~I*I*I~~I*I*I~ ~ ~

* * M HEPHAISTIO M ~ OF 1l!EBES ~

~ Apotelesmatics ~ lJ'""''J Book I lJ'""''J

* * ~ Tran.doted ~ • by Raben Schmidt Cl

IJilo-clll Edi"d IJilo-clll * * IJilo-clll by Robm Hand IJilo-clll

~ Project Hindsight ~ ~ Greek.Track ~ * Volume VI * ~ ~ ~ ~

~ I*I*I e I*I*I~

HEPHAISTIO OF THEBES

Apotelesmatics Book I

Translated by Robert Schmidt

Edited by Robert Hand

Project Hindsight Greek Track Volume Vl

The Golden Hind Press

PROJECT HINDSIGHT is funded entirel y by the astrological community through subscrip­

tions and donations.

OCopyright 1994 by Robert Schmidt

Published by The Golden Hind Press, P.O. Box 002, Berkeley Springs, WV 254 11 .

Table or ContenLs

Introduction to Hephaistio of Thebes by Rohert Hand in

Translator's l>reface by Roben Schmidt viii

The Apotelesmru:ics of Hephaistio of Thebes .

1. Concerning !he Name and the Power of the Twelfth-pans 2. Concerning the Power of the Seven Wandering Stars .. 25 3. Concerning the Power of the Fixed Stars . 26 4. Concerning the Fonnations Farther North than the Zodiac 5. Concerning the r""Onnation.~ Farther South than the Zodiac . 211 6. Concerning Trigons According to Dorothcus 7."Thc Piaces inWbichtbeStarsRejoice 8. Concerning EKaltations 30 9. Concerning Sections That Command and Those That Obey

" 10. Concerning Sections of Equal Power and TIKtse Seeing 31 I I . Concerning Unconnected Sections 31 12. Concerning theDiffcrenceoftbePiaces . 32 13. Concerning Rulership and Co-rulership . . 32 14 Concerning Appl ication and SepaJation 33 \5.Concerning Enclosure 33 16. Concerning the Hurling of Rays 34 17.Conceming Spear-bearing 18. Concerning the Twelfth-pans That Are According to

Degrees 35 19. Concerning One's Own Face and Chariots and Thrones 36 20. Concerning Universal I nvestigations and Effects . 37 21. Effocl!l of the Ecl ipses and Comets That Arise . 44 22.ConcerningtheSigns'DuringtbeEclip.o;c: 23.Concerningthe lrKi icationsoftheAri singoftheDog St111and

of the Stars Accompanying lt . . 53 24. Concerning the Co~ in Eclipses a!ld Comets 58 25. CnACeming the Significance of Meteorological Phenomena

.. 61

Appendix! Translation Conv~ ntions . 64

Introduction to Hephalstio of Thebes by

Robert Hand

'There is not g,..,at deal of info:rnation about Hephaistio' of Thebes. But quitc,..,markably wchavc h.is birthchar1:. This is bascd onasingle cllart reported by NeugcbaUoCr in GTu k Horoscopes, L380 whi~:h il(:(:ording to Pingree is his own chart. Till: chart is from Book II of the Apotel~smmic$ and is given below with mi.Jdern Koch ~usps.

The time is of course approximate, but the positions check out quite well. The data are as follows: Era of Diodctian 97 Athyr 30 at the sixth hour (we assume unequal hours) which cquatt:s to Nov. 26, 3SO CE. at

AleJI;andria, ' Egypt, Jl"N 12', 29"E 53' at about the llOOfl overpass (Bpprox. 11:50 A_M_ LM.T.) This is all we know aboot H~phai.stio's

I i f~ But asl iuleas "'·~knowabouthis life, his wort is very important

to us. Of the texts li"om the anciem world, Hcphaistio's tllroc books on

Apotdtsmaric£. along with the Termbiblor. have surviv~d in the best condition. The Apolelu nll1tics !~fore giv~s us a most complete pictlii'C of astrology as it was actually pr.teticed intheanci~nt world. In panicular Hephaislio parallels and paraphrases a good deal of the Te1rabiblos which may allow us to clarify some of the more ambiguous pa.%age.~ of the Tetrubib/(}s.

But it is not only the complet~ness of thi s work and it~ ~xplicalions of Ptolemy that makes it imponant. Hepbaistio appears to have set himself the task of unifying what were by his lime the two major ,;chools of Greek asuology, that of Ptolemy and that of Domtheus of Sidon. Thedifferencesbctween the twoschoolsaretoonumcl'()lls to describe complete ly in this introduction. however, a few major points cil!lt:'= madc.

Ptolemy's astrology is basedprimari lyonthe gcneralsignificalion of the planets. Sun equals honor, Venus, beauty and love, Man, war. Jupiter, wealth ar>d so forth. House~ are used but 1101 stmngly ~mphasiz.ed. A planet'• solar phase, oriental or occidental, and its applicationsandsep!ICationstotbeotherplanetsisemphasiz.edoverits house position

Ptol~my makes extensive use of five digniti~s and uses th~m eollcclivelytodetenninewbatplanetshaverulershipover variouspan.s of the chart. The concepl of what was later known as the Almuten eomesdirectly out of Ptolemy.' Ptolemy's five dignities arc domicil~. exaltation, triplicity , tenn,andphaseOf' c:onfiguration .l His US~.: of lots,

' TbelucationisusumedbyNeugtbauerandPingrtt ' How~ver. untikt the Arab aulbon, Ptolemy doc~ 001 use a wciKf!ting

system 10 give more weigllt to domicile and~~altation than lhcO(herdignitits 3 Thi sfi fthdignityi••ronsidcrabl~ souottofdifficul ty.TheMiddleAgcs

andRtuaimmce .... witasthedocanicfaccrulcdbytheptanetsintheChaldean ordrr starting with Mau u the firS! decan ruler of Aries. Out there is ab.olutdy 1>0 justifiauion for this in the Grttk literalure. In the Greek litentture it is ai,."Jys"phaMorcoofiguration."This has t>ttn interpreted by some writers, ~<pcdally 1\shmand. to be me "proper face" or Atmugea, as the A•abs k""w it.

known to us as "Arabic" pans, is limi!M to the lAt of Fortune. Dorotheus on the other hand makesextensi,·e useufOOuscs in a

manncrquitefamiliartomodcrnastrologers. Hisuseofaspocu isalso morr developed than Plulemy. He has dignities ' similar to Plolemy but does not use them in oombinatiun to find lhe ruler or Almuten. His favorite dignity is the triplicity which for him is the most important dignity.' While later We..~tem astrologers considered theifiplicity an intermediate level dignity, it was not unreasonable for Dorotheus to make it the dominant one, for the dignity of triplicity is derived from a combination of the dignitie.~ hy domicile and exaltation. It is a kind ofAimuten dignitybyitsel f. lnfactitcouldbearguedthatforPtolemy to use the digni ty by triplicity in combination with thoseofdornicile and eultation is a k.ind uf redundancy. Dorotheus also uses a large arrayoflotsinadditioo w the LotofFooune.

Aside from the emphasis on the dignity by triplicity, Dorotheus is cluser to the astrolugy of the Middle Ages and Renaissance than Ptolemy. Even after the refonns were made in the Renaissance to make astrology closer to what was perceived to be Ptolemy's system. western astrolugy has oontinued to be more Dorodteao than Ptolemaic.

Hephaistio , and his synthesis of Plolemy and Dorotheus, was extremely influential in the Greek world. Several commentaries were wrinen un his wmk in the Byzantine periOO. But he does not seem to have had much impact on Arabic astrology. As of this writing we are not aware: of any citatiuns in Arabic astrolugy of Hepha.istio's work, although there~ many citations of Ptolemy, Valens and Dorotheus Wehavenoexplanationforthisphenomenon.Apparentlyhewasnever

See chapter l\1 of thi' work. Your edi tor was abo of thi' opinion until diiiCUssing the maner with Robert Schmidt in connection will! this work.. However, I have concluded that while this is not impossible, it is nat the simplest reading of the text. lh: Ored wOfd for "phase' fmm which our Engli~h wurdoomesusuall~ refers to hcliaca.l risings andsettings.lh: word for 'configun tion ' usuallymeansou r aspect. Whatthi , implie$isrhat any planet that aspectsadegrcedispo~! of that degree and >llsuany planet thai is hcliacallyrilinsinadcgreedoesasweU. lltisrais.esa ll mannerof conC<:ptual difficultieswhichwean:natyet:prepared ro deal with.

1 Hisdignitic,aredomicile.eulwion.uiplicityandto:nn. Thercdocsfl0f appcar tohea fifihdignity

1 Almost invariitbly Doro!hcu' use~ the state of the triplic ity ru lers 10 dctenninethcaffa irsofahou..,ofanang.le.

translated into Arabic However, we 00 !lave some evidence thnt while Hepllaistio may lUll

have hadmuchintl uence uponArabicastrologydirectly, hemayhave had at least an indi rect innucnce. l have recently come across an English lntnslation of an Arabic work from the Middle Ages. "The English trans lation is entitled A Jerusalem Christinn Treotis~ on Astrology.' It shows two clear indications nf coming either from Hephaistioorfromasimilartraditioo

In Book l oftheApnte/csmatics Hcphaistio hastwoitemsthatare particularly intcrcsting hccausc,iffornootherreason, theyare pecu\iar; the most extensive interpretation of the d~ans to he found in any ancient work thus far, and interpretations for the ye&: based on the rising of the star Sirius. Both of these are to be found in this Little Arubictext. Heplmistioand the ArabictextOOnotagree in everydetail, butthereisadefinitesimilarityofcontent

Highlights of Book I

lbere arc many things in Book I that should he of interest. As Schmidt point~ in the Tn~nslalnr's Preface we have several basic concepts mt:ntioned byotheTaulhorsdcfinedonceagaininwaysthat allownsto get a deeper understanding ofwlultlhey mean. We have thec\o.o;e paraphrasing of Ptolemy that should help the reader to get a better undcrstanding ofpartSofPtolcmy, although it must beadmilted that quite often Hephaistio is so close to Ptolemy that the text, and consequently the information, is virtually identical

There ~ lhlee items of special interest in Boolr.: I. First of all, as mentionedabove, wehave themostextensive delinc:ationsoftheeffects of rising decans that we have found in any a11cien t materi~l. Other works, sucb as tbe Llbtr Hu melis have given us images to he associated with the decans, but not delineations. Strangely enough Hephaistiogi vesu~ahsolutely nothingaboutthesigns,themselves,on ly thedecanr..

Serondwehave thematerialn:latingtotherisingofSirius. ThC!l:

1 Transl~ by Gladys Dickson. Sutt Fin: Press, Edmonds. Washington, 1989. This isobviouslyareprintofa19th Cemurywort.ThetrJIJisl.-.tioogivc.s absolutelyooinformatiooaboutthcdateoftbeoriginal,only tbat itwaswritteo hyanOrthodoxChristianlivingunderArllbrole

is r>Othing like this anywhere else in the ancient literature. This is clearlyanEgyptiante<:hniquebe<.::ausetherisingofSirius atonetime heralded the ris ing of the Ni le and w..s the basis of the Egyptian calendar

Third we have some of the most ex tensive literature on ec lipses <lllywhere in astro logy. His basic methods are derived from Ptolemy, but he goes way beyond Ptolemy in his interpretations.

Book I is an introductory book, yet it has much to offer. Books II and rn will offer even more. In Book II we will see material on house division, which Wa!i already becoming an issue, as well as material on primary directions. In Book III we will see extensive material on electionsandhorary questions

Asusualall ii(J{esoutsideof the in troductionan:thoseof thetranslator, Robert Schmidt , ucept for those marked with an fRH].

Translator's Preface by

Robert Schmidt

This er-aoslation of Hephaistio's ApoteiUm(llic;r has been done from the critiealedi !ionoftheGreektt:xteditedbyPin~(Teuhner.l973).As

farasweknow,itisthefirsttranslationofHephaistio'sApoleltsm(l/ics into any modern language.

Of the three books constituting the complete work.thefillt (here translated}dea!swithintroductorymanersanduniversal(ormundane) a.~trology, covering roughly the same r~nge of material as is found in Books I &. II of the Telrubiblas. The =nd deals with natal astro logy, summarl'~ing and at the same lime amplifying Books UJ & IV of the Tetrabiblos. The third book may be our richest surviving Gre<:k source for electiunal and hurary material , d~riving principally from Dorothcus

Although Book I reads in many cases like a \'el)' dose paraphrase of portions of Books I & II of the Tetrabiblos, it is al so supplemented with excerpts arnl paraphrases from Dorotheus and ancient Egyptian sources. Hephaislio is in fact the major source of Gre<:k fragments of Dorotheu.~· astrological poem. And some modern scholars have identilied Hep!Wstio's "ancient Egyptians'" with N<!l:bcpso and Petosiris. and so we may have here some very dose and extensive parapbrao;es fromtheirseminal te.ttbook

Ho,;phaistios'spraeticeistouse"thedivinePtolemy"for theger>eral aniculationofastrological issues, and then supply the detai l mi.'l..~ing in the TetrabibWs from the:!e other sources. Thus, in thi ~ first book we alsohaveextensivedelineationsofthedecans, treatmentsofeclipses signbysignand hourbyhour,spocificpredictionsbasedontheheliaca\ rising of Sirius, and the detailed significance of comets and other meteorologicalpbcnomena.

Asallliltleroffact.there issomuchdetailherethatit isbeginning tobotherme alittle. Ontheone hand, ldonots.:ebowthepositioos ofallthosc mol..:sandtheshapcsofallthosecyebrowsandtl>efatt:of being devoured by wild dogs could have been simply or nriginally derived from the symbolism of the constellations and planets. In foct, H~phaistio himself states that suitable rodiac imagery was originally imposedonthestarson the basis of observed astrological effects in those celestial locat ions, and not !he other way around

Yet, on the other hnnd, I do notseebow these correlations could

have original ly been inferred empirically from theuamination and comparison of a large number of births, even through centuries of obseTvation, as is often supposed. Too many celestial phenomena ha ve to be compared to too many murnla.ne events. Why look to decans for moles? And whythedc:canswhcnrising'!

It seems very anachronistic to me to reganJ tho: ancien t aWologeffl as empiricists inthismodemsense(if infact thereissuchathing as !'Uteempiricism). lf youC()nsidered something a sign from the gods, you would not treat it the same way as a modem scientific researcher does. You might regard certain facts as intrinsically more significant than others, for enmple. It is not even obvious that you would be searchingfor correlations thathappenforthemo:stpart. Youmight give certain paradigmatic binhs more weight than others: that of the king or notable men. oc the births from mothers who have undergone ritualistic purification,orbinhsauendedandsingledootbyothcrporu:nts. for inslllnce. All thcselauerpossibilitieswould be more in keeping with ancient phi losophy.

And if such were your ''philosophy of science", then proper astrological research mc:tbods would not consist of gathering together a data pool from a cros.~ -~ection of humani ty. under the pr-esupposition thatany truo:: astrologicalphenomenonshouldbeonethathappensfor themostpart. l t would consist insteadofsingl ingouttheconspicuous orparadigmaticindividuals,andrecordingtheirfateandbodymarkings

ls this so different from the oommon astrological practice of a lllllining the charts of notable individuals? lsn ~ the underlying presuppositionhcre thatthemostoutstandingorperfc:ctindividuals,not the average individual, will be the most likely to exhibit the traits as$0Ciated withcertain celestialconfigurations atbinh,andthatlesser men will -exhibit them more imperfectly? In this oonncction it is in Leresting to recalltheso-(;a11edeminenceeffectinthe0allqudindata: that the more eminent an ath lete. for example, the moce likely it is that hewillhaveMarsinacriticalsector.

In addition to all this new andde1ailed delineation material, we have gotten as a windfall a be"erfix on a few basic 115lrologicalconcepts thatlbcrewasasecof'ld~aningof"oo"-rulershipwedidnotsuspect (section 13); that the fifth Greek dignity 'phase ' was understood as morning or evening rising (section 19); a more exact undccstanding of thc differencebetween hurlingofrays withdiumalmotionandcasting a glance with the transiting motion (section 16): the astronomical

,,

meaningof'inclin:uiorul" (seclion5).

1\ephaistio's own Greek is quite easy. TOe Dorotheus excerpts are in verse. and conrain some strdnge place names we have 1101 been able to identifya~yet. Incidenbl ly,we have leftthecotmtries .transli tel"lltedand

unmodcrniud. All of these can be found in a standanl chsssical dictionary, ucept a few which have been so noted. No attempt has been made to fully versify the Dorothcus excepts. They have been translated liternlly.and we ha1·eonlytriedrogivethereaderbaresttasteofthe differe!ICebctweenGreelr:didacticpoc:tryandniUTativeprose.

Also, Hephaistio"~ parnph~s of other writers can sometimes cause difficul ties because of their coocisi011. For example. where Ptolemy writes"productive bynatureof thepropt!rti~sofAresandof Hermes."

Hephaistio wi ll have '"producth·e by nature of the IIOIUI understood of Aresandof llermes.'"Titis k.indofambiguityoccursratheroften.

Ontbeotl>erhand, Hcpbaistiooccasionallyaddswordsorphrases not found in the tnt of the T~rrahib/m as we have it. For example, where Ptolemylislll"famincarKi lncusts"asthcaffi ictionsof a eertain year. Hephaistiowill add "and mice."

Finally,therearea multitudeof minordifferencessuch astbeuse ofsyoonymsanddifferentconn«:ti vesthatseemtoeontributenothi!1S toelarifyingthtl Telrubiblw text it~l f.

All this leads me to wonder whether Hcphaistio is merely paraphr.t.'iingPtolemy(a.sisusuallythought tobethecasc),O<" whether he and Prolemy are both paraphrasing from a common SOUl«, such as tile Egyptian te~tbook ofNechepso and Petosiris, which was perhaps written inan oracularandenigmatiealfashi011requiri ngexeges is. This raises the interesting possibility that a number of 1'\olemy"s explicit remarkson Techniquesmaybehisownioterpr-etationoftbeseancient "'ritings

Whileonthesubject oforacularstatemcnt. lctmewarnthereadc:r that numerous predictions made on the basis of eclipses and peculiarities ofthehl:liacalrisingofSirius(auributod toNechepsoandf'etosirisby certain mOdern scholars) will sound ambiguous in this translation. They wi ll be something like this: Two kings will make war on each other, and many slaves will be taken. Or: The king will invade Egypt. and a gn:at natiun will fall. The problem here is that even though the predictedevtm ishighlyspecifie.thesubjc:ctrowbomthisfate applies i1oftentime left urldetcrniru:d.

When I was revising the tirsl draft of thi s trans lation, I spent a great deal of time looking for little grammalical clues !hal would help me undersland which country was thesubjecl and which the object in agivensenlen~.or whos<=possession acenainobjeclreallywas.Afler

tearingmyhairoulforseveral days,l realizcdtbal thisambiguilywas intentiona l on the pan of the writer. Or ralher, that this is the kind of di!ICOursethatoraclesgive.Oracularpronouncemenl doesnotaffumor denysometbingofagivensubjec!,dw:rebylettingthal subjectappe.ar in an entirely new light (the Aristotelian understanding of logos or declaratory speech). Nor does it lie, thereby concealing that same subject panially or tOI:ally from view. Rather, it mere ly seems to point, to an event, on the one hand, and to a subject on the other, in an indeterminate oonTICCtion. In 1he words of Heracl itus: "Tbe lord whose oracle is Delphi neither conceals oor reveals, but only gives a ~i gn."

But if this is uuc, it would mean that there is an intrinsic indeterminacy in the astrological signification of celestial phenomena 1be heavens may be "te ll ing," but they are not doing win deo::laratury speech. ln ~k philosophy,thediumal motionis called the"Motion

of the Same" and it is responsible for the identity and sameness uf thin!(S,While theeclipt.ic motion. iscalledthe"MotionoftheOther''and it isresponsibleforallchange.Similarly, in theGreek understandingof language, a noun points to an entity, something that is self-same throughout change and modification, whi le the verll refers to change or acrion in time. Thus. the joining of noun to verb in a sentence is the oounterpart to the relating of Same and Other accomplished by the two celestial molions. But the Greek astrologers evidently regarded !he relat ingoft.heSameanddw:Other in thevisibl<:universeasincomple!C, andlheywouldnaturallywis.h toreflectthisimperfection in the l<indof languagein whichtheymadetheir predictions.

This is not to say that celestial phenomena signify j ust anything Rather,such al!dsuch asubjectis involved in such andsuchap evept. Butitisnotspecifiedexacllyhowheisinvolved. Wellright likenan a~;trological ~tatemen t to the differential equat ions that describe fluid flow. When they an: first applied to the watt:r in your bathtub, they are too gellCI"al to be used for .•pecif>e predictions. But when cenain .. boundaryconditions"aretaken intoaccount,fittingthegeneral equations to the specific oonditions of your bathtub, the equations beoome fully determinate, and from that point on can be used for predictions. Similarly. the initial astrological slatement ofrhe heavens maybetoogeneraltobetotallyreliedupon. Ptnlemystatesagainand

againthatthe astrologermustrokethcmaterialelernentintoaccount, which is what the celestial influenc.:s have to w<~rk with_ This is the astrologicalcquivalentofthemuimthatyoucannotmake asi lkpurse ootofasow'sear.Androodernastrologershavere.:ognizedthatitmay be imposs ible to tell the sc~ of the native J'rom a chart, for example, or whether a person involved in a murder is the perpetrator or ~-ictim. But once this information has boc:n taken into account, then the predictions canbcreliablymademorespecific. ·

This is fliT from being "cold reading." While the astrologer needs cenain input. certain "boundary conditions" in order to make his "equations" more specific, he does not give that same infonnation back, but new predi~tions deducal from that initialinfonnationaccordingto astrological principles. lncidcmally, I have not seen these factors modeled in the statistical experiments designed to te~t an astmloger's abilitytoreadachart.

