heredity & human affairs lab practical #1 review don’t forget to study!
TRANSCRIPT
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Heredity & Human Affairs LAB PRACTICAL #1 REVIEW
Don’t Forget to STUDY!
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QUESTION…
“A”, “T”, “G”, & “C” are the common bases found in a DNA molecule. What does each letter stand for?
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QUESTION…
What organelle is primarily responsible for housing DNA?
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QUESTION…
What kinds of molecules are put together to make a protein & what holds them together?
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QUESTION…
Name the structure shown.
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QUESTION…
Name this stage of the life cycle.
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QUESTION…
DNA RNA PROTEINS
Name the processes indicated by the “pink” arrow and the “blue” arrow shown above.
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QUESTION… Name the disorder.
Bonus: Is this person a male or a female?
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QUESTION…
The male gamete is __________, while the female gamete is _________.
Bonus: Both gametes are haploid / diploid.
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QUESTION…
How many chromosomes do flies have?
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QUESTION…
What molecules can be synthesized directly from an existing DNA molecule?
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QUESTION… What’s wrong?
Bonus: Is this person a male or a female?
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QUESTION…
Humans have __________ pairs of homologous chromosomes.
Be specific in your answer!!!
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QUESTION…
Sex-linked traits are those found on the homologous / non-homologous portion of the X chromosomes / Y chromosome.
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QUESTION… Name the disorder.
Bonus: Is this person a male or a female?
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QUESTION…
Give the genotype of the fly pictured here.
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QUESTION…What’s this?
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QUESTION…
Give the genotype of the fly pictured here.
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QUESTION…
A pictorial representation of chromosomes arranged in pairs and organized by size is termed a ____________________.
Bonus:
What stage of Mitosis are these chromosomes most visible?
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QUESTION…What sex is this person?
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QUESTION…
How many human chromosomes are sex chromosomes?
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QUESTION…
Name this stage of the life cycle.
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QUESTION… Name the disorder.
Bonus: Is this person a male or a female?
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QUESTION…
P1:
x
apterous (ap, ap)wild (+, +)
What are the possible phenotypes of the F1 generation?
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QUESTION…
Give the genotype of the fly pictured here.
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QUESTION…What is this? Be specific.
Bonus: How many pairs of chromosomes does this organism possess?
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QUESTION…
Name the genus, pictured below, that you have been working with in lab since the beginning of the semester (common name: “fruit fly”).
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QUESTION…
Name the stages, in sequential order, of a typical “fruit fly” life cycle.
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QUESTION…What is this? Be specific.
Bonus: How many chromosomes does this organism possess?
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QUESTION… Name the disorder
Bonus: Is this person a male or a female?
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QUESTION…
Name this stage of the life cycle.
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QUESTION…
How many autosomal pairs of chromosomes does this organism possess?
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QUESTION…
P1:
x
You mate the flies above ultimately resulting in an F2 generation in which there are 200 flies total. How many will have wings?
apterous (ap, ap)wild (+, +)
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QUESTION…
Name the sex chromosomes in a normal human male.
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QUESTION…
Name this stage of the life cycle.
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QUESTION…
P1: x
You cross two wingless flies. What are the expected genotypic & phenotypic ratios of the F1 & F2 generations?
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QUESTION…
Is this fly MALE or FEMALE?
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QUESTION…
Name the stage of the life cycle shown.
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QUESTION…
Is this fly MALE or FEMALE?
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QUESTION…Name the structures shown here which are
only found on the forelimbs of MALE fruit flies
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QUESTION…
How many pairs of chromosomes does this organism possess?
Bonus: How many of its chromosomes are autosomal?
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QUESTION…
How many pairs of chromosomes does this organism possess?
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QUESTION…NAME this mutation & state whether its AUTOSOMAL or SEX-LINKED?
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QUESTION…
Name the ORGAN you extracted from this organism.
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QUESTION…
P1:
x
apterous (ap, ap)wild (+, +)
What are the possible genotypes of the F1 generation?
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QUESTION…
P1: x
You cross a red-eyed male with a white-eyed female. Your F1 male offspring all have white eyes, whereas all females have red eyes. What can you predict about the F2 generation?
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QUESTION… Name the disorder.
Bonus: Is this person a male or a female?
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QUESTION…Gametes produced by this individual will
have which sex chromosome(s)?
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QUESTION…NAME this mutation.
State whether its AUTOSOMAL or SEX-LINKED?
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QUESTION…
P1:
x
(Xw, Xw) (X+, Y)
What is the phenotypic ratio of the F2 generation?
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QUESTION…
What chromosome can this mutation be found on?
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QUESTION…
How many chromosomes does this organism possess?
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QUESTION…
P1:
x
apterous (ap, ap)wild (+, +)
What is the recessive gene shown above?
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QUESTION…
What chromosome can this mutation be found on?
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QUESTION…Gametes produced by this individual will
have which sex chromosome(s)?
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QUESTION…
Name the organism you used to obtain & visualize these structures.
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QUESTION…
P1:
x
apterous (ap, ap)wild (+, +)
What is the phenotypic ratio of the F2 generation?
