1'3 Notes on North American Crustacea,

YI.—Notes on North American CRUSTACEA, in the Museum of

the Smithsonian Institution. No. TIL

BY WILLIAM STIMPSON, M.D., CORRESPONDING MEMBER.

Head October 2d, 18T1.

T H E publication of these notes has been discontinued for many

years / owing to various unfavorable cirumstances, among

which may be mentioned the destruction by fire of some of the

author's manuscripts and materials, and want of opportunity of

access to the rest. I t is proper to state that some of the de­

scriptions here following were written more than ten years ago,

and have not been revised.''

Herbstia putoesceiis, nov. sp.

Body covered with a dense short pubescence, beneath which the

carapax is smooth and unarmed, except at the sides, where there are

a few minute spines. There are two inconspicuous tubercles in the

median line on the gastric region, and a short, transverse, tuberculi-

form ridge between the gastric and the cardiac region, which latter is

somewhat prominent. There is a single small triangular tubercle at /

the posterior extremity, on the intestinal region. Rostrum very

short. Chelipeds with the meros and carpus armed with spiniform / V

tubercles; hand smooth, unarmed; fingers not gaping (in the female /

' For No. I. see Annals of the Lyceum, Vol. VII. (1860), pp. 49-93 ; No. IL, same vol., pp. 176-246.

^ Since these pages were placed in the hands of the printer, the remainder of these materials were involved in the disaster of the great fire of Chicago. The manuscript descriptions of the North American Schizopods, Stomapods, and Tetradecapods, intended to form a part of the present paper, with nu­merous drawings and the specimens upon which they were based, were all burnt in this third and finally complete destruction of the author's scientific property.

hi the Museum of the Smithsonian Institution. 93

and young male). Ambulatoxy feet unarmed, pubescent; dactyli very short.

Length of carapax in a female, 0.85 ; breadth, 0.67 inch.

I t differs from II. condyliata in its shorter, broader, and smoother carapax, and smooth hand. From H. pyriformis {Rhodia pyriformis Bell) in its shorter rostrum, and in the spines of the lateral margins of the carapax, which are smaller and more numerous.

Found at Manzanillo, West Coast of Mexico, by J. Xantus Esq.

This species would come under the group named as a genus Bhodia, by Bell. This can scarcely be considered as distinct from Herbstia, the only important differences being those of the chelipeds.

Herbstiella, nov. gen. This name is proposed for a group of small crabs allied to

Ilerbstia, which it resembles in form, but differs in having a strong tooth on the inferior margin of the orbit between its ex­ternal angle and the base of the antennse ; and in having three teeth instead of two on the outer side of the basal joint of the antennae. It also differs in its longer chelipeds and spinous meros-joint of the ambulatory feet.

Ilerhstia depressa Stm., which inhabits the Caribbean Sea, may be considered as the type of the genus Herhstiella. It also includes H. Edwardsii Bell, from the Gallapagos Islands, and two new species described below.

Herbstiella depressa. Herbstia cUiwessa Stimpson, Notes on N. American Crust., p. 57 (Annals Lye.

Nat. Hist. K Y., VII (1860) 185).

In the description of this species quoted above, the prseorbital teeth, orbits, and antennae are by a slip of the pen stated to be " nearly as in II. condyliata" instead of " nearly as in H. farmfrons^'' which was intended; the species alluded to as

94 Notes on North American Crustacea^

" II. parmfrons " being that described below under the name

Herhstiella carajytacantha.

Herbstiella caiiiptacantha, nov. sp. HcrUtia parnfrons Stimpson, Notes on N. American Crust., p. 57 (Annals

Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., VII (1860), 185) ; not of Eandall.

A more careful consideration of the terms of Randall 's de­

scription of U. parvifrons (Jour. Acad. Nat . Sci. Phila. , Y I I I .

107) leads me to believe that the species noticed by me under

that name cannot be the same as that meant by that author.

In H. cainptacantlia the carapax is but slightly convex, and the

surface is very regularly and conspicuously punctate. The cervical

suture is deep and well marked, but the sulci separating the branchial

from the cardiac regions are very shallow, and there is no sulcus

whatever between the branchial and the rather flattened intestinal

region. There are twenty small tubercles on the carapax, not includ­

ing the marginal spines. Of these tubercles there are five on the

gastric region, four of which are arranged in a transverse line across

the middle, the two on either side being approximated; three on the

cardiac region, two on the intestinal, and five on each branchial re­

gion. On the margin of the carapax on each side behind the orbit,

there are fourteen spines; five on the antero-lateral and nine on

the postero-lateral margin. The posterior spines are very small,

blunt, or tuberculiform ; but the anterior ones are larger, and, like the

spines on the legs, abruptly bent at the tip, so that they have a

truncated appearance, with the sharp apex pointing forward. There

is a similar spine and two smaller ones on the subhepatic region; and

the oblique ridge separating the pterygostomian from the subhepatic

region is armed with five spines, the anterior three being small and

tooth-like. The horns of the rostrum are rather large and divergent;

they foi-m considerably more than half the length of the rostrum, and

their tips as well as those of the antennal spines are bent inward. All

of the spines are much more acute in young specimens than in adults.

The chelipeds are long, and the meros-joint is armed with numerous

{about 13) blunt spines on the outer side; the carpus is tiiberculated

above; the large and compressed hand is perfectly smooth, and un-

(11 tJie Jriiscicm erf t/w SiiiltJt.\onia}h Disi'didion. ij")

armed aboxe and below ; the lingers are less tluui lialf as 1(MI<' as llu^

palm, and gaping ; and tlie dactylus bears a strong trnneaied toolli

at the middle. In the ambulatory feet the iiun'os-joint is armed

with seven to ten spines along the nppm- edge, and two or three be­

low near the extremity; the carpns is slightly tul)erculated, and the

penidt joint ixnarmed.

The adult male specimeiis before me are entirely naked, Ijut: young

and femahi specimens are frerpiently ])ubescent. Possibly the adult

males may have been accidentally denuded.

Dimejisions of an adidt male : LeJigth of carapax, 0.075 ; breadth,

0.57 inch.

I t was found at Cape St. Lucas by Mr. John Xantus, and there ai*o specimens in the Atuseum of Comparative Zoology taken at Acapulco by Alexander Agassiz, Esq.

Herbst ie l la tuiiaidsi, nov. sp.

The foUoAving descriptioir is that of a female: Body and feet

pubescent. Carapax convex, with the regions moi-e protuberant than

in the other two species. There are indications of tubercles on the

upper surface, distributed as in IT. camptacantlba, but they are faint

protuberances rather than tu.bercles, except the two on the intestinal

region, wliicli are small but distinctly prominent. There is a minute

sharp spine at the anterior end of the branchial region and one on the

hepatic region. On the antero-lateral margin there are no distinct

spines, but the rounded surface is covered with minute, sharp tubei'cles.

On the postero-lateral margin there are about ten minute spines, the

anterior one largest. The horns of the rostrum are small, acute, and

placed close together; they form rather less than half the length of

the rostrum. Basal-joint of the antennae short and broad, with a

sharp projection at the insertion of the movable part of the antennae

not seen in / / . camjytacantha ; antero-exterior spine straight, acute,

and pointing obliquely outward; the other spines shorter than in the

allied species. In the chelipeds the meros-joint is armed above with

eight acute spines; carpus with one minute spine above and a slight

crest on the outer side; hand unarmed; fingers little gaping;

JULY 1871. '7 ' ^ - ^^^- ^^^- HIST., VOL. X.

96 Notes on North AmeTieaii Crustacea^

dactjlus without tooth. Ambulatory feet with ten long, slender

spines above and two or three below.

Length of caraj^ax, about half an inch.

Found at Manzaiiillo (West Coast of Mexico), by John

Xantus , Esq.

j V o t o l o p a s , nov. gen.

Carapax pyriform; back with a flattened area on the posterior

half, enclosed by a ridge which posteiuoi'ly becomes a broad concave

lamella, occupying the entire width of the carapax and projecting

over its posterior extremity. Rostrum long, bifid ; horns divaiicate.

There is a prseorbital spine of moderate size, and behind the eye a

sti-ong triangular lobe extending slightly beyond the tip of the eye,

and somewhat excavated in front, forming part of the orbit, which,

however, is not completed below. The external antennje are not

concealed beneath the rostrum, arid the basal joint is broad, with a

lobed laminiform expansion at the outer side; coxal joint with a

small but prominent tooth on the outer side. Outer maxillipeds of

the form usual in the Pisinse; meros-joint with no distinct notch for

the reception of the palpus. Ambulatory feet cylindrical; dactyli

very strong, curved, and nearly as long as the penult joint. Male

abdominal appendages of the first pair somewhat flattened, reaching

to the last segment of the abdomen, and tapering very little toward

the extremity, which is truncate and expanded, with a fold' on the

outer and a small slender hook on the inner side.

This genus resembles in general appearance some of the

genera of Acanthonychidse rather than tliose of the Pisa

group, in which the characters of the orbital region ^yould lead

us to place it. I t differs, however, from Halimus and Pugettia

in the strong post-ocular lobe excavated in front, and from

Halimus also in the non-expanded penult joint of the ambula­

tory feet. From AGantho])hrys A . M. Edw. it differs in its

exposed external antennge. The posterior lamelliform expansion

of the carapax will distinguish it at a glance from most if not

all other genera of Maioids.

in the Museum of the Smithsonicm Institution. 97

]\otoloi)a§ lamellatus, nov. sp. Body and limbs pubescent. Carapax with an erect spine and two

tubercles on the gastric region, and a strong spine on each branchial

region, on the ridge near the outer end of the laminiform expansion

of the posterior extremity, which has a triangular tooth at the

middle. Rostrum half as long as the post-frontal part of the carajDax.

From the antero-exterior angle of the buccal area a crest passes

backward, defining the pterygostomian region, which crest is armed

with two teeth, the anterior one largest. There is also a crest on

the sub-branchial region, along the bases of the feet, ending ante­

riorly in a projecting tooth.

Length of carapax in a male, 0.63 ; breadth, 0.3.5 inch.

Found at P a n a m a by Capt. J . M. Dow, and at Man-

zanillo by J o h n Xantus , Esq.

Tyche lamellifrons. TycJie lanidlifrons Bell, Trans. Zool, Soc, II. 58 ; pi. xii., f. 3.

Found at Cape St. Lucas by John Xantus , Esq.

