higher education scenario michael zastrocky. what are the key economic, political and it drivers...

Higher Education ScenarioHigher Education Scenario

Michael ZastrockyMichael Zastrocky

What are the key economic, political and What are the key economic, political and IT drivers currently facing higher education?IT drivers currently facing higher education?

How will higher education acquire or build the How will higher education acquire or build the management information systems necessary to management information systems necessary to support radical changes in higher education?support radical changes in higher education?

What must institutions do to resolve IT leadership What must institutions do to resolve IT leadership and staffing problems?and staffing problems?

Which technologies will best support the Which technologies will best support the growing requirement for distributed learning growing requirement for distributed learning and collaboration?and collaboration?

Key IssuesKey Issues

Distance learning and the concept of the virtual university will Distance learning and the concept of the virtual university will continue to drive academic and management thought and continue to drive academic and management thought and

decisions. Much of the movement will be based on economic decisions. Much of the movement will be based on economic and political pressures.and political pressures.

Economic and Economic and Political PressuresPolitical Pressures

Traditional Colleges Traditional Colleges and and

UniversitiesUniversities

Political DriversPolitical Drivers

Competition fromCompetition fromNontraditionalNontraditional

SourcesSources

Traditional Colleges Traditional Colleges and and

UniversitiesUniversities

Changing CompetitionChanging Competition

Competition from nontraditional providers continues to weigh Competition from nontraditional providers continues to weigh heavily in planning decisions for traditional campuses. Many heavily in planning decisions for traditional campuses. Many executives are concerned that traditional higher education executives are concerned that traditional higher education will be left with expensive, difficult-to-deliver and manage will be left with expensive, difficult-to-deliver and manage

courses and programs.courses and programs.

The Western Governors The Western Governors University: Reality in 1998?University: Reality in 1998?

Global?Global?

American SamoaAmerican SamoaGuamGuam

Northern MarianasNorthern Marianas

Wash.Wash.

Ore.Ore.

Calif.Calif.

Nev.Nev.

IdahoIdaho

Mont.Mont. N.D.N.D.

S.D.S.D.Wyo.Wyo.

UtahUtah Colo.Colo.Neb.Neb.

Kan.Kan.

Ariz.Ariz. N.M.N.M.

TexasTexas

AlaskaAlaska

HawaiiHawaiiOk.Ok.

IndianaIndiana

Doing more with less is slowly being replaced by doing Doing more with less is slowly being replaced by doing different things and setting prioritiesdifferent things and setting priorities

Return on investment questions are being asked of all Return on investment questions are being asked of all investments, especially ITinvestments, especially IT

Increased business (and technology) heterogeneity, at least Increased business (and technology) heterogeneity, at least in the short runin the short run

Changing roles of, and relationships between, customers Changing roles of, and relationships between, customers and institutions are creating new information demandsand institutions are creating new information demands

Shifting focus to student-centered learning is leading to Shifting focus to student-centered learning is leading to increased use of information technologies and resourcesincreased use of information technologies and resources

Business TrendsBusiness Trends

Higher Education TrendsHigher Education Trends

Higher Education TrendsHigher Education Trends

Continued widespread use of application packages Continued widespread use of application packages

Institutions are increasingly seeking enterprisewide, Institutions are increasingly seeking enterprisewide, integrated solutions to resolve year 2000 problems and integrated solutions to resolve year 2000 problems and aged systemsaged systems

New technology-enabled initiatives will increasingly focus New technology-enabled initiatives will increasingly focus on distance learning, the virtual library and providing access on distance learning, the virtual library and providing access to a broader range of students anywhere, any time, to a broader range of students anywhere, any time, anyplaceanyplace

More application functionality, friendliness and flexibility will More application functionality, friendliness and flexibility will be required in a time of increasing business and be required in a time of increasing business and technology heterogeneitytechnology heterogeneity

System TrendsSystem Trends

A high level of satisfaction with current systemsA high level of satisfaction with current systems

A stable environment with no crisis apparent in the futureA stable environment with no crisis apparent in the future

A strong relationship with end users to partner with IS A strong relationship with end users to partner with IS organizations to redesign and build new systemsorganizations to redesign and build new systems

A high level of understanding of best practices in higher A high level of understanding of best practices in higher education and what others are doingeducation and what others are doing

