HIST 395: Renaissance & Reformation: Study Guide for Exam III

Zophy, p. 33-39 & Chapters 6-9 I. Quotes.

A. “Others may fight and die, thou happy Austria marry!” B. “In them for the first time we detect the modern political spirit of Europe, surrendered freely to its owninstincts, often displaying the worst features of an unbridled egotism, outraging every right, and killing everygerm of a healthier culture. But, wherever this vicious tendency is overcome or in any way compensated, a newfact appears in history the state as the outcome of reflection and calculation, the state as a work of art.”C. “I only take away the surplus, the statue is already there.” D. “While I thought I was learning how to live, I have been learning how to die.” E. “Let no one read me who is not a mathematician in my beginnings.”F. “It is for this reason that man is rightfully named a magnificent miracle and a wondrous creation.”G. “Let a holy ambition enter into our souls; let us not be content with mediocrity, but rather strive after thehighest and expend all our strength in achieving it.” H. “I am still learning” I. “This youth understands more than I do myself.”J. Lord, grant that I may always desire more than I accomplish. K. Many believe - and I believe - that I have been designated for this work by God. In spite of my old age, I donot want to give it up; I work out of love for God and I put all my hope in Him. L. “What men in the world have shown such daring!” M. "Broken spears lie in the roads; we have torn our hair in our grief. The houses are roofless now, and theirwalls are red with blood…"N. "Like a squid, he oozes out a cloud of ink around every hard square fact of his life. This ink, multiplied by theindustry of his historians, has made but blacker and thicker the mystery which attaches to him."O. “Every one can master a grief but he that has it.”P. Love is not love that alters when it alteration finds.Q. O! beware, my lord, of jealousy; It is the green-eyed monster which doth mock the meat it feeds on.R. Some are born great, some achieve greatness, and some have greatness thrust upon them.S. When sorrows come, they come not as single spies. But in battalions. T. The game’s afoot: Follow your spirit; and, upon this charge Cry ‘God for Harry! England and Saint George!’ U. A horse! A horse! My kingdom for a horse! V. Here I stand. I cannot do otherwise. God help me.

II. Listing A. List the Divisions within the Aristocracy/ Peerage in descending order of precedence (Not Royalty) B. Name six characteristics of Italian Renaissance culture C. List Medieval Trivium & Quadrivium D. List Renaissance subjects of the Studia humantatis E. Name six Renaissance artists and a work for each. F. Four characteristics of Renaissance Painting G. Name two periods of Renaissance painting & an example of each H. Give three artists of the Northern Renaissance I. Name four characteristics of the Wars of the Roses J. Name three lessons of the Wars of the RosesK. Give three examples of reform prior to the Protestant Reformation L. Name three places Columbus was buried. M. Name one place Columbus landed in each of his voyagesN. Name four basic problems of the Catholic Church by the 1500s

III. Terms for Identify & Show significance. Be prepared to identify at least one artist and one reformer.

Cosimo Di Medici Giotto Massacio Boiticelli Leonardo da Vinci

Michelangelo Shakespeare Raphael Titian Sofnoibsa Anguissola

Caravaggio Armetisia Gentileschi Donatello Ghiberti Leon Battista Alberti

Manuel Chrysolas Council of Florence Constantinople Ad Fontes! Donation of Constantine

Lorenzo Valla Studia humanitas Grammarians Bramante Objections to Humanism

Michelozzi Filippo Brunelleschi Monteverdi Music Francis I

Pico Della Mirandola Burgundy Ghirlandio Lollards Northern Renaissance

Hussite Revolt Columbian Exchange John Wycliffe Richard III Martin Waldeesmuller

Just War Theory Lancastrian Government John of Gaunt The Pastons Princes in the Tower

Battle of BosworthField

Revolution of 1399 Henry VII Merino Sheep Iberian Peninsula &Expansion

ChristopherColumbus

Prince Henry theNavigator

Sepulveda Martin Luther Bartolome de las Casas

Social Darwinism Mind-sets ofColonization

Treaty ofTordesillas

HernandoCortez

Requiremento

Encomienda Talavera Commission Jan Hus FrancescoPizzaro

Council of Constance

Erasmus Menno Simmons Ulrich Zwingli Johann Eck Henry VIII & Anglicans

Simony & Venality Nepotism Indulgences Papal authority Hans Denck

John Calvin John Knox The Tudors Yorkists Wars of the Roses

IV. Essay Questions 1. Explain the concept of the genius. What are the characteristics of genius? How did genius appear in theRenaissance? Demonstrate how at least four figures studied so far would qualify and their impact.

2. Compare and contrast the images of Columbus with the reality of the man. What are the images of him? What werehis actual ideas and achievements? What problems did he have in his career and how did it end?

3. Explain the problems of the Church by the early 1500s. What were the responses to these problems before MartinLuther? What were the results of these responses? How do these responses connect to the Reformation?

4. The Renaissance is about the “humanities”. Explain how the visual and literary culture of the Italian Renaissancehelped create Western ideas of what it means to be human. Use specific examples from at least four difference figures.

5. Discuss the events of the Revolution of 1399 and its connection to the Wars of Roses. Include the origin of this term(Wars of the Roses), the impact of the conflict, the merits of both sides, and the resolution of the Wars.

6. Consider the Wars of the Roses within the context of Renaissance Warfare. Is this a Renaissance war? Why or Whynot?

7. Discuss how was the Iberian peninsula uniquely suited to the needs of expansion and exploration. Consider

motivations, resources, and opportunities. 8. The conquest of the New World had profound consequences for both the Americas and for the Old World. Discussthe cosmological, ecological, intellectual and financial consequences of the Conquest.

9. Compare and contrast the ideas of at least three different religious reformers. Consider their ideas on church authority& hierarchy, worship, salvation, and one other issue of your choosing.