henri fayol 14 principles of management - maham muzamil

Managing Change and Innovation

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pter

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By:Miss: Maham Muzamil

14 PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT

-HENRI FAYOL

Copyright © 2005 by South-Western, a division of Thomson Learning. All rights reserved.

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INTRODUCTION

A principle refers to a fundamental truth.

They serve as a guide to thought & actions.

It establishes cause and effect relationship between

two or more variables under given situation.


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These principles are derived:

• On the basis of observation and analysis

• By conducting experimental studies


14 PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT

-HENRI FAYOL

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DIVISION OF work

stressed on the specialization of jobs

simpler and results in efficiency

helps the individual in acquiring speed, accuracy

in his performance


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Authority & Responsibility

Authority refers to the right of superiors. responsibility means obligation for the performance of the job assigned.

Should be a balanced. Authority- Responsibility = Irresponsible Behavior Responsibility- Authority= Ineffective


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Discipline

Sincerity, Obedience, Respect of Authority & Observance of Rules and Regulations of the Enterprise.

Discipline can be enforced if - -Good superiors

- Clear & fair agreements with worker - Sanctions are judiciously applied


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Unity of command

A sub-ordinate should receive orders and be

accountable to only boss at a time.

a sub-ordinate should not receive instructions

from more than one person

Dual sub-ordination should be avoided


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UNITY OF DIRECTION

Without unity of direction, unity of action cannot be

achieved.

Unity of command is not possible without unity of

direction.

Related activities should be grouped together


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Interest

An organization is much bigger than the individual - Employees should be honest & sincere.

- Proper & regular supervision of work. - Reconciliation of mutual differences

As far as possible, reconciliation should be achieved between individual and group interests.

Case of conflict, individual must sacrifice for bigger interests


Remuneration

Paid to the workers should be fair of the efforts

Determined on the basis of cost of living, work

assigned etc,

Provision of other benefits such as free education,

medical & residential facilities to workers

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Centralization

Centralization-concentration of authority at the top

level

Decreases the role of subordinate is centralization

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Scalar Chain

The chain of superiors ranging from the ultimate authority to the lowest

Every orders, instructions etc. has to pass through Scalar chain.

Modified as per the requirements of situations.

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Order

• Concerned with proper & systematic

arrangement of things and people.

• Placement of people is called social order.

• Social order-Selection and appointment of

most suitable person on the suitable job

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Equity

Paid to the workers should be fair of the

efforts

Provision of other benefits such as free

education, medical & residential facilities to

workers relationship and pleasing

atmosphere of work. 16


Stability of Tenure

Employees should not be moved frequently from one job position to another

Once they are appointed their services should be served

Time is required for an employee to get used to a new work –fayol

Stability of job creates team spirit& a sense of belongingness among workers

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INITIATIVE

Encouraged to take initiative in the work

assigned to them

Helps in developing an atmosphere of trust

Enjoy working in the organization because it

adds to their zeal and energy

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Espirit De’ Corps

It refers to team spirit Inspires workers to work harder Interest of the undertaking in the long run. The managers should infuse team spirit &

belongingness

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Espirit De’ Corps following steps should be undertaken

proper co-ordination should be encouraged to develop informal

relations among themselves. create enthusiasm and keenness among

subordinates employees should be rewarded

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henri fayol 14 principles of management - maham muzamil

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