Of course, it may happen that the astrologer is able to make a correct prediction right from the outset withoot bothering about the material conditions. lbis is probably due more to the limited rMge of theboundaryconditions fora givenissueata gi\·entimeandplace in history- that is, the overall uniformity of the possible material factoB-than any fuller dcler!Jtinacy in what the actual celestial phenomena signify. ln feuda l times, for instan~. the possibilities of life and work were more restricted than today, and certain predictions about what one would do to eam a Jiving could have been made more specifically,

lnvicwofallthis, l shooldperhapshavemademyowntranslations of some of the predictions of the "ancient Egyptians" more ambiguous thanthcyarehere. lfowever,tbefinaltranslationdr:cisionswillhaveto awaitadeepc:runderslandinguftheissoeshere ·discusscd.

The Apotelesmatics of

Hephaistio of Thebes

First Universal Book1

Our aim here, 0 most excellent of friends Atllanasios, is, God willing, to set fonh this handbook as something that can be quite easily followed;itoomainssomecommentary1 itlldancssaythathascomelo us1 aboot wllatwassaid bytbeancientsconeemingtheslars, wh.ether signifyingUTcausing or even in some other fashion eocirding and turning everything here under the Moon with their ligures relative to each otber and to !he eanh, and with their phases and with their other naturalchatac~stics.

Let that which is hard to see in severai!JUIUen, owing to the many sides to such a study and !he contingent nature of the inquiry and k.nowledge,not troobteanyonewiththeopinionofthat itiscomplete ly incomprehensible, since most occurrences. and the most whole orKS, do so clearlyexhibitacausefrom the surrounding heavens; nor should someshyaway,sayingontheonehandthatfaterulesoverall,andon the other that foreknowledge is useless for what wilt always and in e•·ery way come to pass. To which one must counter that il is indeed hard for us and the most excellent of men to discern clearly the activity of the heavens. but one must know that those who fmd fault with the usefulness of this mode of p::rception disparage it without considering any of the most authoritative reasons at all. but only this-that foreknowledge of what wi11 always and in every way be is superfluous, andthisquitesimplyandindis.::riminately.

For, first of all, it is necessary toconsider,justasthenllth-loving Ptolemysays,tha!evenforthceventsthatwi\J necessarily result, the unexpectedisespecia\lyapttocau!:tdelirious confusionandmadjoy,

1 Most of thi• introduction consi~ of "'mmary from the first three book.s oflhcTttrobiblos

1 /ruprnnbU. 1 /ti~U Mma.s~lllwtuis(>tira.•.

while foreknowing h.abituat~s Bnd rrairL~ the suul to attend to distant events as though. they w~re present, artd prepares it to accept ~achofthe

lllliving ~vents will pea.cc and tranquillity.' Then, it must be considered thato!lCneedootbelicvelhatallhumanmatlersarefromSilmedivine and incscapableordinonce. tl)ere being simRIY oo od!erc11usc able to coun teract for some of them. Fur, as regards the universal circumstances in the wOT"ld such as cataclysms, conflagrations, pestilence.~. necessity prevails, since the less~r caus~ always yi~ld~ to the gre~tcr. But for the particular matters which are not so, those that meet with counteracting causescanbeeasily reversed,andthoselhatdonotfindthcmavailable aresubjecttothefirstcausethroughignoranceandootthrough. necc!;Sity.

Arid one would wonder about the reason why all truJ;t in the possibil ityofforckoowledgcinunivc=lmaner!l,andinitsul't'fulncss for prevention. giving heed topowersofcooling for the summer, and the: reverse for the: winter.andfunhcnnorewatchingthcindicationsof the nnn-wandering stars for the safety of .<a iling departures, and observing many other things, but fur particular matters 11nd for individual idiosyncrasies, they do not believe that forclmowledge is possible and yet is sdf~vid~nt. since if we should happen to have pre-cooled ourselves against burning heat in general, we will be less burned.

However. I believe that just a~ it is the ca~;e with progoostic itself that,cvenifitshouldootbeallogcthccinfallible,at leastthepossibility of it has. seemed worthy of the most serious attention. so in the same fashionforthegoalofprevention.thoughittooisnottherapeuticfor every thing. it is ncccsS<U"}' that it be greeted and embracct.l for the several th.ings-bowever few or minor they should be-in which it is therapeutic. Havingcome(so itseems)tothcsesarneoonclus.ions, the ancient Egyptian~ completely bound medicine to a!l!JQOOrnical progl105tic through what they call iarromathem~tical, systems, by means ofwhichthc:yapplythcremediesfiuingly ·

Butit.,.·ould be foranothccoccasion to speak morce.UCtly about these matters. We will bcg.in with the e5say that ha~ oome to us on th~ apotelesmaticdoctrinesoftheancient~.givingbccdas ruucha~possiblt:

tointelligibilityandusdulnessalongwithducconciscness.

1 1ll.i! Ua Stoic•mtementufthepurpo:stofastro)ogy. [RH[

I. Concerning the Name 11nd the Po"'er of th~ Twelfth·parts

The ancients separated the ZQdiac into twelve sec tions, attributing a nametoeachfmmthelesserlivingthings' upontheearththatarefor thernostpartsyrnpatheti<:,andplacing theirtypesin thestarsin thc$c: parts as it allows.

They made the beginning be from the spring section Aries, because lifebcginsanew.as it were, when the Sun passes from the southern to the~mhemisphereiOwhichourinhahitedworldissuhordinated,

and because at that time the hods of plaRts are produced and the swellingupofall ourdomesticanimalstakesplace.

They <:ailed this twelfth·part Aries the head of the ~osmos. ho~ ofAres.exaltationoftheSunaboutthel9thdegree,equipartite,spring. tropical,kingly,<:Oillmanding.vocal.terrestrial, noctumal.'

Atxl in general, it is full ofthuoder ~nd h~il. But in parti<:ular, its pre<:eding parts are barren and full ofthunder.;tonnsand wind due to the indication of the equinox; the middle parts are &emperate and fruitful;the succeedingparuarefeverish andpestilential,especiallyfor quadrupeds; the northern pans are scorching and destructive; the

1 Widia. 1 Thi • may sum peculiar as Arie• i• usually ronsidered to be a diurnal

~ign. In the most common system the odd numbered signs are diurnal and rt.. even numbered ~igns oocrumat. In lhi l text the followiog signs are listed as nocturnal:Aries,Canccr.AquariusandPisoes.Theoe•ignsan:l imdasd iurnal · Leo, Virg<J. Scorpio, Sagitlariu~. and Capricorn. 11>ere are two pol'Sible explanations for thi s.

Firstwecouldbedealing with a dewiant traditiont..re. lt maybelhatlhe sect of the oigns are exactly as li•tcd. Among the Hindus there are al ternate traditiom about which sign~ were diurnal and nocturnal

HoweVCJ. lheJe is a more likely possibili ty. All of lhe r.igll5 listed as nocturnal are in the lunar half of the zodiac which ulmds from Aquarius throughCancer.Similarlythesigllll li stedasdiumRlareallinthewlarhalfof the zodiac which u rends from Leo through Capricorn. Since the Moon is nocturnalandtheSundiumal, HephaistiocouldheclaMifyi ngthesectof tt.. signsaocordingtotheha.lfofthezodiaceachsignisinr.otherlhanaccording towbethertheyareoddore¥en.Tbesignsth.atarenotdMsifiedcooldsimpty betheresultofomi"ion1. [RH)

~oulhcrn pans are icy and chilling.' TQ!hisaresuhjccl:

A~icm Babylo_n. to~n of Tyrian Delos. HmdmostArobta, neoghllocOf thc la11dofEgypt

Acc~ding LO Ptolemy: Brinania, Galatia, Gt nnania. l'alestillC, ldumaea. Judaca. But like Hipparchu.~. lhc ancient Egyplians also made distinction:s aocording to p;uts, thus: for the left ~booldtr. Babylonian; for the right shouldcc, Thracr:; for the hrea.~t. Armenia; fO£ the spine, bothlhcvalcofPcrsiaandCappadocia,Me.sopotamia,Syria, the Red &~. Weba,<emade a separate exposition of the individual part.~ becaru;e

such isoftenu:>efulin prognosticatiomforthose places. Tilt' andent Egyptians. and Dorotheus in meter. divided the

boundaridasfollow~·

·.Of1boondaries,does Phacth6n' occup>· thesixdegrcesthefii"SI Jn thiJ;,then:,.fu:rwa.~ allotted Cythcrcia'anequal number. Stilb0n1 eigbt tbethird, andPyroeis6 five as well. Tbcremainingones to equal Thouros' 1-'hainOn'gOfaslol.

Ptolemy, thus: Zeus, six; Aphrodite. eight; Ht:rmcs, 7; Ares, 5; Kronos. four. They also set out bright dcgrccs for ea.ch Widion. The bright degrees of this tbidion. then. are 1he third, nineteenth. t"'-eoly·s.ixth, tvJimty-seventh, thirtieth.

hll"lhcnnoJe, foreveryv:Jidiontheydistinguished three!kcan.<in ten degree interval~. And the lirst du:oan is Chonrare , the ~nd

' llere of coorse we havo a dw:ription b.lStd on the s!CII;u OOOS!dlatinn mlher tban atropica130"division. Thisgoingb.lckanr.Jfonhbdwee.o l ign&and C(lll!tellatium ;, typk;al of the u tn>logy of thi~ period. This;, what lw served to rnakl: tocnci•e tropieal-$ideu;.d ~onlruven;y .50 hard tO settle. [Kill

1 i.o.,Mria.,.. !Crms. !RHJ 3 NnmefortilestarofZcus,meaniog"ther:>di3lllone.' • sum:ome ofAphror.titc J NiiPIC for the Wlr of Her~MS, meaning ' tl>t !P~am.ing ooc.· 6 Nllllll:forthel.l.1rofAres,meaning ' thclio:ryune." 1 Anotbe• epithet for~ ttar of Ares. meaning "the impeluous one.' 1 Name: fmlhcsurof Krooos. JOCaning "th~ !ohiningooe.'

ChQfftachrt, the third Siktt. In general, when no other cause is counteracting, they expected those who ha~e the fir's! decan marking the buurtornarrybad!yinthr:irearly years,andmarrywell in their later years and make a good end . lbe signs': The breast is thin a...:! not fleshedout;thelegsbareandlean. Hewillha~ea rnark onthelcft side

or under the left armpit. And the critical periods of this decan were rccordedasthe4thyear.9th,l2th,2 1st.JJrd,49th,52nd,64th,74th.

Andlheyupectedthosewhuhavcthe5eeonddecan rnarking tbc hour to bcamplynourishedalongwithbeingaffiictedinsomeway in the early years. but to be prudent and learned and to be the leader of many and to meet with a good "nd. lbe signs: His ey"s will be large whilebeingprotrud.ing.1 he will bealittkquick toangcr.hisstature adequate and his height proportionate. And the criti<:al periods of this decanwererecordcdastl!..2ndyear.7th,\7th,J9th.24th,32nd,39th. 4\st,5:Znd,64th,71st,ll6th.

And they "xpocted those who have the third dccan mart.ing the hourtobcaffiictedandtobernuchabroadandto-"'pllrtttetheirpan:nts inUeathl and to find their parental estate useless and tu bedi•tussed in marriage,butlatertotakeaseducalwornenandtobegctchildren and to spend the end of life cheetfully. 1be signs: He is brought fonh yellow and sallow; he will be born of decent size; !heR will be a bkmish in his height due to the action of the gods. 1be ctili<:al period.~ aJethe7thyear,llth,19th,28th,JJrd,J5th,40th,52nd,67th,74th. 88th. 97th.

And if someone should have as his H(Jroskbpo:r thr: interval between Ares and Taurus, which is called thr: interstice.' he will be mute and obtuse and unintelligible. tk will di" at the ~arne critical periodsasforthcthinl decanofAres

1 sb,.,icn. The mostoommon.Greck WQrdfor B sign. botnoot wed oflbe ziU<iia. but here for the marks and other pooiDelll infOI'lllatioo about a penon indicaliveofthedccaninquestion

' kchum(nO$. Li terally. 'flowing forth.' l'l:rhaps il !DClifU "runny' or 'moist" inMead.

3 Wearenolquilewreuacdywhatlhismeans. • mn~mbolinw. "The interval in hetwco:nolhcn, 111 in an intercabry monlh

II i~ 1101 clear !hat this means the cusp. since Hcl'fWstio .-rns 10 he lalk:ing aboulaninterval,and!IOiopoinl

Ne~t is the twelr!h-pilrt Taurut, which a~~nds as far as the neck of tbc: cosrlloOS, the house of Aphrodite, exall.ation of th~ Moon around three degrees, solid,1 vocal, ~x,mmanding, feminine, t~rrestrial, servile

And ingeneral,itisindicativeof bolh mi~tu~sandisslightlyhot.

In particular, the preceding part.~ throughout the Pleiades are full of wind and fog ~nd prudocti>lO of unbqunkes; the middle paru lilt

moistening IUkl cold; the following parts thruughoot the Hyades are ti~ry and productive of lhrmder and lightnin~; the north<;m parts are temperate. whiletbesouthern pans e.\eitcmotionandareull()("(lerM.

Reg.ionsareassociatedwilh it as follows·

To the beast was subja:t the Median clime aod Arabia Ortbefinefuot offertileEgypt as well.

Ptolemy; Parthia. M<'rlia. Pen;ia. Cydad..:s, Cyprus, Lesser Asia. Again, before th.1t time,· mme positt:d kinships far il~ part.~. For the horn, M~dia; the right: parts near Auriga, Scythia; the left, Armenia; along rh.e Pleiade5-,Cyprus.

The buundark~are tbus·

Of boundaries, eightdegreesgotCyt~iaru; lot,thelirst

Inthis, aftt:r ht:rwasStilt>On"s lotde~ees twicethru,

And PhaetbGn was allouod eight. and PhainOn five. AfterthesetheremainingdegreesgotPyrocisas lut.

ACcording to Ptolemy. thus: Aphn;xlitc, eight; HemJcs, 7; Uus, 7; Arc>, 6: Kronos. 2. Its bright degrees are the third. fifth, tenth, seventccnth, t ... ·cn.ty-eighth. thirtieth.

Its decans are three: the lirst i~ ChOou. the second Ero, the third H rombromnn. He who ha:; the first marlr.:::ing the huur will be agreeable, deartornany,andm.akelifesweet, buthewill toil, andaftcr rejecting the fU"St marriage, he wiH many a seduced woman and there will be great happiness for him. l lle 5igns: His head will be large; his eyes large; hi.~ size proponionate; hi.~ lips large. Tht:re will be a mork around thcthroat,aJsoaroundthehowm.allll anothcraroundtherightrib. The critical period.~ of this da:au arc the 1st year, 4th, 8th. lith, 2200, J3rd, 49th,56th,69Lh. noo.

' fi~ed. [Rill

ArK! he who has the sooor>d d«an marking the h<Jur will be wealthy, dominoering. ready of wit, and well-married, deemed worthy of being a trustee or a guardian. 1be sign: 1l1e face will be wide; tile chest quite broad; the eye well-formed; the earso wide; ' he will be furnished with hairaroundtheshoulders.· lfe wil l· haveablack mark around thenanksorundcrthebrca.star>dtensionamundthecontracted tendons. 'Thecriticalperiods ofthisdecanarelhe7thyear,l3th,22nd, 31st. 43rd,56th,61st, 74th,84th,91st.

Andthose .wboha•·ethethird decanwillbefromgreatparentsand they will separate them and they will not manage their e&l.llte well. and they will be away from home and they will experience ~hipwrecks, and theywilltalkshamefullyandcrnotiunally,anddodamagetothcplace that pertains to intercourse. and they will come to have no enjoyment innatural inten:ourse.andtheywillset asidetheird ignifiedfacade, and wme of them die untimely deaths. 'The signs of thi s decan: 'They will bewcll-formedalldpleasingintheface.resemblingawoman, but they "'' illhaveablemishin thelcfleyeoraroundone ofthcirfeet. Thcywill have delicate eyebrows, of moderate length and thin. The critical pc.-iods ofthisdecanarethe9thyear, 12th, 23rd,31st,461h,S9th,6ht, 74th.

The interstice of Taurus and Gemini: He who has the II<Jroslwpo1

in th is wi ll have two natures. He will be without posterity. unswmly. unmolo:k:d, andfCHmlessinhislimbs

The twelfth-part G~mini, which is taken for the shoulders [of the cosmosl. is the house of Hermes, bicorporeal. masculine, rational. human in form .

And ingeneral,it is productiveoftcmpcring;butinparticular,its preceding parts are destructive; the middle parts, temperate: the following pans. mi~ed artd unordered; the nonhero parts, full of wind andpruductive ofearthqualr::es;thesoulhernpartS.rlryandscorching.

Likewise. accordingtoDorotheus·

Underitthec\imeoftheCappadocians is ''ocal Or that of the Perrhaebians and the god-created Phoenicians as well

According to l"'olemy: Hyrcania, Armenia, Mantinea,' Cyrenaica, Marmarica, Egypt by country. But by part, in the oonhem twin of Gemini,furthc:foot, Boeotia;alongthellands. Thnlce;undertheback, Galatia;inthcsouthcmtwin,under the buttocks,Pontos;fortheback, Cilicia; for the sboulder biOOe, Phoenicia; for the top of the head, Indica.

The boundaries. thus·

Tile prior six degrees wasSti\bOn"slot in this. An equal share got PhaethOn, five got Paphi~' liS tllird, TbereafterragingAres'scven,arldPhainOnsix aga in

According to Ptolemy; Hennes, seven; Zeus, 6; Aphrodite, 7; Ares, 6; Kronos, 4.lts bright degrees are the 6th. 19th, 21st, 30fh

Tilethree.decansarethese:thefirstisTho.wlk,theSCCQndOuare, the third Plwuori. Hewhohasthefirstdecanrnarkingthe hourwil\be ready of wit and learned, fond of good cheer, erotic, with a hatred of work, irritatedbytrifles,makinga li vi ngin placesnear thesea.aodhe will have a hard time senling down with a wife, and he will take a wife out of love oc friendship, and he will engage in ulestial learning. The signsof thisdecan: He will have crisp, curly hair, and will be tall in ~tatull:: he will have two whorls on his head. an extra finger on his band. Thecriticalperiodsofthisdccanarethe 1st year, 9th, 24th, 34th, 43rd,53rd,65th, 73rd

And he who has the second will be brought up with wealth; he will separatehisparentsbydeathand willdim.inisht!,eir estatt,andhewill be moresplendid thanhisparentsthroughhisownacquisitions.andhc wi ll behoooredamongpricsts,andbewillbegoodatbusiness.andhe will take a wife by reason of blood, and after the instabiliti..:s in his early years. he will be furnished with good things. The sigru; of this dcca n: He will be of medium stature, with a well-formed face, great of body. There will be a mark under the armpit. The critical periods of this decan arethe7thyear,12th,l9th,21st,26th,36th,43rd.56th.65th, &41h,92nd.

Andbewho has thethird decan, after havingbeenalllictedduriog youth, will ~parate hi s parents il!ld diminish their estate, and he will

1 Manl~. ' A~r name for Aphrodi te.

dwell in foreign lands for the most part. and he will blaspheme owing to loss. He will be at fault in his dealings with a wmnan and he takes a wife unwonhy of him or a woman with a past The signs: He will be thin of face and small of eye, yellow of body; he will be boastful. The critica.lperiodsofthcgodarethe7thyear, l2th.21st,32nd.43rd,52nd, 64th,74th,86th, 92nd

And he who has the interstice of Gemini and Cancer will sustain injuryamur>dhisorgansofvisionorwillhavewhite spots1 inthem,but if:&ussees this pl~~Cethedamage will beofoneeye.

The twelfth·part Cancer, which is taken for the breast and ribs [of the cosmos]. is the house of the M()()n. exaltation of Zeus arour>d fifteen degrees, summer, tropical. mute. amphibious. fruilful , humped, very wet, fem i~.ine. nocturnal ,' commanding. fMrosWpos of the co~mos

And ingener.ll,i t iscalm and hot. But in particular. the preceding partsofitthroughoutthcMangerarefullofstiflingheatandproductive of earthquakes ami full ofmisl; the middle parts are temperate: the following pans arc full of wind; the nQrthcm and southern parts are torrid and scorching. The so-called Manger in it makes white spot~ in the eyes.

To it are subject the clime of the Thracians and Ethiopians.

According to Ptolemy: Noumidia, Carthage, Africa, Bithnyia, l'hrygia, Cokhica. But by (XUU. as Odapsos' says: the foreparts, Bactriana; the left side, Akarnania and Hellespontus and the Western Sea and Bretania and the island of 'Thoule: for the foot, Annenia and Cappadocia, Rhodes, Cos and the islands of lllium; for the middle, Asia; on the right, Lydia , Hellespontus.