Clear project roles and an understanding of the work Clear project roles and an understanding of the work involvedinvolved

The ability to manage new projects or major redesignThe ability to manage new projects or major redesignwhile maintaining old systemswhile maintaining old systems

Growing Your Own Growing Your Own Administrative ApplicationsAdministrative Applications

Buying Administrative Buying Administrative Applications For Higher Applications For Higher EducationEducation The need to bring software up sooner than later —The need to bring software up sooner than later —time constraintstime constraints

The desire to share development costs with othersThe desire to share development costs with others

Upgrades and new releases on a regular basisUpgrades and new releases on a regular basis

The availability of additional support — both technical The availability of additional support — both technical and end userand end user

Current systems being outdated and requiring a major leap Current systems being outdated and requiring a major leap in functionality and designin functionality and design

The lack of adequate staff to build its own systemsThe lack of adequate staff to build its own systems

The fact that constant change adds to confusion — The fact that constant change adds to confusion — vendors can better assess changes and impactvendors can better assess changes and impact

The promise of functionality not The promise of functionality not currently availablecurrently available

Collaboration in design with vendor Collaboration in design with vendor and other institutionsand other institutions

The expectation of viable support structureThe expectation of viable support structure

Latest technologiesLatest technologies

Partnering With a Vendor andPartnering With a Vendor andSelected Institutions to Provide Selected Institutions to Provide Admin. ApplicationsAdmin. Applications

StableStable Environment Environment

DynamicDynamic Environment Environment

FunctionalityFunctionality 40%40% 15%15%

CostsCosts 5050 1010

Service/SupportService/Support 1010 1515

TechnologyTechnology 00 1515

VisionVision 00 2020

Ability to ExecuteAbility to Execute 00 2525

Evaluation CriteriaEvaluation Criteria

Functionality:Functionality: Does it do what you need?Does it do what you need?

Costs:Costs: How do you know total costs?How do you know total costs?

Services/Support:Services/Support: Who, how and where?Who, how and where?

Technology:Technology: Is it mainstream?Is it mainstream?

Vision:Vision: Right for your institution?Right for your institution?

Ability to Execute:Ability to Execute: Will they be able to make it all work?Will they be able to make it all work?

Criteria DefinitionsCriteria Definitions

Changing technologiesChanging technologies

Changing role of information resource management Changing role of information resource management

Increased user service-level expectationsIncreased user service-level expectations

Budget constraintsBudget constraints

Lack of internal skills Lack of internal skills

Market demand for highly prized IS talentMarket demand for highly prized IS talent

Leadership issues and concernsLeadership issues and concerns

Forces Causing Changes Forces Causing Changes In IT Human Resource In IT Human Resource ManagementManagement

DesiredDesired Build a continuous learning Build a continuous learning

environmentenvironment Leverage experts and transfer Leverage experts and transfer

knowledgeknowledge Certify the expertise of IT sourcesCertify the expertise of IT sources Motivate IS staff to develop their Motivate IS staff to develop their

skillsskills Develop IS staff expertise by Develop IS staff expertise by

allowing for a focus on key skillsallowing for a focus on key skills Retain key staff membersRetain key staff members Attract new talentAttract new talent

ActualActual Organizations are under investing in Organizations are under investing in

IT trainingIT training Mentoring programs are not in placeMentoring programs are not in place There is limited skills certification There is limited skills certification

todaytoday Organizations place artificial Organizations place artificial

boundaries on IS professionalsboundaries on IS professionals IS organizations are understaffed, IS organizations are understaffed,

creating generalistscreating generalists Staff turnover is skyrocketingStaff turnover is skyrocketing Marketing programs are not in placeMarketing programs are not in place

The result is an IS work force that is over-stressed The result is an IS work force that is over-stressed and increasingly mercenary — loyalty is fleeting!and increasingly mercenary — loyalty is fleeting!

