high performance buildings - lessons learned, june 2012
DESCRIPTION
Presentation given at ACI California Regional Conference, June 2012. A look at lessons learned from a few local Passive House projects.TRANSCRIPT
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Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
High Performance Details Lessons Learned
Bronwyn Barry, Assoc. AIA, CPHC One Sky Homes & Passive House BB Consulting PHCA Co-President 2012
• Wall assembly challenges • Window choices • Foundations simplified
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Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
Envelope Results kBTU/ft2.yr heating energy Preliminary Aug 3, 2009 Max. allowed = 4.75 kBTU/ft2.yr
SIP wall system** Prefab Stud wall Site built
5.5" 7.25" 5.5" 5.5" w/ rigid
insul. 7.25" 7.25" w/
rigid insul. 9.5" TJI studs
Window Est. Cost ($K) 49 52 47 53 49 55 79
Sierra Pacific* 4.52 4.01 5.11 4.58 4.54 4.19 3.91 37 86 89 84 90 86 92 116
**assuming $4k for interior furring using Recoup 200DX HRV w/ 3' OA duct runs 4" EPS under slab 11-7/8" TJI roof 4" EPS slab edge
Challenging walls
Source: Performance analysis from Dan Johnson, Arkin Tilt Architects and cost estimates from Quantum Builders
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Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
Conflicting details
Beware of architectural and structural details not agreeing!
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Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
Floor to floor assembly with open web hanging floor truss
Complicated junctions
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Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
(With solutions)
Floor to floor assembly with open web hanging floor truss,
With 2” of spray foam
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Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
Source: Cost Benefit Analysis by Bronwyn Barry, CPHC, for Quantum Builders, 2009
Marin Remodel Window Cost Benefit Analysis Brand Existing US- Av. Euro Av. PH Certified US -good US-best Canadian
R-value W#5 0.99 2.69 5.73 8.68 6.09 8.64 5.9 Heat Dem # (kBTU/ft2yr) 13.7 7.63 6.97 5.71 6.05 8.01 6.75
Price / $29,400.00 $45,344.50 $50,830.00 $35,507.42 $92,297.79 $39,852.10
Heat Dem delta 0 6.07 6.73 7.99 7.65 5.69 6.95 $ Saving/a** 0 1,736.02 1,924.78 2,285.14 2,187.90 1,627.34 1,987.70
30yr $saving 0 182.10 57,743.40 68,554.20 65,637.00 48,820.20 59,631.00 40yr $saving 0 69,440.80 76,991.20 91,405.60 87,516.00 65,093.60 79,508.00 yrs to paybk 0 16.94 23.56 22.24 16.23 56.72 20.05
30 yr CO2 savings (lbs) *** 0 20.03 22.21 26.37 25.25 18.78 22.94 (Highest/Best rating shown in orange field.)
* The above revised Sorpetaler cost & rating # reflects the following changes:
New TF Design window profile (rated at R8 value.) with triple glazing
Double glazed wood Accordian-Sliding door at Dining Room
Bug screen for 10 side window units only (no doors.)
** Assuming $0.13 per kBTU/ft2yr (1 Therm = 100,000 BTUs = $1.30 @ 2,200sf =$286.00)
*** 11 lbs of CO2 saved for each Therm saved
Window choices
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Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
5/6 -‐ 00:00 5/7 -‐ 00:00 5/8 -‐ 00:00 5/9 -‐ 00:00 5/10 -‐ 00:00 5/11 -‐ 00:00 5/12 -‐ 00:00 5/13 -‐ 00:00 5/14 -‐ 00:00 5/15 -‐ 00:00
Tempe
rature (°F)
Triple Pane (Bathroom) vs Dual Pane (Laundry) Window Comfort Comparison
Outdoor Temp Temp, air, Bathroom, 3-‐pane Temp, air, Laundry, 2-‐paneTemp, Globe, Bathroom, 3-‐pane Temp, Globe, Laundry, 2-‐pane, Temp, Int. Surface, Bathroom, 3-‐paneTemp, Int. Surface, Laundry, 2-‐pane
2-pane vs 3-pane comfort
Source: Monitoring data from Building America (DOE), PG&E and Davis Energy at Cottle Residence, San Jose by One Sky Homes
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Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
Select good spacers (at the correct width)
Image Source: Greenbuildingadvisor post by Alex Wilson credited to: www.windownation.com
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Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
Source: Analysis of Heat Loss Reduction through window edges by E. isevieius, V. Staponkus, & A. Jurelionis; Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania. 2005
Image: Lorna Fear IR images
Imported and local 3-pane
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Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
Data Source: Dariush Arasteh– LBNL, private email, 2009.