The boundaries, thus:

Of boundaries, the PJiOrscven degreesThouros got as lot lnthis.thereafterCythereiasixdegrecsdidget, An equal number Hennes, Zeus tbe radiant got sc~en after him,

1 ~ukDm/J. Nol cataracts, but white ~pots caused by the h.m!eninJ! of the cornea

'Sc<: f"'g~ 3, nore 2 1 We don't koow w~o thi• f~llow is

According to Ptukrny: Ares, 6; Zeus, 7; Hermes, 7: Aphrodite, 7; Kronos, 3. 1tsbrightdegreesare !he 8th, 9th, 15th, 20th,22nd. 26th

'Thethroedecansofthiszllidinn:thellrstisSlithis, thesi:condSit, theth irdC/moumi.!. HewOOisborn.thcn,uponthefm;t decanwill be good, quiet, trusted for what he sa.ys, full of care, dear to many, one who acquires much out of his inventiveness and who prevails over enemies; but be will be at fault in his dealings with a woman, and aft~r marrying, he will bury his youthfu l spirit, and later be will be affectionately treated and at the end he wi ll ha•·e a fineend.TI>esigns: lie will be tall in site, the hair youthful and curled up, the eyes pleasing, the eyebrows likewise. the nose high-raised, the shoulders broad, thetendonsofthefcetstandoot. There will heamark.underthe armpit or under a breast, and another mark upun the right elbow. The criticnl periodsofthisdecanwillbethe9thycar, llth,2 1st,33rd,49th. 56th,63rd,?lst,S6th.

He who is brought fonh upon the second decan will be raised with ~althandwillbcbctterthanhisparentsandwillseethedcathofhis

bruthcrs,andhewillbcinthcpublic$Crviceandwillbeheldinesteem by the multitude and will be entrusted with laws. He will be inconstant withawifeandhewillbcaggrievedwithhischildren.ll>esignsofthis dcc.an: He will be smal l of size, swarthy. the chin bare:, the chest small. A black mark will be found upon the navel. [He is ] "one who makes men glad with hili words, but not entirely with his deeds. The critical periodsaretbe4th year,7th,l2th.23rd, 42nd,54th,62nd,73rd,88th.

He who is brought forth upon the third decan will be prudent and willberaisedinafamilyofnoaccount,andbc.,.illseparate"hisparenlll by death and will diminish his patrimony, and he will be fond of his friends. and he will he afflicted in his you th , at fault in his d~alings with a women: he will make hi s living in military exercise. and he wi11 be experi~nced with iron, and he wi11 meet with a good ~nd. 1be signs of this decan: He wi ll be of middling stature. well -fed, oily, ye11ow, white, the eyebrows large. the ch~st broad, pot-bellied; he will have trouble with his viscera. 1be criti~al period.~ are the 4th y~ar. 7th, 12th, 24th. 33rd, 49th, 52nd, 63rd, 69th, 72nd, 86th. And let it not be overlookedthattbeyappropriau:lyacceptChnoumisasasafe-guardof the stomach, since it is lord of the bruastof theeosmos, occording to what [parts[ thcdivisionofthet,iiidilleontains.

10

~ interstice uf Cancer and Leo malr:es those who are mad if noroe ufthebendicsbearswillless.andsucharecastoutbytheirparentsand kin and they live wi th the quadrupeds, but when thcji<J(XIplanets are lookingon.tbeycause injuryandsuffering

The twelfth-part Uo, which is considllled as the heart and the places around it,isthehooseoftheSun,diurnal,1 four-footed,barren,lr.ingly, mascul ine, tcrr~:~;trial, licemiou~. semi-vocal

And in general, it is soon:hiog and stifling. But in particular. its precedingparuare stifling and pestilential for quadrupeds; the middle is temperate; the following part.~ are hum.id and cause destruction; the northempartsare productiveofmovement andfiery;thesouthern parts

To it are subject Hellas, Phrygia,and themouthoff'llntus

According to Ptolemy: Italy, Gaul, Apulia, Phoenicia, Chaldaea. Orchenia. But by pans, according to the inquiries of others: for the bead,Propontis;forthebreast, Hellas:urnlcrthebclly,Macedonia;tbe partsnearthetaii,Phrygia

The boundaries, thus:

The prior six degR:es does Pbaetll<'ln occupy in this, Five has Paphif, and PhainOn seven after her, Sixh.as Hennes. six las t did Ares get as lot

According to Ptolemy: Zeu~. six: Aphrodite. six; Hennes. seven; Kronos, si~; Ares, five. 1lle bright degrees of this z!}idion are the lsi, 4th.5tb, l6th.20lh.30th.

Its decans are three: the first is Chmchrwumis. the secol!d E.~. the third Pho~pt. He who is brought forth, then, upon the first decan will beguardodbycrowds,andwillbelistenedto,andhewill beacute and nottobc:despised,one whodoeswellbythoses~,~bjecttohim,andhc

willinvestigateandacquiremuch,thoughhewillbeopentocensureon account of a woman. 1be signs of this decan: lie will he tall in stature, thefaceyouthful.red,theeyeslarge.kecn-scentcd,thelegsthin:be willhavetroublewithhisfectandllatuletJCc.Thecriticalperiodsofthis

1 Sc<opagc3.001C2.

II

god will beth~ l~t year, 11th, 23rd, )2nd, 46th, 57th, 69th, 72nd, 74th, 88th.

And he wbo is brought fonh upon the secood OCean will be a mastcr,alcing;hewillbedeclarcdaplenijiO(eotiary.andhewillsubject many and fournl cities, and many will pay tribute to tum.' and there will be knowledge of god in him, and thediscov~ryofgoltl, aTKI his mind will be inspired by him, and his honor e<:jual to the gods. The signs: He will be quite large, bmatl-ch<:sted; he will be withered from IUs thighs tohisfcc:Lilissk.in!ion-colored,asweetconversationnlis.r;hewil!have trouble with IUs tendons. The critical periods of this got! are the 9th year, 21st, 34th,46th.52ntl. 70th. Death will be sudden.

And he whoisbrou!olhtforth uponthetllirddecanwill be raised with wealth. and he wiJJ be prudent, learned, d~ar to many: he will have bodily injuries and binhmarb and kingly struggles and powerful plots against him: later he will o~ercome them, and be will have authority over property and will he good at business on behalf of gods, am! he will be well-favored by women. but he will be injured in his extremities.'J"hesignsofthisdecan: He will bcofmidd lingstature.the face red, the <:yes protruding;2 he will be unbridled around women. 1be criticalperiodsnrethe7thycar,13th,23rd, 43rd.52nd.66th.74th, 88th. He will come to IUs end on his own [day]1 and will be honored at burial.

Those who II1C brought fonh upon the intentice will be siknl"' and he will be neartothegods,andSOilW! "ill die unmarried

'J"he twelfth -pan Virgo. which is itself taken for the belly. will be the hOuse and e!laltation of Hermes aro\nJd the fifteenth tlcgrcc, diurnal,' r:itional, vOClll, human in fonn, barn.n, bi~, reminine, obedient,

1 phoroiogismuin auWi. lbe luicon ~oay~ 11\at in tile activ~ (a> here) this yCfb IDC8IIll "to l~vy tribute from." which doc:• 1101 seem to make ..,,..., in thi! contc~t with 'many' as the 5ubjcct. It seems lO mo. thM the root• of the verb could just as well mean 'to bo:ing tribute to,' and thi• is how l ha"" tran~lated

1 Se<:IIOtcundersecnnddecanofArie<. 1 ~pi lb idias. A fcmini ..e 001m is implied here, soch as hi-ro. meaning

'day.' This may perflal"' moan hi1 l>irthday.

12

• From Harpocrau:s, the Egyptian god of Jik occ 'S«pa~J.n()(e2.

winged. And in general , it is watery and full of thunder. But in particular.

itsprecedingpartsarehol:teranddestructive; the following parts are soaked;thenorthernpans.windy;thesouthernparu .temper .. te

Underitentirethe virgin islands Rhodes and Cyclades, And the Ogygian trees, whi~h men of Arcady consumed. And greatstreamOceanusdeeplycddying, It has as well the Achaian clime of Laconian land and laconians

According to Ptolemy: Babylonia. middle Ethiopia. Mesopollimia, Assy ri a. Hellas, Ach.aia, Crete. But by parts: for the back, Ionia: for the middle ofthe leftside. Rhodes. Peloponnesus; forthetrninoftherobe on the left side, Arcadia. Cyrene; for the right hand, Doris; for the left, Sicily:forSpica,Persia.

"Theonleroftheboundaries,thus:

The seven first degrees was Sti lblln's lot upon it. And ten has Kupris.' Phacth6n four against her, Seven Ares, the twothe lastdid Ph.ain ll n get as lot.

According to Pto lemy, thus: Hermes, seven; Aphrodite, six; Zeus, S; Kron-os , 6; Ares, S. The bright degrees ufthis r.Oidion are the IO!h. 17th. 20th. 26th. 29th.

'The three dccans of this Widion: the first is TOm, the SC<."Qnd O~steb/Wt. the third Aphoso. He who is brought forth upon the first decan. then, will be good, fond of laughte r, dear to many; he will go through hi s life in luxury. wifeless because of not remaining with one woman, and hi s personal dairn.on and luck will be his protector, and though he will be unhealthy, he will al so find medical relief; and after hi s yooth he will be well-favored by women and he will meet with a fine end. The signs of this decan: His height will be lofty, his soul courageous, the face well-formed, the eyes lovely,thenosesnub anda little thick . lie will have a mark o n hi~ bosom. 'The critical periods of thisgodaJethc7thyear, l2th,23rd, 41 st.S7tb, 63rd, 7nd,86th.

And he who is brought forth upon the second (]e:(:an will br:

' Another name for Aphrodi~c. from the land of Cyprus.

\3

prudent,rcadyofwit..learned, acutc,graccful ,aprivatepro~rtyo\Oo11er,

disdainful of patrimonies. And if Aphrodite should be sympathetic to this decan, he is shown kindness with music and harmony, and he is loved. TIJCsignsof thisdecan: lle will be of becoming size, lhc face fine, revere nt towanlthegods, andhe willllave agreat name; he will rule ovc.-many, he wi ll be prudent and ha\-e good handwriting and a euphonious voice. and he will haveatineend.lbe critical periods of thisgodarethe4th,9th,l6th,2211<1,35th,43rd,57th,63rd,75 th.82nd, 96th.

Ana he who is brought fonh upon the third dt:ean will be weal thy and learned, temperate, just, one who minds his own business. pious, generous, and .~ucce.«sful. but he will suffer through children and wife. though he will meet with a fine end. The signs of thi~ decan: He will bcofmiddlcstature , small of head,keen-scented;llcwillnotbclacking forbrcadunti l his~;bewillbesho_rt-lh'edandhewilldieby iron.

The critical periodsofthisgodarethe9ttl, 18th, 24th, 35th, 42nd,66lh, 74th, 86th

And be who is brought forth upon the interstice will be castrated or one who cunsoru with men; and if she should be a woman. she will be a rubber and one who consort.~ with women and perfonns the actions of men

The twelfth-pan l-ibra, which is taken for the bips, is the house of AP,h!Qd i t~:, nal tation of Kronos around the .20th degrM, equiparti tc, autumnal. human in fpnn, vocal. perforated.' m:Heulinc, cutoff in the limbs,obedient.. · •

And in gencral, it is j:>.Wuciive of turns and change.~j n the weather But in particular, its preceding and middle pans arc temperate; the followingparts,soaked;iheoorthcrnparts,windy; the southempans. humid and pestilential

.As well the clime of Cyrene is undcmcath the claws, The Italian n:gion too oomcs 'neath the scale itse lf.

As others would ha'-e it: Bactriana, Caspcria, Serica, lhebais, Oa.~is,

Trugludyti"- But by pan, accord ing to the inqu iry ofOdapsis and others, Libra, which is the Claws of Scorpio is: for the f~bl:ad, Rome and the

' •uriggfj(Ju.Literally, '!ike a pipe '

surrounding regions: lhe middle, Arabia, Egypt, Elhiopia, Canhage: lhe hindparts, Libya. Cyrene and the contiguous places: lhe right side, Sparta and Libya. the boundary of Smyrna: for the head, Tyre, the fruitedislandofThracelyingagainstArabia:forthebreast.Ci licia:for thehelly,Sioope

The boundaries, thus:

Of boundaries in this was six degrees allotted PhainOn, Eightthegreatandgleaming star of Hennes. Se\·en radiant Zeus, and Paphii!gor likewise seven, The two remaining g01 the star of Ares as his lot

According to Ptolemy: Kronos. 6: Aphrodite, 5: Hermes, 5: Zeus, 8: Ares, 6. The bright degrees of this <JJidion are the 12th, 17th, 23rd, 30<h.

The docans are three: the first is Souc~. the second Ptlchout, the third Chontar~. He who is brought forth upon the first dccan will be prematurc.'andhewillseparatehisparents.andwillbctriedbylosses and griefs, and he will leave behind his patrimony and will be among mcnofothcrraccs,andafterhavingundergonemanytroubles,hewill rcturntohispatrimonyandwillbcimprovedandhewillseethegrowlh ofchildren. Tilcsignsofthisdecan:Hcwillhavcthe name ofadespot: there will be a blow and a wound in the head: he will be burnt around his handsandfeetinafire: havingbeenthrowndownaprecipice, he will not die. The critical periods of this god are the 9th year, 16th. 22nd,36th,49th,59th.66th,77th.

And he wbo is brought fonh upoo the §CCOnd decan wi ll be brilliant, wealthy, domineering, and one who leaves his home for expectations and kingly gifts and honors. but such a one will fall in with a good companion and will have the binh of children. and make discoveries a.ndbeholdthegrowthofchildren.Tilcsignsofthisdecan: He will be of average size, thefaccdark, the hair thin; thercwiU be a black marl; uponhisbreastandanotheruponhisloins.andhc will be

oppressed by [thi5 dccan). The critical periods of this god are the 9th year.J2th.14th, 36th, 41st,58th. 63rd.74th,88th.

And he who is brought fonh upon the third decan will be

' progQMI . This can o.lso mean 'tirst ·bom.' and may have th is muning here.

"

unwcarying, well- ~hape<J, geoorous, dear to many, and in public occupations. Hcwillbeknowledgeableinmanyareas.goodatbusiness on behalf of gods. but he will ha~e a hard time settling down with a wife . and will talc one married before and will have offspring; a few will also wear crowns and rule o~er cities. 1be signs of this decan: He will be yellow of face; his ey~brows will be around his eyes; he will raise up an adopted son; he will have trouble with his tendons. The criticalpcriodsofthc godarethelstyear,9th,l l th,23rd,36!h.42nd, 59th,68th,791h

And he who is brooght fonh upon the interstice will have ulcerationsorputrefactionsordischargesandpcrforations,or evcn dropsy and freckling and throat tumors and indurations or ~aricose veins.

The tvoelfth-part Scorpio, which is taken for the genitals, is th~ house ofAres. Thispointpreventsissueandnaturallymak.esthceyes disabled or cataracts and white spots on the cornea bocause of the star clusters whicharenearby in thcMUkyWay,anditissolid, feminiroe,terrestrial. diuma\,1 contractive/ mute, cui off in the limbs, obedient. scaly, humped, perforated

Andingeneral, itisfulloflhunderandfiery . But in particular. its preceding paru are snowy; the middle parts, temperate; the following paru,fullofeanltquakes;thenorthemparts,scorching;thcsouthem part.~. humid .

. Underitcameall Carthage, built by tile llandofTyre,1

LibyaundcrAmmoo'scyeandSicilyhisland.

A<.:4'1Ji\ling to Ptolemy: M~tagonitis, Mauritania, Gactulia., Syria, Comangene, Cappadocia. By part is subject; in the forcpans., Italy; underthe middle, Iberiaandthecontiguouspl=;forthefurehead, RomeandBasternia

16

The boundaries , thus ·

1 S~page3,DO!e2 1spa.1tikot l TuribDidmuCheri.?

Ofboundarydegreeswas PyrocisallottedsevenoftltiJ, Againl'apltii'!four,thereafterStilbOneight, Five took Zeus the radiant, six last did f'tlaioon get

Au;onli'ng to Ptolemy: Ares, six; Aphrodite, 7; Zeus. 8; liennes, 6: Kronos, 3. The bright degrees are the 7th, 10th, 14th. 20th, 30th.

The decan~ are three: the first is SrtJ.chntne, the second SestM, the third Si,Tieme.lle "''ho is brought forth upon the first decan will be ready of wit, learned:. just, and he will divide his parents and he will be [invo lved with] fin es' and he will alternate places. and he will he heeded and he will rule over .-egions and propeny and he wi ll give freely of many things. But if the star of Aphrodite should regard, he will be an ani!;lln of gold and sih·er or money. and he will he well-favored by women. The signs of it: He will be lovely in siz.e; he will have a wound in the head; the eyes large, the chest and the shoulderswide:there willbeamarkontheleft footandanotht:ronthe right hand. The critical periodsofthegodaretlte9th, 12th. 2200. 33rd, 421>d,56th,63rd,69th,76th,8Sth ,93rd

And he who is brought fonh upon the second decan will be large, wealthy. domineering. learned, sweet of speoech, temperate, acquiring manythingby hisownefforts,knooo:ledgeableinmanythings,and he will he made a slave by free men; he partakes of many ans ar>d mtL~ic and the wrestl ing sehool; sometimes he hec()mes a sh ip's captain, other times indeed a military commander. And if the decan should he contcmplatedbyAres,itcausescutsandburnsandconsrrictionsaround the utremities. 'The signs of this deean: He will he of medium si1..e, a large head, well-formed in the eyes, graceful of limb; there will he a markaroondthebo:som andthe loins.'Thecriticall"'riodsan:thc7th year,\ l th ,22rod,33rd,42nd,S7th:,6lst,73rd.84th,89th.

And he who is brought fonh upon the third deean will he involved in lossesandirregularitiesandsta.ysabrmtdoutdmak.inghisforrune.' and he will be p5ychologicallyandbodily unw~ll . and will experience the plottings of enemies: he will be inconstant in the mauer of a wif~ (for he will consort either wi!h slaves or married women or those who haveinjuries).andhewillbeingriefoverchildren;afterthefirstperiod of his life he will !IUjuire many things and wi ll rule over other areas

' ~" zi;mUU.. 1 1ud~•'""-~ri.<ntm. Lilorally,'lhcupli flingoffnrrune '

17

and will meet with a fine .,nd. And if Aphrodite should look on, he will befascinatingandwillhavefame andtalentformusicanddancingand gold and si lver. The signs of this decan: He will be of small size. black. greedy;he"·illhaveablemisbonhisbody;hewillbeplottcdagainst and willdieofadrugorpoison. The critical periodsarc the3rdycar, 9th,14th, 18th ,22r.d,31st,43rd, 55th, 65th,74th,ll3rd.87th

1h: intcrsticemakcsforexpulsionby the parents . And if the star ofZeusshould lookon,itwill bringaboutareturntotheparentsorto mherswhoadopt them

l bc twelfth-partSagilrarius, as far as which the thighs ascend , is the houseofZeus. bioorporeal,male, terrestrial, four-footed, barren,kingly, wingf!d, diurnal ' and in pan human in fOftJl, cut off at the limbs and in half,vocal,petforatW.

Andingeneral,itiswindy. Butinpllrticular,itsprecedingpartsare walery; the middle, temperate; the following parts, fiery; lhe northern paru,windy;tbe.southemparts,verywetandchangeable.

And under itwasspreadtheclimeofthcGauls.deeply rich. And Crete, the nurse of Zeus the son of Kronos, where too Arose the wedding of ra,·ished Europa and mighty Musa?'

According to Ptolemy: T}'rrhenia, Celtica, Spain.. Arabia Felix. AccordingtnHipparchus:forlhelowerback.Crete.Sicily;fur.theribs . Italia; forthcmiddleandbclly, lberia.Andocoord ingto.-theinquiries ofOdapsosandothers, the forepart.~: Crete and the conti guous regions; theleft side.Sicily;thcrightside,Cyprusandthe RedSea; fortherear feet, the Ouziomas,' Tyrrenes; for the lowec back, the Caspians and the nationsaround theEuphrates; for thetaii,Mesop::~tamiaandQmhage

and !he Western Sea; forthehead, ltalyand tbeholluwofAdriaand those who dwd[ around it; for the breast, Syria; for the qui~er. the Atlantic Sea; for the belly. the Triballi. Bactriana, Sici ly; for the forefeet, Egyptandthecontiguousregions.

18

TI-oeboundaries.thus:

1 S<:epage3,no~c2. 1 Muu? 1 Vasio1

Ten firstdegreesofihisdid Plt,..,thc>n getaslnt, Then five got Paphi~. thereafter StilbOn \ht'ee, Hennes' 101: was four, and PhaiOOn's five as well, Twice two degn:es n:maining Ares gm as 101.

According to Ptolemy: Zeus, I; Aphrodite, 5: Hermes, 5: Kronos. 6: Ares. 6. Thcbrightdegrcesarethe 4th, 6th, lOth. 18th. 26th, 29th

The three decans of this ziiiditm: the first is Hri ouQ, the second Su m<!', the third Kommt:. He who is brought forth upon the first decan willbeadefoct iveandawaste,andhewillbeconfrontedwithjealousy (s ince Saginarius is a discarder and a recipient): and he will ha~ knowledge of god and will be good at business and will see the deaths of his relatives andhewho isin dangttwill be preservedbythegod.~

And those brought fonh will have an extra limb, and !hey will support many out of goodness, and they will be close to the great. Thcy will alsobreedhorsesorbeguardiansandger>eralsandmarkcH:lerksand archpriests. and they will be well -favoutl by women. The signs: he will be very beautiful instature,lbceyeslovely, ther>Ose large, with fine eyebrows; he will have a marl: on the rih. Thc cri tical periods of the god arethcllthyear.22nd.Jlst,46th,53rd.63rd.77th,8&h

And he who is brought forth upon the: 5e(:(lnddecan wi ll separate hi s parcntsandwillbeinamietion andpovertyandhewillliveabroad and run into those hedoesnotexpocl.andhc will have an uplil\ingof soul. He will be wdl-favored by a companion and will experience a em and bluudshcd. And if one of the bendics should bear witne.~s to the ev il maners. it will undo it, and as he: advance$ in years he will be bener. He wi ll practice the arts of silvcr and gold or of money. The signs of this decan: He will be Wlow of face, the eyebrows wide. a mart will be found on his che5t, his back will be lean. 1be critical periods of the god wi ll be the 11th year, 19th, 21st. 32nd.46th, 5 1st, 61st,72nd,86th,91sl

And he who is brought fonh upon the third decan will be raised wealthy and will be from great parents, acute, learned; and he will be in the publ ic service and will be a lord of life and death and close to kings . And he will be an exe•·utor of royal commands and campaigns And if the: dt:can should be witnessed by Zeus, it will make leaden, instructoR of kings, those wbo mflke citie~ ~object. But if the dccan 5houldbewitnes!.Cdby Kronosoradcgreeof Kronossbouldberising, it will cause a defection of the multitude and a loss of mon<:y and

19

instabilities and enmities and the plottings of slaves_ The signs of the decan:smallinhcight,thcfocelovcly,thelefteyesuffersfromcataract, thechest _quite wide,coorageousofsoul; hewillhave amarl: ontheleft leg.ll>ecriticalperiodsofthegodarelhellthyear,l6th, 36th, 42nd, 51st, 67th, 72nd. Death will be sudden

And the interstice makes him blameworthy in his early yellTS. But if it sbouldbe female. the disposition will be in companionship and community and she who sleeps with a great man will be loved. and she will be witll him when she is divorced from a fomler husband, and she willmeetwithafineend.