Acanthonyx Petiveri. Acantlhonyx Petiverii H. Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. des Crust., I. 343.

Tills is one of the few species which inhabit the shores of

both sides of tropical America. W e have it from St. Thomas,

collected by A . H , Riise, and from Cape St. Lucas by John

Xan tus .

Podoneina vestita. nov. sp.

This is the first species of the genus which has been reported

from the Western coast. I t differs from all of the East coast

species in its more hairy body, shorter ambulatory feet, and

notched outer lamina or crest of the basal joint of the an-

tennte. The sternum and basal joints of the feet are ver-

miculated. The j)enult jo int of the ambulatory feet is some­

what thickened in its distal half.

OS Xotes 071 Xorth Americ-an Crustacea,

Lcno'th of tlie carapax in a feiuale, 0.52 ; breadtli, 0.4-2

inch.

Found at Cape St. Lucas ])y Jolm Xantus , Esq.

E u p l e i i r O C l O I l , nov. geu.

Allied to Epialfus^ but witli a depressed and uneven cara­

pax. The anterodateral angles of the carapax ai'e strongly

pronii]ient, forming projecting teeth directed forward, almost

parallel to the axis of the body. The ambulatory feet arc

strongly prehensile, with dentigerous penult joints. The size

is small.

Eiipleurocloii trif iircattis, nov. sp. Carapax with a profound depression in front of the gastric region,

and oue on either side of the cardiac, which with the gastric region

forms a prominent median ridge. Branchial region depressed, with

a tubercle near the posterodateral angle. Teeth and prominences of

the carapax generally setose. Eostrum half as long as the post-

frontal part of the carapax, and one-third as broad as long, flattened,

trnncate, and emarginate at the extremity. Tooth of the antero­

lateral angle half as long as the rostrum and curving forward : the

distance between the tips of these teeth equals the greatest width of

the carapax, and is one-third greater than the middle width. There

is a small tooth on the lateral mai'gin behind the antero-lateral

angle. Orbital margin arched but not toothed. Peet with an angular

or dentated carpal joint.

Of this species I have seen only one s^^ecimen, a female, the dimen­

sions of which are : Length of carapax, 0,31 ; breadth, between tips

of antero-lateral teeth, 0.25 inch.

Found at Cape St. Lucas by John Xantus , Esq.

liambrui^ excaratiis, nov. sp. This species resembles Partlienope in general appearance. The

carai^ax is iri-egularly hexagonal, and one-sixth broader than long.

Antero-lateral margin concave, and forming an angle with the outer

lateral margin, which is nearly straight and parallel with the axis of

ra tJie 2£usenm of tJtc SmiiJiSonia/i rnstUut'ton. 99

tlie body, and terminates posteriorly in a strongly projecting- an^le.

The postero-lateral mai-gins are slightly concave, and form a very

obtnse angle with each other on account of the little projection of the

intestinal region. The periphery is armed with teeth, which are short

triangular, and regularly approximated on the antero-lateral and

outer lateral mai'gins, but are longer, more spiniform, and irregularly

arranged on the postero-lateral margins. On the uppeu' surface,

besides the usual depression between the cardiac and branchial regions,

there are four deep excavations in front of the latter rc'gion;—tvv-o

sejiarating it from the hepatic, and two, somewhat larger, from the

gastric region. There is also a deep concavity on the frontal region,

which is continued posteriorly for a short distance on the gastric

region. The rostrum is large, regularly triangular, and defiexed to a

right angle with the general level of the gastric region; margin un­

armed, or only obscux _ ' toothed. The surface of the protuberant

parts of the carapax is covered with low, granulated tubercles. The

chelipeds are much shorter and stouter than in the typical forms of the

genus, and are d "ply concave above, the concavity being smooth or

nearly so, and defined by j^rominent marginal crests, which, except

on the carpus, arc strongly toothed. The meros-joint of the cheliped

is particularly short; its anterior crest is armed with three or four

teeth, and its superior one with only two large teeth, the ou.ter one

of which is much the largest. In the hand, the crest of the superior

margin is armed with six unequal, approximated, triangular teeth ;

and that of the outer margin with two conical distant teeth, besides

the knob at each extremity. The lower surface of the hand is orna­

mented with four or five rows of granulated tubercles, those of the

middle row being largest and most conspicuous; inner mai'gin ser­

rated with granulated teeth. Ambulatory feet much compressed, and

crested above. In the female abdomen each segment is armed with

short setose tubercles, there being a larger ridge-like one, equalling in

extent the length of the joint, in the middle, and four or five small

ones on each side.

Length of the carajiax in a female, 1.20; breadth, 1.38 inch; pro­

portion 1:1.15; length of meros-joint of cheliped, 0.68; length of

greater hand, 1.20 inch.

100 Xotes on JS'oHh Ajmevlcan Crudacea,

I t is distinct from all other known species with the carapax

broader than long, in the shortness of its chelipeds. I n one of

the specimens before me tlie r ight hand is nearly twice as broad

as the left.

Two specimens were collected at Manzanillo, Mex., by John

X ant us, Esq.

liaiiibrii!^ liyponcu^, nov. sp.

The carapax is subrliomboidal in shape, the posterior region being

well developed and prominent, as in L. angidifrons. There is one low

tvibercle on the gastric region, two large, prominent ones on the

cardiac, one small, sjoiniform one on the posterior margin at the

median line, and two rather large ones on the branchial region, the

posterior one of which is the taller, and sitiiated close to the postero­

lateral margin. Besides these tubercles, there are several other, minute

ones, roughly arranged in eight or ten longitudinal rows, and the gen­

eral surface is covered with punctures, crowded together. There are

two or three small pits in the depression between the branchial and

gastric regions. The antero-lateral margin behind the cervical sulcus

is armed with eight triangular, denticulated teeth, the posterior one

being but little longer than the others, which are equal in size. Front

smooth. Rostrum of moderate size, subtriangular, deftexed; sides

slightly concave, unarmed ; apex obtuse. Chelipeds long; surface

smooth above, except that of the meros, which has a median tubercu-

lated ridge ; edges of meros, carpus, and hand armed with small teeth,

which, on the superior edge of the meros, are spiniform; outer edge

of hand with sixteen teeth alternating in size. Below, the chelipeds

are smooth and glabrous except the inner edges, which are tizbercu-

lated ; the tubercles being small. Sternum with a strongly prominent,

almost capitate tubercle on each side at the base of the chelipeds,

which also bears a small tubercle on the basal joint; these four tuber­

cles are somewhat flattened at the top and bent forward. In the fe­

male abdomen the segments are each armed with a transverse ridge,

more or less developed; on the second and third joints this ridge is

strollgly toothed, and on the penidt joint it appears in the form of a

median tubercle.

in the Museum of the Smithsonian Institution. 101

Of tliis species there is but one specimen in the collection, a sterile female, the dimensions of which are: Length of the carapax, 0.00 • breadth, 0.G8 inch; proportion, 1:1.133; length of mcros of cheli-ped, O.GO inch.

Found at P a n a m a by Capt. J . M. Dow, to whom the Inst i­

tution is indebted for tliis and many other interesting species.

liaiiibriis depressiusculiis, nov. sp. Body depressed, though much less so than in L. crenulatzis. Cara­

pax one-fifth broader than long; regions moderately prominent,

the cardiac region most so ; surface covered with scattered, granu­

lated tubercles, irregular in size. Branchial region broadly expand­

ed. Lateral mai-gin armed with about fourteen spiniform, granulated

teeth, lai-geston the outer side of the branchial region ; at the jjostero-

lateral angle they ai'e as long, or longer, than the rostrum. The in­

testinal region is broad, and projects but little beyond the line of the

pool^iro-lateral angles. Of the foui-teen lateral teeth mentioned above,

only five properly belong to the postero-lateral margin. The frontal

region is concave. The rostrum is small, tiiangular, and horizontal.

Chelipeds of the usual length; superior surface of the meros with a

median row of about five spiniform tubercles ; margins of both meros

and hand armed with numerous spiniform teeth, of which there are

about ten on the outer side of the hand. All these teeth of the

chelipeds are granulated like those of the carapax, but not ramose.

Beneath, the hands are ornamented with longitudinal rows of small,

smooth tubercles, largest along the inner edge, and fading out toward

the exterior margin. Ambulatory feet slightly compressed, but not

crested, and perfectly smooth and unarmed. There is a small, slender

spine on the penult joint of the abdomen in the male.

Length of the carapax in a male, 0.85; breadth, spines included,

1.15 inch; proportion 1:1.35 ; length of hand, 1.13 inch.

Found at Manzanillo, Mex., bj John Xantus, Esq.

Soleiiolaiiibrus arcuatu§, nov. sp. Carapax short and broad, with projecting lateral angles. Surface

punctate, much more finely than in S. typicus. Antero-lateral

102 ^otes on Kortli American Crustacea,

margin long and convex. Tlio two antero-lateral margins togetlier

wonld fovni a regular arc ^vere it not for tlie projection of tlie ros­

trum. The ])ostoro-lateral margin is concave, and the posterior

margin short and slightly con^'ex. The antero-lateral margin is armed

witli eleve]! tridenticulate teeth, little projecting; tlie middle ones

1_)roadest. Protuberances of carapax like those of >S'. tj/picvs, but

stronger: tlieir ridges creimlated. Gastric and cardiac j)rotnl:)erances

very tall, Avith strongly 2)rojecting a})ices, which are almost spiiiiforni

Init not acuminate. Eidge of bi-anchial region convex forward, and

creiiidated, A\ith a larger toothlet at the middle. Basal joint of the ex­

ternal antenna? shoi-ter than the next joint. Eyes very small. Afferent

and subhepatic channels ve.i-y deep; the ridge separating them being

prominent aiid very thin and sharp. Xo supplementary lidge on the

subhepatic i-egion. External maxillipeds with hairy inargins, and

with a tubercle near the inner summit of the ischium; antero-exterior

angle of the merosle.ss acute and prominent than in AS'. fypiciis, meros

with three or four strong tubercles on the external oblique ridge.