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QUESTION…
What color eyes does a wild-type fruit fly have?
What color eyes does an apterous fruit fly have?
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QUESTION…Does this mutation affect MALES or FEMALES more often?
Bonus: Explain why this is so.
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QUESTION…
P1:
x
You mate the flies above resulting in an “F1 generation”. What does the “F1” generation stand for?
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QUESTION…
You have a “normal” fly as shown here. However, you do not know if it is (+, +) or (+, ap). Explain one method you could use to determine its genotype.
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QUESTION…
P1:
x
apterous (ap, ap)wild (+, +)
What proportion of flies will have wings in the F1 generation?
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QUESTION…
P1:
x
(Xw, Xw) (X+, Y)
What proportion of males will have white eyes in the F1 generation?
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QUESTION…
The Principle of Base Pairing states that a __________ always pairs with its complementary __________.
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QUESTION…
P1: x
You cross a homozygous wild-type male with a homozgyous apterous female. What are the expected genotypic & phenotypic ratios of the F1 generation?
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QUESTION…
Name the nitrogenous bases which are purines.
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QUESTION…
Name the nitrogenous bases which are pyrimidines.
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QUESTION…
The double-stranded DNA helical molecule is held together by weak / strong __________ bonds.
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QUESTION…
P1: x
(Xw, Xw) (X+, Y)
In a cross such as this one, the phenotypes usually switch in the F1 generation due to the fact that this is a ______________________ trait.
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QUESTION…
Each nucleotide is comprised of these three components:
1.__________,
2. __________, & 3.__________.
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QUESTION…
Consider the structure of the DNA molecule.
What accounts for the variability in this molecule?
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QUESTION…
P1:
x
apterous (ap, ap)wild (+, +)
What is the genotypic ratio of the F2 generation?
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QUESTION…
Single-stranded RNA does not contain which nitrogenous base that is present in the double-stranded DNA molecule?
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QUESTION…
RNA
The process in which RNA is converted into an amino acid is called _______________ and occurs in the ______________ part of cell.
Amino Acid
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QUESTION…
“A”
The process in which RNA is synthesized from a template strand of DNA is called _______________.
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QUESTION…Translation occurs on these
organelles which are located in the cytoplasm of a cell.
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QUESTION…
“A”
The process in which mRNA is used to synthesize an amino acid is called _______________.
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QUESTION…
DNA
The process in which RNA is synthesized from a template strand of DNA is called _______________ and occurs in the ______________ part of cell.
RNA
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QUESTION…Amino acids are joined to form
larger ______________ chains.
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QUESTION…
Explain the difference between an ALLELE and a GENE.
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QUESTION…
Name this molecule.
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QUESTION…The process shown here is called
_______________.
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QUESTION…
Name the bond that joins these molecules together?
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QUESTION…
The 5-Carbon sugar molecule that makes up DNA is called _______________.
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QUESTION…
Name the molecule formed when these units are joined together.
Bonus: The process in which this molecule is formed from RNA is called ____________________.
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QUESTION…
The number of ADENINES in a molecule of DNA always equals the number of ____________; wheras the number of CYTOSINES in a molecule of DNA always equals the number of __________.
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QUESTION…
Replicate the strand of DNA below. Give the sequence of the complementary strand formed.
DNA= A G C T G C
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QUESTION…
Give the sequence of the RNA strand formed from the DNA template shown below.
DNA= A G C T G C
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QUESTION…
Purine __________ always pairs with Pyrimidine ___________.
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QUESTION…This molecule is synthesized in
what part of the cell?
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QUESTION…
Where is DNA found in a cell?
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QUESTION…Name the bond that holds these
amino acid molecules together.
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QUESTION…
Approximately how many genes are in a single cell?
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QUESTION…The process shown here occurs
during what stage of MEIOSIS?
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QUESTION…
The bond that joins these two molecules together is WEAK / STRONG.
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QUESTION…
The molecule shown below aids in the formation of a polypeptide. Where in the cell is it located?
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QUESTION…
What part of the a.a. is responsible for the reaction that forms a peptide bond? Give the functional groups.
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QUESTION…The blue & red pairs or pink & green
pairs of chromosomes shown here are called _______________ chromosomes.
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QUESTION…
What accounts for the variability in these amino acids?
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QUESTION…
The molecule shown below directs the process of translation. Name it.
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QUESTION…
Name the STRUCTURES you extracted from this organism
Bonus: What stain did you use to view these structures?
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QUESTION…An mRNA codon consists of how
many bases?
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QUESTION…You have a father who has brown hair/brown eyes
and a mother who has blonde hair/blue eyes. Assuming both are homozygous for both genes, what are the possible phenotypes of their offspring?
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QUESTION…Crossing over events occur during
______________ of Mitosis / Meiosis.
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QUESTION…
One gene is approximately how long? Explain your answer.
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QUESTION…Meiotic recombination has occurred
here. What is the significance of this event?
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QUESTION…
What is produced (the by-product) when two or more of these molecules are bonded?
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QUESTION…
mRNA sequences are “read” in groups of ____’s.