The twelfth-part Capricorn, which is taken for the knees. is the house ofKronos,exaltationofArcsaroond tbe28thdegrec,tropical, pcnaining to the winter, feminine. diurnal,' barren, obedient, amphibi ­ous, double-natured. semi-vocal.

Andingeneral,itisverywet.Butinparticular,itsprecedingparts arescorchinganddestructive;thcmiddle parts,tcmpcrate; thcfollowing parts, productive of the movement nf storms; the northern and southern parts, very wetanddestructi.-e

ToitwassubjtlCitheall..desolateCimmerianland

Acconling to Ptolemy: India, Ariana, Gedrosia, Thrace, Macedonia, IUyria. But according to the inquiries of others, thepanstothewest and southaresubjecttoit: forthe rihs,theAegean Seaandthose dwe!ling llround it.and Corynth; furthcwaistandlhebacl:,theGreatSca;for the tail , Iberia; for the head, Cyllenia, Tyrrenia; for the breast. the Tym:nian Sea; for the belly, middle Egyp1, Syria, Caria.

Tile boundaries, thus:

AgainthesevenfirstdegreesStiiOOngotaslot, And PhaethOn seven, Cythcreia twice four.

' PhaiOOnhas twice two, the lasthasAresequal to it

According to Ptolemy, thus: Aphrodite. 6; Hennes, 6; Zeus, 7; Kronos, sil{; Arcs. 5. The bright degrees oftherJ}idion are the 6th, 12th, 15th, 24th, 30th.

'Secp~~gc3,nutc2.

20

'The three IJccans o f it: the first is Smar, the 5eeoml sro, the third l~rii. He who is brought fOfth upon the fit$\ will be the first chi ld or the firsr reared.prodent,deep, learned,good,onewhospeaksootfreelyand subjugateshis cnemies:wbcnhe isin dangerhcwillbe~seroed by

hisown dcviccs.and hcwill sustain manylossesinhiscarlyyears;and he wi ll be inconstant with a woman. But if Zeus should te.~ti fy to this decan, he will have gond timesand make discoveries, and he wi ll rule over many, and he will meet with a li lll"'end. 'Thesignsofthisdecan short in lleight. the chest broad: when walking around his tendons lf!Qve; he will have a black mart on the annpit. The critica l years of the godarethel st,4tll,9th. ll th.17lh.22nd,3 1st, 42nd,S6th,63rd,72nd, lllst,89th.

And he wlloisbrought forth uponthcse(:ond lh:an will separate his pan:ntsbydeathand will diminish their estate and he wi ll suslain lossesandwilllive abrood:andbeingsubtleinhismanners.hewill be raised wi~ gn:at men; and lie r'ill make a living,by means of wat~r. And he wtll not senlc down wnh a woman, or else he will be late m marrying and will be an object of slander over married women, widows. and slave.~: but after his e;orly y~. he will be benefited by a woman and will meet with a fine end. The signs of this decan: of due height andlarge, withcomelyeycs,thc noschigh.theeycsfullofdelight,but ill -dispo5cdand llot and ba!;e.lllecritical years are the 6th, 9th, l l lh. 22nd,3lst.4l st,52nd,6Jrd.76th,81st

And hewhoisbrought forth upon the thirddecan willbeofgn:at and noble paren1S, and will be raised with wealth and trusted with much:andhe"·illbe leamedanddeartomany.acute,withahatredof ltnaves.l iccntioos.easilychangcable: and he will be inconstant with a woman, but later he will be well -favored by bcr. and he will acquire much and rule over many. 1be signs of this decan: He will be sallnw: he will have a markun the left elbow and on the thighs. and he will live a short li fe with intensity. The critical periods of the god are the 4th year, 7th, 11th, 22nd, 33rd,46th, 52od. 63rd, 72nd. Death .. ;n be

inafon:ignland. And the interstice makes those wOO are expelled or devoured by

'""'' The twelfth-part AqloUlriu.s, which is taken for the legs. is the house of

21

Kronos; mascul ine, solid, vocal, rationa l, nocturnal,' human in form. Alld in gen~ral, it is frigid and wakry. But in particular, ill>

precedingpartsareverywet:themilkllc,tcmpcrate; tllefollowingparts, windy; the nonhero parts. scorching; the southern, snowy

Subjcctloit:

... thcdimeofEgypt AndtheMiddleoftheRivers.1

[According 10 Ptolemy:] Sauromatica. O;o;iana, Sogdiana, Anobia, Az:mia, Germanica. Hy part, the~ is subjecl to it: for the left hand and tbe breast. Syria: ulld e~ the righr hand , Euphrate.~ and Tigris; for the pitcher, Tanai~andtho!leriverslflowing ] IOthesouthandwesL

Hennes got the seven fil"!lt a~ 101, then after him GQI: Cypris six degrees, thereaftt:r PhaetbOn did seven get, AndragingAresfiw,thelastfivc Kronosgot.

According to Ptolemy: Kronos, 6: Hermes, 6; Aphrod.ite, 8: Zeus, five; Ares, 5. The bright degroes of this ~idion are tbe l i th, 17th, 20!h, 2.'ith,29th.

hsthreedecans:thefirstPtiau.theSCCQndAue,thethirdPtebuou. He who is brought forth upon the firs! decan will be great, wealthy, learned, dear to many, one who speaks out fleely. with a hatred of knaves. arighteousjudge.andmanywillfleetohimforrefugcbe<::ause of his justness; and he will be deemed worthy of images and statues, and he will he we ll -favored by women; but he will see the deaths of his children.TIM;:signsofthisdecan:Hisfacewillbeshaved,amarkwiH bcfoundonhischestoronhisleftfootandonllisrih: thctoesofhis feet will curl up.TIIecriticalperiodsofth<::godarethe7thyear, lith, 19th,22nd,31st,57th,62nd,76th,81st,92nd.

And he who is brought forth upon the second decan will be afflictedinhisbodyandinhiswholedailylifc;hewillhavecomplaints anddrugpreparationsandslanders,andhewillbeindaugerbccauseof ltisllead, andhewillsuffcrlossandconflagrationsandshipwrecks.and he will be inconstant in his dealings with his wif~. He will have these

1&e page3,001e2. 'Mesopo!amia

in his early yean;; but later he will have re lief. acquiring many things The signs of this decan: not quite of good size, his color dark; he will be a blessing in the !louse wherein he was broughtfonh; t11ere will be a mark ontheloinsand underthearmpitandonthebreast,andthetoes of his feet will be separated. Thecriticalperiodsofthe godare the 12th year, 26th.33rd,44th,56th,6Sth,73rd,S4th, 95th.

And he whoisbroughtforthuponthethirddecan will be begotten bythegods,andhewillbegreatandobserve the religiousrirua lsof the gods, and he will be a lord of the world and many will obey him. These things will obtain ifbenefics should bearwitne!istothisplacewithout thepresenceofevilones. The signsofthisdecan will be: not quite tall inheight,theeyestawny-orangeaOOsallow;hewill have amarkupon therightshouldeTand undertheannpit TIJecriticalperiodsarethe 2nd year, 6th, 9th, 12th, 21st, 42nd, 5l~t, 64th, 74th, 80th.

Aod he who is brought fonh upon the interstice wi ll be a ponent, abortion-for example. a little satyr or hermaphrodite, albino. twin or two-headed.

The twelfth-pan Pi5cts, which is taken for the feet and base, is the house of Zeus. e~altation of Aphrodi te around 20 degrees, bioorporeal. feminine, fertile, noctumal,1 swimming, perforated, scaly, cut off, winged, mute.

In genernl, it is cold and windy. But in particular, its preceding p~ are temperate; the middle , very wet; the following pam, scorching: the northern parts, windy: the southern, watery

There is subject to it

.the Red Sea Up tothefloodofOceanus

[According to Ptolemy:] Phazania, Nasamonitis, Lydia, Cilicia, Pampltylia. By pan: for the southern fish, Mesopotamia; and for the back, the .' of Andromeda; for the northern fish, For the foreparts, according to Odapsos, Euphratesia and Tigris; and the middle, Syria and the Red Sea, India, middle PeTSia; and under the back, the Arabian Sea and Borysthencs; forth kilo\ of the nonhcm fish, Thrace;

1 Sec page ~. note 2. ' lacuna .

23

ofthcsoulhcrn fish, Asia and Sardo The botmdarie!i, thus:

The whole fll'St twelve degrees got Kupris, PhacthOn twice two, Sti!bOO three, Tbouro:s nine, The two deg«=es remaining PhainOn got M lot.

According to Ptolemy: Aphrodite, 8; Zeus, six; Hermes, 6; Arcs, 5; Kmnos. 5. The bright degrees of this Widion are the 8th, 15th, 20th. 23th. 25th, 30th.

Ttsthreedecans: thefirst isBinu,thesecond Chontau, the th ird P1ibiou. He who is brought forth upon tile first decan will be ~t and wiJJhavcthrongsunderhim;hewillbeste.ady,beneficenttowards!hosc subject to him. bu t he will be in grief over children. He will be pious and good at business. and he will be in danger with his ne-ck and escape from harm. And "'-omen wi ll withdraw from some of them; bo t when traversi ngtheirregularitiesofthedecan, he will haveagoodperindof time and will be well-favored by a woman and will beget children. The signs ofthisdecan:instatureofgoodheigllt,theface well-formed,the shoulders brood; and when he is walking, noises are heanl from his tendons. He will h.avea markunder tbeannpitand theundcrthcfeet. lbeeritical periodsofthegodarethe 12th year.22nd, 25th,27th.33rd. 42nd. 52nd, 64th. 73nl. 82nd.

Andhewhoisbrooghlfonhupontbesecond dc:can will be raised with wealth, and he will separate his parents and diminish their estate, andhewiUacquirernuchby himsclf;for,bewillbeonewOOis rathcr good at commerce and acq uis itive and philantluopic and learned, one wOOknowstheheavensandisatpeace;andhewilltrustandbetrusted al!d will be robbed by his friends, and he will marry a woman whom he also throws out after she has iQtrigued against him; and he will hav~ many enemies whom he "'i ll also wa~~:h over. But if a good sw sOOuld look upon, he will marry a line woman. and he will be tranquil and meet with a good end. lbc signs of the decan: not quite lofty in size, comely,the hairblacl:: andthin;hewillhaveamatl::on hisrightfoot and on his navel. Theeriticalperiodsofthegndan:thc4thyear. 7th, 10th,l6th,20th,3 1st,42nd.51st.61st.72nd,77dt,79th

And he who is brought forth upon the thirddecan will be graced and learned. dear to many, a voluptuary; but he will have a bodily injury and will sc:c dte death of hi s relatives and wife. And he will

make a living in the rivers and sea. but he will diminish the estate of his parents. He will be contentious toward those who hold sway, hut he willmarryaWQ(J)anwho issupcrior. Andifabeneficshould lonkon, he will acqui~ much and waste it oo luxury. 1be signs of this decan: he willbesallowandwithcat-likeeyes.ll!ecriticalperiOdsofthegod arethe2ndyear,6th.9th,l2th,21st,3ht,42nd,51st,67th, 74th, 80th. Death will be sudden

And he who is brought fonh upon the interstice will be a suicide, o r else he will die from a drinkable drug, or dse he will be strangled, orthrownoffaprecip ice,or he will be devoured by beasts, or be will bedecapitatedand nothonoredwithaburial.lhecriticalperiodsofthis imcrsticean:lheonesprecedingit.

2. Coocemiog !be Power or tbe Seven Wandering Stars'

ltwould beinordertorcceive inaddition [teachings]ooncemingthc powerofthe7wandcriogstars; for,thepowerofthefixedstars refers back to this. The Sun, then, islllken asheatinganddrying at the same time. The Moon moistens and, as it were, ripens bodies, along with slightlyheating. Kronoschillsandslightlydries. Areschieflydriesand bums. Zeus has a productive power that is temperate, heating and moistening at the same time. And the star of Aphrodite is temperately productive of the same things. The star of Hermes is oometimes drying , other times moistening.

Of these planets, Zeus, Aphrodite, the Moon, are benefic, while Kronos, A~s are malefic , and the Sun and Hermes neutral

And the Sun. Kronos, Zeus, Ares are masculine, while the Moon. Aphrod ite are feminine, and the star of Hermes is common. Funher­more, thcybecomemasculineandfemininebecause oftheirfigurations withtheSun. llllltis. in thefiguratioMfromrisinguptoculminating, or from setting up to culminating under the eanh, it signifies bcx:uming masculine since they are in eastern figurations. But in the remaining two quadrants, it signifies bcx:uming feminine, since they are in western 0~

And tbey say that the Sun, Kronos. Zeus, are diurnal, whi le the Moon, Aphrodite, Ares are nocturnal, and the star of llennes is

' lnthiscMptcrsummari7.CS$CVCralch.~jUrsofBool: 1., Tetrubiblru

J.Coocernin~: thePo.,·u oftheru:ed Stars

The powerandnatureofthefixed starsisalsotakenaccordingtothe similaritytotheplanetsoftbepowersandnaturcssuggestedbyeolor. as' lheancientsandthedivincPtolcmyh.avelaidout.

The stars in the head of Aries, then, ha•'C a productive effoct whicb is a mixture of the power of Ares and the power of Kronos; those in the IJIOU!h, of the power of Hennes aod ~lightly like !hat of Krono:s; those in lhe hiod foot, of the p!!Wcr of Ares; and those in the tail, of Aphrodite

Of the stars in Taurus, those in the head"haveamixture likethllt ofAphnxliteandslightlylikethatofKrooos;thoseinthePJeiades,like th.atoftheMuon andofArcs;ofthosein thebead,thr:brightand sornewbatreddishstarof thr: Hyades has a mixture like that of Ares.

OfthestarsinGemini.thoseuponlhefcethaveamixlureliketh:Jt nfHermesartdsomewhat like that of Aphrodite: thebrightstarsintbe thighs,lil.:etbatofKrooos:ofthe twobrightstars intheheads, theone intheprccedioghead(alsocalledtbestarofApollo)islit.:ethemixturc of Hennes. while the one in the following head (also called the star of Heracles)isl ikethe mixtureofAres

Oftbe stars in Cancer, the two upon the feet produce the same action as that of Hermes and somewhat the SiUTle as that of Ares; the stars in the claws. as the action of KtOOos and that of Hennes: the cloud·lit.:eclusterinthebreast(calledtheMan~r),asthatofA=and

theMoon;and thetwooneithersideofit(calledtbeAsses),astbe action ofAresandthatoftbeSun.

Of the stars in Leo. the two upon the head cause a similar [effect] asthestarofKronosandsllghtlyasthestarofAres;tbelhreestarsin thethroat,asthestarofKronosdoesandslightlyasthestarof Hcrmes; thebrightstarupontheheart (caUcd Regulus), asthe star of Ares and thestarof7..eus; thestarsinthe hip andthebrightstarupoothctail. as thenarofKronuoan<lthe•tarufAphrodite;andthestars inthethighs, astbeslarofAphroditl!andslightlyas thestarof Hermes.

Of the stars focVirgo, those in the head and the one upon the tip of the SO\Ithern wing ~ like the star of Hermes and slightly like the starofAres;tbcremainingbrii>bt starsofthe wingandthosealongthe gird!es,Jit.:e thestarofHermesandslightly likethestarofAphrodite;

26

thebrightstarintheoorrhem wing(called Vinderniatri~).likethcstar ofKronosand thestarofHennes; the so-called Spica, like the star of Aphroditeandsligblly likethestarof Ares; and !hestarsinlhetipsof the fcetand thetrainoftherobe:· liketheswofHcnnesandslightly like the star of Ares.

Of !he Claws of Scorpio, the stars at th~ir tips dispose in the same manna as !he star of Zeus and as star of Hennes, while the stars in the middledisposeinthesamernanner aslhestarof Kronosandasthestar of Ares.

Of the stan in !he body of Scorpio. !he bright stan in the forehead arelikethestarofAresandsomewhatl ikethestarofKronos;thethn:e stan in !he body, the middle one of which is reddish-hmwn and fairly bright(and iscallcdAntares),islikethestarofAresandsomewhat like the star of Zeus; the stars upon the joints. like the star of Kronos and sornewhatlikethestarof Aphrodite; the stars upon 1he sting, like the star of Hennes and like the Mar of Ares; and the S(J-(;aJicd cloud-like cluster.likethestarofATCsandof!heMoon

Of the stan arwnd in Sagittarius, !hose upon the point of the arrow are like !he star of Ares and the Moon; those in the bow and the hand-grip. like the starofZeusandtheswofAres; the cluster in !he face, like the Sun and the star of Ares; those in the shoulder-blades or cloak and back, like the star of Zeus and slightly like the star of llermes:andthequadrangleuponthetail , likethestarofAphroditeand slight ly like the starofKronos.

Of the stars in Capricorn, those upon the horns have the same power as the star of Aphrodite and much !he .1.11me as the star of Are.~; thestaninthemooth,asthestarofKronos,andslighdylikethcstar of Aphrodite; those in the feet and in the belly, as Ares and Hermes; ami !he stars upon the tail , as KronosandZeus.

OfthestaninAquarius. thoscintheshou!dersandinthe lefthand and in the cloak as Kronos alld Hermes: the stars upon the th ighs, as Hennes and sJighdy Kron();';; and the Mars in the !low of water, as Kronos and somewhat as Zeus.

Of the stars in Pisces, those in the headof thesouthem fish are similar to the star of Hermes and oomewhat to the star of Kronos; the stars in the mouth. to the star of Zeus and !he star of Hermes; the stars

upon the tail anduponthe southemcord,tothestarof Krooosand somewhat to the star of Hermes: the stars in the body and in the spiDC of the northern fish, to the star of Zeus does and somewhat to the star of Aphrodite; the stars in the northern cord, to the starofKrooos and

27

somewhat to thestarofZcus;allllthebrightstarupuntheknot,tothe .•tar nf Ares and somewhat to the star of Hermes.

4. Con«rning the FormatMlllS i''arther North thaa tlte Zodiac

Of the formations for the nonhem pule. the bright stan in Ursa Mioor are similar to the stnr of Kronos and somewhat to the star of Aphrodite.

The stars in UrsaMajoc,to tbestarof Ares. The cluster of Coma Berenices beneath the tail of the Bear. to the

Moon andthestarofAphn::dite. The bright stars in Draco, to the $lar of Kmnos a~~d the star of

A=. The stars in Cepheus, to the star of Kronos and the star of Zeus. l1Ic stan in Bootes resemble Hennes and Kronos ; but the bright

and reddish-brown star called Arcturus. Ares and Zeus

The stars in Corona Septenuionalis. arc similar to Aphrodite aml Hermes.

T he stars for the Genicutator, to Hermes The stars in Lyra and in Cygnus, to Aphrodite and Hem~e~~

The stan for Cassiopeia, to Kronosa~~dAphrodite . The stars for Perseu.•. to Zeus and Kmnos; but the cluster in the hilt

oflhcsword,toAres. The bright s~ in Auriga, to Ares and Hem1es. The stars for Ophiuchus. to Kronos and somewhat Aphrodite Thcstars in his serpcru,to Kronos and Ares The stars for Sagi"a, to Ares and somewhat Aphrodite. The stars in Aquita.toAresandZeus The stars in DeJphirms., toKronosand Ares The bright stars fort>egasus.toAresand HemltS. The stars in Andromeda, to Aphrodite. And the stars in Triangulum ru-ound Aries, to Hermes

5. Conttl'lling the Formations Farther South than the Zodiac

Of the stars in formations farthc:rsouththanthc zodiiiC, the bright star in the mouth uf Pisces Auslral is is similar to the star of Aphrodite and thestarofHennes.

The stars in Cetus, to the starofKronos.

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Ofthesta.rsinOrion.tbose upon hisshouldersaresimilartothe star of Ares and tl>estarof Hermes; but the remaining bright stan;, to the sw of Zeus and the star of Kronos .

Ofthestars inEridanus,the lastandbrightstar ,to thestarofZeus; buttheremainingstars,tothestarofKronos

'The stars in Lepus, lo the star of Kn.>nos and the star of Hermes Of the stars in Canis. the 01:hers, to the star of Aphrodi te; bill the

bright star in his mouth, to the Wlr of Zeus and somewhat to the star of

The brighl star in Procyon. to the star of Hermes and somewhat to tbe star ofAres

The bright stars fnr Hydra, to the Mar of Kronos and the star of Aphrodite.