Sternum between the chelipeds concave, without tubercles. Chelipeds

rather short; meros seven-toothed before and behind; cai'pus with

five denticulated crests ; hand Avith nine strong, subspiniform teeth on

the superior crest, and the same number of tuberculiform teeth on the

OTiter and the inner edge of the lower surface; on the inner edge the

teeth are minute toward the base, but are large on the outer half of

the hand. The surface of the hand between the toothed crests is

smooth; the inferior siirface, and the interstices of the teeth of all

three of the crests, are pubescent. The hand is expanded in width

at the distal extremity, and the dactylus when retracted is exactly at

right angles with the palm. Ambulatoiy feet compressed, ghibrous;

meros-joints with acute, sparsely ciliated superior edge; meros of the

posterior pair obtuse below, without crest. Abdomen smooth.

Length of carapax in a female specimen, 0.40; breadth, 0.52;

length of meros-joint of cheliped, 0.31; length of hand, 0.37 inch.

Taken at Panama by Capt. J. M. Dow.

Heterocryp ta , nov. gen. The type of this genns is the CryptoiJOflia granalata of

<_Tibbcs, which approaches Solenolarnhrus in its cliaracters, and

ill the Museum of the Sinithsoniaii Listitution. 103

differs greatly from Cri/j^tojxxHa in the Avant of a posterior ex­

pansion of the carapax, and in tlie existence of a ridge on tlie

pterjgostomian region defining tlie afferent passage.

II. (/ranulata inhabits the seas of the Sonthern States and of

the West Indies.

Ileterocrypta iiiacrobrachia, nov. sp. Body depressed. Cara])ax narrower and less triangidar tlian that

of II. graniddta., but resembling it in its granulated ridges and pro­

tuberances. Antero-lateral margin regularly convex, and crenulated

with fourteen or fifteen teetli wliicli are themselves denticulated.

^Margin between the lateral angle of the carapax and the projecting

terminus of the brairchial ridge j)rofoundly concave. Posterior mar­

gins crenulated like the anterior, with a somewhat larger tooth on

each side at the juncture of the posterior Avith the posterodateral

margins. Exognath of the external maxillipeds not tuberculated.

Chelipeds very long, smooth, and naked above, except at the crenulated

edges. Ambulatory feet compressed; meros-joint with sharp, minutely

denticulated lower edge.

Color yellowish; sometimes with bluish-gray patches on the cara-

2:)ax, and bands of the same color across the chelipeds.

Dimensions of a male : Length of carapax, 0.56 ; breadth, 0.60 ;

length of meros of chelipeds, 0.46 ; length of hand, 0.55 inch.

I t diff^ers from II. granulata in its longer chelipeds, and

mor .. ong l j toothed margins of the carapax.

Taken at P a n a m a by Capt. J , M. Dow.

P A X C R O I D E A .

liionieFa ciuctitiiana.

CarpiUus cinGtimanus idams and White, Voy. Samarang, Crust., p. 37 ; pi. vii, fig 4.

Liomera dncUmana Dana, U. S. Bxpl. Exped., Crust., I. 101. A. MUne-Edwards, Nouv. Arch, du Mus., I. 219.

The dactylus of the ambnlatory feet is white, with a red base

and black tip.

104 Xotes on North American Crustacea^

This species, like the next, is one of the few Indo-Pacific forms which have thus far occurred on the west coast of America. It was found at Cape St. Lucas by John Xantus, Esq.

liioiiiera lata. Liomera lata Dana, U. S. Expl. Exped., Crust., I. 161; vii. 6. A. Milne-

Edwards, Nouv. Arch, du Mus., I. 220.

Our specimens are somewhat broader than those figured by Dana. Color light-red. Lateral extremities of carapax in the male white. Pter^^gostomian regions white. Fingers of hand black with wliite tips. Dactylus of ambulatory feet with a broad white ring at the middle.

The dimensions of a male specimen are : Length of carapax, 0.41; breadth, 0.74 inch. Of a female: Length of carapax, 0.48 ; breadth, 0.90 inch.

These specimens were found at Cape St. Lucas by John Xantus, Esq.

Actaea Dovii, nov. sp. Yer}^ closely allied to the West Indian species A. setigera,

but differing in the granulation of the carapax, which is finer and more dense, and on the posterior regions more distinct.

Dimensions of a male: Length of carapax, 0.45; breadth, 0.63 inch.

Found at San Salvador by Capt. J. M. Dow, and at Panama, by Alex. Agassiz, Esq.

Actaea erosa. Actaea erosa Stimpson, Notes on N. American Crust., p. 5.

The raised parts of the surface of the carapax, between the small cavities, are conical or ridge-like, and roughened. The lobes of the antero-lateral margin are not distinctly defined, with the exception of the posterior one, which is small, trian­gular, and projecting.

This species differs from the Xantho vermiculata of H. Milne-

in the Museum of the Smithsonian Institution. 105

Edwards, judging from the description in the " Tlistoire Na t -

urelle des Crustaces " in sculpture ;—the surface of the carapax

is not "couver te de petits tubercles sondes entre eux par doubles

rangees." Also, the notch of the meros of the external maxilli-

peds is not at the middle of the anterior margin. Milne-Ed­

wards gives no locality for his vermiGulata.

Alphonse Milne-Edwards regards this species as belonging to

the Xantho-g\^<d\y^.

Xaiithodes Xantusii, nov. sp. In this small species the carapax is smooth on the middle and pos­

terior portions of its surface, but in front it is areolated and rough­

ened with somewhat squamiform granules and slight transverse cren-

ulated ridges. The antero-lateral margin is armed with four teeth,

not including the angle of the orbit, between which and the first

tooth there is a granulated concavity. Front little projecting, and

bordered by a thin lamella; outline of lobes somewhat concave. Fis­

sures of orbit very slight. Subhepatic region irregularly granulated.

Basal joint of the external antennae short, scarcely reaching the pro­

cess of the front. In the chelipeds, the carpus and hand are strongly

granulated above and on the whole outer surface ; carpus with a deep

sulcus near : ^ d parallel to its extero-anterior margin ; hand with three

slight longitudinal sulci, one on the upper and two on the outer sur­

face. Smaller cheliped sparsely short-setose. Ambulatory feet setose

and roughened above with minute asperities.

The dimensions of a male specimen are : Length of carapax, 0.25 ;

breadth, 0.3.5 inch.

I t resembles somewhat X. granosim,anus Dana, a Polynesian

species, but the carapax is narrower and more convex, and the

lobes of the front are concave instead of convex.

Ic is very common at Cape St. Lucas, judging from the large

number collected by Mr. J o h n Xantus .

Xanthodes insciilpta, nov. sp. Very sm9^\ Carapax naked, areolated; ante-*""'" areolets rather

strongly protuberant. Surface very minutely granulated. Antero-

10(1 .yofrs on X^nrtJi Ainr,'ic>ni C/'tistacea,

latci-a] inargiu ^i t l i live tcotli, hichuliiig tla' angle of tlie orbit, wliich

is al)()\it ciiuallv })roi)nm']it Avilii the otlier teetli. There is generally a

minute (leiitiele or two in tlie in terval betweeji the teetli. F r o m the

postei'ior tooth a slight transverse lidge extends inward across the

branchial region. F r o n t ra ther broad ; median and lateral sulci d(>cp ;

margin of lobes convex. Orbital margin smooth, or sini})ly granulat­

ed ; lissni-es very slight, except the extero-inferior one. A sliglit ridge

on the subliepatic regi' - -- —wlii-ig forward from the second antero­

lateral tooth. Clielipeds wi th large tubercles oif })rojectio]is, live or

six on the carpus, and niire or ten on the liand ; outer surfact; of the

hand with a slight median r idge and obsolete t ransverse ranges of

minute granules.

Of this species I have seen oidy one specimen, a male, perhaps imma­

ture, the dimensions of wdiich are : Length of cara})ax, 0.12 ; breadth ,

0.17 inch.

The specimen was found at Cape St. Lucas by Mr. John Xantus.

Meiiiispe Rniiipliii. Ciinccr Bitrnpliii Fabr., Suppl., 336 ('?). Herbst, Naturg-. d. Krabben u.

Krcb.se, III, xlix., 2. J//.;«7j?j/}(': 7i*/Hr/jii/;w" De Haan, Fauna Jax^ouica, Criist., 21 ; Dana U. S. Expl.

Exped., Crust., I.. 179. Smith, Trans. Conn. Acad. II . 34. PHudocarcdJivs Rumpldill. Milne-Edwards, Hist. Xat. des Crust., I. 408. Meiiippe, nodifrons Stimpson, Notes on N. American Crust., p. 7.

In this species, as in 2[. oljtnsa^ tliero is a striated area on the inner surface of the hand, but it is far less developed than in that species, and the stride are much finer and more closely set ; in some specimens they are scarcely perceptible.

Tlie description of Fabricius does not apply, in all respects, to our species ; as, for instance, " carpi vix unidentati " and " frons niargine quadridentata."

II. Milne-Edwards, and tlie older authors generally, give the East Indies as the habitat of the species, but White and Dana refer it to the West Indies and Brazil. In the Smithsonian Mu­seum tliere arc specimens from Florida (Wnrdcmann), Jamai-oa (C. B. Adams), and St. Thomas (A. II. Eiise).

hi tJie 2Liij<cum of iJie Sin'd/isoman Ii}.'^iifut!()n. I07

Iflicropjmope latiiitaii'a, noA. sp. Carapax moderately convex, naked, smootli, and polisLed, except

toward tlie anterior aaul anterodateral margins, wher-e it is somewliat

granulated. Front ratlier l)road, and little; projecting; k)hes -with

straiglit margins. Snl)]ie})atic region miinitely grainilateil. ('lieli-

peds large and angnlar; hands broail, smooth, and polished, stron^lv

protuberant at the postero-iufeiior angle ; palui broader than lonu';

fingers neai'ly as long as the })alm, detlcxed, and black; the black of

the propodal finger extends on the palm for one-third its length. The

hands are unerpial, and tin' lingers of the smaller one are longer and

more deliexed than those of the greater one, which gives the smaller

hand a more angular form and a deeply concave inferior outline.

Ambulatory feet slender, smooth, and sparsely hairy.

Dimensions of a male : Lcjigrli of ca.ra])ax, 0.28 ; breadth, 0.38 inch.

Found at Cape St. Lucas b j John Xantus, Esq.

