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Herbicide Classification Guide

i

HERBICIDE RESISTANCE: Take Action Against Herbicide ResistanceHerbicide resistance is here. And it’s going to take an industrywide effort to minimize it.

Which is why the soy checkoff has partnered with land-grant university weed scientists, ag chemical companies, various commodity groups and others to develop Take Action, a comprehensive herbicide-resistance weed-management program.

Take Action is a step-by-step approach of identifying weeds, understanding herbicides and implementing best weed-management practices.

This Herbicide Classification Guide is an important step in the program. By better knowing herbicides by their sites of action groups, you can diversify your herbicide programs to reduce your risk for herbicide resistance.

Take Action Before It Costs YouHerbicide resistance costs U.S. farmers an estimated $2 billion a year in decreased land values, decreased yields and increased input costs. And that figure is growing. So whether you have seen herbicide resistance or not, it is important to have a weed-management plan in place to prevent and control herbicide-resistant weeds.

Diversify Your PracticesEffective herbicide-resistance management is a balance of chemical and nonchemical management tactics to minimize the spread of herbicide- resistant weeds. To fight resistance in your fields, diversify your weed- management practices such as planting cover crops, incorporating tillage practices, managing field borders and cleaning equipment before moving to the next field.

Diversify Your Sites of ActionRepeated use of herbicides with the same site of action can lead to herbicide-resistant weed populations. This guide is developed to help you diversify the herbicide sites of action you use and create your own weed-management plan.

ii

Mode of Action vs. Site of ActionA MODE OF ACTION (MOA) describes the process within the plant that is inhibited by the herbicide. Another way to think of it is “how” the herbicide works. For example, amino acid inhibitors are a mode of action that disrupts the formation of amino acids.

A SITE OF ACTION (SOA) describes the physical location within the plant where the herbicide binds. This can also be thought of as “where” the herbicide works. For example, within the amino acid synthesis inhibitors mode of action, there are two different site-of-action groups. These are the ALS inhibitors and the EPSP synthase inhibitors (i.e., glyphosate). Herbicides within these two sites of action inhibit different enzymes within the weed.

Some farmers have been using different herbicides to add diversity to their weed management program and fight the development of resistance. However, it’s not enough to just use different herbicides. Farmers must ensure they are using effective herbicides with different sites of action, which offers actual diversity.

AN EXAMPLE:

This year a farmer chose to use a herbicide in the site of action group 2. In order to prevent herbicide resistance in his fields, the farmer should choose an effective herbicide in a different site-of-action group the next year, such as a herbicide in site-of-action group 10 or group 14.

It is important to note that the farmer could also use herbicides in group 9. While herbicide site-of-action groups 2 and 9 all have the same mode of action, they have different sites of action, which makes the herbicide effective because each site-of-action group targets a different enzyme.

Take Action with Sites of ActionHere is how you can Take Action against herbicide-resistant weeds and keep them from spreading.

Know your weeds. Understand what weeds are present in your fields and what options you have to control those weeds.

Know your herbicide site of action. Keep a running log of what herbicide products you sprayed last and their site- of-action groups.

Use multiple effective herbicide sites of action. Use this Herbicide Classification Guide to determine what other herbicide options you have to control those weeds that fall within a different site of action.

You can look up sites of action and the products that fall within that site of action or specific herbicides and premixes by product name.

• To look up a specific site of action, use the numbered list at the front of the guide.

• To look up a specific herbicide or premix, use the alphabetical listing in the back of the guide.

For more information on herbicide resistance, or to download a mobile version of this guide for your smartphone or tablet, visit www.TakeActionOnWeeds.com and check out the Site of Action Lookup Tool.

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http://www.TakeActionOnWeeds.com

ACCAse InhIbItors (acetyl CoA carboxylase)

ALs InhIbItors (acetolactate synthase)

MICrotubuLe InhIbItors

t1r1 AuXIn reCePtors(synthetic auxins)

PhotosysteM II InhIbItors(different binding than 6 & 7)


PhotosysteM II InhIbItors (different binding than 5 & 6)

LIPId synthesIs InhIbItor(not ACCase)

ePsP synthAse InhIbItor (5-enolpyruvyl-shikimate-

3-phosphate)

GLutAMIne synthetAse InhIbItor

Phytoene desAturAse (Pds) InhIbItor

doXP synthAse InhIbItor (1-deoXy-d-XyuLose

5-PhosPhAte)

PPo InhIbItors

LonG-ChAIn fAtty ACId InhIbItors

sPeCIfIC sIte unknown

nuCLeIC ACId InhIbItor

AuXIn trAnsPort InhIbItor

PhotosysteM I eLeCtron dIverter

hPPd InhIbItors

by

sIte-of-ACtIon GrouP

by Site-o

f-Actio

n g

rou

p

This section groups herbicides by their sites of action to assist you in selecting herbicides 1) to maintain greater diversity in herbicide use and 2) to rotate among effective herbicides with different sites of action to delay the development of herbicide resistance.

1

ACCAse InhIbItors (acetyl CoA carboxylase)

MOA: Lipid Synthesis Inhibitors

Other Sites of Action within the same Mode of Action: None

Site of ActionS

ite-O

f-A

ct

iOn

Gr

Ou

p

1

ProductActive ingredient (Trade Name)

AdditionAl SoA

Assure II quizalofop

AxIAl sTArpinoxaden (Axial XL)

fluroxypyr (Starane) 4

AxIAl xl pinoxaden

ClInCher cyhalofop

DIsCover nG clodinafop

FoxFIrefenoxaprop (Tecoma)

pinoxaden (Axial XL)

FusIlADe Dx fluazifop

FusIon fluazifop (Fusilade DX)

fenoxaprop (Puma)

PoAsT sethoxydim

PoAsT Plus sethoxydim

rebelexcyhalofop (Clincher)

penoxsulam (Grasp) 2

rezulTbentazon (Basagran) 6

sethoxydim (Poast)

rICesTAr fenoxaprop

seleCT MAx clethodim

TArGA quizalofop

TeCoMA fenoxaprop

WolverIne

fenoxaprop (Tecoma)

pyrasulfotole 27

bromoxynil (Buctril) 6

1

1

Sit

e-O

f-A

ct

iOn

Gr

Ou

p

Amazon sprangletop

Barnyardgrass

Downy brome (cheatgrass)

Giant foxtail

Giant green foxtail

Green foxtail

Italian ryegrass

Itchgrass

Johnsongrass

Large crabgrass

Late watergrass

Little seed canarygrass

Persian darnel

Smooth crabgrass

Wild oat

Accase inhibitors

The acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase)-inhibiting

herbicides include the cyclohexanedione, phenoxyproprionate

and phenylpyrazolin herbicides. These herbicides block the first

committed step in de novo fatty acid synthesis. The growth

of susceptible plants is halted, and plants gradually die because

of the absence of phospholipids for building new cell membranes.