Desired vs. Actual HR Practices Desired vs. Actual HR Practices of Higher Education IS of Higher Education IS OrganizationsOrganizations

LeadershipLeadership

TechnicalTechnicalSkills andSkills andUnderstandingUnderstanding

Understanding the Business Understanding the Business of Higher Educationof Higher Education

ISISEmployeeEmployee

20002000

IT Management Skills IT Management Skills for Higher Educationfor Higher Education

Java

Intranets

DigitalVideo Disk

CableModems

WWW

AgentsVirtualReality

PDAs

Handwriting Recognition

Desktop Videoconferencing

Database Mining

OO Programming

Workflow Imaging

Peak of InflatedExpectations

Trough ofDisillusionment

Slope ofEnlightenment

Plateau ofProductivity

TechnologyTrigger

Smart Cards

Time

Visibility

Hype Cycle of Emerging Technologies

CostsCosts

LaborLabor

19611961 2001200119971997

Technology Components

Time Time

Changing CostsChanging Costs

Distance Distance Learning Tools Learning Tools (i.e., CBT, (i.e., CBT, Video)Video)

Allows for self-paced Allows for self-paced learning. Higher learning. Higher consistency and consistency and absorption rates of absorption rates of information than information than classroom. classroom.

MechanismMechanism ProsPros ConsCons

Lacks high human-touch Lacks high human-touch factor needed to solve factor needed to solve and master complex and master complex problems posed by problems posed by significant paradigm significant paradigm shifts.shifts.

Electronic Electronic Performance Performance Support SystemSupport System

High human touch High human touch learning for embracing learning for embracing new concepts.new concepts.

Can raise Can raise knowledge level knowledge level quickly.quickly.

Low absorption.Low absorption.Travel expense. Travel expense.

Highly customized. Highly customized. Expensive to maintain.Expensive to maintain.

ClassroomClassroom

MentoringMentoring

JITTJITT

High human touch. High human touch. Apply knowledge as it Apply knowledge as it is learned. Build is learned. Build something of value something of value while training.while training.

Significant management Significant management overhead and expense.overhead and expense.

Training SystemsTraining Systems

Time zonesTime zonesMobile work forceMobile work forceFlexible work dayFlexible work day

Multimodal communicationMultimodal communicationMovement and manipulationMovement and manipulationSocial presenceSocial presence

VideoconferencingVideoconferencingNetworked virtual environmentsNetworked virtual environments

(point of impact)(point of impact)

Era of Shared Space Era of Shared Space in Higher Educationin Higher Education

The business of higher education is changing rapidly The business of higher education is changing rapidly and the move to build the virtual university for the 21st and the move to build the virtual university for the 21st century will continue to drive academic institutions to view century will continue to drive academic institutions to view IT as strategic. IT as strategic.

Academic information systems will need to be redesigned Academic information systems will need to be redesigned and current vendor offerings are not adequate to support and current vendor offerings are not adequate to support the demand from colleges and universities. Some the demand from colleges and universities. Some institutions will find it more feasible to appropriately align IT institutions will find it more feasible to appropriately align IT with changing business practices and implement less than with changing business practices and implement less than elegant technical solutions.elegant technical solutions.

Bottom LineBottom Line

Bottom LineBottom Line

When acquiring academic administrative applications, there When acquiring academic administrative applications, there are no IT projects, just business projects with an IT are no IT projects, just business projects with an IT component. Proper involvement of the business component. Proper involvement of the business professionals is critical to the project’s success. In addition professionals is critical to the project’s success. In addition to technical skills, IS professionals can provide critical to technical skills, IS professionals can provide critical process and project management skills needed to avoid process and project management skills needed to avoid many common pitfalls of application acquisition.many common pitfalls of application acquisition.

The graying of IS management in higher education is here. The graying of IS management in higher education is here. Institutions have a very short time to begin to train and Institutions have a very short time to begin to train and prepare the next generation of CIOs and executive leaders prepare the next generation of CIOs and executive leaders in higher education. Turnover will likely increase as in higher education. Turnover will likely increase as demand for existing talent increases. Institutions need to demand for existing talent increases. Institutions need to improve their compensation programs and work improve their compensation programs and work environment to retain and recruit IS talent.environment to retain and recruit IS talent.

Higher Education ScenarioHigher Education Scenario

Michael ZastrockyMichael Zastrocky

higher education scenario michael zastrocky. what are the key economic, political and it drivers...

Documents

traditional higher education

distributed learning

indiana slide

key issue distance learning

studentcentered learning

key issues

new information

staffing problems