Mieropaiiope cristiiiiaiia, nov. sp. Carapax convex, smooth posteriorly, and with a transverse ridge,

interrupted at the middle, on th(> gastric, and one on each hepatic

and branchial region. Front coiivex, rathc^r strongly projecting at

the middle, where ther*e is a deep sinus, from wdiich arises a deep

furrow extending backward to tlie g;istric region. Posterior lateral

tooth raiher more prominent than in J\[. latlmana. Hiatus of outer

side of orbit almost entirely obsolete. Inferior inner tooth of orbit

large. Basal joint of the external antennae verjr short. Chelipeds

large, smooth, and polished ; cai'pus with one tooth at the inner angle,

and a short crest, bordering a depressed area, at the outer angle ;

hands very short and broad, and compressed, especially above, Avhere

a smooth crest is formed ; posterior outpr extremity of liand protu­

berant and bituberculate, the tubercles being most cons})icuous in

the greater hand. Fingers black, with white tips; those of tlje smaller

hand much deflexed and longer than the palm. Ambulatory feet

rather con^ipressed and faintly crested above ; dactyli pubescent.

Dimensions of the carapax in a male : Length, 0.22 ; breadth, 0.27

inch.

Cape St. Lucas. J. Xantns.

l ( i > ; Soft''^ on yciih. American Crusfacra.

r^fficropaiioiie eariRjljaea, nov. sp. ('arajiax soiuewliat jnibcsceiit, witli two or tliree t ransverse raised

lines, or slight pubescent ridges, on the gastric and on each branchial

rciiion. I^'rontal and gastric regions nearly smootli. F r o n t ra ther

prominent, nearly horizontal ; margin s traight ; median sin\is slight.

_Flaiz;ellum of the external antenna' as long as the front is broad,

t 'helipeds obsoletely granulated ; carpus with four or five tubercles

above, and a tooth at tlu! inner angle ; hand unarmed, but wi th

two slight 2)arallel longitudinal ridges on the u}>per side. Ambula­

tory feet smooth, slightly pubescent.

The dimensions of the carajiax in a male s])ecinicn are : Length ,

O.iG ; breadth, 0.22 inch.

Found at St. Thomas, by A. H. Riise, Esq.

Clalorodin^ oeciclciitali§ nov. sp. This species represents on the West Coast the C.floridanvs

of the Caribbean Sea. Like many other West Coast crabs, it

differs from its eastern analogue in its broader and less convex

carapax. The antero-lateral teeth are less prominent than in

C. floridanus, the second tooth in particular being broader and

much less acute. The median lobes, or teeth of the front, do

not project be_yond the lateral ones.

Dimensions of a male specimen : Length of carapax. 0.45 ;

breadth, 0.74 inch.

Found at P a n a m a by Alex. Agassiz, Esq., and at Manzanil lo,

Mex., b}' Mr. John Xantus .

Faiiopeus plaiiis^iinus. Xantlio plardssima Stimpson, Notes on ISI". American Crustacea, x . ' 7.

The reception of several specimens of this species of larger

size, and more perfect than those first obtained, gives an oppor­

tunity for a re-examination of its characters, which leads me to

refer it to the genus Panopeus.

The bod}' and chelipeds are very much depressed. The chelipeds

are very large, and the carpus has a groove on the tipper surface,

in the Museum of the SmitJisonian Institatio)). 100

r i inuiug pai-allel and near to tlie autcro-oxterior margin ; ahove this

groove t])er(; arc two tubercles, separated from cacli other Itv a short

groove placed at l ight angles Avitli the first.

Diuieusions of a male specimen : Lenglli of carapax, ().." 1; l,)readth,

0.53 incli.

Cape St. Lncas.

Piliiuiiiiis depressus, nov, sp. Body depressed ; carapax for the most 2)art flattened and naked,

bnt slightly cnrved, pilose and roughened toward the anter ior and

antero-lat(;ral margins. F ron ta l margin spinulose. Margins of the

orbi ts above and below armed with spiniform teetli. Antero- la teral

margin wi th three spiniform teeth besides the angle of the orbit ,

which, like the nex t lateral tooth, is bifid. Subhepatic tooth miniite.

Subliepatic and suborbital regions covered with sharp granules con­

cealed beiusath pubescence. Feet pilose and spinulose; spinules

shorter than in P. XantV'Sii. Grea ter cheliped naked and obsoletely

granula ted on the larger p a r t of i ts outer surface.

Dimensions of a male specimen : Length of carapax, 0 .35 ; breadth.,

0.47 inch.

Cape St. Lncas. J. Xantiis.

Filiiiiiuiii^ ceraloi>ai§. Pilnniii'ns cer(il0]VJ>i Stimpson, Notes on JN'. American Cnistacoa. i>. ST. Pilnmnvs? Dcsbonno et Schramm, Crust, de la Guadeloupe, p. 3'3; yA. iii,

figs. 9, 10.

Tl i i s spec ies , o r i g i n a l l y d i s cove red on t h e F l o r i d a coast , w a s

f o n n d a t G n a d e l o n p e b y M . D e s b o n n e .

Piloniii t is iiiar§riitatii§, nov. sp. A very small species. Carapax somewhat hairy, moderately convex,

somewhat distinctly areolated, and regularly covered with small ecpii-

distant tubercles, between which the surface is very minutely ^^unc-

tate . The posterior ext remity is very narrow. The areolets are not

protuberant . The median frontal channel is ra ther deep and con­

spicuous. The front is broad, very lit t le prominent , and separated

110 Xotcs on North American Crustacea^

from the supra-orbital margin by a small notcli; its margin is simply

f'rannlated, and there is a slight channd rniniing parallel with it and

separating it from the frontal region. The orbital margin is unarmed

exeejit bv small tubercles or grannies, and has a single slight fissure

at the middle above. The antero-lateral margin is sharply defined,

almost limbed ; and is armed with tliree very slightly prominent

teeth, besides the angle of the orbit, and a broad lobe posterior to it,

ndther of which project beyond the geiieral ontliiie; the three

teeth are each composed of two or three denticles, of about the size

of the tubercles of the dorsal surface. There is no subhepatic tooth.

The ridge of the endostome is almost obsolete. Chelipeds large, grann-

lated ; carpus and hand usually covered on the outside with a dense

tuft of algoid growth.

Dimensions of a male specimen : Length of carapax. 0.16 ; breadth,

0.20 inch.

This species is chiefly remarkable for the absence of a sub­hepatic tooth, and the character of the antero-lateral margin, wliicli approaches somewliat in appearance that of Pilimi-noides, though much shorter.

Cape St. Lucas : J. Xantus,

A c i c l o p s 'nov. gen.

Carapax broad, smooth, with convex antero-posterior and nearly

plane transverse dorsal outline ; surface nearly even. Antero-lateral

margin short, acute, with three inconspicuous teeth, besides the

angle of the orbit. Eyes and orbits elongated, resembling somewhat

those of certain IMacrophthahnoids. Orbits destitute of teeth or

fissures. Eye-peduncles flattened, with an acute anterior edge con-

tinuotrs with that of the margin of the carapax. The basal joint of

the external antenme fills the hiatus of the orbit and just reaches the

front. Chelipeds small. Ambulatory feet broad and compressed,

except the terminal joint, which is narrow. Abdomen of the male

with the third joint much produced on. either side. Male appendages

of the first pair broadly laminate at base, geniculated at the posterior

third of their length, and tapering to a fine point, somewhat incurved

toward the extremity, and reaching to the penult segment of the

in the Museum of the Smithsonian Institnt'ion. I l l

abdomen ; those of the second pair two-thii'ds as long as the first slender, cylindrical, and tapering to a filiform extremity.

This genus is somewhat allied to Pihimnus, l)ut differs

greatly in the character of the orbits and eye-peduncles.

Acidop!^ liBiibriatus, nov. sp. Anterior and antero-laterai margins of the carapax ciliated with

a fringe of long fine hairs. Carapax coA'ered with a short pnbescence

and areolated, the areolets being sufiiciently distinct, biit not at all

protuberant. Angle of the orbit and next tooth of the antero-laterai

margin about equal in size ; the other two teeth very small. Siib-

hepatic region smooth. Front not prominent; median sinus slight;

lobes very slightly convex. External maxillipeds hairy; meros-joint

somewhat swollen. Chelipeds somewhat hairy; hand granidated on

the outer side; fingers short, acuminate, and with granulated longi­

tudinal ridges. Ambulatory feet ciliated.

Dimensions of a male specimen : Lejigth of carapax, 0.21; breadth,

0.28 inch.

This little crab resembles Ceratoplax ciliatus in appearance.

Cape St. Lucas. J . Xantus .

Aclieloiis traiisverstis, nov. sp. Carapax broad ; regions only slightly protuberant; ridges distinct,

granulated ; branchial ridge sinuous, but only slightly convex, curv­

ing forward even less than in A. Gibhesii and scarcely more than in

Callinectes, but nevertheless forming an angle near the base of the

lateral spine. The oblique meso-branchial lobes are distinct. The

lateral spine is long, as long as the space occupied by the four or five

teeth in front of it. The other antero-laterai teeth are pretty strong,

equal, and have a granulated surface. Front nearly as in A. pana-

mensis described below, but with the teeth somewhat more pointed.

Chelipeds rather short; meros foui'-toothed in front. Meros of the

posterior pair of feet with a spiniform tooth at inferior extremity.

Dimensions of a male : Length of carapax, 0.39 ; breadth., 0.85

inch.

Of this species I have seen only one specimen, which is im-NOVBMBEK, 1871. 8 ANN. LYC. NAT. HIST. VOL. X.

112 JS^otes on North American Crustacea^

pert'ect, tlie hands being wanting. It has somewhat the aspect of a Cdllinectes.

It was taken at Manzanillo, Mex., by John Xantus, Esq.

Aclneloiis acuii i i i iatus, nov. sp. Body and feet pubescent. Carapax very sbort and broad ; propor­

tion of length to breadth, 1:2.52 ; surface uneven, biit with the pro­

tuberances few ui number and large, these being on the gastric,

cardiac, and inner branchial regions. All the protuberances and

ridg(!S are granulated at their summits only. The branchial ridge is

convex, bending rather abruptly forward near the base of the lateral

spine. This lateral spine is very long, nearly two-thirds as long as

the antero-lateral margin. The other teeth are rather strong, the

second, fourth, and sixth being somewhat smaller than the others.