The stars in Crater. to the star of Aphmdi~ and oomewhat to the star of Hennes.

The stars in Corvus. to the star of Ares andthe starofKn.>no:s The bright stllrs in Argo. to the star of Kronos and the star of Zeus. OfthestarsinCentauru>. the ones in the human body, tnthestar

ofAphroditeandthes.tarof Hermes;butbrightstarsinthehorse,tothe star of Aphrodite and thestarofZcus.

The bright stars in Lupus, to the star of Kronos and somewhat to the star of Ares.

The stars in Am, to the star of Aphrodite and somewhat to the slar ofKronos.

And the bright stars in Corona Australis, to the ~lilT of Kron.os and the StilT Of Hermes

The individual powers of the fixed stars, then, under the observations of the ancients happen to be soch as these. Let it be conceived..thcn,tlw eachofthesestars is affiliatedtothes~ number

of Lands, and the parts of the wdiacal circle. to which the fi xed stars are ioclinedwhen acircle isdnlwnthroughthemandthepoles,' s.eem to cause the sympathy

1 Lt would appe~rfromthispassagethatfixtdstarpo.ilions"'ffeprojected on totheeclipticbyrroeansofgreatcirclespassingfmmthenortbcclestialpole throughthestar,lbroughthe equator.throoghtheecliptictutlr. wulbcelestial pole. In modem terms thio would be equival~nt to computing the lon&itude equivai~M ofastar's rightlliCCnsion ,.·itltoolregardingdeclinalion. Thi5would also be ttw, longitude with which the star~· the meridian cifl:le. IRHl

29

30

6. Con«ming Trigons According to Oorothens '

Aries and Leo of flowing mane and Drawer of the Bow AreofHdiosby day and Zeus by night [naJtcmation, dreaded Kror\Qsgotthe third allotment. Of Taurus. Virgo. Capricorn are wvereign BydaythcFmlm-bornonc,' by nightthcheavenlySelcne, And thirdtofollowthesethc god who rules the wars, Andinthe prescntoncitgotaswcllthc child ofMaia.' To Gemini, Lihra, and Aquarius ice-cold PhainUniOOkhisportiondaily, Argus·Siayer•nightly. The Son of Kronos took the last of these Cancer. Seorpio and even Pisce.' last of all Did Cypris get as lotbyday.and Pyrocis by night, Andafterthesequick-glancingones' queenSe)ene docs ha•·ethem.

7. The Places in Which the: Stars Rejoice•

OfthesethercforeAquariusisKroDOS"prefereoce. Zel.ls is pleased in Sagiuarius. Ares in Swrpio, Cyplis bright~nsup inTaurus, HeiUl<'s gladdens In the Maiden: one house there is for each light.

8. ConcerolngExalt.ations'

AttcndegrCC~; plusnineexaltstheSun.

lbeMoonaroundthe tltird degreeof Taurus, In Libra"scwentiethdcgree does Kronos. Aegis-Bearing Zeusinten and fi veofCancer, Aresfourtimesseven

111tissc.:lionisMnextt.rptfromadi<Uaic pocmby Dorott-.<w 1 EpithaofAphrodiu: 1 EpitbetforH""""s ' Epithdnf Humu. 1 Epithetforlheyoungetdivinilia ApbruditcandAn:s. ' Thescversesare..Jwucerp~edfroro a didac:ticpoembyDorotheus. 1 ThC3C~ Rre~looc•ccsp!edfrom a didacticpoernhyDorollu:us

Degrees in Caprioorn,Cypristhrcc times ninedegTU$about ln PiS~:~!$, Hctm<;:S a! three fives in Virgo. Deprcssionsarediametersofexaltations

9. Con«rning SectlOll$ That Command and Those Tbat Obey

Sections which are figured at an equa l interval from the same cquipanitcpoint v.·bateveraresaid to,ommandandtoobey.'Andthose in the summer semicircle command. whi te !hose in the winter semicircle obey.

]0. Con«nling Sections of Equal POIO"U lllJd Those Seeing

Partsthatareequallydistantfrom lhesame!rnpical point whatever are s.aidtobeequipotentandto seetocacbolher.' Tbesearesaidtobe friendlyandakinbecausewhentheSunis incachofthemthed.ay.~are

isochronousl with the days and the nigbt.'l with the nights and the intcrvalsofthcpropcl""bounareproduced isochronousty, and because they rise from the same parts of the boriron and set in lhe same pans.

II. Concerning Unconnected Sectioos

Secrionsare unconnectedandestranged,whichdunotbavethc:relations said above; that is, they are neither obeying nor commanding nor seeing

1 The dcfinitioo of commanding and obeying given llere is different in an importa.n!wayfromanypreviou~autborexcepcPtulemy . Alluthcra..thorsstate

tlledefinirionintermsofpositioos~:quidis~tfromlhce<JuinoctialsigtU

Hephaistio.liktPtolcmy.malt:esthee<juinoctialpointthcpositionfromwhich equidiuancc is to be measuml. This makes the commanding and obeying rdatioo!lhipclcarly tlte ~ as tberelationshipofoontr:l-aJitiscion.The

oonfusionintheolderauthon may beduetolhciruscofwdi!OCiiin whichthe equiooxwas!IOI&IO"ofthee<Juinoctialsigns, but at t~•. IO"ur8". \RH)

1 Hm: • pin Hcphai•tio specifies tbesolstitiaiPQirtl. t"l'thcr than the sohlitiaiiiiins. Seelhl:myn~lochapler'J. IRH J

1 i.e. .oftbeumelm_gthintimr:. {IUIJ

"

norequipotentnorinatriangle oorin asquarenorin aheilagon with respect to each other_ And these will be .~epar:~te lly one or five twclfth·par1S. 1

12. Co~ming the Difference of the Places

1bc following an: the good places in which it i5 necessary for them [i.e .• the planets or z"idill ] to be placed. First. the H"roslwpos; second, the Midheaven; 3rd, the Good Divinity;' 4th, the Good Fortune;' after thcsc.theDcsceodant:lhen.thepivotpointundcrtheeanh;aftcraU,the ninth place, the so-called God. And these are the good places. Evil are the 2nd, the 3rd from the HOrosWpo.r, and tile eighth; tbe two remaining, which are the ~ixth and the twelfth, an: tile worst.

13. Concern ing RuteDhip and Co· ruleDhip

The lord• of the house is said 10 be the ruler.' but the star sharing" a house is said to be a co-ruler' on th<: one hand, whenever the house should be itsown,andontheother,whenever thehouseshould be the exaltationor lrigonorboundaryofthestar. ' TIICrulerofthcbinhisthe one ha~ing more of the five relations of bouse, e~al tation. trigon,

'This is the ~nuine inconjunct, i.e., not an aspect. not a relationship. [RH] 'The elc~enthhouse. [RIIJ 1Thc fifth boose. [RH] • k,.rio., 'oU.o<ktpoiA&. Literally. "ma~terofthe house." " ltisare iiOI.clear.despi tclbelanguage."'hetherthesecondco·rulerin

whal follows mu>t occupy the house (i .~ Widion). [RH] 7 SWU'Jilcc>ths(I<Jrts. l n ''iew ofnOO:: 8 below. 'c..,rulcr' is pclhop:s not a

comprcbensi•ccooughwmdtotrans!atetllctwoscnsesofsun_ This meansthat wemll.yha,-e ullstranslatedlhiswordinsomeofou rprevioustntnslat ions

1llle prefix s1111 in Orec~ has two basic mtanings: 'with' and 'completely' Accordingly. ther-e are tw1} different senses of $IUIOih>d~:spolis, one when a planet is a co-ruler, and anolher when it i~ actually in its own house. at " 'hich time it is completely the master of it.< house. Consequently lhorc is oo way tu translatethisp3SS.1geclearlyimoEnglisbwilhoutrewritingil.Wesimplyhave toundenu..-.dthat 'co;>-rukr' standsfortwocompiclelyditlcrcnt<:O<J<:epls.

32

boundaries,andphaseinrelationtotheSun.'

14. Concerning Applintion and Sepnation

Thereisapplicationalldoontactwh.:n.everthestarsshouldconjoinwith eachother.orelsewhentheyareabouttoapplywhentheyarewithin three degrees. 'TheMoonissaidto beabouttoapplywhenitiswith in l3degrees.On.estarseparatcsfromanothereithccb<xlilyorafterthree degrees.'

IS. Concerning Endosurel

PlaneiS are said to be enclosed. For e;o;!llllple. Leo and Libra enclose Virgo. Whenever.then,AresoccurringinAriesshould serKI'tbe rays back to Libra diametrically, and to Leo triangularly, if it should happen that the Moon or the HOroskopos is in Virgo while non.e of the benefics look.~ on, the figure will be base and it will cause short lives.

1 Hephaistioisabitunusualindcflnin8whatappo:;m;tobet'-eruleroftlle chart as a whole as the planet havinG the roost dig:11ities (A imutcn) in the position of the Su n. Also in lbefirst pan of this chapter. thereaderwillnote thar Hephaistioacc<lrdsllouserulcrshipprimarilyto tllesignruler(domicile)but 8ives theotherrulersasharc. Thisissomethin8ofacomprornisc~en Almutc:n method of Plolemy and the rulership Ul<'thod of Dorotheus which is primarily the domicile ruler. This may be part of Hephaistio's synthesis of l'lolemyandl>orolhet15. [RH ]

'Thisissomethingverymuchlikethemoderndefinition oforl>ofaspe<."'. Howe"«, it is not clear whether he limits this to conjunction only or applies it to any aspr;ct . lbe .-Jer should note llow •mall this is compared rootber authorities from the period. and medieval and rcnai!;SIIfiCC aulhon. h i• e~en quit~ conservative by modem standards. [RH)

J p~rischui.r.

• p~mps6. Thi~ WQOJ means 'to send' or 'to despatch,' lllld at fi rst glance it would 11«tn to be a ~ynonym for 'ro hurr rays. But unless there is a minal:.e hcrcforAresinAquarillS,Ares canoothehuriingitsraysatLibraandl.eo(sce nut sectinn). 'The wrlfd may also mean 'tn send back,' and perhaps that is its senoe t..re, but then the whole ~onccpt seems hard to uodcrslaod. l1le other possibilityisthatitisrcferringoottotllehurling ofrays,buttocastinga glana:(seene•tsect ion)--thevisualray,oottheefnuentray

33

And conlainmcnt' is said thus, whenever two stars should have the Moon oc the H!Jro.shJpo5 between them while no other planet interposes rays in the interme.:liate interval. Gu t the containment itself is difficult whenever it is made by m.alefics .'

16.Concerning the Huriing o1Rays

Evcrystarwhichisfoilowing in figurations on the lcfthurlsits rays at astar which ispn:cedinginfigurationson theright. Forellample,astar in Aries hurls its rays at a starinCapricom in a square on the right: similarlyalsoatastarin Sagittariusinatriangleon theright.'

But the preceding planet looksat'thefollowillgplanet, and when itiscarriedtowards it. it issuperioc toit,thougb itdoesnothurl its rays.For.ofeverybe:tm.the look'iscarriedforward ,theraybackward. The om: superior and tht,unc [tilhingJ' arethe same. For, a planet in Aries is superior to. and tithes, a planet in Can~r.7

1 rntpuischL.<iJ. ' This"'-'"""spondstothelatcridcaofobsessioombcsicged.(RH] ' Cf seaion 21 of TM 1M£aurw by Antioclms of Athens. '•pkomii 1 op.<hi<. That is, an actual ray of vision emanating from the eye

AcrordingtoGreekopticaltheo!)'.visionisthere>ultofthisvisualrnytogcthcr with:Jlleffiuentray emanatill!lfromthcpcn:eivcdbody itself.Thevisualmy RI'J"'R'ntly makes a"""" fonnal or WUcturin G contribution to the actual pero:ption, whiletheeffiuemray hurled from the body apparently has to do withthematr:rialqual iti.,.oflhcpen:eption,suchasthe colorofthebody

0 epidda/ewd.Th.is wordlittrallymean•wmethinglike'toti!ltc,'butitis nutcntirdydeaJwhythatisanappropriau:wordhcrc. lt !eenutomeans!hat thepRoedingplanet'levi~a!axupon'thefollnwingooe.Puning thistogether

with oou: 5. we might infer \hat the viw.alray wmc howtaxes the plaDet it imping<:."~upon. lociderually,insection26oftheThesauruswetriedtotranslat.e

thiswordas'po:iitionupontheu:nthltOIJsc'bccauseofthoccuntplcthatW>L'! U>ed. We now believe that tmmlationto be wrong.

1 Sincethc"tithing"in,·oh'ed inthetl1l"'itingmOOon hasaquitedifferent cflOCtuponaplanc:.thantheimpactingofahurlMrayinthedi=tiveor diurnal motion, one would thing that directions and tntnsi!l. ~hoold have very different applications

34

17. ConcemingSpe.r-bellrlng'

There are three kinds of spear-bearing. The firSt is if, fur a certain plane! that is in it~ own house or e~altation while being upon a pivot point, another planet lying in its own house or euhation shoull.l scrutini1:e the degree pre-ascending it while hurling its rays. For e~ample. if Kronos in Aquarius should see the Sun diametrically when it is in LMJ. or Zeus in Saginarius should Stt it triangularly: or again. if Ares being in Capricorn should see Zeus in Cancer.

The second kind is spear-bearing said according to the hurling o f rays. For example, if, for a light upon oroe of the pivot points in the HOro$/wpos or the Midheaven even if [the light] sllould lie in the house ofaootherofitssect.a star should hurl itsrays-fortheSun. at the IJ«'·<ISCC'ndingdegree:butfortheMoon,atthedegreenexttotbatwhich ascends-while hurling them according to an isosceles line.' The triangular spear-bearers are more powerful than the square or diametrical ones, the he.l.agonal ~pear-bearers weaker than they are.

1be third kind is if, for a star lying upon tbeH"roskopos or the Midheaven, in a diurnal binh diurnal planets should act as spear·bearer3 when they are preceding, while in a noctWllal birth, noetWllal planets shoold so oct when they are following. For this figure. the Sun will havespear-bearingdoneonitsbehalfbyapre-ascendingplanet,the Moonbythosewithin seven degrees . Yetspear-bearingplanetsoutof sect do not harm the Sun if they are 15 degrees distant from it and oriental. In the same way, the Sun itself is also able to act as spear-bearer for its sect-mates when they are upon a piVQI point, the Moon similarly. Spear-bearers become out of sect whenever diurnal planets aetas spear-bearers for nocturnal planets. and nocturnal for diuma l. Artdifthespear-bearingshouldbemadebybenefi~. itllasan

effect not insignificant.

18. Coo«rning the Twelfth-partli That Are According to Degrees

They call the cwelfth-pan of each star that Wi4ion ~\ which !he quanti ty

1 111e materi al in thi s section is very similar to that in st>.."lion 23 of Antiochus" TII~saurus.

1 Thatis, thesidoe ofacqual-sidcdpolygon

thMresu lllfromtakingthedegreesoflhestar twelvetimcsceases,after it ha~ been extended from the degru which the star occupie!; in the direction of the following ziJitWl, with each of the.~e z?JidW. hei ng rockonedby usat thi rty degrees.'

I ':II. Con~ming One'~. l,)wn Face a ':'d _C hariots and Throne:s1

They say that Jthe Sfars1~ in their own faces wllcnevcrcach oftbcm

shouldmaintainthe. ligurationtotheSunor clsctllc Moon thotits househastolheir houscs.Fore.llamplc,"·henever thestarofAphrod itc ( for the sake of argument) should make an he~ago nal interval to the lights while being west relative tn the Sun and east rc lath·c to the Moon, in keeping with thcirhouses .1

Andtheysay thcyare intheirownchariotsandthronesandsuch likewhe~vcrrheyshould happentobeallil iatedwilhthcplocesin

which they ~ taken in !ICCOrdance with two or more of the ways set outcarlicr---thatis,by house,boo ndary, trigon.rising.'c:xaltation.1 Then cspeciallytheyareattheirhighest.•

1 Despite Piogru'•cdill.>rial noteto thi s !Cetioo,the method described has nOthing to do witlt chapter 21, Teuubibkn. ]Additional by RHl What Ptolemy di::!Cribesislhe 21h." wbdivisioninwhichoneiscono.:cmedonlywithlhesign of the twclftb.rart. The metltod given here is co11Cf!T1lcd with the degree "' well a<thesi·gn.Ho\\·evu,wearealsotoldb}'He])haistiothat\\-eare·touu.ndthe Sfar'spositiont\\'elvetimesstartingwitltlhtposition oftbc.<taritsclf. lnother worili., ..... t.a.•e l-2x +1 "'1 3!l"'bere x istbclnngitude oftl>e-Slllrmc:asurW from lhe beginningofthe sign.Thisistbel3tbharmonicfoonoflhc d61ekntemorion tha t "'C have pre~iou.s.ly enwu.rnercl in Paulus, chaf'(er22.

' 1bis sectiooi• avecyd~palllphn11Cofthe tltstpnrtofsection23. T~1rol>il>los.

1 In Arabi~ astrology this dign ity wa< cal led Almug(a. • wralw. In all our Greek translatioru; so far. the fillhdignity hasbr:en

~srod 11.1 pha.e(sometimeo phase:mdconfiguratiOll), but O<:-«decao. Howt\ver, it has been a linl~ vague just what ph""" mighl mean in this conte~l Here it is quite explkit:lbeplanc:tisdignifiedwben it i•rising. lbediumalplanetsare dignificdatmomiogrising,tbeOOC1urnalat eveni ngrisiog, :md ii«TTle$ a\both. depeodingoniu configu rwion. Cf lntroducwry Mcmer.fnfPaulus,S<~Ction6

36

' Scechaprer13.JRH] •diomih>imos

20. Coneemin& Universal Investigations 1md !:":nee~

Wilh these things se t out ahead of time, it would be in order (since we areinlhcmainfollowingthedivinel'tolemy)togothroughinalogical manneT the universal events that arise for regions and cities . These result from the appearances1 of eclipses of the Sun and the Moon (particulll!lythconesrnoreeasily pcrceived)andthepassagesofthe stars duringthesc:appcarances.andthestationsandphascs' ofthesc

We will investigate these matters in the following manner. First, we will observe for what regions and cities particular ecl ipo;es are indicati•·e.'andthestationsandphasesofthethreeplanetsKronos, Zeus, Ares. lbc:n, it will be necessary to know in advance the time of the indications and the quantity of the duration,' and for what sort of genera the events will ensue. And finally, we will consider !he quality ofwhatwillitselfbcbroughttocompletion.•

Accon:lingly, as regards the reg}ons and cities, it is fining to consider the twdfth-pan7 in which the eclipse occurs. which son are affil iatedtoitbyatrianguiiU"orsquarefigure.andsimilarly,forwhat cities thephosphoresences" andtbehour-markings9 are harmoniouswith

1 This e ntirc~oni.:lafairlydosepar.<pluaseandcon<lo:n..,tionvarious !I<:CtiODll of Boot II of the TmwbibWs. with a few curious modifications

'phanln:;ia.lnatis,appearances"'ilhlest.ofaverbals.~:nst:,moreintlle scm<: of a phenomenal appearance, since during \be ecli)l5C \be Sun or tile Moonactuallydinppears.

'phasis. Thatis."appearings"duringlleHacalri.<ings lllldseuings 'epiMma.<ia 1 ThiJ phrase is !hc liu:n!Lranslation.Whydon'twe5hortcn"~q\Witity

of the duration"" !0 ··duration" sim ply? Becaust: it is important to remember th~t theGreeksrcgardtimcasanUlt~Nr.notaler~gth(orotllcrmagnihde).

0 /tkll. 1 This i~ almost certainly the tiiidi0t1 not the dii.Jdmnnoritm or 13th

harmonic. [RH] 1 ph&plwria. l.iten.Uy, the ·~~eating o( light." Thi' c:an mean the moment

when a th.- Moon or 1 planet is far enough distant from the Sun (traditionally 15 degrns) 10 shine fonh. Akin 10 l>eliacal risiog. but without the cmplwison the horiwn. E•idently, the ~ffwed citiu also include tho5e in which a heliacally rising pi~J>Ct ~t the foollding of the city was observed in a place harmoniouo with the plaoeofthceclipse

tile place of the ec li pse. As for those [n::giuns ;md cim.;t wl><.>5c time of founding is rwt o.li s..:ovcn;d,' one must consider, with regard to the M idheaven of those who are the leaders of kings at that time, whether it has ~ympathy for tbe same place. So, for a.~ many regions anoJ cities as we findtbe prescribedaffiliation, for all oftheseoncmust suppose that the event will. on the whole take place; but especially fo;w those whichhavearelationshiptotlletwelfih·partoftheeclipseitself, andin as many of them as the ecl ipse appeared above the earth.

