from father and the second “i” is from the

mother)>>so the mother genotype is: Ai=AO

2. THE STRONGEST PHAGOCYTE CELLS:

☐ Macrophage and neutrophil

☐ Macrophage and eosinophil

☐ Lymphocyte and neutrophils

3. OMAR SAWAS WENT TO EVEREST MOUNTAIN FOR ABOUT A WEEK TO CAMP THERE,

HE USED TO LIVE IN ZARQA FOR ALL OF HIS LIFE , WHAT ARE CHANGE/S THAT WILL

HAPPEN :

☐ Viscosity decreases

☐ Alveolar Po2 increase

☐ Hepcidin synthesis will be Reduced

☐ Decrease RBC count

High altitude >> less O2>> increase RBC production >>

1- Increase viscosity

2- Decreased Hepcidin synthesis.

4. POLYCYTHEMIA WILL CAUSE ALL OF THE FOLLOWING EXCEPT:

☐ Increase cardiac output

☐ Increase blood flow

☐ Increase viscosity

POLYCYTHEMIA >>increase RBC>>increase VISCOSITY >>decreased BLOOD FLOW

5. WHICH IS WRONG ABOUT ABO SYSTEM :

☐ There is rapid hemolytic anemia against RH mediate by IG m

☐ In person with TYPE O well develop antibody against A and B

☐ You can transfer blood type A to blood type O

TYPE O give to all other type, but only receive from O.

6. FAILURES OF BLOOD RETRACTION DUE TO:

☐ Low platelet count

☐ Deficiency in factor XI

☐ Other causes rather than these

7. LIVER DISEASE LEAD TO:

☐ Prolonged clotting time

☐ Vitamin k deficiency

☐ Two answer correct

Clotting factor (2, 7, 9, 10) are being synthesized in the liver with the presence of vitamin k.

8. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS THE INCORRECT STATEMENTS :

☐ A little amount of factor 7 is usually active , but it's not functional without tissue factor.

☐ Tissue factor binds VIIa then activate factor X.

☐ Factor IX accelerate the activation of factor X.

☐ the tissue factor is expressed on the endothelial cell surface

Not sure

EHSAN

9. YOU FOUND A TUBE THAT IS FILLED WITH LIQUID, BUT YOU DON'T KNOW IF IT IS

PLASMA OR SERUM .WHAT SPECIFIC FINDING WILL ALLOW YOU TO DIFFERENTIATE

BETWEEN PLASMA AND SERUM?

☐ Gamma globulins

☐ Beta globulins

☐ Fibrinogenc

☐ Albumin

Serum = plasma- clotting factor

10. THE MAJOR CONSTITUENT OF PLASMA IS?

☐ Water

☐ Nutrients

☐ Electrolytes

11. VITAMIN B12 IS?

☐ Fat soluble vitamin

☐ Absorbed in the terminal ileum

☐ Composed of a pyridine ring

Vitamin B12: is water soluble>> absorbed in the terminal ileum+ intrinsic factor

12. THE FALSE STATEMENT REGARDING FOLIC ACID & B12 IS?

☐ Are absorbed in the jejunum & terminal ileum respectively

☐ Folic acid treatment will improve the neurologic defects caused by B12 deficiency.

☐ Both cause megaloblastic anemia.

13. POLYCYTHEMIA EFFECTS THE HEART BY?

☐ Increasing blood volume

☐ Decreasing blood flow

☐ Decreasing blood viscosity

14. HOW DOES THE EXTRINSIC PATHWAY OCCUR ?

☐ Blood trauma > prothrombin activator activates prothrombin to thrombin which will convert

fibrinogen to fibrin

☐ Tissue trauma

☐ Binding of factor VIII to factor IX to form factor X

15. ALL ARE VIT.K DEPENDENT FACTORS EXCEPT?

☐ VII

☐ IX

☐ X

☐ II

☐ V

Remember vitaminK is needed with the factors 1972 = 10, 9, 7, 2

16. REGARDING THE RH FACTOR GROUP WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS CORRECT?

☐ Both Rh+ & Rh don't have anti-d in their plasma in normal conditions

☐ If blood is transfused from an Rh+ to an Rh- , antibodies will form suddenly

☐ Maximal Anti-D is found at 8-10 years of age

17. AB+?

☐ The person has Anti-A,B,D in his plasma

☐ No agglutinogens are present on the RBCs surface

☐ Antigens A& B are present on the RBCs surf D-Anti for positive sace and the person test.