Front convex, separated from the orbit by deep incisions ; median

teeth projecting somewhat beyond the level of the outer angles of

the orbit; teeth equal, bluntly triangular, moderately deeply cu t ;

median teeth most projecting. A large notch on the margin of the

oi"bit above the insertion of the external antennae. Chelipeds very

long, nearly three times as long as the carapax ; meros longer than

the carapax, projecting nearly to the middle of the penult joint of the

first pair of ambulatory feet, and tapering, and armed with four spines

in front; carpus slender, inner spine no longer than the basal spine

of the hand ; hand very slender, almost sword-shaped, and with

strong granulated ridges. A spine on the meros-joint of the pos­

terior pair of feet.

Dimensions of a male: Length of carapax, 0.50; breadth, 1.26

inch.

Found at Panama by Capt. J. M. Dow.

Acheloiis panamen^is , nov. sp. Carapax moderately broad; regions moderately protuberant.

Branchial ridge bending very abruptly forward near the base of the

lateral spine. Lateral spine as long as the space occupied by the

three teeth in front of it. The other lateral teeth are rather strong,

and of equal size. Front projecting slightly beyond the level of the

in the Museum of the Smithsonian Institution. 113

angles of the orbits ; teeth rather blunt, equally prominent; median

teeth smaller than the laterals, and separated from each other by a

much deeper and narrower sinus than that separating them from

the laterals. ISTotch of orbitnl margin over base of antennae very

slight. Clielipeds rather long; meros with four spines in front;

inner s])ine of carpus about tAvice as long as basal spine of hand ;

hand of ordinary proportions, if anything rather more slender than

usual. A spine on meros joint of posterior feet.

Dimensions of a male: Length of carapax, 0.40; breadth, 0.75

inch. The breadth in this and the two preceding species of Acheloiis

is measured between the tips of the lateral spines.

I t differs from A. acuminatus in its narrower carapax, shorter

lateral spines, blunter frontal teeth, and thicker hand.

Panama, Capt. J . M. Dow.

Acheloiis aiiceps. Lupea anceps De Saussure, Crust, nouv. des Antilles, etc., p. 18 ; pi. it,

f. 11. Lupea Duchassagni Desbonne et Schramm, Crust, de la Guadeloupe, p. 39 ;

pi. iv, f. 25.

Specimens from St. Thomas in the Smithsonian Collection

agree with the descriptions quoted above in everything except

their shorter chelipeds.

O C Y P O D O I D E A .

Pachy^raiJ^es §^racilis. Metopograpsus graGilis De Saussure, Crust, nouv. des Antilles, etc., p. 27 ;

pi. ii, fig. 15.

Found at Barbados by Professor T. Gill.

Pachygrapsus transversiis. Orapsus transversus Gibbes, Proc. Am. Assoc. Adv. Sci., 1850, p. 181. Pachygrapsiis transversus G:i\ibes, loo. eit., p. 182. Metopograpsus dubius De Saussure, Crust, nouv. des Antilles, p. 29; pi. ii,

% 16.

Found at St. Thomas by A. H . Riise, and at Barbados by

Theo. Gill.

114 JVotes on JS^orth American Crustacea,

Pacliygrapsus sociiis, nov. sp. Closely allied to 1^. trmisversits, but differing in several minor par-

ticvilars. The cai'apax is somewhat narrower, less convex, and more

strongly striated; and the frontal region is more depressed and ex­

panded. The propodal finger of the chelipeds never has the dark

patch which is always more or less conspicuous in T*. transversus and

JP, innotatus.

Dimensions of a male specimen: Length of carapax, 0.63;

breadth, 0.725 inch.

There are specimens in the "Smithsonian Collection from the

following localities : Pe ru , C. I I . R a y m o n d ; Panama, Alex.

Agassiz ; San Salvador, J . M. Dow ; Manzanillo, Mex., John

Xantus ; Cape St. Lucas, Jolm Xantus .

L E U C O S O I D E A .

Calappa convexa.

Galappa convexa De Saussure, Eev. et Mag. de Zool., 1853, pi. xiii, fig. 3. Galappa Xantusiana Stimpson, Notes on N. American Crust., p. 109.

There are specimens in the Smithsonian Collection from Cape

St. Lucas (Xantus), Mazatlan (BischofF), and P a n a m a (Stern-

bergh).

Osachila acuta, nov. sp. Carapax depressed between the protuberances, and particularly

toward the antero-lateral margins, where it is broadly expanded and

concave. Protuberances rather small and somewhat conical; the

three on the gastric region equal; all of them tuberculated, and with

the tubercles coarsely punctate. Between the large protuberances

there are no small ones, but the surface is smooth, naked, and micro­

scopically and crowdedly punctate. The rostrum is flattened, narrow,

prominent, and bilobed at the extremity; margin thin and sharp,

and at the extremities of the lobes denticulated. Antero-Iateral

margin acute, arcuated anteriorly but becoming nearly straight and

parallel to the axis of the body posteriorly; its armature is variable,

in the Iluseum of the Smithsojiian Institution. 115

but generally tliere are seven or eight teeth behind the obtuse tubercu-

lated space near the orbit, or rather behind the point where the

traiisverse siibhepatic ridge joins the margin; the teeth increase in

size posteriorly, and each one is composed of two or three denticles,

the median one being largest where there are three. The postero­

lateral margin is thickened, as if double; it is irregularly tvibercu-

lated, and bears two strong triangular teeth, one next the lateral tooth

of the carapax and the other next the postei'ior extremity. The

posterior extremity of the carapax is narrow, with two thickened,

tuberculated margins placed one above the other. Beneath, the sur­

face of the body is rough with pits and tubercles both anteriorly and

posteriorly; but the subbranchial region is smooth. Chelipeds angu­

lar ; meros smooth below, a,nd having a transverse, crenulated, lami-

niform crest at the superior extremity, following the upper part of

the base of the carpus; supero-exterior surface of the carpus nearly

smooth; superior crest of the hand with three equal teeth ; outer

surface of hand with five longitudinal ridges, the three upper ridges

formed of large, the two lower ones of small tubercles. Ambulatory

feet nearly as in 0. tioherosa, but with the crests less prominent, that

of the meros-joint not pitted, but faintly denticulated and sparsely

hairy.

Color yellowish, with spots of red and white resembling patches of

lichen.

Dimensions of a male : Length of carapax, 0.70; greatest breadth,

at the antepenult antero-lateral tooth, 0.83 inch.

There are several specimens of this species in the Smithso­nian Collection, which were taken at Panama by Oapt. J, M. Dow, and at Manzanillo by John Xantus, Esq.

liithaclia pontifera, nov. sp. The following description is that of an ackilt female, the only spe­

cimen I have seen. The carapax is rather broader and less convex

than in other species of the genus, and has an angular outline, with

an aspect somewhat like that of a JVtorsia. The sides project con­

siderably over the bases of the feet. The entire upper surface is

J i t ) \nl,.<oii XoiiJi Anirr'iCirn. C/'U-stiiiVti,

m-amihitt'd. 'I'lif pi-otubminccs of tli(> cava[);ix arc smalU'i; lliaii iisnal,

l)ut i>r(>nii)H'iit, ami cov(>r(Ml with tubercles, ur granules, much larger

tliau tlinsi' on the depressed parts . Tlie braucliial protuberance is

divided iido two, one ])a/'t Indng connected ])y a ]idg(; witli the ante­

rior lateral tooth, and tlio other by a thicker ridge with the posterior

lateral tooth. Ther(> is a median tuberculat(>d ridge extending from

the frontal region to the cardiac, and i]itcrrn])ted at tlu^ ct.'ntre of the

cara]iax. Bet-wt'en the cardiac and the branchial region on either

side thei'C is a deep narrow cavity, Inidged over by the mc^eting of a

jirojection from \\\v cai'diac I'egion ^vith a similar projection from the

[losterior branchial protuberance. The hepatic region is not very

protuberant above, and l^ears a short longitudinal ridge. Th(i mar­

ginal teeth of the c'ai'apax are all prominent , thickened, coarsely

granulated, and sc])arated by ]-ather deeply concave intervals. Tlic

anter ior lateral tooth ( that on the, branchial region, forming the an-

tei 'odateral angle of the body) is very large and prominent , and

there is a smaller t r iangular tooth in front of it, point ing dowmvard.

Between this la t ter and the t i iangular hepatic tooth there; is a deep

sinus. The subhepatic tooth, is v^ery proniincjit and tuberculated.

The posterior lateral tootli is oljtusely rounded. The postei ior mar-

"in is th inner than the anter ior and lateral margins on account of the

dec}) (excavation around tlie cardiac i'egion; the intest inal region is

bilobed, bu t the lobes do not form dentiform projections, the p)oste-

rior outline being nearly straight wdien viewed from above, though

in ter rupted at the middle. The fi-ont has a deep sinus at the middle,

and is someA\diat biniarginate. The epistomo is very short , and the

suborbital region less developed than usual. The external maxill i-

peds are granulated, wi th the meros of the enclognath much smoother

t han the other joints . The chelipeds are somewhat flattened, and

resemble those of the type, L. Cumingii ^' the outer crest of tlie hand

is ra ther sliarp. The ambulatory feet are granulated and tubercu­

lated ; the tubercles not spiniform. The abdomen is densely tuber-

ctdated.

Dimensions of the female specimen: Length of carapax, 0 ' 3 9 ;

breadth, 0*4S inch.

T h i s can sca rce ly b e i\\Q. Ehalia mariim'dJosa of D e s b o n n e a n d

in the JIu.seu//,, <if fjir Sz/r/f/iso/iic/} J/isf/'/irf/nn. I I 7

Sc.lirainiu, Cni^t. de lu Guadaloiipe, p. 54. for tliat sjiccics is

described as liavinir tlie i^'raindatioiis of the dielipetls lari^-cr

than tliose of tlie earapax; the lueros of tlie clielipeds i'iniii(]ed.

and both iiiei'os and hand witliont cre>t; the and)ulatorv feet

siniph- grannhited ; and no mention is nnuh" of tlie l)i'idi;'(Ml

fossa; between tlie cardiac and the l)ranchial reirions, nnh'>s

these ai'e what is meant by "'trous borgaies," which is not prob­

able. What R\ ntaiiihiiJh:»>(h is will. p>erhaps. always remain a

matter of conjecture, as no spc(-imen ^ •as preserved in Des-

bonne's collection, and no tigure w;is nnide. I t is pi-ol)al)lv a

JyitJiadla.

Found at Barbados b_y Tlieodore Gill.

Sl§. nov. gen.