resistant weed species in u.S. – 15

2

ALs InhIbItors (acetolactate synthase)

MOA: Amino Acid Synthesis Inhibitors

Other Sites of Action within the same Mode of Action: Group 9

Site of Action

2


AdditionAl SoA

ACCenT Q nicosulfuron

ACColADe flumetsulam

AFFInITy broADsPeC(Affinity Tankmix)

thifensulfuron (Harmony)

tribenuron (Express)

AFForIA



flumioxazin (Valor) 14

AGIlITy sG

dicamba (Clarity) 4



metsulfuron (Ally)

Ally metsulfuron

Ally exTrA



metsulfuron (Ally)

AMber triasulfuron

AuThorITy AssIsTsulfentrazone (Spartan) 14

imazethapyr (Pursuit)

AuThorITy FIrsTsulfentrazone (Spartan) 14

cloransulam (FirstRate)

AuThorITy xl(Authority Maxx)

sulfentrazone (Spartan) 14

chlorimuron (Classic)

AuTuMn iodosulfuron

AuTuMn suPeriodosulfuron (Autumn)

thiencarbazone (Varro)

bAsIs blenDrimsulfuron (Resolve)


beACon primisulfuron

beyonD imazamox

CAnoPy chlorimuron (Classic)

metribuzin (Metribuzin) 5

Sit

e-O

f-A

ct

iOn

Gr

Ou

p22

3

CAnoPy exchlorimuron (Classic)


CAPrenothiencarbazone (Varro)

tembotrione (Laudis) 27

ClAssIC chlorimuron

CleArMAx imazamox

CleArPAThquinclorac (Facet) 4

imazethapyr (Newpath)

component of orIon florasulam

Corvusthiencarbazone (Varro)

isoxaflutole (Balance Flexx) 27

enlITe




envIve




envoke trifloxysulfuron

everesT flucarbazone

exPress tribenuron

exTreMe imazethapyr (Pursuit)

glyphosate (glyphosate) 9

FIerCe xlT


pyroxasulfone (Zidua) 15


FInesse chlorsulfuron (Glean)

metsulfuron (Ally)

FInesse GrAss AnD broADleAF

chlorsulfuron (Glean)

flucarbazone (Everest)

FIrsTrATe cloransulam

GAnGsTerflumioxazin (Valor) 14


GleAn chlorsulfuron

GolDsky

pyroxsulam (PowerFlex HL)

florasulam


GrAsP penoxsulam

hArMony thifensulfuron

horneT clopyralid (Stinger) 4

flumetsulam (Python)

2

Sit

e-O

f-A

ct

iOn

Gr

Ou

p


AdditionAl SoA

4

Huskie Complete

pyrasulfotole 27


thiencarbazone (Varro)

instigaterimsulfuron (Resolve, Matrix)

mesotrione (Callisto) 27

leadoffrimsulfuron (Resolve)


londax bensulfuron

matrix rimsulfuron

maveriCk sulfosulfuron

newpatH imazethapyr

nortHstarprimisulfuron (Beacon)

dicamba (Clarity) 4

olympus propoxycarbazone

optillsaflufenacil (Sharpen) 14


optill pro

saflufenacil (Sharpen) 14


dimethenamid-p (Outlook) 15

orionflorasulam

mCpa (MCPA) 4

osprey mesosulfuron

panoflexthifensulfuron (Harmony)


peak prosulfuron

permit halosulfuron

permit plusthifensulfuron (Harmony)

halosulfuron (Permit)

plateau imazapic

powerflex Hl pyroxsulam

pre-pare flucarbazone

prequelrimsulfuron (Resolve)

isoxaflutole (Balance) 27

prioritycarfentrazone (Aim) 14


pursuit imazethapyr

pytHon flumetsulam

quelex*halauxifen 4

florasulam

raptor imazamox

2

Sit

e-o

f-A

ct

ion

Gr

ou

p


AdditionAl SoA

5

ravetriasulfuron (Amber)

dicamba (Clarity) 4

razeflucarbazone (Everest)


realm qrimsulfuron (Resolve)


rebelexcyhalofop (Clincher) 1

penoxsulam (Grasp)

regiment bispyribac

require qrimsulfuron (Resolve)

dicamba (Clarity) 4

resolve rimsulfuron

resolve qrimsulfuron (Resolve)


rimfire maxpropoxycarbazone (Olympus)

mesosulfuron (Osprey)

sCepter imazaquin

sierra flucarbazone

soniCsulfentrazone (Spartan) 14


spiritprosulfuron (Peak)

primisulfuron (Beacon)

stanzaclopyralid (stinger) 4


staple pyrithiobac

starane flexflorasulam


steadfast qnicosulfuron (Accent Q)

rimsulfuron (Resolve)

strada orthosulfamuron

supremaCy




suprendprometryn (Caparol) 5

trifloxysulfuron (Envoke)

surestart ii

acetochlor (Surpass) 15

clopyralid (Stinger) 4


surveilflumioxazin (Valor) 14


2 ProductActive ingredient (Trade Name)

AdditionAl SoA

Sit

e-o

f-A

ct

ion

Gr

ou

p

6

synCHrony chlorimuron (Classic)


tripleflex ii

acetochlor (Harness) 15



trivenCe




upbeet triflusulfuron

valor xltflumioxazin (Valor) 14


varisito*imazamox (Raptor)

bentazon (Basagran) 6

varro thiencarbazone

yukondicamba (Banvel) 4



AdditionAl SoA 2

Sit

e-o

f-A

ct

ion

Gr

ou

p

7

Sit

e-o

f-A

ct

ion

Gr

ou

p

2


Annual bluegrass

Barnyardgrass

Bushy wallflower

California arrowhead

Cheat (rye brome)

Common chickweed

Common cocklebur

Common lambsquarters

Common ragweed

Common sunflower

Eared redstem

Eastern black nightshade

Flixweed

Giant foxtail

Giant ragweed

Green foxtail

Horseweed

Italian ryegrass

Japanese brome

Johnsongrass

Kochia

Livid amaranth

Marshelder

Mayweed chamomile

Palmer amaranth

Perennial ryegrass

Powell amaranth

Prickly lettuce

Prickly sida

Redroot pigweed

Redstem

Rice flatsedge

Ricefield bulrush

Russian thistle

Shattercane

Smallflower umbrella sedge

Smallseed flaxfalse

Smooth pigweed

Spiny sowthistle

Tall waterhemp

Variable flatsedge

Wild mustard

Wild oat

Yellow foxtail

Yellow nutsedge

ALS inhibitors

ALS inhibitors are also called acetohydroxy acid synthase

inhibitors. These herbicides are inhibitors of a common

enzyme leading to the synthesis of the branch-chain amino

acids leucine, valine and isoleucine. ALS inhibitors are used in

all of the major agronomic crops (i.e., corn, cotton, pastures,

peanut, small grains, soybean, turf and wheat) and typically

have residual activity. Symptoms of these herbicides include

growth cessation, internodal shortening, purple foliage and

shortened lateral roots (“bottle-brush” roots). Five herbicide

families constitute the ALS-inhibiting herbicides:

• sulfonylureas

• imidazolinones

• triazolopyrimidine sulfonanilides

• pyrimidinylthiobenzoic acids

• sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinones

8

MICrotubuLe InhIbItors MOA: Seedling Root Growth Inhibitors


Site of Action

3


AdditionAl SoA

kerb pronamide

ProWl h2o pendimethalin

sonAlAn ethalfluralin

TreFlAn trifluralin

Sit

e-O

f-A

ct

iOn

Gr

Ou

p 3

9

Annual bluegrass

Goosegrass

Green foxtail

Johnsongrass

Palmer amaranth

Wild oat

3

Resistant weed species in U.S. – 6

Microtubule Inhibitors

Benzamide, dinitroaniline, phosphoramidate and pyridine

compounds are group 3 herbicides that bind to tubulin,

a major microtubule protein. The herbicide–tubulin complex

inhibits polymerization of microtubules at the assembly end

of the protein-based microtubule, leading to a loss of

microtubule structure and function, and cell wall formation

is negatively affected. Dinitroaniline herbicides are volatile,

readily dissipating into the atmosphere and, therefore,

often require soil incorporation (either disked into the soil

or through irrigation) for maximum efficacy.

SIt

e-o

f-A

ct

Ion

GR

oU

p

10

t1r1 AuXIn reCePtors(synthetic auxins)

MOA: Growth Regulators


Site of Action

4


AdditionAl SoA

2,4-D 2,4-D

AGIlITy sG

dicamba (Clarity)

thifensulfuron (Harmony) 2

tribenuron (Express) 2

metsulfuron (Ally) 2

AxIAl sTArpinoxaden (Axial XL) 1

fluroxypyr (Starane)

bAnvel dicamba

broADheADcarfentrazone (Aim) 14

quinclorac (Facet)

bronATebromoxynil (Buctril) 6

MCPA (MCPA)

CArnIvore

MCPA (MCPA)

clopyralid (Stinger)


ClArITy dicamba

CleArPAThquinclorac (Facet)

imazethapyr (Newpath) 2

ColT + sAlvo(Trump Card)

2,4-D (2,4-D)


ColT + sWorDMCPA (MCPA)


component of Quelex* halauxifen

CurTAIlclopyralid (Stinger)

2,4-D (2,4-D)

CurTAIl Mclopyralid (Stinger)

MCPA (MCPA)

DIFlexx* dicamba

enlIsT Duo2,4-D (2,4-D)


FACeT quinclorac

4

Sit

e-O

f-A

ct

iOn

Gr

Ou

p

11

GolDsky

pyroxsulam (PowerFlex HL) 2

florasulam 2


GrAnDsTAnD triclopyr

horneTclopyralid (Stinger)

flumetsulam (Python) 2

MArksMAndicamba (Clarity)

atrazine (AAtrex) 5

MCPA MCPA

norThsTArprimisulfuron (Beacon) 2

dicamba (Clarity)

obeyclomazone (Command) 13

quinclorac (Facet)

orIonflorasulam 2

MCPA (MCPA)

PArAMounT quinclorac

PulsArdicamba (Clarity)


Quelex*halauxifen

florasulam 2

rAvetriasulfuron (Amber) 2

dicamba (Clarity)

rAzeflucarbazone (Everest) 2


reQuIre Qrimsulfuron (Resolve) 2

dicamba (Clarity)

shoTGunatrazine (AAtrex) 5

2,4-D (2,4-D)

sTAnzAclopyralid (Stinger)


sTArAne fluroxypyr

sTArAne Flexflorasulam 2


sTArAne nxTfluroxypyr (Starane)


sTATusdiflufenzopyr 19

dicamba (Clarity)

sTInGer clopyralid

suPreMACy





AdditionAl SoA

Sit

e-O

f-A

ct

iOn

Gr

Ou

p

12

surestart ii




tripleflex ii




weld (full deCk)

mCpa (MCPA)



widematCHclopyralid (Stinger)


yukondicamba (Banvel)

halosulfuron (Permit) 2

4ProductActive ingredient (Trade Name)

AdditionAl SoA

Sit

e-o

f-A

ct

ion

Gr

ou

p

13

4

Sit

e-o

f-A

ct

ion

Gr

ou

p

Barnyardgrass

Kochia

Prickly lettuce

Smooth crabgrass

Spreading dayflower

Tall waterhemp

Wild carrot

Yellow starthistle


t1r1 Auxin receptors

The benzoic acids, phenoxycarboxylic acids, pyridine carboxylic

acids and quinoline carboxylic acids collectively form the group

of synthetic auxin herbicides. Herbicides in this group have

activity similar to that of endogenous auxin, although the

true mechanism is not well understood. Symptoms include

abnormal growth and eventual plant death. The oldest

selective herbicide, 2,4-D, is categorized in this group.

14


MOA: Photosynthesis Inhibitors

Other Sites of Action within the same Mode of Action: Group 6, Group 7

Site of Action

5


AdditionAl SoA

AATrex atrazine

ACuron*

bicyclopyrone 27


atrazine (AAtrex)

s-metolachlor (Dual Magnum) 15

AnTheM ATz


fluthiacet (Cadet) 14

atrazine (AAtrex)

AuThorITy MTzsulfentrazone (Spartan) 14

metribuzin (Metribuzin)

beTAMIxdesmedipham (Betenex)

phenmedipham

beTenex desmedipham

bICeP II MAGnuM(bicep lite II Magnum)

s-metolachlor (Dual II Magnum) 15

atrazine (AAtrex)

bounDAry



breAkFree nxT ATz(breakfree nxT lite)

acetochlor (Breakfree NXT) 15

atrazine (AAtrex)

bulleTalachlor (Micro-Tech) 15

atrazine (AAtrex)

CAllIsTo xTrAmesotrione (Callisto) 27

atrazine (AAtrex)

CAnoPychlorimuron (Classic) 2


CAPArol prometryn

CInCh ATz(Cinch ATz lite)


atrazine (AAtrex)

component of beTAMIx phenmedipham

5

Sit

e-O

f-A

ct

iOn

Gr

Ou

p

15

DeGree xTrAacetochlor (Degree) 15

atrazine (AAtrex)

exPerT


atrazine (AAtrex)


FIelD MAsTer


atrazine (AAtrex)


FulTIMe nxTacetochlor (TopNotch) 15

atrazine (AAtrex)

GuArDsMAn MAx(G-Max lite)

dimethenamid-P (Outlook) 15

atrazine (AAtrex)

hArness xTrAacetochlor (Harness) 15

atrazine (AAtrex)

keysTone nxT(keystone lA nxT)

acetochlor (Surpass NXT) 15

atrazine (AAtrex)

lexAr ez



atrazine (AAtrex)

luMAx ez



atrazine (AAtrex)