18. ANTI-A AND ANTI-B?

☐ Are present in the plasma of an AB group

☐ Mostly IgM

☐ A person with this feature cannot receive blood from an O group

19. IRON DEFICIENCY IN THE ELDERLY IS MAINLY DUE TO?

☐ Poor diet

☐ Gastrointestinal bleeding

☐ Hemolytic anemia

20. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS TRUE ABOUT THE HEMOLYTIC DISEASE OF

NEWBORN?

☐ It is common in Rh- children that are born to Rh+ mothers

☐ It occurs due to antibodies forming in the blood of the fetus

☐ It is prevented by giving the mother with anti-Rh after the first delivery

☐ It occurs in the first child

21. THE MOST COMMON CAUSE OF VIT B12 DEFICIENCY ANEMIA IN JORDAN:

☐ Malabsorption

22. SCREENING TEST FOR PLATELET FUNCTION FOR VON WILLEBRAND DISEASE:

☐ Bleeding time

23. HEMOLYTIC DISEASE OF NEWBORN:

☐ Could lead to hepatomegaly due to increase in hematopoiesis

24. VITAMIN K IS NEEDED BY THE LIVER FOR THE NORMAL SYNTHESIS OF:

☐ Prothrombin

2008\2009 QUESTION

25. WHICH ONE IS FALSE?

☐ PH of blood that is lower than 7.35 will lead to acidosis

☐ The normal production of clotting factors are in the liver

☐ A plasma is serum without clotting factor

☐ Blood viscosity is more than plasma viscosity due to RBC’s presence

26. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT THE FUNCTION OF BLOOD?

☐ Body pH and body temperature regulator

☐ Removal of waste products

☐ Transport carbon dioxide from lungs to tissues

☐ Immunological functions

27. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING WILL CAUSE AN INCREASE IN VISCOSITY?

☐ Low protein concentration

☐ Temperature above normal

☐ High blood flow

☐ 7 million RBC’s concentration

28. WHICH COMBINATION IS FALSE ABOUT THE PLACE OF RBC PRODUCTION?

☐ 2nd trimester>> Liver

☐ 4 year old child >> Long bones

☐ 1st trimester>> yolk sac

☐ 3rd trimester >> Spleen

☐ 20 year old woman>> breastbone

29. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT MEMBRANOUS BONES?

☐ Vertebrae

☐ Ileum

☐ Ribs

☐ Sternum

30. WHICH IS FALSE?

☐ IL-3 is a type of growth inducer

☐ Secretion of erythropoietin is dependent on tissue oxygenation

☐ Epinephrine increases erythropoietin secretion

☐ Erythropoietin is produced by liver and spleen

31. ERYTHROPOIETIN SECRETION WILL INCREASE WHEN THERE IS:

☐ Increase blood flow

☐ Hypoxia

☐ Anemia

☐ low hemoglobin

32. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS THE FUNCTION OF ERYTHROCYTES?

☐ Transport O2 in hemoglobin from peripheral tissues to the lungs

☐ Transport CO2 from the lungs to the tissues

☐ As a buffer due to high concentration of hemoglobin

☐ All

33. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS TRUE:

☐ Most of CO2 are carried from peripheral tissues to the lungs in the form of H2CO3

☐ A normal RBC will have thickness at the edges with 2.9 micrometers

☐ Concentration of O2 carried by a men is 20 ml while a women is approximately 19ml O2.

☐ A matured RBC does not has nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria or even cytoplasmic

enzymes

34. ANEMIA CAN BE CAUSED BY THE FOLLOWING FACTORS EXCEPT

☐ Intrinsic factors

☐ Aplastic Anemia

☐ Expose to X-rays

☐ Blood loss

35. CHOOSE THE CORRECT COMBINATION:

☐ Megaloblastic anemia - atrophy of mucosal stomach

☐ Pernicious anemia - extrinsic factor

☐ Sickle cell anemia- Hb S

☐ Thalassemia- B12 deficiency

36. ALL ARE THE POSSIBLE EFFECTS OF ANEMIA EXCEPT:

☐ Decrease tissue oxygenation

☐ Decrease cardiac output

☐ Heart failure

37. CHOOSE THE WRONG STATEMENT:

☐ A person in high altitudes can lead himself to suffer secondary polycythemia

☐ Polycythemia vera is due to cancerous mutations of bone marrow

☐ Phagocytosis and antibodies formation are done by WBC

☐ Production side of WBC are bone marrow and lymphoid tissue

☐ Lifespan of WBC ranges from few hours, few days or few months

38. WHICH IS NOT THE FUNCTION OF CYTOPLASMIC ENZYMES?

☐ Maintain cell membrane reliability

☐ Help in protein oxidation in RBC

☐ Keep irons of cells in ferrous form

☐ Membrane ion transport

39. CHOOSE THE WRONG COMBINATION:

☐ Amoeboid motion - type of motion used to transport WBC in the peripheral tissues