By calculating the timeofdurationof tbe wholeeclipseforeach inhabite<.l n:gion2 in which the eclipses appear, it will result that whatever the number of equipartite hour!; or part.~ tru.reof, we will supposefor thesolareclipse that on tru. wholetheeffect is for thesame numberofyears.butfocthclunar.:clipsc.likcwisefor the $111lle number of mooths. The intensification will be §urveyed from the condition of theplace1 ofeclipse. For,ifthe place uf theeclips~:issuesfurth on the ea.~tem horizon, it wi ll make the intensification of the event be in acrordwiththcfmnthirdoftheentiretimeoftheeclipse: and ifon !he Midheslven, with the middle third: and if on the western horizon, with

The particular relua tioos and intens ifications will be taken from conjunctionsduringthe evcnt'whcncvcrthcyshouldoccur upontbe [twclfth-p;uu] that introduce thccauseorthe ones figured with them. and from the other passages whenever tho~e ~wx productive of the prognosticationmakerisingsorsettings ..,. stationsoracronycnlpllases whilcbeingcoofiguredwiththe !wd fth-partsthath.avc tbecause,since indeedwhenlheyare risingorstationingtheym.akcintensilicationsof theevents.butwhen theyare settingandunder theraysorwhentru.y mak:cacronycal phasestheyeauserelaxationsoftheeffects

The SOI1S of gcoera for which the event will ensue we will know fromthespeciticcharnctcristicsandshapesoftheWidiauponwhich

' llllrmko(Jia.That i!,o~ationofthe"Mrosl:opos." Evidcntly, tbe aiTe<:~edcitiesahlo includetboseplacesinwhicht.heasccDdantfortbc.fou nding

ofthecityisinhrumoniousaspeatotheplaceoftbc.cclip6C 'Thati!,furwhichthc:reisooloo"1ll"oundi.ngchal1. [RH] 2 oUr.Lsi4. "The same as the word fi}Ta!iga as t.he domici le of a planet,

llloogh itiscvidenllynotu!i<:dinthallcehnicat senset.ere. 3 tnp<n.lbatiJ,it.housepositioo. • ana""'~'""- Literally. "in t.he rnidd"' •

38

may be found the places of !he eclipses and the fi~ed alld wandering s~ a~suming '"" rulership of the twelfth-part of the eclipse and of the pivotpointbl:fon:theeclipse.r"'OI"thepl~ts.therulershipofthese

places is taken as follows: The one having the greatc:st number of relationships to both the places set out. that of the eclipse and that of thepivotpointfollowing it.bothin accordancewiththeappl icationsor separations and figurations that appear closest, ' and furthermore in accordancewi th therulerofthehousesandtrigonsandexaltationsand boundaries, that planet will take the sole rulers hip. But if the same ruler shouldnotbl:foundf<J<"theeclipseandthepivotpoint,but thereare two, then we will choose the one having the greater number of affi li ationswit h both.giving~ferencetotheruluof theeclipse.And

ifseveralrivalsshouldbe found for each place. we will prefer for the rulership the one which is closer to a pivot point or more fit for conducting business or more in sect. Of the fi~ed stars. we will select thebrigluonethathasoonductcdbusines.switbtheplaceofthe eclipse it5elf upon thepivot point gone by. in accordance with the figurations of the nine ways,andtheonethathas eitheroo-risenor co-culminated at thehour oftheeclipsewith thepivotpoint following theplaceof the e<:lipse

Withthestarsthattake upon themselvcsthecauseoftheeventso oonsi£1ered.. we will investigate the ~hapes ofthe</lidia in which both theeclipseandthestarsassumingtherulc:rshiparefound.Rlr,fromthe specificcharacteristicof these thegenus ofthe thingsdisposed is grasped on the wlmle. That is, the anthropomorphic l!Jidia, both acoordingto the zodiacandaccordingtothc:fixedstars!furnishan eventforthegenusofman:ofthe terrestrial Widia, the quadrupedal furnish an event for similar gcnern. and the creeping Widia for animals that crnwl alld dmg themselves. And again. the animal Widia for the animals that are wild and hannful to man, but the tame o nes for the useful anddomcsticatedanimals,suchashon;es,mten, cattle,andsl1Ch like. Funberrnore, of terrestrial Widia, those to the north are more for unforeseen mo\·ementsoftheearth, while those to the south are for

' This is y~t another Wltemcnt of how the "fifth dignity" works. It i ~ clear!y neitheradc:canic face llllfa "properface." [RH]

' This m.ay hemakingadistinctionbetwecnatropicaJand a constellationaJ rodiac, orP"ri'lap• men:ly hetween zodiac:aJ constellations Mde:<tn.-zodiaca.l constellations

39

unexpected rains from the: air. Again, in lhcfOffllationsofthe winged ztjjdia that are the authoritative places. such as Virgo. Sagittarius, Cygnus, Aquila. and such. it will distinguish the winged animals useful for food. And in the swinuning Widia, for aquatic animals and fiSh And Cancer aml Capricorn and Del phis appenain to the seas and to the sailingofneets ; AquariusandPisccs turiw~andsprings; andArgoto

"'" Also, the tropical and cquipartite WidW will [in general] fumish the i ndication~ fur the conditions of the air and the seawns. And ~iculaJiy,thepropertimesforthethingsgrowingfrumthecarth.At

thespring cquinox,thc:y willfurnishindicationsfortheshooo;ofthe fruit trees. with the fruits maturing at that time: at the summer solstice. for the gathering and storage of fruits, and in Egypt peculiarly, for rising of the Nile ; at the fall equinox. fort.he SQwing; at the winter solstice, forthevegetablcsandforthebirdsaildfishPJl'Valentat that ti me. lnaddition,thecquipartitezdidWhave signlficance for sacredrites anddivine worsh.ip;the tropical onesforthet:hangesintheairandin politicalcustoms;thesolidonesforfoundationsandbouse building; the bioorpon:al one~ for men and kings

Similarly al$0, those<}litliahavingapositionnearcrthe orientat thetime ofthe ecl i~ signify whatwillh.appcnforyoothandfruitsand

foundations, while those nearer to the culmination under the. earth signifywhatwill happen for priestly rites and ki ng.sand middle age, while tho5e n~arer the O<:<:iden t wh.at will happen for change!< in the laws and old age and tbosewhohavcdcpartedtotheirgraves

As concerns how great a portion of the uaderlying genus the disposition will touch. this is suggest.-.:! by the magnitude of the obscurationofeel ipsesandtherelationshipsofthes1.ai"Sintroducingthc cause to the place of the eclipse. For, v.·hen they are configured west rdative tothe solareclipscsandeastrelativetothelunar.theydispose for a lesse r pan. But if they are diametricall)· opposed. abou t a half. And iftheyshouldheeastrdativetuthesolarandwest rclativetothe lunar,theydisposeforagreatcrpart.

Whctherthc cffectitse lfisproducti•·eofgoodorofthcopposite, we will take that v.·hich is made from the productive nature of the rule~. and thecommixtureofthistheireombined productive nature together with the places in wh.ich they should he. We will lx:gin with the spcocificproducth·echaracteristics foreac:honeoftheplanets, adding by way of explanation the gener.U remark: that in the commix-

40

turesi!is notonlynecess.ary!oinvestigale lhemixingoftheplanets with eacllotller, bu! also the mixing for the ones that shan: the same nature, eitherfhed stars or zodiacal places in accordance with the thingsdemonStratedofthemfortheaffiliationof!heplanets.

Wewilldoane1position for the five planets. Whenthestarof K.ronos ~umes the rulcrship alone, then, it will in general be a cause ofdestructionbycold.Andinparticular.whcntheeventconcernsmcn. it introduces longillnesscsarlddecayingand wasting and disturbances ofthefluidsandquartan feven, banishmemandimpassesandpoveny andimprisonmentandfearsandde.atlls.especiallyforthoseofadvanced age. And of the irrational animals, for the ones that are of service, it introducesscarci!yandthebodilydeMroctionof !hosethatcxis!.and it introduces carriers of disease, from which those who US<: them peri~h iftheyaresimilarlydispo::;ed.A:>concernstheconditionoftheair,itis frightfully cold. freezing, and foggy and pcstilen!ial. and number of snnw~tonns and not benef~eial ones. As concerns the rivers and seas. it introduces storms and wrecks of fleets, particularly sea tides !hat are sockedoutandrushback.andtlie floodingandfoulingof theriven.A~

forthefn.litsoftheearth,itintroduceswan tand destnJction,citherby caterpillarsorlocustsormiceorcataclysmsorhailorsuchthings.

And when the slar of Zeus alone assumes the ru lership, in general itisproductiveof increase.Andioparticular.whentheeffectconecrns mcn,itproduce.~repumtionandpeacefuloonditionsandprosperity,good

health both in body and in soul, and gifts from those who rule, and quite simply i! is a cause of bappines._~. As conc;:ems the irrational animals.itinuoducesanabundanceandmulti tudcofthoseforhumlll1

. use, !Uid the disappearance and destruclion of those which are the opposite of useful. It makes theoonditionoftbe air be temperate and IM:althfu! and windy 1111d moisl and nunuring of the things upon the earth. It makes for the fairsailingofflcets and the proportion~te rising of rivers and ~n abundance of fruits and whatever is similar to these things.

WhenthestarofAresaloneassumestherulership.itisingeneral a cau.o;e of destruction by dryness. And particularly, when the event concerns men, it inuoduces wars and internecine factionalism and captiviliesanduprisingsandthewrathofleadcn;andunfnrt'seendeaths through such things. Furthermore, it introduces feverish illnesses and tertian agues and the raising of blood and sudden ~iolent deaths, especially of those in thei r prime, and similarly, Yiolcnce and wantonnessandlawlessness androbberyandarson.Asfortbeoondition

ofthcair,itintroduces$001"Chingwc:~therandhotwin<ls , pestilc:PCC,thc

unkashingofthundo:rboltsandhurricancsanddroughts . Andforthesc:a, it introduces the unforeseen shipwreck of fleets through disord~rly winds.Ofth<:irrationalanimalsandthingsgrowingoutofthec:anh, it introducesascarcityofthoseforhumanuse,eilberbythedesiceatioo of!;OO<Chingwca!herorboilingorthebcatingofthe"'indsorfromfires in the stores.

When th<: star of Aphrodite alon<: becomes lord of the lt'solt. it in general causes things of the sam<: SQ11 ..s Zeus does, along with a cc:rtain additional Aphrodisian character. And pnrticulnrly. for men it causesrcpumtionandbonorandhappinc:ssandabundancc: and good marriages and many children and pleasure in every union and the incrc:aseofacquisitionsandapure!IIOdcoflivingAndlt'v<:lt'ntial honorings. M regards the air, it causes tempera!~ and w~t and nurturing conditions, fineanddearairandabundanceofwaterandfairsailing and good fonune and tbe full rising of rivers. And of the uscfu l animals andfruilsofthe earth,it c:specially introducesabundanceandgood yi~ lds and profils

When thc star of Hennes alone .ssumcs th<: lordship, it is in generaltheease thatifitsbouldheclosclycommingled' with c:achof theoll=s,itisaffiliatedwiththeirnaturc:s.AIIdpartieularly,itismore productivc:ofmovementineverything. Andinhumnn c:ffectsitisacute and mostpracticalandfullofdevicesforthc:taskathand, butwbenit isinconfigurationswith themalefics, it isproductiveofrobberic:s and theftsandpir:Kyandbadsailing, and is acauseofillnes:o;esof dryness and quotidian agues and coughs and vomiting and wasting. It is productiveofwhatappen.ains topriestlymal\ersand theworshipof!he god.•androyalrevenues,andofthechangc:ofcurrentcustomsandlaws by its commi~ture with the stars on each occasion. For lhe surrounding atmosphere, sine<: it is rather dry and movllllblc owing to its pro~imiry to the Sun and the quickness of its whirling around. it is especially productive of disorderly, Abrupt, and changeahle winds. and it is, rea.'iODably enough. productive of thunder and hurricanes and chasms and earthquakes and lightning. Also, it causes thc diminishment of usefulanimalsandplantsandofrivers in itssettings.buttbcirincrease

1 This is the ~~.w astrological lenn fOf the mi:ting of q..alities and

elemcnlS ,but it c.an also beused mctajlhoricaily . ashere.fOfacloseorintimate relatioo!.hipbctW«n twodrinp.

42

initsristngs. When each planet happens to be: in its own proper nalllre, it

producessuchthings inan individual manner. Butwhenor.eplanethas commingled with another in accordanu with the figurntinns and the alterations'ofthetiJidiLJandthephasesinrelationtotheSon.by analogously taking the commixture of their actions which is blended fromthenaturesofthconesthathavefonnedtheunion.itwillcreatc: a .specific characteristic for its effect which is complex. But since it limit less and imprn;sible 10 distinguish in an aniculate manuer the panicular effect for each commixture as well as absolutely all the configorationsofwhateverkilld. it would be reasonable to leave such a fonn to the appn:hensions and conuptions of the mathematicinn for the particular distinctions

h isnece!oSar)'toobservehowthr:starsassumingtherukrshiphave affi liationtotheregionsandcitiesforwhichtheeventissignified.For. if they are benefic and affiliated with those rel!:ions which are being disposed,andiftheyarenotcnrnkscendc:dto'byplanetsofthe opposite sect. they will all the more prodoce d~e benefit for their individual nature. just as when they are not so they are of little help·. But when the plaTICts similarly assuming the lord'>hip .•hould be of io hannfu l mixture, if they should h.appen to be: affiliated with the regions being disposed. or if they should be condescended to by those of the oppositesect, theywillcauselittleharm. 8utiftheyshouldnothappen to be so, they will introduce exceedingly much llann. And for those men having at their own binhs the most necessary' places (I mean the placesofthephosphorescenlstar"sandthoseofthepivotpoints)the sameaslhoseplacesthatintroducethecauseofgeneralmatters(thatis, the same as the places of the eclipse or else the place diametrically oppositethest:),thedegrcestouchingtheplacesofthec:clipseinrelation to either of the lights, or tbe ones diametrically opposed to the m, happen to bc tbehardestofall and the mo5tdifliculttoprevent.

't~~allqj<J.sis.Thi5worddoesnotproperlymean"uclwlgc,"butrncrdy'a

chan~c from ()De ~me to anomer." Perhaps he mean~ ttl<: subtle commingling orplanttarynacuresresulcingfromoneplanct'•occupyingthchouse.boondary, dc:can.etc .. ofanother.

' A passive fonn of kmhupe"treO. which we regularly translate as "to be: superior

lananka<otaro.J".

21. Elfeds of the Ec:Li~ and Comets That Arise'

1be ancient Egyptiai!S r«:ordi:d the effects that arise from ec lipses, most of which we mention briefly as follows. For total eclipses. the color blacksignifiesthedeath oftheroleranddepressionandfamineand change: red, affliction ofthe.Ja,nd; whitish. fljllline and death for the herds;purple.warandfaminC:;gold-like,pestilenceanddeath.

Of the winds, those blowing from the nonh or else another pan of the horizon at the time of immersion1 and continuation) signify depressioninth011enearbyla!>dsoverwhichtheyshouldbeblnwing. ln thepurgation4 oftheeclipse.otherwindswill bringincreasetotheland under them. For example, the north wind will bJing increase to the land~ to the north, thesouththeland~tothesouth, and similarly for the remaining wino.ls. If the land to which the purgative wind belongs marches against the one of the immersion, it will conquer by being superior. But ifthecclip..e shouldarisewithtwowinds,andifi t should bepurgl.'dbyoneortwo,onemustdistinguishinth~sarnefashion.For,

thewindsofpurgationrevealauspiciousmattersfortheoountrieslying underthem.thoseofimmersiontheopposite.And ifthereshouldbcthe same wind for immersion and purgation, it will depress the country , but noonewillmarch againstit

While the Moon is in eclipse. whcneverashootingstarshould comerunningoverit.itwillrevealthatagreattyrantwillbedepressed andwill havehishouseindisorder.lfthediskoftheMoonshould be tota!Jyeclipsed,thetyrantwi!J beuapprowithin walls, beiugbes.iegl.'d by enemies. And if a star should come out. he will be taken captive by them. When the Moon is totally eclipsed, arising thunder signifies the purgation ofthetyr.tntanddepn:ssion oftheland. \\1leneithertheSun ortheMoonisundergoingeclipse,theonsetofrninsignifiesdeath.And i ~theeelipsetakesplaceattbcsamc timeasarising,\lllditsllouldhold

1 1l1cre i• no teal counlcrpart to this maotcrial in Ptolemy. and wme s.cllolm ha~e considered it to be authentic material from tbc rource book of Nechepsoand Perosiris.

1 l mpsOJi.J. Literally, "fall insinln.'

'""""· 4 L;uiotlni:t.lnarirualisticronlutthiswordh,..tbesmseof"purificalion,' and it may be that the eclipse was n:gill"dC>d as bringing about such a ~calhams" fortben:gioosinquestioo

44

swayfo.-threehoursumi l thepurgation.thethingssigniftedwillco~ to pass three monthsafterthceclipse; if theeclipse takes place four hours after ri sing an<.l la.~l~ fnrtWo hours until it should be purged. the things signified willcome topasssillrnonlhsaftcr it;andthe timcwi\1 be j udged similarly up to the twelfth hour.

ln general,theysay that when the Moon is undergoing eclipse in Ariesitsignifieslhattl>erewil\bcadearthofeverything;inTaurus,thc destruction of grain; in Gemini and Canca, an abundance of grain and wine; in Leo. plenty of grain in the plains; in Virgo, the lkstruction of cattle and fruit trees; in Libra, the destruction of grain by locusts and disease; in Sco~pio. pestilence; in Sagittarius, rain and hail; in Capricorn, there will be grain in the plains and great winds; in Aquarius, the lkstruction of the gr.tin-supply Md of the grain in the plains;inPi5ec:s,the early fruitingof grain.

And theysay lhattheSunundergoingeclipseinAriespointstoan abundance of grain and a healthy year; in Taurus, the destruction of grainbylocw;ts;inGemini,violentpestilence;inCancer, much rainand 5Can:ity nf grain; in Leo, scarci ty o f grain; in Virgo, the east wind blows for three months; in Libra, thunder and famine; ' in Capricorn, scan:ity of grain; in Aquarius. an abundance of grain; in Pisces, little

In particular, they determined that when a ec li pse takes ploce in Ariestherewill bethegreatest afflictioninEgyptandintheplru:esover againstSyria,anddeathsandplotsanddestructionsf<>Ttherulersof those places, and the expulsion of men of repute, and clashes of annies, andseizuresandconflagrations;inUbya,theuprisingofthcmultitude and danger to the leader and to the leaders east and west

In Taurus, a dearth of grain in Egypt and instabilitie.' o f the multitude; when the eclipse takes place from the founh hour to the ninth, WliTS in Media and in Elymais; in Cyprus, grain-rust; in Asia, celebrations, festivals. plenty; when the eclipse takes place from the risinghours,therewi ll betrotJblein Syria, and theru lerofSyriaand F.gypt,af~rhavinl!quam:lled,de$troyeachother afterayearandsill

months, and arc succeeded by others; wl>cn it takes place from the setting hours, there will he defeat and depression for those inhabited regions tothee.ast.

WhentheSun undergoeseclipseinGeminiinlhefirst threchours,

1 Scorpinand Sagituuiuslackinginlheparagrnpll.

45

they determined that the Qne rul ing Asia will die after a year and the men <Jf the first rank: will be cur dQwn by the crowd; when it undeJ:gQC.S

, eclipse in the last three hours. there will be death and destruc:tion in . llllly and Cilicia and Libya and in sertlemems IQ the east; When the , Mooo i~ underg<:~ing eclipse in the f11r.t three hours, scrioos hann tQ the

king of Asia and destruction for 1he inhabitants and · quadrupeds, ..specially for ~attle; in the secondctbree hours, Slaughtering in Libya and Syria and Babylonia; if in the fourth threehours,' cdtain paris of Egypt and Libya and Cilicia and Rom~ will be oppresSed, and those whoaresuhordinatewillbehanned , chi~nybythose' Whoaresuperior

Wh~n the Sun is undtrgoing eclipse in Cancer in whklle1•er th~e OOurperiod,itsignifiesafflictiouoverthewholeeartb,andinstabilities fromrisingtoseuingfortlleinhabitanls; for the Moon,therulerof Syria will clash with another ruler and a certain great man will be destroyed, and the leader will be given up by the multi tude, !llld prominent places will disappear by earthquakes, and esleemed men will be destroyed; if in the last 2 three bow-s periods, there will he desuuetion in Babylon and Ethiopia, tranquillity in the Indies, disappearance of animals everywhere.

WhentheSunisundergoingcclipseinLooforthefirstthrcehours, irsignifiesthal anarmyofbarbarianswill fight with the Hellenes and overcornethem;ifforE.gyptintbesecondthreehours,thegreatestman wiUbedestroyedandtbcrcwill betroublesandplunderingand violent seb:ures: if in the rhird three hours, many extraordinary things will occupy Phrygia and Cilicia and Thrace; if in the founh three bour period(whiehisthctimeforsetting),itsignifiestheassauh!Uidfal l of barharians;whenlheMoonisundergoinge<:lipseinl.eoforthefirst three hour period, it signifies that a leader will m~h again:;t Cyprus afterayearwithagreatmultitude!Uidaftermanyhavegonetherefrom Egypt, and afteT many men have died, it will not tum out successfully; inBabylonia.aleaderwillcausearevolt,and thewestcrnlaodswillk:ill lheirrulerandfromsuchrevolutionthecountrywi!lbcdesuoyed;ifin the second thru hours, it ~~eals that the sea will be in tunnoil; if in the final three hours, it reveals clashes between the throngs of Egypt andthe inhabitantstotheeast.

When the Moon is undergoing two digils' worth of e<:lipse in ils

1 An>IW'On(mlical mel\liurementequalingl/12oftheapparenlo.liarneterof theSun or Moon

southern pan in Virgo, it signifies that the greatesJ city will be laid wasteandthenotahlemendepres.sedandtheirchildrental;.enaway,and much savagery and distress will111ise from the mass-rule. and those cravingassistan<:ewillappcal totheleaderofEgypt;ifthe northernhalf orthird ofthe diskisundergoingcclip:;cinthe ,o;ccondthret:hou~.it

signifies a sad plight fur the Egyptians and that a ru ler from without will make an expedition against Asia and there will be slaves and bctrayal.andmanywillrevoltfromtheformerleader;and ifitshould undergoeclipseinthefinalthreehou~.itsigniliesthatmuchaffliction

is made for the inhabitants to the east. They also gave the same indications for the solar eclipse~.