MArksMAndicamba (Clarity) 4

atrazine (AAtrex)

MeTrIbuzIn metribuzin

PrInCeP simazine

ProGress

desmedipham (Betenex)

phenmedipham

ethofumesate (Nortron) 16

shoTGunatrazine (AAtrex)

2,4-D (2,4-D) 4

sInbAr terbacil

suPrenDprometryn (Caparol)

trifloxysulfuron (Envoke) 2

TrIvenCe

chlorimuron (Classic) 2


metribuzin (metribuzin)

velPAr hexazinone

velPAr AlFAMAxhexazinone (Velpar)

diuron (Karmex) 7


AdditionAl SoA

Sit

e-O

f-A

ct

iOn

Gr

Ou

p

16

5

Sit

e-o

f-A

ct

ion

Gr

ou

p

17

5

Sit

e-o

f-A

ct

ion

Gr

ou

p

Annual bluegrass

Barnyardgrass

Common groundsel

Common lambsquarters

Common purslane

Common ragweed

Eastern black nightshade

Giant foxtail

Goosegrass

Halberdleaf orach

Horseweed

Jimsonweed

Kochia

Ladysthumb

Lateflowering goosefoot

Palmer amaranth

Pennsylvania smartweed

Powell amaranth

Prostrate pigweed

Redroot pigweed

Shepherd’s-purse

Smooth pigweed

Swollen fingergrass

Tall waterhemp

Velvetleaf

Yellow foxtail


photosystem ii inhibitors

The phenylcarbamates, pyridazinones, triazines, triazinones

and uracils (group 5) include herbicides that inhibit photosyn-

thesis by binding to the QB-binding niche of the D1 protein

of the photosystem II complex in chloroplast thylakoid

membranes. While having the same mode of action as groups 6

and 7, group 5 herbicides bind in a different QB-binding site

of action. Herbicide binding in this site negatively affects

processes and products necessary for the transport of

chemical energy. Death in susceptible plants generally occurs

via cell membrane disintegration because of the creation of

triplet state chlorophyll, singlet oxygen and lipid peroxidation.

18




Site of Action

6


AdditionAl SoA

bAsAGrAn bentazon

bronATebromoxynil (Buctril)

MCPA (MCPA) 4

buCTrIl bromoxynil

CArnIvore

MCPA (MCPA) 4


bromoxynil (Buctril)

huskIepyrasulfotole 27


huskIe CoMPleTe

pyrasulfotole 27


thiencarbazone (Varro) 2

rezulTbentazon (Basagran)

sethoxydim (Poast) 1

sTArAne nxTfluroxypyr (Starane) 4


sTorMbentazon (Basagran)

acifluorfen (Ultra Blazer) 14

vArIsITo*imazamox (Raptor) 2

bentazon (Basagran)

WolverIne

fenoxaprop (Tecoma) 1

pyrasulfotole 27


6

Sit

e-O

f-A

ct

iOn

Gr

Ou

p

19

6

Common groundsel



The benzothiadiazinones, nitriles and phenylpyridazines

(group 6) include herbicides that inhibit photosynthesis

by binding to the QB-binding niche of the D1 protein of the

photosystem II complex in chloroplast thylakoid membranes.

While having the same mode of action as groups 5 and 7,

group 6 herbicides bind in a different QB-binding site of action.

Herbicide binding in this site negatively affects processes

and products necessary for the transport of chemical energy.

Death in susceptible plants generally occurs via cell membrane

disintegration because of the creation of triplet state

chlorophyll, singlet oxygen and lipid peroxidation.

Sit

e-O

f-A

ct

iOn

Gr

Ou

p

20




Site of Action

7


AdditionAl SoA

CoTorAn fluometuron

DIrex diuron

kArMex diuron

lInex linuron

lorox linuron

suPerWhAM propanil

velPAr AlFAMAxhexazinone (Velpar) 5

diuron (Karmex)

7

Sit

e-O

f-A

ct

iOn

Gr

Ou

p

21

7

Annual bluegrass

Barnyardgrass

Common purslane

Horseweed

Powell amaranth

Redroot pigweed

Ricefield bulrush

Smallflower umbrella sedge

Swollen fingergrass



The amides and ureas (group 7) include herbicides that

inhibit photosynthesis by binding to the QB-binding niche

of the D1 protein of the photosystem II complex in chloroplast

thylakoid membranes. While having the same mode of action

as groups 5 and 6, group 7 herbicides bind in a different

QB-binding site of action. Herbicide binding in this site

negatively affects processes and products necessary for

the transport of chemical energy. Death in susceptible plants

generally occurs via cell membrane disintegration because

of the creation of triplet state chlorophyll, singlet oxygen

and lipid peroxidation.

Sit

e-O

f-A

ct

iOn

Gr

Ou

p

22

LIPId synthesIs InhIbItor (not ACCase)

MOA: Seedling Shoot Growth Inhibitors


Site of Action

8


AdditionAl SoA

bolero thiobencarb

ePTAM ePTC

erADICAne ePTC

FAr-Go triallate

ro-neeT cycloate

suTAn + butylate

8

Sit

e-O

f-A

ct

iOn

Gr

Ou

p

23

8

Annual bluegrass

Barnyardgrass

Early watergrass

Late watergrass

Wild oat


Lipid Synthesis inhibitor

The phosphorodithioates and thiocarbamates (group 8) are

herbicides known to inhibit several plant processes, including

biosynthesis of fatty acids and lipids, proteins, isoprenoids,

flavonoids and gibberellins. It is currently thought that these

effects may be linked by the conjugation of acetyl-coenzyme A

and other sulfhydryl-containing molecules by thiocarbamate

sulfoxides. Herbicides with this MOA may be referred to as

the lipid and secondary biosynthesis inhibitors. To maximize

efficacy in controlling weeds, thiocarbamates are typically

incorporated into the soil. Seedlings of susceptible weed

species fail to emerge, and phytotoxic symptoms are

characterized by tightly whorled leaves that do not unroll

in a normal fashion.

Sit

e-O

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iOn

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24

ePsP synthAse InhIbItor (5-enolpyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate)

MOA: Amino Acid Synthesis Inhibitors


Site of Action

9


AdditionAl SoA

CAllIsTo GTmesotrione (Callisto) 27

glyphosate (glyphosate)

enlIsT Duo2,4-D (2,4-D) 4


exPerT


atrazine (AAtrex) 5


exTreMeimazethapyr (Pursuit) 2


FIelD MAsTer


atrazine (AAtrex) 5


FlexsTAr GTfomesafen (Flexstar) 14


hAlex GT




rounDuP glyphosate

seQuenCe



TouChDoWn glyphosate

9

Sit

e-O

f-A

ct

iOn

Gr

Ou

p

25

9

Annual bluegrass

Common ragweed

Giant ragweed

Goosegrass

Hairy fleabane

Horseweed

Italian ryegrass

Johnsongrass

Junglerice

Kochia

Palmer amaranth

Rigid ryegrass

Spiny amaranth

Tall waterhemp


epSp Synthase inhibitor

Group 9, the glycines, includes only glyphosate. Glyphosate

inhibits enolpyruvyl shikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS),

which leads to depletion of the aromatic amino acids

tryptophan, tyrosine and phenylalanine, all needed for protein

synthesis or for biosynthetic pathways leading to growth.