Map Source: http://resourcecenter.pnl.gov/cocoon/morf/ResourceCenter/dbimages/full/973.jpg
Approx. US
Climate Zone
Min. Outdoor Temp (C)
Min. Outdoor Temp (F)
max. UW (W/m2-C)
max. UW (BTU/
hr.ft2.°F)
max. RW (hr.ft2.°F/
BTU)
Zone 2 10 50 2.1 0.37 2.70
Zone 3 0 32 1.05 0.18 5.56
Zone 4 -5 23 0.84 0.14 7.14
Zone 5 -10 14 0.7 0.12 8.33
Zone 6 -15 5 0.6 0.1 10.00
Zone 7 -20 -4 0.53 0.09 11.11
The case for triple pane
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Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
Don’t assume perfect translation
cold regions: quadruple or vacuum hot regions: solar control first moderate: triple or sometimes double
Map Source: Passive House Institute, Darmstadt, Germany
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Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC)
• U.S. based
• No minimum standards
• Simulation and product test
Passive House Institute:
• German based
• Set performance standards
• Simulation only
The Rating Systems
From presentation: ‘A Tale of Two Rating Systems’ by B. Barry, October 2011
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Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
(Ucog*Acog) + (Uf*Af) + (Uedge*Aedge) Aw
Uw =
Ucog
Acog
Uf
Af
Ucog = U-value glass Acog = Area glass
Uf = U-value frame
Af = Area frame
Uedge = U-value edge of glass
Aedge = Area edge of glass Aw = Area Window
Uedge
Aedge
How the NFRC rates windows
From presentation: ‘A Tale of Two Rating Systems’ by B. Barry, October 2011
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Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
(Ug*Ag) + (Uf*Af) + (ψspacer*Lg) + (ψinstall*Lf) Aw
Uw-installed =
Ug
Ag
Uf
Af
Lg
Lf
ψinstall
ψspacer
How the PHI rates windows
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Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
Component NFRC PHI
Window size 1.8 m2 1.82 m2
Width of frame * 0.15 m 0.1 m
Delta T in Therm Boundary condition 39 deg C 30 deg C
U-glass 0.73 W/m2K 0.7 W/m2K
Spacer vs edge of glass 0.22 W/K 0.15 W/K
Final U-window value (metric) 0.79 W/m2K 0.77 W/m2K
Final U-window value (IP) 0.139 BTU/hr.ft2.°F 0.135 BTU/hr.ft2.°F
Final R-value 7.18 hr.ft2.°F/BTU 7.37 hr.ft2.°F/BTU * Frame size variation is due to different profile options submitted by manufacturer’s representative to the two testing agencies and is not a protocol difference.
Generates different results
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Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
Climate specific details
Option 1 Option 2 Option 3
Spread footing, 8” ICF stem wall, floating slab floor.
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Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
Cost and simplicity still matter
Perimeter Foundation Study Opt. #
Psi (BTU/hrfF)
fRsi (%) Assembly Description Assembly
benefits/negatives 1 0.136 0.86 Spread Ftg, ICF stem wall: 8" conc. w/ 2" EPS sides, 5" slab w/ 4" HD EPS blw Easy to build
2 0.103 not
calc'd Same as #1 + 1 3/4" Foamglas below ICF stem wall Foamglas expensive 3 0.042 0.88 Same as #1 + 1 3/4" HD EPS at top of ICF stem wall Best performance
!But this is ONLY appropriate in very specific climates!
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Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
My lessons learned:
• ‘Outsulate’ your walls for best forgiveness factor and performance results
• Stick with triple-pane windows (for now) • Foundation perimeter insulation is crucial • Continuous sub-slab insulation is climate
specific • Don’t assume perfect translations • Religion relies on faith, everyone else
bring data! (With thanks to Danny Parker)
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Bronwyn Barry ACI California 2012
Thank you
Bronwyn Barry, Assoc. AIA, CPHC One Sky Homes & Passive House BB Consulting PHCA Co-President 2012