hidden tree cover loss in biologically rich landscape: forest transition in yunnan
TRANSCRIPT
Hidden Tree Cover Loss in Biologically Rich
Landscape: Forest Transition in Yunnan
云南森林转型：生物多样性丰富景观中林木的隐形丧失
Jianchu Xu, Principle Scientist and Regional Coordinator, East and Central AsiaWith support from Zhuangfang Yi, Daniel Müller and Zhanli Sun
Presented at the Sloping Lands in Transition: Sharing Knowledge of China’s Conversion of Crop Land to Forest Program15 April 2014, Kunming, China
Forest transition in China中国的森林转型
10
15
20
25
Nat
iona
l for
est
cove
r (%
)
GreatLeap
Forward
HouseholdResponsibility
SystemNFPPSLCP
Goal:23%
Goal:26%
1958 1981 1999 2009 2020 2050
Sources: Zhang (1949); Forestry Surveys (1976-2009); Forestry Ministry (2020, 2050)
Not All Good Stories不完全是美丽的故事
Plant species diversity in Yunnan云南的物种多样性
Coniferous forest
Tropical rainforest
Moist evergreen broadleaf forest
Plateau wetland areas
Forest Tenure and Transition林地权属和森林转型
云南森林转型的三种类型
Forest transition pathway(森林转型途径)：1. economic development
pathway (滇东北的外出打工型)
2. smallholder intensification pathway (滇南和滇西南
的经济林木种植的劳力输入型)
3. forest scarcity pathway (滇
中地区的森林缺乏、经济增长和劳力输入).
4. Conservation pathway (滇
西北森林保护和旅游开发和劳力输入).
森林转型和人口流动
9
10credit: Nature 2009 457:246
credit: Science 2009 324:1024
credit: Science 2009 324:1024
Rubber Expansion in Xishuangbanna
西双版纳橡胶种植的扩张
87,000 ha 153,000 ha 424,000 ha (18.3%)
Xu et al. 2013 Ecological Indicators http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2012.08.023
What explains
local forest transition pathways
in Yunnan province, Southwest China?
云南森林转型途径的地方解译？
Frayer et al., 2014. Land Use Policy 36: 248-258
Village variations in forest cover changes
十个不同村庄森林覆盖的变化
0
50
100
150
Great Leap
Forward Cultural
Revolution
HouseholdResponsibility
SystemNFPPSLCP Reference
1958 1966 1981 1999 2010 2020
Plantation forest
0
50
100
150
1958 1966 1981 1999 2010 2020
Total forest
0
50
100
150
200
Great Leap
Forward Cultural
Revolution
HouseholdResponsibility
SystemNFPPSLCP Reference
1958 1966 1981 1999 2010 2020
Secondary forest
次生林
森林总面积
人工种植林
Village variations in forest cover changes
0
50
100
150
200
Great Leap
Forward Cultural
Revolution
HouseholdResponsibility
SystemNFPPSLCP Reference
1958 1966 1981 1999 2010 2020
Secondary forest
次生林
Village variations in forest cover changes
0
50
100
150
Great Leap
Forward Cultural
Revolution
HouseholdResponsibility
SystemNFPPSLCP Reference
1958 1966 1981 1999 2010 2020
Plantation forest
人工种植林
Village variations in forest cover changes
0
50
100
150
Great Leap
Forward Cultural
Revolution
HouseholdResponsibility
SystemNFPPSLCP Reference
1958 1966 1981 1999 2010 2020
Total forest
森林总面积
0
50
100
1960 1980 2000 2020
Secondary forest
0
50
100
1960 1980 2000 2020
Plantation forest
0
50
100
1960 1980 2000 2020
Total forest
Aggregated forest cover changes at
village level
次生林
森林总面积
人工种植林
0
50
100
1960 1980 2000 2020
Secondary forest
0
50
100
1960 1980 2000 2020
Plantation forest
0
50
100
1960 1980 2000 2020
Total forest
State-forest programs
Aggregated forest cover changes at
village level
Yunnan forest transition: 1985
0
50
100
1960 1980 2000 2020
Secondary forest
0
50
100
1960 1980 2000 2020
Plantation forest
0
50
100
1960 1980 2000 2020
Total forest
10
15
20
25
1958 1981 1998 2010 2020
National forest cover (%)
Forest transition: 1981
Yunnan forest transition: 1985
National forest cover (%)
Intensification
Market-production
Subsistence
Expansion
Transitional pathway农民的林业管理已成为市场驱动的集约化种植
How about Agricultural Land?农地的情况如何呢？
Tree cover loss in agricultural land
云南农地十年间丧失林木覆盖面积等于西双版纳的面积
Contact: Jianchu Xu
Principle scientist and Regional Coordinator East and Central Asia
Professor, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Email: [email protected]
Thank you!