hinduism. origins and beliefs cannot be traced to a single founder or set of ideas a way of...
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Hinduism
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Origins and Beliefs
• Cannot be traced to a single founder or set of ideas
• A way of liberating the soul from disappointments and mistakes in life
• Moksha: a state of perfect understanding
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Beliefs
• Reincarnation: (rebirth) an individual is born again and again until Moksha is achieved
• Karma: good or bad deeds- influence life circumstances
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Changes over time…
• Brahman: the world soul• Atman: individual soul• Brahman’s personalities:
1. Brahma: creator2. Vishnu: protector3. Shiva: destroyer
Hindus are free to choose which deity to worship
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Society
• Caste system: where you were born showed the karma you achieved in a former life.
• Ex. If you were born a laborer- you must have performed bad deeds in another life
• The caste system dominated a person’s life- food, dress
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Buddhism
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Beginnings
• Founder: Siddharta Guatama, born into a noble family
• Prophesy said he would be a spiritual leader
• He sought religious truths and ways to end suffering
• Enlightenment: wisdom
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Enlightenment
• He sought many ways to achieve enlightenment- fasting, debate, meditation
• After 49 days of meditation he achieved the understanding of suffering
• Now called Buddha or “enlightened one”
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The Four Noble Truths
First Noble Truth Life is filled with suffering and sorrow
Second Cause of suffering is from selfishness for worldly pleasures
Third The way to end suffering
Is to end all desires
Fourth The way to end all suffering is to follow the Eightfold Path
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Eightfold Path
• A staircase to Nirvana: release from selfishness or pain
• Reincarnation
• No caste system
• Not polytheistic
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Spread of Buddhism
• Attracted people from different regions
• Monks/Traders spread beliefs to India and into Asia