Sit

e-O

f-A

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iOn

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26

GLutAMIne synthetAse InhIbItorMOA: Nitrogen Metabolism Inhibitor


Site of Action

10


AdditionAl SoA

lIberTy glufosinate

10

Sit

e-O

f-A

ct

iOn

Gr

Ou

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27

10

Italian ryegrass


Glutamine Synthetase inhibitor

Herbicides in group 10 are glufosinate and bialaphos,

the phosphinic acids. They inhibit the activity of glutamine

synthetase, the enzyme that converts glutamate and

ammonia to glutamine. Accumulation of ammonia in the

plant destroys cells and directly inhibits photosystem I

and photosystem II reactions. Ammonia also reduces

the pH gradient across the membrane that can uncouple

photophosphorylation.

Sit

e-O

f-A

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iOn

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28

Phytoene desAturAse (Pds) InhIbItor MOA: Pigment Inhibitor


Site of Action

12


AdditionAl SoA

brAke F2fomesafen (Flexstar) 14

fluridone (Sonar)

sonAr fluridone

12

Sit

e-O

f-A

ct

iOn

Gr

Ou

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29

12

Hydrilla


phytoene Desaturase (pDS) inhibitor

Herbicides in group 12 include the amides, anilidex, furanones,

pheno`xybutan-amides, pyridazinones and pyridines that

block carotenoid synthesis by inhibition of phytoene

desaturase. Carotenoids play an important role in dissipating

the oxidative energy of singlet oxygen and other radicals.

Sit

e-O

f-A

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iOn

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30

doXP synthAse InhIbItor (1-deoxy-d-xyulose 5-phosphate)

MOA: Pigment Inhibitors


Site of Action

13


AdditionAl SoA

CoMMAnD clomazone

obeyclomazone (Command)

quinclorac (Facet) 4

13

Sit

e-O

f-A

ct

iOn

Gr

Ou

p

31

13

Barnyardgrass


DoXp Synthase Inhibitor

Clomazone (group 13) is metabolized to the 5-keto form of

clomazone that is herbicidally active. The 5-keto form inhibits

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase, a key component

of plastid isoprenoid synthesis for production of carotenoids.

SIt

e-o

f-A

ct

Ion

GR

oU

p

32

PPo InhIbItorsMOA: Cell Membrane Disrupters


Site of Action

14


AdditionAl SoA

AFForIA



flumioxazin (Valor)

AIM carfentrazone

AnTheMpyroxasulfone (Zidua) 15

fluthiacet (Cadet)

AnTheM ATz


fluthiacet (Cadet)

atrazine (AAtrex) 5

AnTheM Flexpyroxasulfone (Zidua) 15

carfentrazone (Aim)

AuThorITy AssIsTsulfentrazone (Spartan)

imazethapyr (Pursuit) 2

AuThorITy elITesulfentrazone (Spartan)


AuThorITy FIrsTsulfentrazone (Spartan)

cloransulam (FirstRate) 2

AuThorITy MTzsulfentrazone (Spartan)


AuThorITy xl(Authority Maxx)

sulfentrazone (Spartan)


brAke F2fomesafen (Flexstar)

fluridone (Sonar) 12

broADAxe


sulfentrazone (Spartan)

broADheADcarfentrazone (Aim)

quinclorac (Facet) 4

CADeT fluthiacet

CobrA lactofen

14

Sit

e-O

f-A

ct

iOn

Gr

Ou

p

33

enlITe



flumioxazin (Valor)

envIve



flumioxazin (Valor)

FIerCeflumioxazin (Valor)


FIerCe xlT

flumioxazin (Valor)



FlexsTAr fomesafen

FlexsTAr GTfomesafen (Flexstar)


GAnGsTerflumioxazin (Valor)


MArvelfluthiacet (Cadet)

fomesafen (Flexstar)

oPTIllsaflufenacil (Sharpen)


oPTIll Pro

saflufenacil (Sharpen)


dimethenamid-P (Outlook) 15

PhoenIx lactofen

PreFIx


fomesafen (Reflex)

PrIorITycarfentrazone (Aim)


reFlex fomesafen

resourCe flumiclorac

shArPen saflufenacil

solsTICemesotrione (Callisto) 27

fluthiacet (Cadet)

sonICsulfentrazone (Spartan)


sPArTAn sulfentrazone

sPArTAn ChArGesulfentrazone (Spartan)

carfentrazone (Aim)

sTorMbentazon (Basagran)

acifluorfen (Ultra Blazer)


AdditionAl SoA

Sit

e-O

f-A

ct

iOn

Gr

Ou

p

34

14

Sit

e-o

f-A

ct

ion

Gr

ou

p

surveilflumioxazin (Valor)


trivenCe


flumioxazin (Valor)

metribuzin (metribuzin) 5

ultra blazer acifluorfen

valor flumioxazin

valor xltflumioxazin (Valor)


verdiCtsaflufenacil (Sharpen)



AdditionAl SoA

35

14

Sit

e-o

f-A

ct

ion

Gr

ou

p

Common ragweed Tall waterhemp


ppo inhibitors

These chlorophyll synthesis inhibitors (PPO-inhibitors)

comprise several herbicide families: the diphenylethers

(e.g., fomesafen), N-phenylphthalimides (e.g., flumioxazin),

oxadiazoles (e.g., oxadiargyl), oxazolidinediones, phenylpyrazoles

(e.g., flufenpyr-ethyl), pyrimidindiones (e.g., butafenacil),

thiadiazoles and triazolinones (e.g., azafenidin, sulfentrazone).

Herbicides in this category inhibit protoporphyrinogen oxidase

(PPG oxidase or Protox), an enzyme involved in chlorophyll

and heme synthesis. Inhibition leads to an accumulation of PPIX,

the first light-absorbing chlorophyll precursor. Light absorption

by PPIX apparently produces triplet state PPIX that interacts

with ground state oxygen to form singlet oxygen. Triplet PPIX

and singlet oxygen lead to the formation of lipid radicals

that initiate a chain reaction of lipid peroxidation and cause

cellular leakage and plant death.

