hepatitis 2013 (2)
TRANSCRIPT
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PATITIS
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What Is Hepatitis?
• The word "hepatitis" means infammationo the liver. Toxins, certain drugs, some
diseases, heavy alcohol use, bacterial andviral inections can all cause hepatitis.Hepatitis is also the name o a amily oviral infections that aect the liver; the
most common types in the nited !tatesare hepatitis , hepatitis #, and hepatitis $.
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Viral Hepatitis• group o viruses %nown as the hepatitis
viruses cause most cases o liver damageworldwide. Hepatitis can also be due totoxins ¬ably alcohol', other inections.
• $ommon viruses cause hepatitis include,#,$,(,). *
• cute hepatitis• +iral Hepatitis Hepatitis through ) &more
than -/ o viral cause', Herpes simplex,$ytomegalovirus, )pstein0#arr,yellow ever virus, adenoviruses.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viruseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herpes_simplexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytomegalovirushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epstein-Barrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow_fever_virushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenoviridaehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenoviridaehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow_fever_virushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epstein-Barrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytomegalovirushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herpes_simplexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viruses
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12nectious3
1!erum3
+iralhepatitis
)ntericallytransmitted
4arenteral
ytransmitted
5, *, TT+6 other
)
NANB
# ( $
Viral Hepatitis - Historical Perspectives
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Hepatitis A
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)42()72898*:
uc%erman
)dition $hurchill livingstone.
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t *lance
? First characterized in 1973
? RNA virus (member of enterovirus group)
? resent in !arge "uantit# in stoo! ofinfected individua!s
? $esser "uantities in serum and sa!iva
? %an be gro&n in vitro
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$linical 5eatures
@ 8ten asymptomatic in childhood
@ A=B/ icteric under C years o age
@ DB0EB/ icteric inadolescenceFadulthood
@ 5ulminant hepatitis is rare
@ AB./ mortality in children@ Go %nown chronic seuelae or carrier
state
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Prevention
@ 5ood, !ex, Hand, 8ral, nal
@ !peciIc 2g EB0-B/ eJcacy
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Vaccine
@ -K0=BB/ eJcacy
@ Lecommended or high0ris% individuals,such as travelers to endemic areas,
homosexual or bisexual men, drug users,chronic liver disease, children in localeswith high endemic rates
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!)L898*:
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t *lance
? 'ember of hepadnavirus fami!# &ith part!#sing!estranded NA
? ane partic!e is probab!# comp!ete virion and
contains *+sAg
? ,ncomp!ete forms (spherica! and fi!amentouspartic!es) a!so contain *+sAg
? -irion cores (*+cAg) are contained &ithin theincomp!ete forms
? *+eAg e.ists in serum and on hepatoc#tes
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t *lance
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t *lance
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$linical 5eatures
• ,ncubation /090 da#s (range 210)
• 4aundice re!ative!# uncommon in chi!dren
5106 in under 2 #ears o!d 30206 over 2
#ears of age
• Acute morta!it# 0216
• %hronic infection common8 agere!ated
%omp!ications inc!ude chronic persistent andchronic active hepatitis8 hepatoce!!u!ar
carcinoma8 e.trahepatic s#ndromes
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Prevention
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!)L898*:
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*+sAg A*+sAg *+eAg A*+e A*+c
Acute *+- ,g'
%hronic*+- highinfectivit#
,g:
%hronic*+- !o&infectivit#
,g:
Recover# ,g:
,mmunized
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TL)T7)GT
• Interferon-α : 5 to 6 million units times!"ee# su$cutaneousl% for& to 6 months'
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Hepatitis C
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!)L898*:
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*+sAg A*+sAg *+eAg A*+e A*+c
Acute *+- ,g'
%hronic*+- highinfectivit#
,g:
%hronic*+- !o&infectivit#
,g:
Recover# ,g:
,mmunized
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TL)T7)GT
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(I)IN* +H, B./,NH,A+