☐ Diapedesis - motion used to transport WBC from capillary to the outside

☐ Fibrinogen - clotting factors found in serum

☐ Phagocytosis - a selective process

40. ALL THE FOLLOWING CAN BE FOUND IN CYTOPLASM OF MACROPHAGES EXCEPT:

☐ Superoxide

☐ Lipase

☐ Anhydrase

☐ Hydrogen peroxide

☐ Lysosomes

☐ Increase pumping workload on the heart

41. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING COMBINATION IS WRONG:

☐ Alveolar macrophages- Lungs

☐ Tissue macrophages- Spleen

☐ Histiocytes macrophages - Cutaneous tissue

☐ Microglial cells- Brain

☐ Kupffer cells- Liver

42. ALL OF THE FOLLOWING ARE THE LINES OF DEFENSE OF WBCS EXCEPT:

☐ Neutrophile invasion

☐ Secondary macrophages

☐ Tissue macrophages

☐ Increase lymphocyte production in lymph tissue

43. ACTIVATED MACROPHAGES SECRETE ALL THE FOLLOWING FACTORS EXCEPT:

☐ IL-3

☐ TNF

☐ G-CSF

☐ M-CSF

44. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS TRUE?

☐ Pus is the formation of fluids and tissue debris along with dead WBCs

☐ Basophiles concentration is high in people with parasitic infection

☐ Heparin functions to allow blood coagulation

☐ People who take chemotherapy will have possibilities having leucopenia

☐ Basophiles are with mast cells in density, volume and molecular weight

45. HISTAMINE, BRADYKININ AND SEROTONIN ARE SECRETED AS SECONDARY

CHANGES OF INFLAMMATION BY:

☐ Eosinophil

☐ Basophil

☐ Lymphocytes

☐ Neutrophil

46. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS FALSE?

☐ IgE allergic reactions are played by basophiles

☐ Eosinophils are weak phagocytes

☐ Leukemia is uncontrolled production and cancerous mutation of WBCs

☐ Leukemic patients will suffer severe blood clots

47. CHOOSE THE CORRECT COMBINATION:

☐ Diapedesis- WBC movement through the infected tissue

☐ Ameboid motion- Leaving blood capillary and entering tissue spaces through pores

☐ Margination - WBC sticking to interior surface of blood capillary

☐ All

48. TISSUE DAMAGE WILL ACTIVATE LOCAL MACROPHAGES AS FIRST LINE OF DEFENSE

AND WILL GIVE DIFFERENT FACTORS THAT REGULATE PRODUCTION RATE OF BONE

MARROW. WHICH IS NOT ONE OF THEM?

☐ GM-CSF

☐ L-CSF

☐ M-CSF

☐ TNF

49. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS FALSE?

☐ In bleeding, reticulocytes’ concentration may reach 2-3%

☐ Hemoglobin formation begins in the proerythroblast stage

☐ Reticulocytes has remnants of nucleus, golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum

☐ Reticulocytes remain in circulation for 1-2 days before becoming matured RBCs

☐ None

50. WHICH IS A WRONG FORMATION IN THE PROCESS OF MAKING HEMOGLOBIN?

☐ 2 alpha chains + 2 beta chains = Hemoglobin A

☐ 4 pyrrole = 4 protoporphyrin IX

☐ heme + globin = hemoglobin

☐ 2 succinyl Co-A + 2 Glycine = 1 pyrrole

51. WHICH FACTORS ARE NOT CAUSING THE RELEASING OF OXYGEN WILL BE EASY?

☐ Hemoglobin combines with oxygen reversibly

☐ Oxygen has the ability to bind the coordination bonds of iron loosely

☐ Oxygen transport happens in ionic form

☐ Hemoglobin combines with oxygen loosely

52. IRON IS IMPORTANT IN FORMATION OF ALL EXCEPT:

☐ Catalase

☐ Cytochromes oxidase

☐ Cytochromes

☐ Hydrolase

☐ Peroxidase

53. WHICH IS TRUE?

☐ Iron absorption happens in liver

☐ Iron helps in forming some structures of enzymes

☐ Porphyrin portion of hemoglobin will be converted to hemosiderin

☐ Iron will be deposited in an insoluble form known as tranferrin

54. SMOOTH MUSCLE CONTRACTION IS A TYPE OF MECHANISM OF HEMOSTASIS. IT

OCCURS DUE TO:

☐ local autacoids factors

☐ local myogenic spasm

☐ pain nerve impulse

☐ All

55. PROTHROMBIN:

☐ An unstable plasma protein

☐ Formed by the liver

☐ Normal concentration is 15mg/dL and have 68 700 of molecular weight

☐ All

56. WHICH IS NOT TRUE ABOUT CALCIUM?

☐ Is a factor V

☐ Deionize by citrate ion

☐ Precipitate by oxalate ion

☐ Needed for blood clotting to occur

57. WHICH IS THE MECHANISM TO PREVENT BLOOD CLOTTING?

☐ Inhibition of anti-thrombin action

☐ Reduction of heparin production

☐ Presence of glycocalyx on endothelial cells

☐ All

58. WHICH CONDITION WILL NOT CAUSE EXCESSIVE BLEEDING?

☐ Hemophilia

☐ Pulmonary embolism

☐ Idiopathic thrombocytopenia

☐ Vitamin K deficiency

☐ Splenectomy

59. RIGHT EMBOLI WILL CAUSE ___________

AND LEFT EMBOLI WILL CAUSE ____________

☐ Blood flow stasis, pulmonary embolism

☐ Pulmonary embolism, cerebrovascular accident

☐ Cerebrovascular accident, arteriosclerosis

60. CHOOSE THE WRONG COMBINATION:

☐ Factor III - tissue thromboplastin

☐ Factor IX - Fletcher factor

☐ Factor X - Stuart factor

☐ Factor XII - Hageman factor

61. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING FACTORS DO NOT HAVE ANTIHEMOPHILIC FACTOR?

☐ Factor VIII

☐ Factor IX

☐ Factor X

☐ Factor XI

62. PROACCELERIN, LABILE FACTOR AND AC-GLOBULIN IS ASSOCIATED WITH:

☐ Factor V

☐ Factor VI

☐ Factor VII

63. PLASMA THROMBOPLASTIN ANTECEDENT (PTA) AND PLASMA THROMBOPLASTIN

COMPONENT (PTC) ARE ASSOCIATED WITH:

☐ Factor XI, factor IX

☐ Factor X, factor VIII

☐ Factor IX, factor VII

64. SERUM PROTHROMBIN CONVERSION ACCELERATOR (SPCA), PROCONVERTIN AND

STABLE FACTORARE ASSOCIATED WITH:

☐ Factor V

☐ Factor VI

☐ Factor VII

65. ANTIHEMOPHILIC GLOBULIN (AHG) IS ASSOCIATED WITH:

☐ Factor VII

☐ Factor VIII

☐ Factor IX

66. A PERSON’S BLOOD IS TAKEN AND THE RESULT SHOWS THERE IS AGGLUTINOGENS

OF A & B,WHAT TYPE OF THIS PERSON’S BLOOD?

☐ Type A

☐ Type B

☐ Type AB

☐ Type O

67. MAXIMUM TITERS OF AGGLUTININS IS REACHED AT WHAT AGE?

☐ 5 years old

☐ 9 years old

☐ 21 years old

☐ 60 years old

68. AGGLUTININS IN PLASMA ARE:

☐ Beta globulins

☐ Produced in lymph gland cells

☐ Most of them are IgD and IgG

☐ All

69. THERE ARE 6 TYPES OF RH ANTIGEN. WHICH IS THE MOST COMMON AND WHAT

TYPE?

☐ D antigen, Type Rh positive

☐ C antigen, Type Rh negative

☐ E antigen, Type Rh positive

☐ E antigen, Type Rh negative

70. WHITE PEOPLE, AMERICAN BLACKS AND AFRICAN BLACKS ARE COMMON HAVING

RH POSITIVE.

☐ True

☐ False

71. WHICH IS NOT FEATURE OF ERYTHROBLASTOSIS FETALIS?

☐ Kernicterus

☐ Jaundice

☐ Hepatosplenomegaly

☐ Spina bifida formation

72. WHICH IS NOT TREATMENT OF OVERCOMING IMMUNE REACTION IN

TRANSPLANTED TISSUES?

☐ Azathioprine

☐ Cyclosporine

☐ tissue typing HLA

☐ Coumarins

73. CHOOSE THE CORRECT COMBINATION

☐ Autograft - from other animals

☐ Isograft - from same person

☐ Allograft - from other humans

☐ Xenograft - from identical twins

74. VITAMIN K DEFICIENCY WILL AFFECT:

☐ Factor VII

☐ Factor II

☐ Protein C

☐ Factor IX

☐ All

75. CHOOSE THE WRONG STATEMENT:

☐ Hb count, RBC count and Hematocrit in men and women are different

☐ Redness in inflammation is because of increasing permeability in blood capillary and swelling

due to vasodilatation

☐ Chemical factors such as bradykinin and histamine are released from basophils and mast cells

☐ Anemia will cause the blood viscosity decrease

☐ Leukemia will cause immunity decrease