36

LonG-ChAIn fAtty ACId InhIbItorsMOA: Seedling Shoot Growth Inhibitors


Site of Action

15


AdditionAl SoA

ACuron*

bicyclopyrone 27


atrazine (AAtrex) 5

s-metolachlor (Dual Magnum)

AnTheMpyroxasulfone (Zidua)


AnTheM ATz

pyroxasulfone (Zidua)


atrazine (AAtrex) 5

AnTheM Flexpyroxasulfone (Zidua)

carfentrazone (Aim) 14

AuThorITy elITesulfentrazone (Spartan) 14


bICeP II MAGnuM(bicep lite II Magnum)


atrazine (AAtrex) 5

bounDAry



breAkFree nxT ATz(breakfree nxT lite)

acetochlor (Breakfree NXT)

atrazine (AAtrex) 5

broADAxe

metolachlor (Dual Magnum)


bulleTalachlor (Micro-Tech)

atrazine (AAtrex) 5

CInCh ATz(Cinch ATz lite)


atrazine (AAtrex) 5

DeFIne flufenacet

DeGree acetochlor

15

Sit

e-O

f-A

ct

iOn

Gr

Ou

p

37

Degree Xtraacetochlor (Degree)

atrazine (AAtrex) 5

Dual MagnuM s-metolachlor

eXpert


atrazine (AAtrex) 5


FielD Master

acetochlor (Harness)

atrazine (AAtrex) 5


Fierceflumioxazin (Valor) 14


Fierce Xlt




FultiMe nXtacetochlor (TopNotch)

atrazine (AAtrex) 5

guarDsMan MaX (g-Max lite)

dimethenamid-p (Outlook)

atrazine (AAtrex) 5

HaleX gt




Harness acetochlor

Harness Xtraacetochlor (Harness)

atrazine (AAtrex) 5

intrro alachlor

Keystone nXt(Keystone la nXt)

acetochlor (Surpass NXT) x

atrazine (AAtrex) 5

leXar eZ



atrazine (AAtrex) 5

luMaX eZ



atrazine (AAtrex) 5

Micro-tecH alachlor

optill pro




outlooK dimethenamid-p


AdditionAl SoA

SIt

e-o

f-A

ct

Ion

GR

oU

p

38

prefix


fomesafen (Reflex) 14

sequenCe



surestart ii

acetochlor (Surpass)



surpass nxt acetochlor

topnotCH acetochlor

tripleflex ii




verdiCtsaflufenacil (Sharpen) 14


warrant acetochlor

zemaxmesotrione (Callisto) 27


zidua pyroxasulfone

15ProductActive ingredient (Trade Name)

AdditionAl SoA

Sit

e-o

f-A

ct

ion

Gr

ou

p

39

15

Sit

e-o

f-A

ct

ion

Gr

ou

p

Italian ryegrass


Long-chain fatty Acid inhibitors

Acetamide, chloroacetamide, oxyacetamide and tetrazolinone

compounds are group 15 herbicides that are thought to inhibit

very long-chain fatty acid synthesis. These compounds affect

susceptible weeds before emergence but do not inhibit

seed germination.

40

sPeCIfIC sIte unknown MOA: Seedling Shoot Growth Inhibitors


Site of Action

1616


AdditionAl SoA

norTron ethofumesate

ProGress

desmedipham (Betenex) 5

phenmedipham 5

ethofumesate (Nortron)

16

Sit

e-O

f-A

ct

iOn

Gr

Ou

p

41

16


Specific Site unknown

The benzofuranes (group 16) are herbicides known to inhibit

several plant processes, including biosynthesis of fatty acids

and lipids, proteins, isoprenoids, flavonoids and gibberellins.

It is currently thought that these effects may be linked by

the conjugation of acetyl-coenzyme A and other sulfhydryl-

containing molecules by thiocarbamate sulfoxides. Herbicides

with this MOA may be referred to as the lipid and secondary

biosynthesis inhibitors. To maximize efficacy in controlling

weeds, thiocarbamates are typically incorporated into the

soil. Seedlings of susceptible weed species fail to emerge,

and phytotoxic symptoms are characterized by tightly

whorled leaves that do not unroll in a normal fashion.

Sit

e-O

f-A

ct

iOn

Gr

Ou

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42

nuCLeIC ACId InhIbItorMOA: Undefined


Site of Action

17


AdditionAl SoA

MsMA MsMA

17

Sit

e-O

f-A

ct

iOn

Gr

Ou

p

43

17

Common cocklebur


nucleic Acid Inhibitor

Herbicides in group 17 have an unknown MOA.S

Ite-o

f-A

ct

Ion

GR

oU

p

44

AuXIn trAnsPort InhIbItorMOA: Growth Regulators


Site of Action

19


AdditionAl SoA

component of sTATus diflufenzopyr

sTATusdiflufenzopyr

dicamba (Clarity) 4

19

Sit

e-O

f-A

ct

iOn

Gr

Ou

p

45

19


Auxin transport inhibitor

The phthalamates (e.g., naptalam) and semicarbazones

(e.g., diflufenzopyr) are group 19 herbicides. These herbicides

inhibit polar transport of naturally occurring auxin, indoleacetic

acid and synthetic auxin-mimicking herbicides in sensitive

plants. Auxin-transport inhibition causes an abnormal

accumulation of auxin in the meristematic regions, thereby

disrupting the auxin balance needed for plant growth.

Sit

e-O

f-A

ct

iOn

Gr

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46

PhotosysteM I eLeCtron dIverterMOA: Cell Membrane Disrupters


Site of Action

22


AdditionAl SoA

GrAMoxone sl paraquat

reGlone diquat

22

Sit

e-O

f-A

ct

iOn

Gr

Ou

p

47

22

American black nightshade

Dotted duckweed

Goosegrass

Hairy fleabane

Horseweed


photosystem i electron Diverter

The bipyridyliums (e.g., paraquat, diquat) are examples

of herbicides that accept electrons from photosystem I

and reduce them to form a herbicide radical. The radical

then reduces molecular oxygen to form superoxide radicals.

The superoxide radicals lead to the formation of hydrogen

peroxide and hydroxy radicals that destroy lipid membrane

fatty acids and chlorophyll, thereby causing membrane

destruction, cellular leakage and a very rapid plant death

in sunlight.