When the Sun is undergoing eclipseinLibra(or the Claws of Scorpio)duringthefl1Storsecondperiodof three llours , itsignifies that there will be much rain in the place.~ of the sea toward the nonh, so that it will oot be possible to harvest the crops; the events will be in Arcadia. Sousiana, Bacuiana, Ethiopia and in the region around the EupWates; wben it should undergo ecl ipse from the founh to the sixth hourandshould encin: lethemouthofScorpioandshouldbepurged from the nonh, it shows that after nine m<.>nths the ~ng of Asia will murder those who have plotted against him, and there "·ill be much trouble in Ci licia,Macedon,Libya.and ltaly,andthreeyo:arsafterthe time of the eclipse lhe king of Egypt will wage a war against the k.ing of Syria and will be defeated, and in Egypl the legions will a.'>M:mble and aftet' having formed a faction, the principals will be done away with by the crowd; if the Sun undergoes eclipse in the third three hour period , there will bediseaseamongsttheinhabitantsofPhoenicia and Cappadocia,andinSyriathedeathofdogsand thereafterhumans;when the eclipse takes place during the tenth and eleventh houno, it~ignifies death for wild animals and those under the yo~. And when the Moon undergoeseclipseforthelirstthreehours.itdeclaresthateverydistrcs.s andunpleasanHICSSWill beengenderedineverylaod,andthatthestrong will he thrown against those subordinate: to them as the public authoritiesalsoforcetheirrule~toflee;if itundergoescclipsefromthc

thirdhourtotheseventh,itwillcauserclaxationintheValcofSyria and Phoenicia and Libya and Egypt; if it is undergoing eclipse in the tenandeleventhhou~.itsigniliesuproarinloniaandw:u-intbeplaces

bytheseaandadeanhofcrops. WhenthenSunhasundergonecclipscforthesecondandthirdhour

inScorpio,itwillcauseawaroftheGalatiansagainstthel lellenes,and in Libya the earth will bring forth many wild bt:asts; when it ha:i

urulergooo eclipse from the third to the fifth hou r, it signifies unpleasantnesses for the ru lers of Armenia, Cappadocia, Lydia, Phrygia, Ionia, Hcllespontus; when it has undergone eclipse in the third thiW hourperiod,itshowsdesolationin thelandstolhcca;; t ascitiesappcal tociticsforbelp;whcnithasundcrgoncccl ipseinthetinalthrechours and has set before being purged, it re~·cals that the !and to the east "'ill disappcarafterayearanditsrulerwillpcrish.AndwhentheMoonhas undcrgoneeclipseinthefirstandsecond bour.i t showsthatthere will bescarcityin tbeinhabitedregions;ifinthe lhirdandfourthandfifth, tbattherewillbewarinSyriaandCiliciaandPhoeniciaandEgypt,and many locusts and wild beasts will consume the crops. and many incrcdiblesignswillensuc;ifitsbouldundcrgocclipse in the eighth and nimh boors or up until setting, it signifies that the muhitude in Egyptwilldeposc the leaderand great mcnwill bedoneawaywith,and it signifies mishaps in Euboeaand the land of Persia

If the Sun has undergone eclipse in the tlrst four hours in Sagittarius, the Cretan tribe will ba~e war, and factions and war on all sides; if in the fifth or sixth or seventh bour, it shows war in Iberia. Scythia, Hcllas, assault by barbarians aiKI war in Syria, destruction in Babylon;ifithas undo.."rgoneeclipsefrom thccighthourrothctwclfth, there will be upsets in coastal cities. and the common weal of these cities will perish. and thcre will be controversy between the ru lers of AsiaandEgypt,and it signilic:sthatthcSousianan landwill beovcrrun by its neighbors. Tf theMoon isundergoingeclipseinthefirst four hours, thc signs will be military movement. upheaval and fears amongst those holding the common weal, and diseases of the eyes in th~ autumn and in many places-in Carin, Ionia, Egypt, Arabia, Babylonia, Mesopotamia and in the lands along the Nile and Euphrates up to the Red Sea and Elymais-and the year will be full of deceits and cold all around and full of sorrow as ""!'etched suspic ions are engendered in men,andonescbernes with theslavesofanotheras malefactors rob their IICighbon and levies of money are made against the wealthy; if it prevail sfromthefourthhou r uptothctenth, it significse~peditionsof

barbariansagainstthe Hellenes anduproari n Macedoniaandtbefallof tbeprincipals;ifinthercrnaining bours,itsbows that thosewboinhabit the east will besieg~ them as wi ld beasts will devour their dead.

Whentbe Sun isundergoingeclipseinCapricorn atabou t thefm;t threchoors, itsignifie.-saffiictionforthcinbabitants totbesouth:ifat about the second three hours, it shows affliction for Elymaia, the Persians. Media, Germania. India, and for the inhabitants to the east and

48

rising quarter: if in lhethirdthrec hour period, it signifies Will' for the inhabitanlliofPontu5, aod alSQ for-theinhabitanlliof AsiaaOO Cyprus ami tlmse to the south. and furthenno.-e. it signifies disease and th.e destruction of the fruits and plants o f the urth; if in the final three hours, it signif.es lheperishingofquadrupcdsinlhewesl. Wilen the Moonhasundergoneeclipseinthefir.stthrec:hours,itsignifiestha.ta great man from Asia will wage war against Egypt and the leader will betaken prisoneralldthatofthepeople,somewill perish, others will be subjugated: and that after the leader's release. there will be internecinewarf:m:andru!eof thepcople,arKithepriocipalswillbecut down,andothccswillca\1.SCrcVoltagainsttheleader,andonewillsteal possessions from an01:her, and that their ma_~ters will ask for lllOI'e

sustenarn:e dueto famine: if it should be undergoing eclipse in the next hours up until the eighth, there will be anacks of intennittent dise.a.<;e.~ from rising to setting. and Phoenicia will be under siege from without, but the besieger will accomplish nothing beca\1.SC the Uiidion of llithyia, which is headless, shares with Capricorn: if it is undergoing ec lipse in thefinalhours,or elseshouldsetwhile h.aving SQmepartineclipse,it signifies that an army from without will come to Asia. and the former rulerwillbecapturedafterhavingbeenleftbehindbyhisownpcople, and aficr SQme time those who ploued against the ruler will pay their respectstoju.c;tice.

When the Sun llas undergon~ec l ipsc inAquariusin the first thrce hours, it signifies affl iction for the pans to the cast (Mesupvumia, Arabia. tile Vale of Syria, Egypt, Ethiopia, Libya) and for all the rcgion5tothewest,andthatthetewillbeassembliesofthemultitude; ifi t isundergoingeclipscinthc .~ond threel>our period,itwill caus.c

damage to the budding fruits and it will ruin with inundation many plantsthathavejust sprouted:ifinthethirdthrcehourpcriod. itreveals that there will be stri fe and factionali~m in Italy, Cilicia, Libya, Laconica and for the same cities with each other; similarly. if in the final three hours. it signifies the same things. When lhe Moon is undergoingatntalorhalf eclip5tinthcfirstthreehour:s,it signifiesthat manytroublesome andgrievousthingswillbeimposedbytherulersin Ci lieia; if in the second three hour period likewise: if in the third. it signifies that there will be SQmething extraordinary and full ofSOITOw around Cyprus,andth.atlheTyrrenians andthelt.alians will encounter s.criousillnesscs; if inthefinalthrcehours,it signifiesthatthepcople inlhc:environsofl.ihyawill fightwiththeinh&bitantsofthe citics,and

that their fruits will beglllbcrcd by others and tl!eirroadscloscd. When either the wh-ole or h..alf the disk of the Sun i~ undergoing

eclipseinPiscesinthefirst threelluurs,itrcvcalsthattherulcrofAsia will he d~pressed by barbarians and much will be wasted, and after a three year interval or a little· more. another will assume power: if it undergoes ec lipse in the fourth and fifth hours, itsignifitsthat Egypt nod Syria will be troubled from millly sources; if in the seventh or eighth hours, that Armenia. Cappadocia. Phrygia. Ionia, Lydia, Hcllespontuswillfalluponhardtimes; if ithasundergoneeclipseinthe tenth and eleventh hour, it ~ignifie..~ that there will be death for men fromthebarbarianlandstuthe Hellenes , andpcstilenceintheplaccs by tl-.esea. And wlten the Moon is undergoing eclipse in the fina three hou~.itshuwsillness, trouble,sales, sci~u«:s inEgypt: if intiM:sccond

three houm, it reveals that there will be SQITOW over the child of the rulcr, anUdestru.c::tionfortberulerltimself, anddiffieultarw:ldangerous illness. and that in Cyprus locusts will cause muelt damage: if in tl~e third three hour period, there wil l be pirates everywhere at sea: if it undergoesec lipseinthefinalportionofhou.-s, il signifies that fishwill be caugltt e verywhere, and that the Mcdes will be at war with each Olher.And .. ·hcnthcMoon,orthccclipseitsclf,istbeofthcsame color aslheiiky.itsignificsthedeathofmenonallsidcs

And in general. when the eclipse takes place in C~ricom. Aquarius, Pisces , Aries. they prognosticated it as meaning harm to kings. wltil c in Taurus and Gemi~i and Cancer and Leo, instabilities and disturhances andeonnicbofthe masse~. and in Virgo and Libra and Scorpio and Sagiuarius, marslty cooditio!IS1 in sacred places and common ones and countries. And they observed that tile eclipses of the Moon aod Sun that take place in tbe same month ~I the diametrical opposition are productive by means of a commixture of the aforemen­tioned effects ofeaclteclipse. And in order that we should not make these comments too long, let this be said so that the intelligent can decidefocthcmsclvcs.

' MI&ifs?

22.ContttningtbeSigns' Dur ing the Eclipse

L.tt therelleadded inthis section thc things that arisc doringedip:!CS. If, lhtn. whilethea:lipse is tak.ing placc, stars~hould shoottowatd the lock of the Moon, they will indicate a ~ruggle of armies in the zone as.<;Oeiated with thel.t'Jidion. lf astonn should spring up in the eclipse ufthe Sun or Moon. it n:\"calS that there will bea do:atll-bringing plague.

When lheSun sbould beundergoinga total cclipsein Ariesordsc, havingbecn obscu=-1, if should become likeu mirrorocash.aving lhe bearnsoftheMoon without the rays, it will si.gnifytheOCstruction of great and famous men in Syria. And if such should appear in Sagittarius, it signifies that for two days it wi ll be more intense and largcc. U [tbeSunl should become ....J for the whole day so that even theground reflects thc flush, it shows thedestructionoffruitsandmen and that there will be rrouhles in many places. And if in Gemini it should be become blood-red from rising until setting, it signifies that there will be milCh affliction and a deanh of fruits in Libya and Cilic ia. And if in Ct.ncer it ~hould become blood-red, it will d~~ttlrb the queen of the lndes and of the Syrians and of the Egyptians. If in Virgo,l it dcclares that lhere will beslaughtcr and insurrcctions ofthemultitudc against the leader. And if in the Claws it should become red, it makes tht: multitudedefect fromtheirruler.butwhen it rise3 faint. it signifies thatdten: willbewar andnarrowitraits in LibyaandCiliciaandltaly und Phoenicia and for thos-e who dwell to the west. Anclin Scorpio, it will reveal something wicktld in l ibya and Ethiopia. When in Saginarius.J if somedting likeaoometshouldhavc risenred.it signir.es war with the leader of Asia; and if it should spread out its hair toward tbenonh, itwillproducc distress andadearth oflhe fruitsoffroit~­

When it has become obscured in Capricorn, it signifie..~ uproar and wintry weather under it. And if in Aquarius it becomes red, it makes explicitthat encamprncnts willbe sct against the friendsof thesouthem

1 ~brt.elos. Thi~ is sign in the ~n1e uf ~ pur!L~tt. 001 a division of the 1.odiac:.

2 The: cklinw.ion fo-r teo is l:w:king in the te~t. J l"hewbjett woo.ld-mto.still betlleSun. llowua.uutufgonte>t the

passage rouldalsumod'"if somcthing likeacumetshuuldll:l~ri~~in

Sagittarius.~

51

king. When inPisces, ifa oometshouldarisc,andsomeother$3cred star should be seen outside uft.hecours~i they $3y that there wil! be

troublesandslaughterinEgyptandSyria,andmanyextraordinaryand indecent and monstrousth.ings , and instability fora longtime.

If when the Sun is in Arie.s, stars should be sun in the day, they revealinsurrections and slaughtcr.AndwhentheSun1 isinSagi ttarius, l jf a star should be !;OCD by day, it declares that there will be war in

Egypt and Asia. And when in Capricorn, if a sacred star should r~~ee through making agreatlight,it signifies dislrCSS and calamity in the coastal c itie.s in thecounuics to the south. Wh::n in Aquarius. if stars appear by day. it proclaims a war in Egypt and assemblies for injustice When in Pisces, if a certain star should be seen by day in whatever place, itsignifies re.strictiolt$forthemeoatthatplaceandanincrease ofafflictiolt$ andslave.s who have hidden.

And they indicated that total eclipses under the earth were the major causes of earthquakes . And that the royal trigon through Aries andLcoandSaginariusalsorulesintheroyaloourt.Andthatwhenthe Sun is undergoing eclipse, death is signified for the tyrant~ and leade~ for tru. east alld Asia, while when the Moon was in eclipse, for lhose in Europe: and the west And especially, that when the Sun is undergoing eclipse in Aquarius and Leo, it signifies that thue will be barrenness, the drying up of rive~Sandwatel"$-for Aquarius, oflhewatcrstothe

north; for Leo, of the waters in Egypt and the south. And that it signifiesthatlbedailyretreats, floods, tidesofOceanus,oftheAtlantic Ocean, and of lhe Red Sea in both east and west Rre moved and made tooscillateby therisingsandseuingsoftheMoon

'Evidently.tbeediplic.wbcrethc:ptaneu runthcircounc 1 Againasluminghcrc(and inupromingthe~JUtfew&elliCnce.s) that the

undentoodsubjecthefe is theSun, althougboutofcootutitcoulda!soread '~fa>tar lllou.ld be 5ttninSagin.ariusbyday."

l Delineations for Taurus lhroug)l Scorpio lacking. Apparently anotlicr lacuna in the te~ t .

52

23. COJH;Cming the Indications of the Arising of the Oog Star and . of theStarsA«oDipanylng lt

Tile wise Egyp:ian~ born long ago also observed Ule arisings of Soth.is' in the 25th month of Epiphi and they set out the effects of these arisings. I will communicate a few, easily detected effe~.-ts from among tbosc wlticharegreatcst .

When Sirius rises gold-like it becomes profitable foc all; fur. it revealsfcnility andthc:bcstthings in theland.andit revealsthc:rising and flooding of the waters in due season and in moderation. And makes a ~imiiM revelation for the wwing and the remainder. But when the star rises dark, cverything will be tbeopposite, andoffspringwillscarceand foetuses will be aborted.

Whenlhe stararisesgreatandbright withanorthwindblowing, it reveals the moderate rising oftbc: waters, and tltatthe remaining mattcrsarefoclhesakcofwhatisber~eflcial,see<band -.:cssariesmd

fertility; and it reveals the king's victory over his rivals. But when it rises small and gloomy with a north wind blowing. it signifies that outsiders will march against the coontry and it will not tum out well, and that the rising of the Nile and the flooding of the waters will be auspicious, and hononuiums will be reduced in amount. And if it rises great and bright with a west and southwest wind blowing, it reveals abstir~enceanddealh.and due rising of the waters and famine. And if itrisesgil'atandbright withanonlteastwindblowing,it signifi~ that

theking ofthelandwill ab<.lic.ateltis thror~eandbecomeobscure,and

that there will be war. But if it rises small with a oonhcas1 wind blowing. it signifies that the rising will be moderate, and that the regions of the Ethiopians will be conquered by force. And if it rises black.il makc:spestilencc;ifpa\lid,illness.es;iffiery, warandslaughtec.

Or~emust also investigatetheMoonandthefive slaiS, whatmanner

of figure and motion and color they have in relation to the star in its arising. For, the color signifies the affections, the figures and kind of motionorthesta.tionsmakc thc activitymorepnwerfulOI""fceble. Every

1 AlonJ witlltheDogStar, thisislllOCber nameforSirius. TIII:Solhicor Egypt:ian year of 363'f• days took its Mme lllld definition from this JW. for the Sotlric year W)S dclcnninl'!d by the heliao::al rising of Sirius. l"his )l:ar is ~:oiled '"mobile'" because the ri~ing of Siriu• gr<>dually drifts through tho: >CaSOns due tutheslightdiffcrmccbctween thcsidcrea.l and the tropical yea~

"

star when it is fllrthest from the eanb shares in a certain manner in 1M powerofthehighCfslar;butwhen itisnearestwtheeanh. it partakes of the power of the Jo.,.·er; and when each star moves with motiollli in the middle. it has its own power free from the participation of the other sum;. \\'hen the star of Kmnos comes tO be fanhest from the earth, it hecQmesool<lest and co-di sposes thingsontbe.earthinsucbaway.And whcntheMoonhappcnstobenearestlheearth, italte!lthingsuponthc e.arth more at that time than in any other of its pOsitions. 1be intermediate stars, as f said,share thepoweroftheO{herS. As for their motionsandpositions.then. onemustalsoinvestigatetheactions. ln lhcicstationseachof thems.igo.ifies,nndintheseoondstationeven suengthens. the effect of the power of the star. The Moon causes the most easilydr:tecled indicationsamooglheeflluo::ncesofthestars,and the rcnWnderofthestarsdosoin relation to each other.

Whenthestarof Aresand thatofKmnoshappenoobe in the Moon's placi:s of edipse without benefiCS, they will be a contributing causeofpe.sti lence,especiallyaround thefeetof Oeminiand the breast ofCallCCf,andtheir firstmagnitudestars,andtheManger,thebreastof Leo. and the faint star upo n the breast of Virgo, and the last star of Libra,andthcsouthem starinthe Balaroce,andthe'forebeadofScorpio, andtheSillrsaroundthe lefthandofSagittarius,andthe twostariinthe tail of Capricorn. And when an tx:lipseof the Sun and Moon takes place in thesepartsorevenseparatefrom thern,ifitisenclosed1 bymalefics whi le Hemtes is atll icted together with it, there being no witneSsing by benefiCii, itwillbemademost diffteult,and espedallyillthetropical zijidia. For,theec\ipsesupontheseWidin., ond e.~peo;:iall y those of the Sun,causc:c:arth ly"event~.wbilc:eclipsc:suponLeocausc:afflictionso( ki ngsandlheban'ennessofrivers

One must observe, tben, the summer tropics and the winter tropics andthcother tropics'andthenearcst oonjunctionsthattakeplacein them.One mustalso investigatchowtheotherfiveplanetsarerelated tothem,andthusconjecrurethe eventabout totakep\ace. For, when Ares alone bears witness by presence or diameter or square, one must

'Sc:c =QQJl l~ for a definition of encloluro t kosmik<n. 'See Book l """"'on 13 .,(the Tdrabiblosfor a p3ssingremark ahout

anotbcrsctof"I!QPiCS"dcfioodbytbeascendingallddescendingmotioooftlle M~o

"

suspect\:OnflagrationsfortheunderlyingcounllywithwhichthezJ>idion isassociated. Wilen Kronosalonebearswitncss.oncmustsusJ)C(:tthe effects.of Kroroos.that is, frostandthecoldestthings. Whence. it is necessary to look into the conjunctions and whole moons that have takenplacepreviouslyforthctropicalandequipartite z(JidUl,andthe ones in between up to the nc~t turnings, lest perchance they should be wiiJI.essedbybenetksormalefin.andtotakethecondition,thatofthe next three month interval, in relation to them; and to look into monthly matte~ from the conjunctions by month, and yearly mattcn; from the en: §Cent fi gures of the Moon, and the half moons, convex moons, whole moons and conjunctions. l'"urthem10re, when the five planets are morning risers and when they are additive in the season of ri sing of Sirius, or even just some of them (.:,;pecially Aphrodite and Hermes), they will make the risings of the Nile fine and great and seasonable Andeachofthethree Kronos,Zeus,andAres wasalsoobscrved.that when they are of the morning condition they make risings; and that when they are of the evening and setting \:ondition. they make the opposite

1lle effects that the 5 planets produce in the twelfth-partS· in accordance with the rising of the star are these: Kronos in Cancer signifies tllatthekingwill leavehisthronehehindor evendie.andthat factionsandchangeswill hemadeinthemyal retinue,and that the rising of the Nile will be slight, and that there will be scan:ity of offspring; Kronos in Leo, that the risings will be seasonable, there will be affliction of the outer places, a multi tude of flocks. desmx:tion of men; in Virgo, that there will be abstinence and instability over the whole earth, and thatthecrucodiles will be more .savage, the deaths many, and there will be assau lts of demons. and burnt-offerings to put the dead to rest. and an abundance of dry crops; in Libra, it signifies that there will be war in Egypt and insurrections,and that the risingof the ri,·erwillbemuch inthefir.;ryear.linlein thesecvndandswearing ofthepriests,inthethirdanabundanceofoffspring;inScorpio.i t signifiesdeaths for thecnti"'inhabitedworldandrisingandliulegrain; in Sagittarius, it sign ifies thedesD"UCtion of the leaders of Egypt, and that the taxes will be unbearable and there will be sacrilege; in Capricorn. that there will be war in Egypt. destruction of the friends of thekingorevenofhimself, andthatthcpoorwillberichandtherich will go begging, and that the statues will be stolen, and then: "'·ill be anarchy: in Aquarius, it shows that 1wo king~ will wage war for the

"

sakeofrule m·ereacb(){ber,andtbatlherulewillnOI'come tocbildren. andthattherisingwillbesligbt,andtbatthesowingandtheplantswill beargoodfruit,andtbatlherewillbepestilence;in l'isces,itsignifies lbattberisingwillbemucbandtberewill be deaths, and a relative of the king will perish: in Aries. it is a cause of much affliction in the world, and a multi tude of offspring, and the destruction of men; in Taurus, it significsgoodthings forlheearth,andthattherising willbe muchandtbewaterpolluted,andtbat tberewillbedeathsoftheyoung; in Gemini, it signifies deaths for the whole inhabited world , and the Nile will come up moderately.