Closely allied to Oreopliorus^ but differing in its broadly el­

liptical shape, in the greater expansion of tlie sides of the eara­

pax, in the non-projecting front, in tlie concealment of the eves

beneath the orbital margin of the cara|)ax, in the broader and

non-tapering exognath of the external maxillipeds, and in the

expanded penult joint and short dactyl us of tlie ambulatory

feet. The he[)atic region is not distinctly defined, and is not

toothed.

UJilias is an American, while Oreojjhorus is an East Indian

ffenus.

a s e l M p t l C M § , nov. sp.

Of tills species I have seen only one specimen, a female, wliicli

may be described as follows: Carapax broad, regularly elli|)tical, rather

depressed; sides much expanded, laminiform ; middle of the carapax

elevated above the sides, which are depressed. Upper surface, with

the exception of the central parts and the lateral expansions, covered

with deep, rounded, or elongated pits. The posterior pits are the

largest, and six of them, of a pentagonal or rounded shape, are situ­

ated on the posterior part of the branchial regions, three on each

side. A large, transverse pit occupies the entire width of the intes-

1 IS Xotcs o)i XortJi American Crustacea^

liual n-'i ioii, following the posterior margin. The pits on tlu^ frontal

and hejiatic regions are elongated in a direction parallel with the

longitudinal axis of the body. The entire surface, except the bottoms

of the pits, is gran\ilated. The margins are slightly Avaved, but no-

w'liere distinctly toothed. The front docs not project miich beyond

rlio regular curve of the anterior outline. The frontal margin is

; hick, and the eyes are small, and in our specimen are firmly imbed­

ded in their sockets, lying beneath the margin, so as not to be seen

fi-om above. The intestinal margin is straight. Feet granulated.

(Jhelipeds short, with a crest on the meros and one on the hand.

Ambulatory feet compressed, with a laminiform crest on the meros

joint, and two similar crests on the carpus and penult joint; this

penult joint is broadly expanded below, forming a process against

which the short dactylus retracts ; thus giving a subcheliform a})pcar-

ance to the extremities of the feet.

Dimensions of the female specimen: Length of carapax, 0.20 j

breadth, 0.31 inch.

Found at Panama by Capt. J. M. Dow.

Uhlias liiubatais, nov. sp. Description of an adult female : Carapax broad, subelliptical, rather

sharply curved and almost angular at the sides, which are strongly

projecting. Upper surface coarsely and closely granulated, and

moderately convex, except towards the sides, where it is depressed as

in TJ. ellipticus. The cardiac region is surrounded, except in front,

by a deep furrow, which posteriorly follows the posterior margin of

the carapax. There is also a deep circular pit on the posterior part

of the branchial region; but there are no other well-defined pits, al­

though the swollen part of the carapax is surrounded on the sides

and in front by a shallow concavity, which deepens at its posterior

extremity on the branchial region. The lateral margins ai'e waved,

but not distinctly toothed. The posterior margin is slightly convex.

Ambulatory feet rather short and stout, not compressed, granulated

above and below; penult and antepenult joints somewhat flattened

or even concave above, but not crested; penult joint much less ex­

panded below than in IT. ellipticus^ and not forming so distinct a

in the Museum of the Smithsoniioi Lh'^titution. Hi)

luiiid ; dactyli about (>qual to tlic penult joint in length. The clicli-pods are wanting in the only specimen I have seen.

The dimensions of this specimen are: Length of carapax, 0.22; breadth, 0.32 inch.

Found at St. Thomas, W. I., by A. H . liiise, Esq.

Spclsieoplnwrus nodosiiis, A. M.-Edw. OreopJionis nodosvs Bell, Trans. Lm. Soc., XXI, 807; pi. xxxiii, fig. 8. SpehteopJionts nodosiis A. Milne-Edwards, Ann. Soc. But. de France.

4e Serie, Tome V, p. 149.

Of this species there is one (female) specimen in tlie Smith­

sonian collection. I t agrees well with the figure and descrip­

tion of Bell, except that the exognath of the enter niaxillipeds

does not ta})er, but is blunt, almost truncated at tlie extremity,

and that the ambulatory feet are less spinous. The postero-

inferior marginal lobe is concave in outline, and granulated

be low; and its lateral angles do not form teeth projecting

downward, as in Bell's figure of a posterior view of the male

carapax. This latter may be a sexual difference. The soldered

segments of the female abdomen have a longitudinal sulcus on

either side of the median line, and the lateral surfaces are ru­

gose and pitted, as if eroded.

The specimen was taken at Jamaica by the late Prof. C. B .

Adams.

P O E C E L L A N O I D E A .

Petrolist l ies erioiiieriis, nov. sp.

ISTear I*, rujncola. Front nearly horizontal. Epigastric lobes

rather sharply prominent, more so than in the allied species. The

protogastric and epibranchial lobes are also prominent, and there is a

channel between them and the orbital and the antero-lateral margins.

Front broad, triangular, much less prominent than in JP. ru^oicola.

Clielipeds (except at the fingers) granulated; carpus rather elongated,

with a straight and entire anterior margin destitute of a prominent

^•2\) Xofc'^ Oil Xoi'fh American, Crnstaeea,

iiiiior 1<'1)|\ a]i(l a denticulated po^terioi' marg in ; hand with a tuft of

hail- l)et\vceu the tingers 1)ehnv. Aniljulatory feet everyAvherc hairy

on npper edge. Surface of mcros of third pair also hairy. Size of

J*. rii/iicoJfi.

Fomi ' l ;it Mei id ic i i io , C;d.. by A l e x a i u l e r Agass i z . Escp

P©Iy©iiayx EBiaerocheles.

r<>i'cdlaiia •luiici'ocltdi'^ Crihbcs, Proc. Am. Assoc. Adv. Sci., 1850, p. 171.

T h i s s|)e(^ie3 l ives in t h e tnl)es of Chadopterus^ a l o n g w i t h

t h e w o r m a n d i ts o t h e r g u e s t , Pinnixa cliaetojyterana^ on t h e

eoast of S o u t h C a r o l i n a .

H I P P O I D E A .

Sieii i ipes l>arfoacleBs§i§.

Sqvilla harhadcnsis ovalis Petiver, PEetrigrapliia americana, pi. ii, f. 9.

Body oval. Carapax depressed, not naiTOwed antei ior ly ; siu-face

]iearly smooth, hu t anter ior ly and toward the sides minute ly lineo-

latod transversely as in other species. F r o n t broad, undulated, wi th

a single broadly rounded median tooth ; margin minutely crenTilated.

The lateral margins are ornamented with a ra ther broad marginal

stripe, which is t ransversely s t r i a t ed ; striaj setiferous, and not inter­

rupted a t the middle as in some species. Inne r antenna? half as long

as the ca rapax ; the shorter flagellum being scarcely a t en th pa r t as

long as the longer one, Avhich is compressed and almost naked.

Length of cax'apax, 0 .84 ; breadth^ 0.69 inch.

F o u n d ? , B a r b a d o s b y Prof . G i l l , a n d a t K e y B i s c a y n e ,

F l a . , l)y t l ie l a t e G u s t a v u s W u r d e n i a n n .

T I I A L A S S m O l D E A .

C r l y p l M r i i s .

Glypturus Stimpsoa, Proc. Chicago Acad, of Sciences, I, 46.

Flagella of the antennulse much longer than their peduncles. Ex-

Lernal maxillipcds i n d u r a t e d ; meros and ischium not dilated, no

in. flu; 3I((se>'vi of t/w Si/iifLsonicai Insfit^ifion. 121

broader than tlie propodus (penult joint), and eoncave on tli(> mit(M-

surface; iscliium armed along tlie, middle of its inner edge with a

sharji, prominent, spinous crest; carpus thick, and only half as hruad

as the propodus, which is greatly dilated within, and truncated, but

not grooved, at the broad anterioi- margin, against Avhich tlie daetvlus

folds; dactylus rather stout, conipressed, and rather longer than the;

anterior margin of the propodus. Mandibles strong, much indurated ;

corona with its margin unevenly toothed, deeply cleft within and

with the basal ytrocess as broad and half as high as the corona itself

and having also a toothed edge. Appendages to the first two joints

of the abdomen in the male nearly similar to the coi-responding parts

in the female. Caudal lamellaj deeply sciilptured. Of the appen­

dages to the penult joint of the abdomen, the outer lamella; appear as

if composed of two pieces soldered together", the outer one of wdiich

overlaps the inner; while the inner lamella; are obliquely triangular.

Terminal segment of the abdomen very small.

Ghjpturiis acanthocMrus Stimpson, Proc. Chicago Acad, of Sciences, I, 46.

Dorsal suture very deep. Front bearing an erect spine close to its

anterior extremity, and a sharp, curved spine on either side, over the

insertion of the outer antenna;. Greater clieliped rather short and

stout; ischium, meros, and carpus with their lower edge spinous;

mer-os with two spines above, and no projecting lobe at the base

below; carpus much shorter than the palm of the hand; hand much

broader than the carpus, with three spines on the upper edge, and a

granulated area on the outer sm-face behind the base of the pollex or

immovable finger; dactylus two-thirds as long as the palm of the

hand. Smaller clieliped nearly similar to the greater one in shape

and armature, but of less than half its size.

In a female specimen, the length of the animal, exclusive of the

antennce, is 3.9 inches; length, of the carapax, 1.02; length of car­

pus and hand taken together, and meas\ired to the end of the dacty­

lus, 1,6 inches.

This species is not uncommon among the Florida Kcj's. A

122 Xotcs on Xorth American Crustacea,

C'onsi(!ei-al)le imnibei' of spechnens was found at the Tui'tngas

l)_v Dr. Whitehurst .

It cannot be mistaken for anj- of the Thalassinidea found on

oin- eoast, unless it be a species described by Prof. Lewis R,

(libbes under the name of Callianassa grandiraana^ in the

I'i'deeedings of the Charleston meeting of the American Asso-

ciarion for the Advancement of Science, in 1850. If the de­

scription given by that author is correct, however, our species

di tiers from that named i)y him in having the palm of the hand

le.-s than t\vice as long as the carpus, and in liaving a grann-

hited area on the outer surface of this pa lm; as well as in the

armature of the lower edge of the greater cheliped.

Callichiriis.

Cidllcldrus Stimpson, Proc. Chicago Acad, of Sciences, I, 47.