Sit

e-O

f-A

ct

iOn

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48

hPPd InhIbItorsMOA: Pigment Inhibitors


Site of Action

27


AdditionAl SoA

ACuron*

bicyclopyrone

mesotrione (Callisto)

atrazine (AAtrex) 5


ArMezon topramezone

bAlAnCe Flexx isoxaflutole

CAllIsTo mesotrione

CAllIsTo GTmesotrione (Callisto)


CAllIsTo xTrAmesotrione (Callisto)

atrazine (AAtrex) 5

CAPrenothiencarbazone (Varro) 2

tembotrione (Laudis)

component of ACuron* bicyclopyrone

component of huskIe pyrasulfotole

Corvusthiencarbazone (Varro) 2

isoxaflutole (Balance Flexx)

hAlex GT




huskIepyrasulfotole


huskIe CoMPleTe

pyrasulfotole



IMPACT topramezone

InsTIGATe

rimsulfuron (Resolve, Matrix) 2


lAuDIs tembotrione

27

Sit

e-O

f-A

ct

iOn

Gr

Ou

p

49

by Pro

du

ct

lexAr ez



atrazine (AAtrex) 5

luMAx ez



atrazine (AAtrex) 5

PreQuelrimsulfuron (Resolve) 2

isoxaflutole (Balance)

reAlM Qrimsulfuron (Resolve) 2


solsTICemesotrione (Callisto)


WolverIne

fenoxaprop (Tecoma) 1

pyrasulfotole


zeMAxmesotrione (Callisto)


27

Sit

e-O

f-A

ct

iOn

Gr

Ou

p


AdditionAl SoA

Palmer amaranth Tall waterhemp


HppD inhibitors

Callistemon, isoxazole, pyrazole and triketone herbicides (group 27) inhibit a key step in plastoquinone biosynthesis; its inhibition gives rise to bleaching symptoms on new growth. symptoms on plants result from an indirect inhibition of carotenoid synthesis because of the involvement of plastoquinone as a cofactor of phytoene desaturase.

50

by Pro

du

ct

by

product

51

Herb

icid

e Cla

ssifi

catio

n b

y P

ro

du

ct

2,4-D 2,4-D

AAtrex atrazine 5

Accent Q nicosulfuron

AccolADe flumetsulam 2

Acuron*

bicyclopyrone


atrazine (AAtrex)


Affinity BroADSpec(Affinity tankmix)



AfforiA



flumioxazin (Valor))

Agility Sg

dicamba (Clarity) 4




Aim carfentrazone

Ally metsulfuron 2

Ally extrA



metsulfuron (Ally)

AmBer triasulfuron 2

Anthempyroxasulfone (Zidua)

fluthiacet (Cadet)

Anthem AtZ



atrazine (AAtrex) 5

Anthem flexpyroxasulfone (Zidua)

carfentrazone (Aim)

ArmeZon topramezone 27

ASSure ii quizalofop

Authority ASSiStsulfentrazone (Spartan) 14


Authority elitesulfentrazone (Spartan)


Authority firStsulfentrazone (Spartan) 14


Product Active ingredient (Trade Name)

Site of Action

53

Herb

icid

e Cla

ssifi

catio

n b

y P

ro

du

ct

Authority mtZsulfentrazone (Spartan)


Authority xl(Authority maxx)



Autumn iodosulfuron

Autumn Superiodosulfuron (Autumn) 2


AxiAl StArpinoxaden (Axial XL)


AxiAl xl pinoxaden 1

BAlAnce flexx isoxaflutole

BAnvel dicamba 4

BASAgrAn bentazon

BASiS BlenDrimsulfuron (Resolve) 2


BeAcon primisulfuron

BetAmixdesmedipham (Betenex) 5

phenmedipham 5

Betenex desmedipham

BeyonD imazamox 2

Bicep ii mAgnum(Bicep lite ii magnum)

s-metolachlor (Dual II Magnum)

atrazine (AAtrex)

Bolero thiobencarb 8

BounDAry



BrAke f2fomesafen (Flexstar) 14

fluridone (Sonar) 12

BreAkfree nxt AtZ(Breakfree nxt lite)

acetochlor (Breakfree NXT)

atrazine (AAtrex)

BroADAxe


15


BroADheADcarfentrazone (Aim)

quinclorac (Facet)

BronAtebromoxynil (Buctril) 6

mcpA (MCPA) 4

Buctril bromoxynil

Bulletalachlor (Micro-Tech) 15

atrazine (AAtrex) 5


Site of Action

54

Herb

icid

e Cla

ssifi

catio

n b

y P

ro

du

ct

cADet fluthiacet

cAlliSto mesotrione 27

cAlliSto gtmesotrione (Callisto)


cAlliSto xtrAmesotrione (Callisto) 27

atrazine (AAtrex) 5

cAnopy chlorimuron (Classic)


cAnopy exchlorimuron (Classic) 2


cApArol prometryn

cAprenothiencarbazone (Varro) 2

tembotrione (Laudis) 27

cArnivore

mcpA (MCPA)



cinch AtZ(cinch AtZ lite)


15

atrazine (AAtrex) 5

clArity dicamba

clASSic chlorimuron 2

cleArmAx imazamox

cleArpAthquinclorac (Facet) 4

imazethapyr (Newpath) 2

clincher cyhalofop

coBrA lactofen 14

colt + SAlvo(trump card)

2,4-D (2,4-D)


colt + SworDmcpA (MCPA) 4


commAnD clomazone

component of Acuron* bicyclopyrone 27

component of BetAmix phenmedipham

component of huSkie pyrasulfotole 27

component of orion florasulam

component of Quelex* halauxifen 4

component of StAtuS diflufenzopyr

corvuSthiencarbazone (Varro) 2

isoxaflutole (Balance Flexx) 27

cotorAn fluometuron


Site of Action

55

Herb

icid

e Cla

ssifi

catio

n b

y P

ro

du

ct

curtAilclopyralid (Stinger)

2,4-D (2,4-D)

curtAil mclopyralid (Stinger) 4

mcpA (MCPA) 4

Define flufenacet

Degree acetochlor 15

Degree xtrAacetochlor (Degree)

atrazine (AAtrex)

Diflexx* dicamba 4

Direx diuron

DiScover ng clodinafop 1

DuAl mAgnum s-metolachlor

enliSt Duo2,4-D (2,4-D) 4


enlite



flumioxazin (Valor)

envive




envoke trifloxysulfuron

eptAm eptc 8

erADicAne eptc

evereSt flucarbazone 2

expert


atrazine (AAtrex)


expreSS tribenuron 2

extremeimazethapyr (Pursuit)


fAcet quinclorac 4

fAr-go triallate

fielD mASter


atrazine (AAtrex) 5


fierceflumioxazin (Valor)



Site of Action

56

Herb

icid

e Cla

ssifi

catio

n b

y P

ro

du

ct

fierce xlt

flumioxazin (Valor)



fineSSe chlorsulfuron (Glean) 2


fineSSe grASS AnD BroADleAf

chlorsulfuron (Glean)

flucarbazone (Everest)

firStrAte cloransulam 2

flexStAr fomesafen

flexStAr gtfomesafen (Flexstar) 14


foxfirefenoxaprop (Tecoma)

pinoxaden (Axial XL)

fultime nxtacetochlor (TopNotch) 15

atrazine (AAtrex) 5

fuSilADe Dx fluazifop

fuSion fluazifop (Fusilade DX) 1

fenoxaprop (Puma) 1

gAngSterflumioxazin (Valor)


gleAn chlorsulfuron 2

golDSky

pyroxsulam (PowerFlex HL)

florasulam


grAmoxone Sl paraquat 22

grAnDStAnD triclopyr

grASp penoxsulam 2

guArDSmAn mAx(g-max lite)


atrazine (AAtrex)