Zeus inCancecintbe seasonoflherisingofSirius shows that the kingisnottruc tohisfricnds,andtbattberewillberisingandagood yield of grain: in Leo, it shows thattheking will be afflicted and that a friend rejeclll him in death, and chat there wi ll be rising and inundations, and blight on barley and rice-wheat; in Virgo and Libra and Scmpio, it signifies that the king of Egypt will leave his throne behind and will be unsettled and that his women are braver, and there will be offspring in the outer places; in Sagittarius, it signifies unsectlemcnt and that the risi ng will be in good order; in Capricorn, it willrevealthatsomeoncmakes hostile demonstrationsagainstlheking and he will conquer, and that the ~ing will f1ee by day and will withdr.iw; in Aquarius. it shows that the king wil l be mighty, and that tbcrewillberi singandviUainyofone oft~king's retinue;inPisces,

itsignifiesthattherisingwillbesuitable,andtherewill beadeathof a king, and in the land ofEiymais tha:e will be .thc: destruction of farmers;inAries,thattherisingwi\l be g::reatandseasonable,andthat the Jeader ofSyriawill peri sh; in Tallf1,1S, ;it indicates good things and a,m)lllitudeufllocks;inGt:mini,thattherisingwillbcseasonable,but it will be weak

ShouldthestarofAJ'cshappcntobc inCanc<;:rduringtherising of Sirius, it will produce a rising that is seasonable, the destruction of a superiorperson, droughlin tbeouterpans: in leo, alibcrnlityuffruits, and a rising that is late; in Vi rgo, matters in Syria and in Egypt will be well; in Libra, it signifies a moderate rising and a good yield of dry grains, and dealh for thOS(: who conceive; in Scorplo. it signifies pestilence inEgyptandthunderandhail;inSagittarius, itwillproduce instability in Syria: in Capri~om. it wil l produce a gru~t risi.ng, and the crocodile> will cease much of their savagery, and the death of a sacrifieia.Jvictim, andfamine throughouttheregion; inPisces, deathof the king, and a rising after the new blossoming; in Aries, it signifies

56

thatthcleadcrofthelandofElymais willdieandhischildren will not succeedhim;inTaurus,itrevealsmoderatcrisingandgoodyield,and that the god\ will receive prayen will favoc; in Gemini, it signifies that Syria will beunSI;:Itled andthcre willbelackofrain.

When the star of Aphrodite happen$ to be in Gemini in the season oftheslars' rising.itsignifiesthattherisingwill besufficientandthere will beplentyofpulse; in Cancer.it signifiesgoodthingsin Egypt and rising and the destruction of leaders; in Leo, !he assembling of the masses. and the lightening of prices; in Virgo, an abur>danceofiJry grains, and !he inCJe<!l;C in the f<:malc ,;c,x ~nd an inc"'a"' in adultery.

When the star of Hennes is in Gemini at the rising of Sirius, !here wi ll be modcrate rising andhappinessamongstthepeople, afldthe king will prevail; in Cancer, it reveals sacri leges and sins; in Leo, ri~ing and much grain; in Virgo,thesowingwill befincand seasonableandlhere will be strength in the ruler ofSyria

From what has been said, orte must make the commiJ<tures of dfe<:l.'l whenever they (orsomeofthem)should happen tobein the same z{;idion. in the sea.wn of the stars' rising. When the Moon happens to be with Kronos in the ri sing of Sirius, the z6idio11 upon which they are found signifies for the land with which it is associated tha t it will beruinedwithwarand pestilenceandtbeanimalsbroughtforth;when the Moon is with :Uus, it shows the death of great men. peace, and good yield; with Ares. that there will beablackbiliouspestileoceand war aTKI cotlll agrations; wi.th Aphrodite, illnesses and aboltjoos of womet1; with Hermes, it signifies that the season will be unwholesome to theyoutlgandadolescent. OtlC must investiga te with what CQIIIltl)' the lPidiun is associated and inone sortoflimbit is taken and in thi s way make CQnjecture~ ahcmt diseases. And furtllennore, one must survey the relaxations and inu:n~ific::~.tioos from the lighl.'l 1 of the Moon. and thepbases and powen ofthe~tars

FurtherT!lOI'l:, if as the Egyptians are keeping wau:h atthellTising ofSirius, thunder occursfromtbeflrst tillthe seventhhour, therewill be utteraffi ictionandbam:nnessinEgypt, andthe inundatkmswillbe irregularar>d theai rwintry.Whenthe starhasrisengreatandwhite and lack.ingin CQ]Or,itsignifiesthatthefloodsfortheNilewill begreatand there will be a good yield, butwhenit isfieryafldochrc·red,tberewill bewar. lfwhile it isgreat,the starswhichareprollimate toit should

1 Pf~umablyitsphases

be dark, tbcre wilt be famine; but when it is small and pale along witb the neighboring stars , the rising will also be small arw.lthere will be a scarci ty of fruitsm·er the whole eaniL If a short , cloud-like line is obscrvedmaking ascction fro m thestartotheeast,aud iflbeexii'Cmity of thelineshouldbefiery.tberewill bedisturbance and the lesserof theru\crswiUovcrcomc thegreatcr; butifthclioo is milldefteryand long whik making a section from the south to the north, and the cxtremityshould bc likca\amp,itsign!fieswarand dcathfortbewhole country

24. Concerning the Colors in &llpses and Comets

OIICmustalsoobservethecolorsduringtheeclipses,eitberthoseofthe lights themselves orof thestrucrures that occur around them, such as shafts or the like. r'OI'. when they appear dark or sallow. it becomes indicative of what was said for the nature ofKronos; when white, of what was said for the nature of Zeus; reddish, for the nat11reof Ares; yellow, for the nature of Aphrodite; multi -colored, for the nature of Hennes. And if tbe coloc should appear in the whole of the bodies or of the places surrounding them, the event wil! concern the greatest parts ' oftheeo<.~ ntries. butifthecolor should appcarin apart,tlteevent will concern that pan alone' along wltich is the inclination ' of the

"'"""'' 1 1hisisromewhatambigoous.hJll3yrncan thc~tregionsoftltc

counnie.inquestion,oritmayrcfcrtothcgrcatestpanoftltcz/lit/ioft(thruis, thczOUiion regarded more or tess as a whote),towhich is subject a certain couNty.(Re~Mmberthat intltcdiscu!ISionoflhe TPiditJ tbecoomryrulersllips

were assigned first in genernl, that is, according to the z&dion as a whok, and thenaccordingto separateparuof theUJidiM.)Thisfirstinterpretationis ~rhapsmoregrnm~ru~ticall~ natullll;howcvcr,thcsecundoeemstomakcbeucr

sense oftheupcomingrcfcrencctoirtClination 'As in tltcprevion•nnte l,this cootdmean eithera particularpartofa

country,orelsetltcparticularcountrysubjo:;ttuapartiC\llill'ponionofthc Widim!.

J prosnt usis. Thi5 seems to be the grul circle dr.lwn through the celestial poln and the pan uf thc eclipse where the color is, which ·~ndines" or is obliquetolheecliptic. Cf.lhe end of>ec~iooS. O. it Jli3Y refer to the place whcrctbi• ci rclccut•thcllorizon.

58

For the general condi tions, one mu.stalso observe llow the surfaces' of the comets are solidified: either al. the time of an eclipse or at any timewhate~er,such asthesurfacesoftheso-<:alled l'lanks, Trumpets, Caslts,and such like.asbeingby natureproductiveofthe {pr'opertiesj of Ares and Hermes, of wan and scorching condition~ and the l'Oncomitantstothese.Andtheyindi<:atethrougbthepansofthcrodioc at which their solidifications,3 as it were, appear, and through the inclinationsofthe hairby figure, the places upon whichthee~em falls. And thmugh the shapes of the solidifications, as it were, they indicate thespcciesoftheeffectand the genus for which the affect will ensue. Andthroughtbetimethat theyendure,thedurationoftheevents. And through the their relation to the Sun. the commen~emcnt, s in~ when they appear in the cast. they signify a quick commencement. and when theyappear inthewesttardyone

Of cornets, one is called Horseman.' a sacred star of Aphrodite, having the magnitude of the Moon when it is fu ll . quick in motion, glitteringin it.sc:lfwhenithasthemaneand the extremitybehind,and it is born iil the same direction through the twel~c ztJidia in the cosmos; andwhcnitappearsitbringsaboutthequickfallofltingsandtyrants and rapid chanses in the affairs of these countries at which it is depri~ed of its hair.

1bc Sword Fish.' belon!l:ing to the star of Hermes. appears mighty and rather s.a.llow. ha~ing oval rays around it. When it makci it appearanceintheoricnt,itsignificsaplotandpoisoningsforthe lting of tho:: Persians and Assyrians by his satraps; when it appear:> in the oocident ,itmakes asimilarrevelationfortheinhabitantstothewest.

TheTon::h."belongingtothestarofAres, is quite large andfiCI)'. similar to flickering torches. When it appcan turned around toward the east. it signifies drought in Pe~ia and Syria. and thunderbolts. the destruction of fruits. and connagmtions in the royal couru; when it appean turned around to the south. it signifies afniction for the

1 tp~id. ' sW~isl(1m~rw.J. Thi• rcferstolhecomc1 headacqoiringa d c.ar form with

distincteharaderistio. [RHJ ' soulruis. 'Hip~MS ' x;p!Ua.r ' l.JJmpodia.<.

inhabitants in Libya and Egypl, likewise also a multitude of shields; when turn tQ the wrst, it again indicates these afflieli<Jn.~ for !he inhabitants . .

The Comet' is said to be ofZcliS in nature, appcan somewhat meek andonlysltinesintbcmane,anditissilveryandtwinklesagreatdeal soasnotto lookstraightinthe fac:e,andithas amalefacein it ,ofgod so it seems, whence wherever it should rise and verge. iJ it is in Cancer orScnrpioorPisces,itsigniliesthegoodbenefitsofZeus

The one with the name of Disk,' being of Kronos, is round and ba~ an amber colo£ similar to Kronos, and is amorphous. Rays arc scatt.t:red arounditsperiphery,andit isofonefaceandiss.imilarlydisposedfor every clime. f'Or. it incites wars of every son in every coun!I)', and produces the death of a great king and lowers th-e reputation of the authorities

There is another comet, rose-like and great, rather circular, and it i~ called Midwife,' having the face of a maiden, ha,ing its r~ys golden in-theeireleofthe head,sweetin asp«t, simi larincolortuamiuure of silverand gold, and it signifies the cutting down of men and the changcofmattersforthebetterandaquittaneefoctbosewhollavelain down together.

l1tere is another comet, the titan who is called Typhon,' exceedingly harsh and fiery, amorphous and slow-mo,·ing.lt has more hair more behind, but it is accustomed to follow the Sun in the exlremities of tht: northern pole. When it has appeared, it ;_, the cause ofmuchnffliction, tbedestructionoffruitsandofkingsbothduring rising andduringsening.

The Planks' and Bearded Stars,' along with others. art: assembled outsideoftbewdiac:in thenorthempllrt

1 K~r~s. ' Di>UUJ. 1 Eilirhuias. 'Tupi!On 1Dokidb. 1 POg&Uai.

25. Con<~.ming the Signif~eanee of Metecwolozkal Phenomena'

Careful obsecvationsofthe[signs]' ihatarisearoundtheSun,Moon, andother starsareusefulfor theparticular prognosticationsofwbatis indicated. One must observe !he Sun upon its rising. then. for the condi tionsintheday, butuponitsseningforiheconditionsatnight. And one must observe the figurations to the Moon for the e~tendecl, condi tions,sincefOTthe mostparte..chfigureforcte llsihecondition unti l the next. For,wbcntbe Sunriscsorsets~; lcar-,u nobscured,stablc,

and unclouded, it is indicativeoffairconditions. But if it has its di sk mul ti-coloredorreddish,orsendsoutredrays. eithcroutwardlyOTil:i circlingba<::kuponiiSelf,orhasiheso-calledparheliaccloudslonone side, or yellowish cloud formations and, as it were, long drawn oot rays, it is indicative of severe winds. And if it has its disk dark or sallow when itis ri singorse ttingwith clouds,or hasoneortwohalosaround it. or parheliac doUlls on both sides and sallow or dark rays, it is indicat iveofstormsandrain.

One must ob.o;ervc the Moon whi le it passes through conjunctions. who[ernoons.orquaners. forthree daysbeforcorthrcedaysafter.For, whenitaprearsihinandclcarandhasnothingaroundit, itis indicative of fine weather. But if it isihinarnl red andhaslhe wholediskofthe unil!uminatedpartdistinctandaliuleshaky,itisindicativeofwinds, especial lyofthosetowardswhichitmalesitsincli nation. Andifitis seentobedarkor sallow orthick, it isindicativeofwintryandstormy condi tions. Onemustlllsoobser.•e lhehalos !hat are made around the Moon.For, if then: should beone,anditisdearand graduallywasting away. it signifies fine weather. But if there should be two or three. it is indicati veofstOilll.S. lfthey are yellowish and as it were broken, !hey show winds during these storms. And as for the Moon general ly speaking,whenevCTitis hrigh t and clear. itisindicativeoffairweather; wbeneverred,ofwind; wbcneverdarkandgloomy,ofwater.

Also, the halos which assemble around the wandering stars, and the brighl.non-wandcringstars,indicate whatisappropriatetotheircolors andtothenaturesoftheenclosedstars.

1 AUbutthesuond!othelastparagraph ofthis.ecrionisaclose paraptrraseofthelasl~ioninBoot ll oflheTetrobiblru.

~ No! zodiacal signs but sign• deroting 'indicators". [Rll l 1 Knowntou.<ai"Sun-Dogs."[RH]

61

Oflhenon.wanderingstarswhichareneartogetherinagroup,we muiitcarefullyobscrvetheCQiorsand the magnirudes. For,iftheylook brighter and largerbeyond~ir eu,.~tomaryappearanoe,wllereverth<:y

are they signify winds from the appropriate place. And of the cloud-like cluster:sofinvisiblestars,suchasPraesepeandsuchlike,wheneverin clearweathcrtbestructumareseenwbefaintand asi twereinvisible tlloughthiekened.itisindieativeofaluadofwater,butiftheyareclear and continually twinkling, they are illllicative of much wind. And of the stan!.~.:alleo.JtheAsseson eithersideofPraesepe,wheneverthenorthem

ass should be invisible, it signifies that the nonll wind will blow; if the southemass, thesouthwind.

Of the phenomena in the sky that come about from time to time, clustcr:sofcomctsalwaysforetell droughts and winds, and gTt:at ones insofar as the solid mass is made of more <.:omets and reaches over a greatexpanse. lfrushingandshoolingstarsshou!doriginate fromol"ll'! angle,tbeypointtoawindfromthatangle:butiffromoppositeangles, they poim to an instability of wind~; and if from the fOW" angles, storms of all kinds. Likewise. when there are clouds similar to tufts of wool, it will sometimes show stonru beforelland. And the rainbows that fonn from time to time signify bcfOfehand storms from dear weather, bur clearweatherfromstonll5

lnclear weather,wllenfii"II'! Clouds likespiderwebsarebomalong, itindicatestllattheairwillbcpowerfuUycoldall around. Butwhenthe airisdearandeloudlessandwithoutmist, andtheMoonisunderthe earth,wheneverthestafflsllould suddenly~mefaint,tbeysignify

storms. Whenever a meteor ' should appear in the heaven over a flame-colored interval, as if kindled, it ~igniftes war. When the heaven appca.rsextrernelydark,irsignifies rhedrying upofriversandcistems; if it appears sallow. it signifies the destruction of masters . When twn Suns,asit were,appcarfromtheparheliac clouds, it signifit:S thattwo kings willhaveagainst oneanotller, andattheclimewherethegreater appeared.hewillbcvietorious.WhentbcSunappearsdeep-bluewhile rising,itsignifiesfamineandpestilenceforthewholeearth.Fogsinthe mountainseausestillness;tllosepouringdownanddispersingcausca north or northwest wind. When spring or autWJUl droughts appear in the west. they foretell a northwest wind; in the east, an east wind. And windsbcatbackeverystormexcept fromtheeast,andthcycallthatone

1pldo:... Li,.,rlllty.aflamc..

fonh before its time. However. when the peaks of mountains echo in fair weather, lhey signify the production of winds. Similarly also, sea-<:Oast promomories echoing in fair weather call down a se~ wind; and when there is much wind, if the swell does 110{ vomit fonh violently, it indicatesthatthestonn will beoflnngdurations.

And a great manyother thingswereobservcdby the ancients for prognostication.but l believethesearesufficientfortheprognostication of the remainder. And letthetheoryofuniversal inquiries have been summarilyoutlincdbyustosuchancxtentbascdonthcth.ingssaidby the aocients. We will begin with the gcnethlialogical kind in the followin g sections in keeping with the appropriate sequence, and with aconciscness similartowh~tllasgonebeforc.

63

Appendix I T nm slation Coo \·en tKms

1l>e following wordscons istemly uanslatctheiodicatcdGreek word.

ruler, rulen;hip: oikodespolifs. oikodespoleia

ruler:/rnrior mastcr.mastersbip: despotis, despoteia

-Jord: -kraf{k(asin/wralolr.n;Uij_r, lordof boundarics) -steward: -dek/Qr{aS inoikodfi:.tQr, stewardofthehouse) co-ruler: sUMJikodespotls, see notes to chapter 13

zOidioo: zOidion (See G~n~ral Notes in Paulus Ale:..andrinus and Vcttius ValcnsBook 1.)

place:topor(SeeGeoeral Note in PaulusAie~andrin us.)

sect:hairtsis

bouodaries:/wria face: prosQpon

trigor~ : trigbnoll,i.e,triplicity

house:oiWs k.insh.ip, familarity, congeniality: oikeit'Jsis.

affiliatlon:rUMJikeMris. dwelling: oikot~r e~al t ation: hupsOma depress ion: tapeii!Oma

figure:scMma figunltion: rchimatisnws cor~figuration: suscMmarismos tofigure: scMmnti</1 to configure: suschemati;;Q

to come to the attention of (by application, etc): hupodedeiklai

east: heOios (also sometimes translated as "momi11g') west:~sperios(aloosometimesuansl atcdas 'evening') oriental:onaw/ikor orient:onaloli (sometimesinplural) occidcntal:duti/ws

64

occident: dusnws (somet imes in plural)

to contemplate: th~lfrtiJ toreganl:~piiMIJrelf

to scru tini zc:lcntopleUO totestifyorbearwitn...ssto: epinumuriJ

All four of the above words appear tu refer to aspc:ct relationships. The words theouiJ andlcntopte..Orefer to aspeo;:ts in either direction. i.e., imo preceding and succeeding signs_ However, lcntopte!W seems to ha1·e a negative over1onesoggestingthatitrefer:sparticularlytodifficu lt a.'<peciS. The word epitheonlf is limited to aspeo;:tsintothesucceeding 5igns but,like theoreii,can n:fer tobothdifficu lt and good aspects .

hurl ingofrays:aklii'IOboii! superiority:lu.llhuperter-t:>is to ti lhe(in thcactivesenseofto levy a tax): epidelcnteul'J

hOroskopolll: JWros/r;opos tomarkthebirth-hour:horortlfpelf to divide the hour: HlfrotwnldJ See the General Note to the Anony-

midheaven: mesoura~ma

to culminate:m...sourolll<!lf

pivot:/r;enlro/1 pre-ascension: pr0011ophora post-ascension: eponophllro

decline:a.po/r;/ima

rise:Oikltei/A arise: epitelliJ set: duneii hide:lr;rupUJ co-rise: pamnau/liJ See General Nole in che Anonymous. ascend, (of nodes): anabibaW descend, (of nodes):lcn~abiOOW

contact: lr;olltsis

applicat>on : s~UWphl

"

scparauon:apporoiil

circumambulation:puipafQs

degree: moim(SeeGeneral Notes in PaulusAicxandrinusandYettius Y:densllook l.)

mmumwirill: monomoiritl (Sec the sections in Paulus Alexandrinus on monomoiriu.)

crisis:klimakllr

totakedelightin.rcjoice:clwiro tohavedcalingswith: Chnmdliw Suchdealingsevidentlyincludeanyorall oftheadministrativeor goveminJ! functions(i.e.,dispositions)performedbytheplanetaryrulc r. master,lordorsteward. Possibly the planefsroleas spear bearer, and anyconfigurationitentersinto.

enclosure:pen"schesis containment :~mpt~risc~.fi..J

illustr .. tion: hupod~igmn '

A somewhat irregular won!. for 'example' , that has justa tr.u:eof ' si¥n' or'token.·

image: eiiWn

Another irregular won.t for uample that may have the sense of a visualizat ion.

occupancy: t:pochlSeethe GeneralNotein theAnonymous

underbond: .1un&tsmru.

Literally, that which ties together. Evidently a more general kind of coonectionthanconjunction(.nuwdo.•). See Paulus,Chap«:T 35.

commencc:ment:kman:hl

66

bcginning:arche

67

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