Flagella of antennulai rather shorter than tlieir peduncles. Exter­

nal maxillipeds soft, coriaceous; meros and ischium compressed

and dilated; meros short; carpus and propodus much dilated

at the inner margins; propodus larger and more dilated than

the carpus, and with a groove in its anterior margin, into which the

small, curved dactylus folds. Inner lobes and lacinijie of the second

pair of maxillse for the most part narrow. Mandibles veiy small and

weak, not indurated ; internal basal projection only slightly devel­

oped. Cai'pus and hand of the greater cheliped very long. The ap­

pendages to the first and second joints of the abdomen in the male

are small; those of the first pair having but one branch, while those

of the second pair have two branches, the outer branch being minute.

Caudal lamellae much thickened. Inner lamellae of the appendages to

the penult joint of the abdomen very narrow, almost styliform. Ter­

minal joint of the abdomen short and broad, contracted at the base,

and emarginated at the extremity.

The type of this genus is the Cat/^a/iff^s^a wzo/or of Say (Jour.

Acad. ]K^at. Sci., Philad. , I , p. 238). This species is found

abundantlv on the sandv shores of the Southern States—Xorth

hi the Jluseiun of the SniitJisonian Lh^tltidion. 12.')

and Soutli Carolina, Georgia, Florida, etc. It Lnrrows in tl)e

sands abont low-water mark, its holes being nsuallv al)oi;t one

foot in depth.

A S T A C O I D E A .

Scyllariis nodirer .

Scyllams nodifcr Stimpson, Proc. Chicago Acad, of Sciences, I, 48.

Upper surface tubercnlated; tubercles sparsely setose. A stroj.g,

bideutate projection on the gastric region of tlie carapax. On (lie

third segment of the abdomen above there is a very prominent, me­

dian knob, which forms the posterior extremity of the body when tlic

abdomen is folded in. The second joint of the antennae is armed

with four or five teeth on the antero-exterior margin—the teeth, witli

the exception of that at the angle, being little prominent. Fourtli

joint of the antennae broader than long, with the margins crenulated,

and the antero-exterior angle prominent.

The length of the largest specimen is about five inches. In a male,

the length of the carapax is 2.1 ; and its breadth at the anterior ex­

tremity, 1.88 inches. In a female, length of carapax, 1.225; breadth

anteriorly, 1.13 inches,

Found among the Florida Keys. The specimens in the Smithsonian Museum were taken at the Tortugas by Dr. Wliiteliurst, and there are examples from Key West in the Mu­seum of Comparative Zoology at Cambridge.

CARIDEA.

Miiipoly^iiiata caliForBiica.

Hijypolysmata califoriiica Stimpson, Proc. Chicago Acad, of Sciences, I, 48.

Surface of carapax and abdomen minutely pubescent. Rostrum

short, scarcely over-reaching the ante-penult joint of the peduncle of

the antennuhe, and six-toothed above, the posteiior tooth being situ­

ated at one-half more than the iisual interval behind the next tooth.

124 Notes on North American Crustacea,

and at about the anterior tliiixl of the length of the carapax; below,

the rostrum is armed Avith three minute teeth. On the anterior inar-

ijin of the carapax there iy a strong spine above the base of the antennae,

and a minute one below it. Flagella of the antennuliw equal, and

very long, one and a half times as long as the body. Acicles or ap­

pendages to the antcnme broad even to their tips, and much longer

than the ])eduncles of the antennulfe. External maxillipeds thickly

setose, and reaching the extremity of the acicles. Terminal segment

of the abdomen with two pairs of aculei above.

Length, 1.25 inches,

Foiind at San Diego, Cal., by Mr. Cassidy.

This is the analogue of the Florida species, II. Wurcle^nanni

{Illpjjolyte Wurdemanni Gibbes), from which it differs in its

h)nger antennulai, smaller eyes, etc.

Rhyi ic l iocylws parv i i lns , nov. sp.

Dorsum of the carapax elevated, and protuberant at the middle of

its length, its anterior half having a considerable slope forward, and

being obtusely carinated and armed with five small, spiniform teeth ;

—the posterior two teeth being somewhat remote from the anterior

three, which are approximated. Rostrum one-third as long as the

carapax, rounded-ovate, reaching beyond the tips of the peduncles of

antennulte and the antennal scales, and serrated with six teeth above

and three below near the extremity. Antennuhe longer than the

rostrum; antennse as long as the body. The external maxillipeds

reach the extremity of the peduncle of the antennae. Feet of the

first pair very short; carpus half as long as the nieros, and excavated

in front for the reception of the hand. Feet of the second pair with

a triarticulate carpus. Abdomen smooth above ; caudal segment with

two pairs of aculei on the dorsum.

The color in life is unknown to me. Alcoholic specimens are plen­

tifully spotted and blotched with whitish pigment.

Length, half an inch.

Found at St. Joseph's I., Texas, \)j Gustavus Wurdemann ,

Esq.

in the Museum of the Smithsoman Institution. 125

I^cctocrjiiBig'OBi lar . Crangon lar Owen, Becchey's Voy., Zocil., 88 ; jil. xxviii. f. 1. Argk lar Kroyer, Tidsskrift, IV. 255; pi. v. f. 45-02. Nectocrangon lar Brandt, Sibiiische Reise, Zocil., p. 115.

Tliero ai'G specimens in the Smitlisoiiiun collection, taken at

St. John 's , l^s^ewfonndland, b j Prof. Gill.

Mippolyte pic ta , nov. sp,

Carapax and rostrum as in H. sitchaensis Brandt (Sibirische

Reise, ZooL, p. IIG; pi. v, f. 8), tlie latter reaching a very little

beyond the peduncle of the antennida^, and armed with six teetli

above (including two on the carapax) and three teeth below, near the

extremity. On the antennuhx; the outer flagellum has the slender

part only one-fourth as long as the thick part; the inner flagellum is

one-half longer than the outer. The external antennae are one-third

longer than - he body. The external maxillipeds reach a little beyond

the tip of t .e antennal scale, and are provided with a flagellum or

epignath, b' t have no exognath. Feet of the fiist pair provided with

an epipod, those of the last pair rather long and stout; abdomen

smooth; last segment with four pairs of dorsal aculei.

Thorax obliquely streaked with crimson. Length of the largest

specimen, 1.33 inch.

I t differs from II. sitchaensis Brandt in its longer external

maxillipeds and non-carinated abdomen, Tlie losti'nm is longer

than in II. palpatory but much shorter than in II. layi.

Found at Monterey, C a l , b j A . S. Taylor, Esq.

Mlppolyte vitoraii§, nov. sp.

This species resembles veiy closely II PMppsii Kroyer

(Monog. Fremst. Hippol. , p. 106, pi. iii, fig. 65-68), but differs

in having but one spine over the eye, and only two or three

teeth beneath the tip of the rostrum. The carina of the cara­

pax is sufficiently well marked toward the base of the rostrum.

Found in Massachusetts Bay.

120 Ji\>tcs on 2s'o/'ih Arnericcoi Crtisiacea,

Hippolyte spina. Cancer .'<2)i?itis Sowerby, British Miscellany, xxi. Ilippoll/te npim/sVrhite, British Museum Cat., Crust. (1847), p. 7G. Bell,

British Crustacea, p. 284. llippolyte Sowerbei Leach. Kroyer, Monog. Fremst. Hippol., 90; pi. ii. fig.

45-54.

This species is very beautifully colored in life, being gene­rally speckled or mottled with crimson, or bluish; the base of the antennuliie is usually brownish, and tlic scale of the antenr.a' blue.

I t is common on rocky bottoms, among algjB in the laminariaii zone, on the coasts of Maine and Massachusetts. I have sever;tl specimens from Grand Manan, where it occurs at low water mark.

Sowerby, by the name he gave to this species, doubtless had reference to a spine, or the backbone; in Latin spina^ not sjjinus. /Spinus is not an adjective, and means only the sloe-tree, which could scarcely have been intended. 1 liave, tliei'e-fore, taken the liberty to modify the name, and all the more wil­lingly because llippolyte is feminine.

Hippolyte Fabricii. llippolyte Fabricii Kroyer, Monog. Fremst. Hippol., p. G9; pi. i, f. 12-20.

This species is common in Massachusetts Bay, in which I have often obtained specimens by dredging.

l l ippolyte Crainiardii. Hippolyte Oairaardii H. Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. des Crust., II , 378.

Kroyer, Monog. Fremst. Hippol., p. 74; pi. i, i. 21-39.

In our specimens the back of the abdomen at the third seg­ment is smoothly rounded ; but in Milne-Edwards' description this segment is said to be " moins dente." Our specimens, however, agree perfectly with Kroyers -description and figures.

This species occurred to me on a sandy bottom, covered with dead Zostera, in three fathoms, in Boston harbor, and I have found it in other parts of Massachusetts Ba}^

ill the Museum of the Smithsonian Institution. 127

Mippolyie piisiola. Ilippolyte pimol-n Kroyer, Monog. Fremst. Hippol., p. 111. ; pi. iii, fig.

G9-73.

This small s])eeies is easily distinguisbed from our other I l ip -

polytes by the smallness of its four-toothed rostrum, which is

no longer tliaii the eyes. There is no spine over the eye.

I ha\-e found it abundantly in Massachusetts Bay, particularly

in Boston Harbor. I t also occurred to me at I larpswell , Me.

I t lives in the laminarian zone, and is most frequent among

eel-grass [Zostera).

Virbius pleuracanthus, nov. sp. Back depressed. Rostrum liorizontally broad, and smooth at base,

acute, about half as long as the carapax, and scarcely more than half

as long as the acicle of the antennaa, but reaching to tlie extremity

of the penult joint of the peduncle of the antennulse, and armed with

one or two teeth above, and one below near the extremity. There is

a small spine on each side at the base of the rostrum, above and a

little behind the base of the ocular peduncles. On the anterior mar­

gin of the carapax there is a spine beneath the eye, but no pterygos-

tomian spine. Ther-e is a sharp (hepatic) spine on the surface of the

carapax behind the base of the antennae. The scales of the antennae

are very large, as long as the carapax, and rather widening than nar­

rowing toward their extremities. The dactyli of the posterior three

pairs of feet are broad, compressed, and knife-like, with the inner

edges nearly straight, and armed with minute spines. The dorsal

angle of the abdomen at the third segment is very prominent, but not

acute.

Length about one inch.