hAlex gt


15



hArmony thifensulfuron

hArneSS acetochlor 15

hArneSS xtrAacetochlor (Harness)

atrazine (AAtrex)

hornetclopyralid (Stinger) 4



Site of Action

57

Herb

icid

e Cla

ssifi

catio

n b

y P

ro

du

ct

huSkiepyrasulfotole


huSkie complete

pyrasulfotole 27



impAct topramezone

inStigAterimsulfuron (Resolve, Matrix) 2


intrro alachlor

kArmex diuron 7

kerB pronamide

keyStone nxt(keystone lA nxt)

acetochlor (Surpass NXT) 15

atrazine (AAtrex) 5

lAuDiS tembotrione

leADoffrimsulfuron (Resolve) 2


lexAr eZ



atrazine (AAtrex)

liBerty glufosinate 10

linex linuron

lonDAx bensulfuron 2

lorox linuron

lumAx eZ



15

atrazine (AAtrex) 5

mArkSmAndicamba (Clarity)

atrazine (AAtrex)

mArvelfluthiacet (Cadet) 14

fomesafen (Flexstar) 14

mAtrix rimsulfuron

mAverick sulfosulfuron 2

mcpA mcpA

metriBuZin metribuzin 5

micro-tech alachlor

mSmA mSmA 17

newpAth imazethapyr


Site of Action

58

Herb

icid

e Cla

ssifi

catio

n b

y P

ro

du

ct

northStArprimisulfuron (Beacon)

dicamba (Clarity)

nortron ethofumesate 16

oBeyclomazone (Command)

quinclorac (Facet)

olympuS propoxycarbazone 2

optillsaflufenacil (Sharpen)


optill pro




orionflorasulam

mcpA (MCPA)

oSprey mesosulfuron 2

outlook dimethenamid-p

pAnoflexthifensulfuron (Harmony) 2


pArAmount quinclorac

peAk prosulfuron 2

permit halosulfuron

permit pluSthifensulfuron (Harmony) 2


phoenix lactofen

plAteAu imazapic 2

poASt sethoxydim

poASt pluS sethoxydim 1

powerflex hl pyroxsulam

pre-pAre flucarbazone 2

prefix


fomesafen (Reflex)

preQuelrimsulfuron (Resolve) 2

isoxaflutole (Balance) 27

princep simazine

prioritycarfentrazone (Aim) 14


progreSS

desmedipham (Betenex)

phenmedipham

ethofumesate (Nortron)

prowl h2o pendimethalin 3


Site of Action

59

Herb

icid

e Cla

ssifi

catio

n b

y P

ro

du

ct

pulSArdicamba (Clarity)


purSuit imazethapyr 2

python flumetsulam

Quelex*halauxifen 4

florasulam 2

rAptor imazamox

rAvetriasulfuron (Amber) 2

dicamba (Clarity) 4

rAZeflucarbazone (Everest)


reAlm Qrimsulfuron (Resolve) 2


reBelexcyhalofop (Clincher)

penoxsulam (Grasp)

reflex fomesafen 14

regiment bispyribac

reglone diquat 22

reQuire Qrimsulfuron (Resolve)

dicamba (Clarity)

reSolve rimsulfuron 2

reSolve Qrimsulfuron (Resolve)


reSource flumiclorac 14

reZultbentazon (Basagran)

sethoxydim (Poast)

riceStAr fenoxaprop 1

rimfire mAxpropoxycarbazone (Olympus)

mesosulfuron (Osprey)

ro-neet cycloate 8

rounDup glyphosate

Scepter imazaquin 2

Select mAx clethodim

SeQuence


15


ShArpen saflufenacil

Shotgunatrazine (AAtrex) 5

2,4-D (2,4-D) 4

SierrA flucarbazone


Site of Action

60

Herb

icid

e Cla

ssifi

catio

n b

y P

ro

du

ct

SinBAr terbacil

SolSticemesotrione (Callisto) 27


SonAlAn ethalfluralin

SonAr fluridone 12

Sonicsulfentrazone (Spartan)


SpArtAn sulfentrazone 14

SpArtAn chArgesulfentrazone (Spartan)

carfentrazone (Aim)

Spiritprosulfuron (Peak) 2

primisulfuron (Beacon) 2

StAnZAclopyralid (Stinger)


StAple pyrithiobac 2

StArAne fluroxypyr

StArAne flexflorasulam 2


StArAne nxtfluroxypyr (Starane)


StAtuSdiflufenzopyr 19

dicamba (Clarity) 4

SteADfASt Qnicosulfuron (Accent Q)

rimsulfuron (Resolve)

Stinger clopyralid 4

Stormbentazon (Basagran)

acifluorfen (Ultra Blazer)

StrADA orthosulfamuron 2

SuperwhAm propanil

SupremAcy




SuprenDprometryn (Caparol)

trifloxysulfuron (Envoke)

SureStArt ii




SurpASS nxt acetochlor


Site of Action

61

Herb

icid

e Cla

ssifi

catio

n b

y P

ro

du

ct

Surveilflumioxazin (Valor)


SutAn + butylate 8

Synchrony chlorimuron (Classic)


tArgA quizalofop 1

tecomA fenoxaprop

topnotch acetochlor 15

touchDown glyphosate

treflAn trifluralin 3

tripleflex ii




trivence




ultrA BlAZer acifluorfen

upBeet triflusulfuron 2

vAlor flumioxazin

vAlor xltflumioxazin (Valor) 14


vAriSito*imazamox (Raptor)

bentazon (Basagran)

vArro thiencarbazone 2

velpAr hexazinone

velpAr AlfAmAxhexazinone (Velpar) 5

diuron (Karmex) 7

verDictsaflufenacil (Sharpen)


wArrAnt acetochlor 15

welD (full Deck)

mcpA (MCPA)



wiDemAtchclopyralid (Stinger) 4


wolverine

fenoxaprop (Tecoma)

pyrasulfotole



Site of Action

62

Herb

icid

e Cla

ssifi

catio

n b

y P

ro

du

ct

yukondicamba (Banvel)


ZemAxmesotrione (Callisto) 27


15

ZiDuA pyroxasulfone


Site of Action

63

This comprehensive herbicide guide was developed with funding from the soy checkoff. The Take Action initiative is supported by the following ag chemical companies and major commodity groups:

*Indicates product is not registered for use at the time of printing.Heap, I. The International Survey of Herbicide Resistant Weeds. Online. Internet, Monday, November 17, 2014. Available www.weedscience.org.Technical editing for this guide was led by Christy Sprague, Ph.D., Michigan State University in partnership with other universities in the soybean-growing regions of the United States.The United Soybean Board and all Take Action partners, including the companies mentioned above, neither recommend nor discourage the implementation of any advice contained herein, and is not liable for the use or misuse of the information provided. ©2014 United Soybean Board.

For more information and links to additional resources, visit www.TakeActionOnWeeds.com.

http://www.TakeActionOnWeeds.com

http://www.weedscience.org

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