I t is easily distinguished from V. acuminatus by the great

size of the antennal scales, and tlie presence of an hepatic spine

on the carapax.

I t was dredged by me in tbo harbor of Norfolk, Ya. , in J u n e ,

1853 ; and found abundantly at Somers' Point , in Great Ego;

Harbor , IST. J . , in the summer of 1864. I t lives among Zostera

jus t below low water mark. NOVEMBER, 1871. 9 ANN. LYC. NAT. HIST. VOL. X

128 iVvyfe on North American Cr^istacea,

Paiiclal i i«i) l>o i*ea l i s .

Paiulalus hovealis Kroyer, Tidsskrift, II, 254 ; Voy. eu Skandinavie et La-ponie, Zool., Crust., pi. vi, fig. 2.

In this species the feet of the postei'ior pair reach only to the

extremity of the scales of the aiitemifie. The caudal segment

has nine pairs of dorsal acnlei, M-hich is another mark by which

this species may be distinguished from P. anmdicornis. I t

reaches a large size.

Found in Massachusetts Bay.

Pandalus Oiiriieyi, nov. sp.

A large species, of the same size as P. horealis, etc. Surface

of tlie carapax marked with shallow pits in clusters; not pubescent.

Rostrum more than one-half longer than the carapax, and unarmed

above, except near the base, where the crest has eight or nine teeth,

four of which are on the carapax: these teeth are small and rather

distant. Below, the rostrum is armed with nine teeth, the two teeth

next the base being rather close togetlier, large, and hook-shaped, but

not broad. The feet of the thii-d pair are rather short, not reaching

the extremity of the rostrum; they teiininate in well-formed sub-

cheliform hands.

Found at Monterey, Cal., by A. S. Taylor, Esq. I t is named

P. Gxirneyi at the request of its discoverer.

Palaemonetes.

This genus resembles Palaemon and Leander closely in all

its characters, except that the mandibles are not palpigerous.

From Anchistia it differs in its general form and habit, which

are exactly those of Polaemon^ and in its antennulce, whicli are

provided with three flagella. I t agrees with Leander in the

spines of the carapax. The species are for the most par t in­

habitants of fresh or brackish water.

The genus was described by me in manuscript about twelve

years ago under the name Palaemonojpsis^ but this name has

in the Muse urn erf the Sniithsonian Institution. 133

P. caram.ote in luiviiig tlii-ee teeth on the inferior edge of tlio

rostrum. The nuniher is, however, generally two, as in P,

setiferus. The chief diiferencc is that pointed out by Gibbes ;—

the want of spines at the base of the third pair of feet.

This species is often found in brackish water, and even as­

cends streams to points wliei'e the water is nearly or quite

fresh. I t was thus found in the Croton Kiver at Sing Sing by

Prof. Baird, and by myself in a fresh-water creek near Somers'

Point , N . J . Besides these localities there are specimens in

the Smithsonian collection fi-om Great Egg Harbor, IST. J .

(Baird), Charleston, S. C. (Gibbes), Tortugas, Fla. (White-

hurst) , Pensacola, Fla. (Jeffrey), Kew Orleans (Couch), Brazos

Santiago, Tex. (Van Yliet) , and Brazil (A, I I . Piise).

Penaeus setiferus.

Cancer setiferus Lin., Syst. Nat. PciiacuH flaDMills Say, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., Philad., I. 238. Pcnacus setiferus H. Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. des Crust., II, 414. Gibbes,

Proc. Am. Assoc. Adv. Sci., 1850, p. 199.

The flagella of the antennulce in males differ from those of

females in being less tapering, naked, and armed with corneous

teeth like those of a file, which form spinules along the margin.

In a specimen from Mobile Point , the rostrum is armed with

one tooth only on the inferior edge.

Our specimens are from the following localities:—Norfolk,

Ya. (Fa r ragu t ) ; Charleston, S. C. (Gibbes); Florida (Agassiz);

Mobile Point , Ala. (AVurdemann); Biloxi, Miss. (Bel lman) ;

Calcasieu Pass , La., and Galveston (Kennerly) ; St. Joseph's I.,

Texas (Wurdemann) ; Brazos Santiago (Yan Yliet).

Peiiaeus piibescens, nov. sp. Surface of tliorax and abdomen short-pubescent. Lateral furrows

of carapax sliallow and inconspicuous, being filled with pubescence;

lateral spine acute. No trace of a longitudinal furrow on the dor­

sum. A sharp and rather long spine on the anterior margin at the

134 Notes on North American Crustacea,

insertion of the antennuhie, and one at the antero-inferior corner of

the carapax. Eostral crest extending oidy as far back as the first or

posterior tooth, -which is situated at about the anterior third of the

length of the carapax, and far distant from the second tooth, which

is placed over the base of the eye-peduncle. Beyond and including

this second tooth there are seven teeth on the superior margin of

the rostrum, and perhaps more, as the tip is broken in our speci­

men. There are no teeth on the inferior margin. The rostrima,

in its broken condition, reaches to about the middle of the penult

joint of the peduncle of the antennula;. Eyes very large. Anten-

nuhe short, as in P. setiferus • the lamelliform appendage at its base

is small, long-ciliated, and pointed, not dilated, at its extremity; fla-

gellum very short. Antenna? only as long as the body; the antennal

scales are a little shorter than the peduncle of the antennulse. Feet

unarmed at base; hands of the third pair very slender. Abdomen

carinated from the middle of the second joint backward to the sixth

joint, the carina becoming sharper and jirominent towards its poste­

rior extremity; seventh or caudal joint sublanceolate, very slightly

furrowed above, without carinse, and terminating in an acute spine,

with a smaller spine on either side at its base. Caudal lamellae pubes­

cent ; the inner one longitudinally bicarjnated in the middle, not sul-

cated as in I*, hrasiliensis and P. setiferus.

Of this species I have seen but one specimen, a female, two iriclies in lengtli, excluding the antennee.

I t was presented to the Institution by A. H. Riise, Esq., who collected it at St. Thomas.

Peiiaeu^ stylirostris, nov. sp.

Somewhat allied to P. setiferus, but with the following well-marked

distinctive characters. The carapax behind the rostrum is obtusely

carinated nearly to the posterior extremity; the carina being some­

times furrowed along the middle for a short distance at the point

where the cervical sulcus would cross if continued, at which point

there are two small pits indicating the attachment of the posterior

supports of the stomach. Rostrum long, over-reaching the antennal

scales, four-toothed below, and, including carina of the carapax, eight-

in the Museum of the Smithsonian Institution. 135

toothed above, the posterior tooth above being placed a little before

the middle of the carapax. Terminal half of the rosti-um styliforni,

without teeth above. Lateral furrows of the rostrum distinct, ex­

tending to the posterior tooth. Antero-lateral spine and sulci nearly

as in P. setiferus. Autennulfe with the inner flagella much longer

than the outer ones, and about as long as the carapax. Spines on the

bases of the first and second pairs of feet very small. In the female

the feet of the last three pairs bear laraclliform processes on the inner

sides of the coxae, and the sternum between the bases of the posterior

feet bears a short but much projecting dentiform median carina. The

abdomen is similar to that of P. setiferus.

Length of the largest specimen in the collection, six inches, exclud­

ing antennae. Length of fiagellum of antennae, about twelve inches.

I t differs from P. semisulcatus in its longer rostrum and an-

tennnlge, and from P. carinattis in the oblique position of the

anterior cervical sulcus.

Found at P a n a m a b j J . H . Sternbergh, Esq.

Penaeiis constrict us, nov. sp.

The abdomen is naked and glossy, but the carapax, particularly

toward the front part, is pubescent with extremely minute setae, di­

rected forward, so that the surface is easily rubbed in a forward di­

rection, but resists strongly when rubbed backward. The hepatic

spine, and anteunal spine, ridge, and sulcus are well marked or even

prominent. The cervical sulcus is well-marked, and may even be

traced in the middle of the back on either side of the median carina;

it is deflected near its anterior extremity, running to the inferior

margin of the carapax, and forming a deep groove parallel with the

anterior margin; giving the carapax, seen from below, the appearance

of being constricted close to its anterior extremity. A furrow along

the inferior side of the antennal ridge flows into the cervical sulcus

at the point where the latter is deflected. The angle at the outer

base of the eye-peduncle projects a little, but scarcely forms a spine.

The carapax is carinated on the anterior three-fourths of its length.

130 Notes on NortJi Americcui Crufifxicea,

the carina being sliglitly flattened and longitudinally grooved at the

point where the cervical sulc\is crosses, and bearing a small tooth or

spine behind the base of the rostvvim. The rostrum is straight, ensi-

foria, reaching the middle of the penult joint of the peduncle of the

antenna^, and pointing forward and upward at an angle of about 20°

with the horizon. I t has a strong lateral carina, with a groove on

each side of it, the upper groove being continued backward as far as

the little gastric tooth of the carina of the carapax. Its dorsal crest

is armed with eight teeth, which are equidistant, and diminish regu­

larly in size toward the extremity, the anterior tooth being very near

to this extremity, which is slender and acute. The inferior margin

of the rostrum is ciliated and entire, without teeth. Eyes large, reni-

form. Antennulaj stout; peduncle longer than the flagelhim, over­

reaching the aeicle or scale of the external antenna', and very pubes­

cent above ; its penult joint three or four times as long as the termi­

nal joint. Feet of the first two pairs armed with a spine on the basis

joint. Last pair of feet longer than the fourth pair, and nearly

reaching the extremity of the aeicle; dactylus half as long as the

penult joint. Abdomen carinated from the fourth to the sixth joint

inclusive; carina cristiform. Median sulcus of last joint very deep

and narrow, defined by two carina;: this sulcus is abruptly termin­

ated at the base of the mucronate point which forms the posterior

extremity of the joint. The first pair of abdominal appendages in

the male have the inner lamellae soldered together and folded, but di-

ver'ging at the tip, forming two hard, lunate processes like the flakes

of a grapple ; the distance between the tips of these processes equal­

ling two-thirds of the length of their peduncle.

Dimensions of a male specimen; Length, excluding antenna^, 1.70 ;

length of carapax, rostrum included, O.GO ; length of rostrum, 0.22 ;

length of penu^lt joint of the abdomen, 0,20 inch.

This species was dre(3ged by me at the depth of four fathoms

on a sandy bottom in the harbor of Beaufort, N . C , and I have

also taken i t in Charleston Harbor .